CN111528227A

CN111528227A - Agricultural compositions with plant growth regulating activity

Info

Publication number: CN111528227A
Application number: CN202010499647.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟东锋; 陈黎明; 王乐天
Original assignee: NANJING BAITE BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING CO LTD
Current assignee: NANJING BAITE BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-06-04
Filing date: 2020-06-04
Publication date: 2020-08-14

Abstract

The invention provides an agricultural composition with plant growth regulating activity, which comprises a first active component of chlorin iron and a second active component of S-abscisic acid or compound potassium nitrophenolate. The combination ratio of the dihydroporphin iron and the S-abscisic acid is (0.001-0.5): 0.5-5. The combination ratio of the chlorin iron and the compound potassium nitrophenolate is (0.001-0.5): 0.1-0.5. The agricultural composition can improve the contents of lycopene, titratable acid (organic acid), Vc and soluble sugar in tomato fruits, can improve the stress resistance of green bean seedlings under salt stress and corn seedlings under drought conditions, and has the effect superior to that of the use of S-abscisic acid or compound potassium nitrophenolate single agent. The invention expands the application of chlorin iron in the field of plant growth regulators.

Description

Agricultural compositions with plant growth regulating activity

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural compositions, relates to a plant growth regulating composition, and particularly relates to a plant growth regulating composition containing chlorin iron. The invention also provides the application of the composition as a plant growth regulator.

Background

In the process of plant growth, trace physiological active substances play an important role in the growth of plants like nutrients such as sunlight, temperature, water and the like, and the trace physiological active substances have a special role in regulating the growth and development of the plants. Various endogenous trace active substances are often referred to as plant hormones, such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, etc., while non-endogenous additional active substances are referred to as plant growth regulators.

Although the endogenous growth regulating active substances of plants show strong activity at extremely low concentration (< 1 mu mol/L), the content of the endogenous growth regulating active substances is extremely low, the endogenous growth regulating active substances are difficult to extract and prepare, and the price is high, so that the endogenous growth regulating substances of non-plants become important points for research.

Plant growth regulators include two major types of natural extraction and artificial synthesis, at present, more than one hundred products are put into market for application, and the plant growth regulators become an important technical method for improving the yield and quality of agricultural products (Fuhualong and the like, research and application of plant growth regulators, and bioprocessing, 2008(6)4: 7-12). Plant growth regulators generally have the characteristics of promoting plant growth at a low concentration and inhibiting plant growth at a high concentration, and can exert normal efficacy only by using the plant growth regulators in a narrow dosage range, which causes various limitations and inconveniences in practical application; compared with the prior art, the prior exogenetic synthetic plant growth regulator has higher dosage, larger concentration, unclear metabolic pathway, stable chemical property, more residues or long residual effect period, and the residue problem has aroused high attention of people along with the continuous expansion of the application range (Zhao Min and the like, the safety of the plant growth regulator on crops and environment, journal of environment and health, 2007(24)5: 370-372), China has stipulated that any green food production and processing process can not use the chemically synthesized plant growth regulator in the form of fertilizer and pesticide (the agricultural industry standard NY-T393-2000 green food pesticide use rule of China's republic of China; NY-T394-2000 green food fertilizer use rule). The plant growth regulator with small research and development dosage, stable property and convenient use has become the development trend in the field, and the high-efficiency safe product which has no toxicity or side effect and does not influence the normal metabolic pathway and mode of the plant is the key difficulty for researching the plant growth regulator.

The chlorin iron has excellent plant growth regulating activity and obvious in-vivo and in-vitro chlorophyllase inhibiting effect. The chemical structure of chlorin iron and its application as plant growth regulating active component have been described in detail in the patent application CN102285992B by the present applicant. The chlorin iron of the present patent application is the chlorin iron of patent CN 102285992B. The application research of the chlorin iron serving as a plant growth regulating active ingredient with a novel action mechanism mainly stays in the experimental research stage. At present, the application of chlorin iron as a novel plant growth regulator needs to be further popularized, and the market share of chlorin iron in the aspect of plant growth regulators needs to be further promoted.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to promote the application of the chlorin iron in the field of agriculture and forestry, and by combining the early test verification data, the chlorin iron and the existing plant growth regulator are compounded to provide the chlorin iron-containing plant growth regulating composition, and the application of the agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity in the aspects of promoting growth, enhancing crop stress resistance, improving fruit and vegetable quality and the like.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: an agricultural composition with plant growth regulating activity contains the first active component of iron chlorin and the second active component of S-abscisic acid or compound potassium nitrophenolate.

The combination ratio of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid is (0.001-0.5): (0.5-5).

The combination ratio of the chlorin iron and the compound potassium nitrophenolate is (0.001-0.5): 0.1-0.5.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone with sesquiterpene structure naturally existing in plant body, and has no side effect on living beings and environment. In higher plants, C40 carotenoid is oxidatively cleaved under the action of 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) to form S-abscisic acid, which is catabolized under the action of CYP707A enzyme. S-abscisic acid has an important role in plant signaling, and its signaling pathways are mainly 3: (1) ABA-PYR/PYL/RcarPP2C-SnRK2 s; (2) ABAR/CHLH; (3) GPCR-type GTGS. Research on promoting fruit coloring by inducing S-abscisic acid reports that exogenous S-abscisic acid treatment can promote fruit coloring and improve fruit quality. In addition, the S-abscisic acid is a plant 'S "stress-resistance-inducing factor," called a plant' S "stress hormone," which induces plants to develop adverse growth conditions (stress, such as drought resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance, salt tolerance, etc.). Although S-abscisic acid can promote fruit coloring, improve fruit quality, and enhance crop stress resistance, targeted and systematic experimental studies on the action concentrations, action times, action modes, and the like of different crops and different varieties of the same crop and the combined use of S-abscisic acid and other plant regulatory components are still required, and different schemes are determined according to the characteristics of different crops and varieties so as to provide clear technical guidance for production.

The compound potassium nitrophenolate is a combined plant biological regulator prepared from 5-nitroguaiacol potassium, o-nitrophenol potassium and p-nitrophenol potassium according to the weight ratio of 1:2:3, the biological activity of the compound potassium nitrophenolate is completely the same as that of compound sodium nitrophenolate, the compound potassium nitrophenolate can be quickly permeated into a plant body by being sprayed on leaf surfaces, the photosynthesis is enhanced, the cell division is accelerated, the nutrient absorption is promoted, the rooting speed is accelerated, the dormancy is broken, the flower and fruit dropping are prevented, the plant growth is promoted, and the compound potassium nitrophenolate can be used for crops such as grain crops, economic crops, vegetables, fruit trees, flowers and the like. However, the potassium compound nitrophenolate and the sodium compound nitrophenolate have short drug effect period and poor intuition of spraying effect, and the expected effect can be achieved by carrying out multiple treatments.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity is prepared into various preparations and formulations which are convenient for agriculture and forestry. On the basis of considering the physicochemical properties of the components of the chlorin iron, the S-abscisic acid or the compound potassium nitrophenolate, the agricultural auxiliary agent and the like, the agricultural carrier or the agricultural surfactant is selected, and the preparation formulation which is convenient for agriculture, such as wettable powder, water dispersible granules, water aqua, soluble liquid and the like, is prepared according to the prior art. Preferably, the agricultural composition is prepared into a soluble powder, a water dispersible granule, a wettable powder, a soluble liquid or a crystallized powder.

In the preparation of soluble solutions, those skilled in the art are familiar with the use of corresponding adjuvants to complete the present invention, and the adjuvants selected can be exemplified by: emulsifier such as one or more of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (Nongru 500#), Nongru 700# (common name: alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether), Nongru 2201#, span-60 # (common name: sorbitan stearate), Tween-60 # (common name: polyoxyethylene sorbitan stearate), TX-10 (common name: octylphenol polyoxyethylene (10) ether), Nongru 1601# (common name: triphenylethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer), Nongru 600#, and Nongru 400 #; solvent such as one or more of methanol, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, cyclohexanone, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

When preparing water dispersible granules, the auxiliaries selected by those skilled in the art can be exemplified by: a dispersant such as one or more of polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate; wetting agents such as one or more of alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate; disintegrating agent such as one or more of ammonium sulfate, urea, sucrose, and glucose; binders such as one or more of diatomaceous earth, corn starch, PVA, carboxymethyl (ethyl) cellulose; the filler is one or more of diatomite, kaolin, white carbon black, light calcium carbonate, talcum powder, attapulgite and pottery clay.

When preparing wettable powders or soluble powders, the adjuvants selected by the person skilled in the art may be exemplified by: a dispersant such as one or more of polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate; wetting agents such as one or more of alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate; the filler is one or more of ammonium sulfate, urea, sucrose, glucose, diatomite, kaolin, white carbon black, light calcium carbonate, talcum powder, attapulgite and pottery clay.

On the other hand, the invention also provides application of the agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity in the aspects of fruit coloring, fruit and vegetable quality improvement and crop stress resistance improvement.

Preferably, the composition is prepared into a solution for use, wherein the concentration of the chlorin iron in the solution is 0.001-0.5 mg/L, and the concentration of the S-abscisic acid is 0.5-5 mg/L.

Preferably, the composition is prepared into a solution for use, and in the solution, the concentration of the chlorin iron is 0.001-0.5 mg/L, and the concentration of the compound potassium nitrophenolate is 0.1-0.5 mg/L.

Experiments prove that the agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity can improve the coloring of tomato fruits and improve the quality of the tomato fruits.

Experiments prove that the agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity can improve the stress resistance of the green bean seedlings under the conditions of salt stress and drought of the corn seedlings.

The agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity has at least the following beneficial effects or advantages:

1) the chlorin iron is green and environment-friendly, is easy to be decomposed and metabolized by plants, has no toxicity to human and livestock, has low dosage, selects plant growth regulating active ingredients such as S-abscisic acid or compound potassium nitrophenolate and the like as the chlorin iron compound composition, and has synergistic effect according to experimental data, thereby expanding the application of the chlorin iron in the field of plant growth regulators.

2) Through a great deal of intensive theoretical and experimental researches, the inventor discovers that compared with control treatment, the agricultural composition with the plant growth regulating activity can improve the contents of lycopene, titratable acid (organic acid), Vc and soluble sugar in tomato fruits, can improve the stress resistance of green bean seedlings under salt stress and drought conditions of corn seedlings, and has better effect than that of single S-abscisic acid or compound potassium nitrophenolate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a result chart of determination of lycopene content in tomato fruit peel by acetone extraction colorimetry.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of measuring the soluble sugar content of tomato fruits by the anthrone method.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of measuring the organic acid content of tomato fruits by standard titration.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of measuring the vitamin C content of tomato fruits by 2, 6-dichlorophenol indophenol titration.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples.

Example 1

The process of tomato fruit coloring is the process of chlorophyll decomposition and formation of lycopene, carotenoid and other pigments. The quality of tomato fruit coloring directly affects the commodity value of the fruit. This example discusses the effect of the agricultural compositions having plant growth regulating activity on tomato fruit quality. The tested tomato variety is medium-vegetable No. 4 (seeds are purchased from vegetable and flower institute of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences), the test is carried out in 2019 in a test base of pesticide institute of northwest university of agriculture and forestry, 4-7 months, the soil fertility is medium, the soil types are consistent, the field management level is good, and the tomato plants grow more consistently (the growth is similar).

Uniformly spraying the test agent once to tomato plants in the green maturity period of the tomatoes, and treating with clear water as a control. Samples were taken on the day of treatment and every 4 days after treatment until the fruit reached commercial maturity (meeting harvest standards). 20 fruits were randomly harvested in the plot for each treatment, 3 replicates. The picked fruits are placed in an ultra-low temperature refrigerator for standby, and the content of lycopene, titratable acid (organic acid), Vc and soluble sugar is determined by adopting the prior art.

And (5) investigating the fruit coloring rate when the tomatoes reach the commodity mature period. The investigation method of fruit coloring rate refers to the scientific paper "research on storage effect of Lingwu long jujube with different maturity" published in 2008 of Wuqiang et al. The coloring ratio is the ratio of the number of fruits per color range to the total number of fruits measured. Fruit colouration was divided into 4 grades: the coloring area is less than or equal to 30 percent of the area of the fruit surface and is grade I; the coloring area is more than 30 percent and less than or equal to 50 percent of the area of the fruit surface, and the fruit surface is level II; the coloring area is more than 50 percent and less than or equal to 75 percent of the fruit surface area, and the grade III is obtained; the coloring area is more than 75% to be completely colored into IV grade. The results of the tomato fruit coloring rate survey are shown in Table 1.

Test agents and concentrations used:

the use concentration of the chlorin iron single agent (dihydro) is 0.05, 0.1 and 0.4 mg/L;

s-abscisic acid single agent (ABA), the using concentration of the S-abscisic acid is 2,6 and 10 mg/L;

a potassium nitrophenolate single Agent (AK), wherein the use concentration of the potassium nitrophenolate is 2, 4 and 8 mg/L;

the composition of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid (dihydro + ABA) comprises the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid, wherein the usage concentration of the chlorin iron is 0.001, 0.05, 0.2 and 0.5mg/L, and the usage concentration of the S-abscisic acid is 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mg/L;

the composition (dihydro + AK) of the chlorin iron and the compound potassium nitrophenolate is characterized in that the usage concentration of the chlorin iron is 0.001, 0.05, 0.2 and 0.5mg/L, and the usage concentration of the compound potassium nitrophenolate is 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.5 mg/L.

Table 1, survey results of fruit coloring rate after spraying agent in tomato green ripening period

Table 1 shows the coloration rates of the different treatments 16 days after the application of the different test plant regulators. The fruit with the water treatment color degree I grade has the fruit coloring rate of 32.42 percent and the fruit with the water treatment color degree I grade has the fruit coloring rate of 28.63 percent which reaches the harvest standard (the color degree IV grade). Spraying the chlorin iron with the concentration of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.4mg/L, wherein the coloring rate of IV-level fruits with the coloring degree is 43.11%, 48.59% and 56.27%, which shows that the chlorin iron is sprayed in the green ripe period of tomatoes, the coloring of the tomatoes can be promoted, and the coloring rate of the fruits reaching the harvest standard is positively correlated with the application amount of the chlorin iron. Similarly, the single agent of the 2, 4 and 6 mg/LS-abscisic acid can improve the coloring rate of tomato fruits and is in positive correlation with the application amount, and the coloring rate of IV-level fruits is 44.74 percent, 51.46 percent and 54.71 percent respectively. Spraying a single agent of the compound potassium nitrophenolate with the concentration of 2, 4 and 8mg/L, wherein the coloring rate of the IV-level fruits is higher than that of clear water treatment, which shows that the coloring rate of the fruits of the tomatoes can be improved by spraying the compound potassium nitrophenolate in the green ripe period of the tomatoes, and particularly, the coloring rates of the III-level fruits are respectively 27.60%, 30.34% and 26.18%, which are higher than those of other treatments. In addition, the compound potassium nitrophenolate 4mg/L obviously improves the fruit coloring rate of the tomatoes, and the fruit coloring rates of grade III and grade IV of the coloring degree reach 71.94 percent.

The composition of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid and the composition of chlorin iron and compound potassium nitrophenolate are sprayed in the green ripe period of the tomatoes, the coloring rate of fruits (coloring degree IV grade) reaching the harvest standard is remarkably improved, the coloring rate of the fruits with coloring degree IV grade is higher than 60%, and the coloring rate of the fruits with coloring degree I grade of the tomatoes sprayed with the composition of chlorin iron and compound potassium nitrophenolate is 10%. As can be seen, the composition of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid and the composition of chlorin iron and compound potassium nitrophenolate are sprayed in the green ripe period of the tomatoes, the coloring rate of the tomato fruits is superior to that of chlorin iron single agent, S-abscisic acid single agent and compound potassium nitrophenolate single agent, and the marketability of the tomato fruits is improved.

The content of lycopene in the peel of tomato fruit is determined by acetone extraction colorimetry, and the determination result is shown in figure 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, compared with the clear water blank control, the single agent of chlorin iron, the single agent of S-abscisic acid, the single agent of compound potassium nitrophenolate, the combination of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid and the combination of chlorin iron and compound potassium nitrophenolate all increased the lycopene content of the tomato fruit peel to different degrees. Spraying concentration of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.4mg/L chlorin iron, increasing lycopene content of tomato fruit peel from 16.51mg/100g to 18.87mg/100g, and positively correlating with application amount of chlorin iron. Spraying single doses of 2, 4 and 6 mg/LS-abscisic acid and single doses of 2, 4 and 8mg/L compound potassium nitrophenolate can improve the lycopene content of tomato fruit peel, is positively correlated with the application amount, and has the effect equivalent to the application effect of chlorin iron. Compared with the treatment, the composition of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid and the composition of the chlorin iron and the compound potassium nitrophenolate can obviously improve the lycopene content of the tomato fruit peel, and the lycopene content of the tomato fruit peel can reach 23.1mg/100g and 22.78mg/100g within a set use concentration range.

The soluble sugar content of tomato fruit is determined by anthrone method, and the determination result is shown in figure 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, each treatment of this example increased the soluble sugar content of tomato fruits, the combination of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid, and the combination of chlorin iron and potassium nitrophenolate, over the single treatments, compared to the clear water blank control. The organic acid content of tomato fruits was determined by standard titration method and the results are shown in FIG. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, each treatment of this example can increase the organic acid content of tomato fruits compared to the clear water blank control, and the combination of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid, and the combination of chlorin iron and potassium nitrophenolate, have a significant effect on increasing the organic acid content of tomato fruits. The vitamin C content of tomato fruit is determined by 2, 6-dichlorophenol indophenol titration method, and the determination result is shown in figure 4. As can be seen from FIG. 4, compared with the clear water blank control, each treatment of this example can increase the vitamin C content of tomato fruits, the composition of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid, and the composition of chlorin iron and potassium nitrophenolate effectively increase the vitamin C content of tomato fruits, and the vitamin C content of the composition of chlorin iron and potassium nitrophenolate (0.5+0.5) is the highest, and reaches 22.35mg/100 gFW.

The measured data of the embodiment are combined to obtain the combination of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid and the combination of the chlorin iron and the compound potassium nitrophenolate, which can improve the coloring of the tomato fruits and improve the quality of the tomato fruits.

Example 2

The existing research proves that the plant growth regulating substance acts on the whole life cycle of the plant from seed germination to seedling growth, flowering, fructification, maturity and the like, and can improve the resistance of the plant under adversity stress. However, there are still many problems worth further research and discussion about the effect of plant growth regulators on the alleviation of crop stress damage and the development of corresponding plant growth regulators. This example discusses the effect of the agricultural compositions having plant growth regulating activity on crops under conditions of salt stress and drought.

At a concentration of 150 mmol. multidot.L^-1The NaCl solution is a salt stress condition, and a protection experiment of the test reagent on the oxidative damage of the mung bean seedlings under the salt stress is carried out. The test agents and concentrations were the same as in example 1, except that Hogland nutrient solution was used to prepare the test agents at each treatment concentration. The data of the mung bean seedlings cultured in the test solutions of the treatment concentrations for eight days are shown in Table 2, using Hogland nutrient solution without the test solution as a control, and measured on the eighth day of treatment.

TABLE 2 protection experiment results of different agents on oxidative damage of mung bean seedlings under salt stress

As can be seen from table 2, each treatment of this example increased the content of proline, which is an antioxidant substance, and increased the activities of POD (peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase) and CAT (catalase) antioxidant enzyme systems, which are different degrees, as compared to the Control (CK) containing no Hogland nutrient solution. In the evaluation indexes listed in Table 2, the protection performance of the single S-abscisic acid agent on the oxidative damage of the mung bean seedlings under salt stress optimizes the single chlorin iron agent and the single compound potassium nitrophenolate agent, but the performance of the single S-abscisic acid agent is inferior to that of the composition of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid agent and the composition of the chlorin iron and the compound potassium nitrophenolate. Particularly, the combination of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid can remarkably improve the stress resistance of the mung bean seedlings under salt stress.

The applicant of the present patent application, in example 18 of the previously filed patent CN102285992B, conducted test of test agent for corn seed soaking and seedling spraying, and identified the effect of the agricultural composition with plant growth regulating activity on corn seedlings under drought conditions. The test agents and concentration settings, and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 test results of corn seed soaking and seedling spraying with different agents under drought conditions

As can be seen from table 3, compared with the clear water Control (CK), each treatment in this example can promote the growth of maize seedlings and the elongation of their main roots, which is significantly different from the control, and each agent treatment group not only has good growth vigor, but also has rich and developed root system, more lateral roots, and significant difference in main root length. The later stage of the indoor maize seedlings is drought stress growth, the seedlings in the later stage of the clear water control group are soft and weak, the stems are thin, the edges of the leaves of the seedlings are withered and yellow, and about one third of the seedlings are bent or lodged. The seedlings of each agent treatment group have good growth vigor, and particularly, the corn leaves are more dark green in color, the bottom leaves are not yellow, and only slight atrophy is seen in the current situation of the composition of chlorin iron and S-abscisic acid and the composition experiment group of chlorin iron and compound potassium nitrophenolate.

The present invention has been further described with reference to the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An agricultural composition having plant growth regulating activity, comprising a first active ingredient which is chlorin iron, a second active ingredient which is S-abscisic acid or compound potassium nitrophenolate;

the combination ratio of the chlorin iron and the S-abscisic acid is (0.001-0.5): 0.5-5);

2. The use of the agricultural composition having plant growth regulating activity of claim 1 for fruit coloring, improvement of fruit and vegetable quality and improvement of crop stress resistance.

3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the composition is formulated for use as a solution, wherein the concentration of chlorin iron is 0.001-0.5 mg/L and the concentration of S-abscisic acid is 0.5-5 mg/L.

4. The use as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition is formulated for use as a solution, wherein the concentration of chlorin iron is 0.001-0.5 mg/L and the concentration of compound potassium nitrophenolate is 0.1-0.5 mg/L.

5. Use according to claim 2, wherein the agricultural composition with plant growth regulating activity is used for improving tomato fruit coloring.

6. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that the agricultural composition with plant growth regulating activity is used to increase the organic acid, vitamin C, soluble sugar content of tomato fruits.

7. The use according to claim 2, wherein the agricultural composition having plant growth regulating activity is used for improving stress resistance of salt stress of seedlings of green beans.

8. The use according to claim 2, wherein the agricultural composition with plant growth regulating activity is used for improving drought stress resistance of maize seedlings.