CN100361575C - Plant growth regulator and it preparing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant growth regulator and a preparing method thereof, which relates to the technical field of agricultural chemicals. The present invention aims at providing a plant growth regulator and a preparing method thereof to solve the problems of high toxicity, no application together with alkaline agricultural chemicals and obvious application range limitations existing in the prior art. In order to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention has the technical scheme that a plant growth regulator of which the structural formula is RCHOOH+RCOOR is developed, wherein R=C2H5-C6H13. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of ideal comprehensive effect, no toxicity, no damage to environment, wide application range, security and convenience, and the quality problem and the safety problem of grain supply and non-staple food supply can be solved in the round. The plant growth regulator is suitable for grain crops, fibre crops, sugar crops, vegetables, fruit trees, etc., and can be used from young seedling periods up to preharvest periods without the limitation of crop growing periods.

Description

One plant growth regulators and preparation method thereof

Affiliated technical field:

The present invention relates to technical field of pesticide, especially plant growth regulators and preparation method thereof.

Background technology:

Plant growth regulator (Plant growth regulators) is the material that a class and plant endogenous hormones have similar physiology and biological effect.Having found to have regulating plant growth and having grown functional mass has growth hormone, gibberellin, ethene, the basic element of cell division, abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, salicylic acid, jasmonic and polyamines etc., and being used in the agricultural production mainly is preceding 6 classes.

Below describe with wherein two classes:

Other title of gibberellin (GA): 920, GA, strange precious.

Preparation: 85% gibberellin crystal powder, 4% gibberellin emulsion, 40% water-soluble tablets, 40% water solube powder.Its effect characteristics: gibberellin is a broad spectrum activity plant growth regulator.Ubiquity endogenous gibberellins in the plant corpus, is one of important hormone that promotes growth and development of plants, is the antagonist of inhibitor such as paclobutrazol, chlormequat.Gibberellin can promote cell elongation, the stem elongation, and blade enlarges, and promotes parthenocarpy and fruit growth, breaks seed dormancy, changes female, male flower ratio, influences flowering time, and minimizing flower, fruit come off.External source gibberellin enters in the plant corpus, has the same physiological action of endogenous gibberellins.Acute oral toxicity LD ₅₀Greater than 15000mg/bw.Kg, gibberellin mainly enters in the plant corpus through blade, spray, flower, seed or fruit, works in the position that is transmitted to active growth then.Gibberellin uses very extensive on farming, woods, gardening.

The problem that it exists is: 1. use inconvenient: water insoluble, must add small amount of ethanol during preparation, and be made into the aqueous solution again, its aqueous solution easily decomposes, and to light and responsive to temperature, preservation will be lost efficacy more than 50 ℃ easily with black paper or brown paper shading, should be now with the current; 2. strict instructions for use is arranged: be acid, can not with alkaline combined use of pesticides.

(formal name used at school is chlormequat: chlormequat chloride; Popular name is: strong bell treasured, the rice wheat is upright, cc west), pure product small white mouse acute oral toxicity LD ₅₀Be 670mg/bw.Kg, industrial goods 340.9mg/bw.Kg is mainly used on cotton, wheat, corn, paddy rice, tobacco and the root crop.

Shortcoming is that 1. side effect is arranged: it can influence the ventilation and penetrating light in land for growing field crops, and disease easily takes place; 2. strict instructions for use is arranged: can not mix use with alkaline agricultural chemicals.3. use its limitation is arranged: as not being used for fruit tree.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention will provide plant growth regulators and preparation method thereof, with overcome the toxicity that prior art exists higher, can not be used with alkaline agricultural chemicals, the scope of application has tangible circumscribed problem.

For overcoming the defective that prior art exists, technical scheme of the present invention is: develop a plant growth regulators, its composition is, RCOOH and RCOOR wherein: R is C ₂H ₅-C ₆H ₁₃

Its properties and characteristics is as follows:

1. form: form is liquid, and it is brown that color is;

2. acid-base value: the pH value is 6.5～8.2;

3. water-soluble: soluble in water;

4. proportion: proportion is 1.30～1.40;

5. smell: without any foreign odor, non-corrosiveness and excitant.

The preparation method of above-mentioned plant growth regulator comprises the steps: successively

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use content at levulinic acid more than 95% and potassium hydroxide, then solid base is mixed with concentration and is 30%～45% solution, treat that its cooling back is standby;

(2) reaction: levulinic acid is dropped in the reactor, add alkali lye then, the control reaction temperature continues reaction 2.5～4.5 hours at 60 ℃～110 ℃;

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～100 ℃.

The preparation method's of above-mentioned plant growth regulator preferred version comprises the steps: successively

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use content at levulinic acid more than 95% and potassium hydroxide, then solid base is mixed with concentration and is 35%～45% solution, treat that its cooling back is standby;

(2) reaction: levulinic acid is dropped in the reactor, add alkali lye then, the control reaction temperature was reacted 3.5～4.0 hours at 70 ℃～100 ℃;

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～90 ℃.

Generally advocate in the world and use person poultry safety, environment amenable highly effective pesticide.We select for use levulinic acid as primary raw material, react under alkaline environment, generate new little molecule straight chain organic compound, wherein do not contain phenyl ring, also nonnitrogenous heterocycle and oxygen helerocyclics.Though itself does not possess physiologically active, but have the effect of the very strong transportation of promotion saccharide compound in the plant body, can activate the activity of the multiple enzyme relevant with metabolism, thereby reach comprehensive promotion assimilation process, improve photosynthetic efficiency, the acceleransstoff transportation strengthens the resistance of crop to poor environment, finally obtains high-quality, high yield, increases income.

Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:

One, resultant effect ideal: 1. this plant growth regulator is in the photosynthesis process, suppressed the formation of ATP, the luminous energy of saving can be used for the synthetic organic compound that does not more contain energy-rich phosphate bond, promote matter transportation, reduce retention, show that mainly the leaf look dark green, vein increases slightly, the blade plumpness, the stem stalk is sturdy; 2. in citrate cycle, this plant growth regulator can quicken the process of phosphoenolpyruvic acid through pyruvate kinase catalysis formation enol pyruvic acid, and the latter forms pyruvic acid through intramolecular rearrangement; Pyruvic acid can generate sugar, oxaloacetic acid, malic acid etc. under certain condition, mainly shows crop is taken root, grows, blooms, bears fruit, solid facilitation arranged all; 3. this plant growth regulator has regulating action in the circulation of citrate cycle and four carbon dicarboxylic acids, mainly shows the volume increase of corn, cotton, potatoes and other crops and some leafy vegetable and to improve the effect of quality quite remarkable; 4. quickened the synthetic of carbohydrate and transportation, made that metabolism is vigorous, well developed root system, cane is sturdy, thereby root system absorbing capacity and photosynthetic efficiency increase substantially, and has strengthened crop drought resistance, cold-resistant, resistant to lodging and diseases and insect pests resistance etc.

Two, nontoxic: the present invention is a kind of broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, small white mouse acute oral toxicity test, male and female LD ₅₀All greater than 6800mg/bwKg, according to the acute oral toxicity grade scale (seeing Table 1) of GB15670--1995 " agriculture chemical registration toxicological experiment method " agricultural chemicals.

Table 1 acute oral toxicity grade scale

Rank	Per os LD 50，mg/kg
		The high poison of severe toxicity	＜5 5～50

The poisoning low toxicity

50～500 ＞500

Product of the present invention is nontoxic, and is environmentally friendly, applied widely, and safe ready can solve rice-sack and vegetable basket quality and safety problem comprehensively.

Three, easy to use, have broad spectrum activity: this product is converted and can be used with water, and is very convenient; Simultaneously can mix use, and from seedling with other agricultural chemicals, up to the preharvest period all can use, do not have the plant growth restriction in period.

Four, applied widely: as to be applicable to cereal crops, fiber crop, sugar [yielding and vegetables, fruit tree etc.

Five, preparation technology is simple: preparation technology of the present invention is simple.

Embodiment:

To do detailed description to the present invention by specific embodiment below.

Composition of the present invention is, RCOOH and RCOOR wherein: R is C ₂H ₅-C ₆H ₁₃

Its properties and characteristics is as follows:

1. form: form is liquid, and it is brown that color is;

2. acid-base value: the pH value is 6.5～8.2;

3. water-soluble: soluble in water;

4. proportion: proportion is 1.30～1.40;

5. smell: without any foreign odor, non-corrosiveness and excitant.

The preparation method of the said goods is:

Embodiment 1:

(1) get the raw materials ready: selecting content for use is 95% liquid levulinic acid; Compound concentration is the solution of 30% potassium hydroxide, treats that its cooling back is standby.

(2) reaction: the liquid levulinic acid is dropped into reactor, and adding alkali lye to pH value then lentamente is 6.5～8.2, and the control reaction temperature is at 80～90 ℃; Reacted 3.5 hours.

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～90 ℃.

Embodiment 2:

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use purity at 98% liquid levulinic acid; System concentration is the solution of 35% potassium hydroxide, treats that its cooling back is standby.

(2) reaction: the liquid levulinic acid is dropped into reactor, and adding alkali lye to pH value then is 6.5～8.2, and the control reaction temperature is at 85～95 ℃; Reacted 3.5 hours.

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～90 ℃.

Embodiment 3:

(1) get the raw materials ready: selecting content for use is 98% liquid levulinic acid; Compound concentration is the solution of 40% potassium hydroxide, treats that its cooling back is standby.

(2) reaction: the liquid levulinic acid is dropped into reactor, and adding alkali lye to pH value then is 6.5～8.2, and the control reaction temperature was reacted 4.0 hours at 75～85 ℃.

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～90 ℃.

Embodiment 4:

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use content at 95% levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide, then solid base is mixed with concentration and is 45% solution, treat that its cooling back is standby;

(2) reaction: levulinic acid is dropped in the reactor, add alkali lye then, the control reaction temperature continues reaction 2.5 hours at 60 ℃～75 ℃;

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 90～100 ℃.

The preparation method of above-mentioned plant growth promoter comprises the steps: successively

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use content at 98% levulinic acid and potassium hydroxide, then solid base is mixed with concentration and is 30% solution, treat that its cooling back is standby;

(2) reaction: levulinic acid is dropped in the reactor, add alkali lye then, the control reaction temperature continues reaction 4.5 hours at 95 ℃～110 ℃;

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～85 ℃.

The quality and technical index of the product that above-mentioned preparation method produces reaches pH6.5～8.2, and density value reaches 1.30～1.40, and is soluble in water, nontoxic to people and animals.Wherein with the resultant effect of embodiment 1～3 for well.

Through our test, this product is applicable to cereal crops, fiber crop, sugar [yielding and vegetables, fruit tree etc., for example: paddy rice, wheat, corn, cotton, rape, soybean, vegetables, fruit tree etc.To various crop, from seedling, until the preharvest period all can use, do not have the plant growth restriction in period.

After according to the form below regulation ratio is converted water, foliage-spray.

Spray and use scale

Crop	Number of times	Convert the water multiple	Spray the time
				Paddy rice	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Early tillering stage, shooting stage, booting stage
Corn	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Seedling stage, shooting stage, typhon mouth
				Potato	2-3 time	500-800 doubly	Seedling stage, root expand the initial stage, expand the Sheng phase
Wheat	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Early tillering stage, booting stage, pustulation period
				Cotton	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Seedling stage, budding, Hua Ling
Rape	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Opening quotation, Lei Tai, first flower
				Peanut	2-3 time	500-700 doubly	Seedling stage, first flower, following pin
Vegetables	2-5 time	600-800 doubly	Heel in go back seedling after, every about 10 days the spray once
				Tobacco	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Before the group about 5 days, prosperous long-term, pinched preceding about 10 days
Citrus	2-3 time	450-550 doubly	Initial bloom stage, setting phase, fruit expanding period
				Banana	3-5 time	450-550 doubly	Seedling, elongation, pregnant flower bud, bear fruit the phase
Lichee	3-5 time	450-550 doubly	Flowering stage, young fruit period, expanding stage
				Pears	3-4 time	450-550 doubly	Initial bloom stage, setting phase, fruit expanding period
Apple	3-4 time	450-550 doubly	Initial bloom stage, setting phase, fruit expanding period
				Strawberry	3-5 time	500-800 doubly	Behind the transplant survival, the florescence

Points for attention:

(1) go up in the proportioning of table, converting the water multiple in the last table is weight ratio, and the proportion of this product is about 1.27.As 1: 500, then 1 gram this product was converted water 500 grams.Converting the water multiple at the plant growth initial stage (spire, young fruit period) should be big, and the middle and later periods that plant growth is vigorous, converting the water multiple should be little, converts the water multiple 1: 450～550 as paddy rice, and promptly the early tillering stage is by converting water at 1: 550, and booting stage is then by converting water at 1: 450.

(2) use in strict accordance with using scale, be covered with vaporific drop when spraying on the blade and get final product.

Dip in root: solanaceous crops when transplanting, convert water by 1: 300～400 after, dip in root; Also but sprinkle is in pothole.

Seed soaking: wheat, corn, rape etc. were soaked seed 2～4 hours after converting water by 1: 300～400.

Major function:

At any time spray by the blade face each period in plant growth.Enhance metabolism, improve the absorption rate of other fertilizer and agricultural chemicals.Strengthen anti-adversity abilities such as drought resisting, cold-resistant, resistant to lodging, disease resistance; Improve output, improve the quality of agricultural product and improve commodity rate.

The test effect that carried out in various crop in 2004 is: 1. this plant growth regulator of cotton foliage-spray, and it is heavy to increase boll per plant number and bell, on average increases production 10.4 kilograms/mu of gined cottons, rate of growth 11.3%; 2. corn sprays this plant growth regulator, and is more obvious to the effect of increasing production of corn in various degree the facilitation of growing of corn, on average increases production 179 kilograms/mu, rate of growth 24.9%, and application effect is the most remarkable; 3. this plant growth regulator is used on tomato, can improve single fruit weight, improves quality, and comparison is according to 754 kilograms/mu of volume increase, rate of growth 18.7%; 4. this plant growth regulator of Hami melon foliage-spray can improve the quality of Hami melon, and comparison is according to 392.6 kilograms/mu of volume increase, rate of growth 30.9%; 5. wheat sprays this plant growth regulator, on average increases production 86 kilograms/mu, rate of growth 17.0%, and application effect is the most remarkable; 6. the apple tree blade face sprays this plant growth regulator, increases fruit-setting rate and single fruit weight, improves commodity rate, on average increases production 371 kilograms/mu, rate of growth 23.3%.

Claims (2)

1. conditioning agent, its composition be, RCOOH and RCOOR,

Wherein: R is C ₂H ₅-C ₆H ₁₃

Its properties and characteristics is as follows:

1. form: form is liquid, and it is brown that color is;

2. acid-base value: the pH value is 6.5～8.2;

3. water-soluble: soluble in water;

4. proportion: proportion is 1.30～1.40;

5. smell: without any foreign odor, non-corrosiveness and excitant;

Wherein the preparation of this plant growth regulator comprises the steps: successively

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use content at levulinic acid more than 95% and potassium hydroxide, then solid base is mixed with concentration and is 30%～45% solution, treat that its cooling back is standby;

(2) reaction: levulinic acid is dropped in the reactor, add alkali lye then, the control reaction temperature continues reaction 2.5～4.5 hours at 60 ℃～110 ℃;

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～100 ℃.

2. a plant growth regulators according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the preparation of this conditioning agent comprises the steps successively

(1) gets the raw materials ready: select for use content at levulinic acid more than 95% and potassium hydroxide, then solid base is mixed with concentration and is 35%～45% solution, treat that its cooling back is standby;

(2) reaction: levulinic acid is dropped in the reactor, add alkali lye then, the control reaction temperature was reacted 3.5～4.0 hours at 70 ℃～100 ℃;

(3) decompression distillation goes out moisture and side reaction product, and vapo(u)rizing temperature is controlled at 75～90 ℃.