CN100335804C - 全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的装配方法 - Google Patents

全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的装配方法 Download PDF

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CN100335804C
CN100335804C CNB028061128A CN02806112A CN100335804C CN 100335804 C CN100335804 C CN 100335804C CN B028061128 A CNB028061128 A CN B028061128A CN 02806112 A CN02806112 A CN 02806112A CN 100335804 C CN100335804 C CN 100335804C
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roller
bearing
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assembling
cone
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D·-O·莱曼
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Hansen Industrial Transmissions NV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/04—Preventing damage to bearings during storage or transport thereof or when otherwise out of use
    • F16C41/045—Devices for provisionally retaining needles or rollers in a bearing race before mounting of the bearing on a shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/70—Diameters; Radii
    • F16C2240/80—Pitch circle diameters [PCD]
    • F16C2240/82—Degree of filling, i.e. sum of diameters of rolling elements in relation to PCD
    • F16C2240/84—Degree of filling, i.e. sum of diameters of rolling elements in relation to PCD with full complement of balls or rollers, i.e. sum of clearances less than diameter of one rolling element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49645—Thrust bearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/4968—Assembling of race, cage, and rolling anti-friction members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49682—Assembling of race and rolling anti-friction members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49686—Assembling of cage and rolling anti-friction members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49696—Mounting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/497—Pre-usage process, e.g., preloading, aligning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/4984—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53104—Roller or ball bearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Abstract

一种全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承，包括内环或圆锥体，在它的径向外圆锥表面上有内轨道；和外环或杯体，在它的径向内圆锥表面上有外轨道；以及一列或多列圆锥滚柱，具有小于30度的接触角，自由地设置在内环和外环之间，并由所述轨道导向，每一列滚柱轴向地位于由至少设置在具有最大直径的内轨道边缘上的肩部连接台形成的内轨道上的凹槽内并且每一列滚柱在轴承的轴向方向上在圆锥滚柱的整个长度上与内轨道接触。还公开了一种装配方法。

Description

全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的装配方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种完全或全补偿圆锥滚子轴承，即没有保持架而具有全补偿滚柱的圆锥滚子轴承的装配方法。
背景技术
圆锥滚柱轴承作为滚动轴承元件是非常公知的。通常如图1，2和5所示包括内环或圆锥体、外环或杯体、滚柱和保持架。保持架的目的在于例如在轴承装配过程中没有杯体时给滚柱导向并保持它们就位。在一个已装配好的装置中，内环或圆锥体、滚柱和保持架形成一个单元而外环是另外的元件，轴承通过它安装到轴或箱体上。
在圆锥滚柱轴承的一般设计中，滚柱的轴向导向通过内环或圆锥体上的凹槽获得，它与保持架一起保持滚柱就位并导向它们在圆锥体的中心。
然而这种圆锥滚柱轴承的一般设计由于保持架变形，保持架环压缩或保持架孔磨损而导致失败，分别如图2a，2b和2c所示。
在非常公知的O装置中用于轴的一种全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承从US606635中可知。然而在这种已知的结构中滚柱的轴向位置和导向借助于位于圆锥滚柱轴承表面每一侧的两个轴向间隔开的凹槽，凹槽与径向的内环或圆锥体的轴承表面或轨道的径向向外延伸的互相间隔开的凸脊接合。在US606635中公开的轴承表面上的凸脊和凹槽的结构通过减小了可得到的滚柱表面都降低了轴承的承载量，并由于凸脊磨损和破损而增加了过早失效的危险。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于提供一种克服或至少减轻了上述提到的问题的全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的装配方法。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的方法，轴承包括内环或圆锥体，在它的径向外圆锥表面上有内轨道；和外环或杯体，在它的径向内圆锥表面上有外轨道；以及一列或多列圆锥滚柱，包括将滚柱装入圆锥体的内轨道的第一步装配，然后运用保持装置将滚柱保持在内轨道上中，从而该等保持装置接触和保持各滚柱的轴向和径向外部以将滚柱夹在轨道内，再将第一步装配插入外环形成最后的装配。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的方法，轴承包括内环或圆锥体，在它的径向外圆锥表面上有轨道和设置在具有较大直径的内轨道边缘上的肩部连接台；和外环或杯体，在它的径向内圆锥表面上有外轨道；以及一列或多列圆锥滚柱，包括将装配工具插入外环的中心并使其与外环同心，装配工具具有径向外表面，基本上具有内轨道的锥度，然后在装配工具和外环之间装配全补偿滚柱，再从外环的内侧抽出装配工具，最后用内环代替它。
接触角是外轨道法向直线与平行于轴承的旋转平面的直线之间的角，并且由ISO标准281：1990限定。
较佳的是接触角是5至30度，更好的是包含在其中的10至20度之间。
附图说明
本发明的其它方面将从下面本发明实施例的描述并参照附图而变得更加清楚，其中
图1a和1b表示了一种包括由保持架限制的圆锥滚柱的普通轴承的简要横截面图；且
图2a至2c表示了由于使用过程中的问题对轴承保持架的各种破坏情况；且
图3表示根据本发明的全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承从内环或圆锥体的跟侧看的视图；且
图4表示图3的全补偿轴承从内环的趾侧看的视图；且
图5表示了普通圆锥滚柱轴承的内环，滚柱和保持架的装配图；且
图6表示用装配工具装配本发明的全补偿轴承的方法的简要部分截面图；且
图7a至7d表示用另一装配工具装配本发明的全补偿滚柱轴承的另一种方法；且
图8表示根据图7a至7d中描述的方法在内环或圆锥体插入之前将圆锥滚柱装入外环或杯体的视图；且
图9a和9b表示在装配外环或杯体之前保持在内环或圆锥体上定位的滚柱的另一种方法。
具体实施方式
图1a和1b中所示的是普通保持架型圆锥滚柱轴承组件，包括内环或圆锥体1、外环或杯体4和自由设置在圆锥体和杯体之间包含在向圆周延伸的保持架7内的多个滚柱6。
内环或圆锥体的径向外圆锥表面3提供有内轨道2并且同样地外环或杯体4的径向向内的圆锥表面5提供有外轨道。
圆锥滚柱借助于位于内环轴向边缘上的肩部连接台8、9而在内轨道2上定位并导向，当轴承承载时肩部连接台8作用于圆锥滚柱的平面端。具有较大直径的内轨道的轴向边缘通常称作跟部而具有较小直径的边缘通常称作趾部。因此肩部连接台8、9分别称作跟部连接台和趾部连接台。
图3和4中所示的是根据本发明的全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承。
图3表示从内环或圆锥体的跟部看轴承的视图，清楚地表示了没有滚柱保持架的全补偿滚柱。图3还表示了在内环上带有跟部连接台的轴承，而在内环的趾部上没有这样的肩部连接台如从图4中清楚所示。
如图3和4所示的本发明的轴承根据需要具有滚柱定位和导向的跟部连接台，它还可以在内环上具有趾部连接台。
接触角α即在垂直于外轨道延伸的直线和平行于如图6所示的轴承的旋转平面的直线之间的夹角，根据本发明不小于5度且不大于30度。因此接触角α相当于外轨道相对于内环或圆锥体安装的轴的纵轴线A的倾斜度。较佳的是轴承的接触角是在10至20度的范围内以便轴承更适合用于径向高负载的情况下。
本发明尤其是指与轴径25毫米至150毫米的轴一起使用的重载型轴承，。遇到如此使用的情况，典型地对于25毫米直径的轴最大的速度大致是5500转/分，对于150毫米直径的轴最大的速度大致是1500转/分。
虽然上述的全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承只在内环或圆锥体的跟侧具有一个肩部连接台，但是在趾侧还可以具有一个肩部连接台。
除了提供一种全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承，本发明还提供了装配这种轴承元件的各种方法。
这种轴承的第一种装配方法如图6所示，其中表示了轴承元件连同装配工具62的半截面图。应该明白图6只表示了装置的一半，并且另一半对称地设置在轴线A的下面。因此装配工具62是大致的圆柱形且径向地分成顶半部和底半部，顶半部如图6所示。装配工具62的径向外圆柱表面提供有一个轴向延伸的凸起或多个凸起63，通过装配工具62的两半在由箭头Y表示的方向上运动分开，凸起63可以由滚柱的轴向和径向外缘轴向向里地定位。所以通过装配工具62的两半在如箭头X表示的方向上彼此向后的运动，凸起63与滚柱的轴向和径向外缘接合。凸起63的轴向端在它的径向向里侧设计形状如图所示以与滚柱的轴向和径向向外部分相符合实现与滚柱的接合。
根据图6描述的第一装配方法，圆锥滚柱60装配入圆锥体61的内轨道的最后位置并通过具有轴向延伸的凸起或多个凸起63的装配工具62保持在那里，凸起63接触和保持每一个滚柱的轴向和径向外部分来如图所示在轨道上夹住滚柱。装配工具62具有通常的圆柱形，圆柱形具有越过轴向凸起或多个凸起63并小于外环或杯体的外径的直径，以便杯体装入成为它的最后外壳，而且还能使圆锥滚柱与内锥体和杯体的装配彼此相向的移动进入如图6所示非常接近的位置。装配工具62具有另一个比凸起63径向向里的轴向延伸的凸起65，如图所示它靠着内环61的跟侧以使得装配运动容易。而且凸起63在径向方向上的厚度尺寸和杯体的外径是这样设置的，以允许装配工具62的半部能够充分地移开运动，以便抽出工具。
一旦装配在如图6所示的位置，装配工具62的两半在如箭头Y表示的方向径向地移开，直到凸起或多个凸起63整齐地分开滚柱时，装配工具的这些部分沿Z方向抽出。滚柱和圆锥体与杯体装配的非常近确保滚柱不变位并且在最后的装配工序中杯体、滚柱和圆锥体装配再次相向移动来达到它们的最后位置而完成装配。
上述的方法装配工具设计成两半圆柱体的形式，装配工具当然可以分成三或更多部分例如可通过在四个方向上移动径向地膨胀的四分体，每一分体的移动方向垂直于邻近分体的移动方向。
这样的装配工具还可以包括一些合适的可在径向收缩状态和径向膨胀状态之间转换(或相反)的弹性变形夹紧部件。
装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的第一方法尤其适用于在内轨道的跟侧和趾侧都具有滚柱连接肩部的轴承或者适用于滚柱列必须竖直定向地装配的轴承。
对于内轨道的趾端没有设置肩部连接台和滚柱列水平定向装配的轴承，可以使用图7a和7b描述的方法。
在如图7a所示的方法的第一部分中，外环或杯体水平放置，外轨道边缘最上部具有较大直径。与最终的内轨道具有同样锥度的径向外表面的装配工具70同心地放置在外环或杯体的内部。装配工具上未设置肩部连接台使得在装配工具70和外环之间装配全补偿圆锥滚柱容易。
然后通过在图7a中如箭头U表示的向上的方向上移动装配工具而从滚柱的外环装配中抽出装配工具70。滚柱在外环或杯体内的部分装配如图8所示。
在装配的最后阶段，通过在与箭头U相反的方向从例如上述位置移动内环或圆锥体71装入到装置的中心。图7c和7d分别表示了装配工具70和圆锥体71。
除了上面描述的装配方法，可以使用装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的其它方法。
图9a和9b描述了这样一种方法，在装入杯体之前用一个弹性件90在圆锥体93的内轨道92上保持圆锥滚柱91。弹性件可以是弹性材料如橡胶的带子或可膨胀的塑料网96，如图9b所示。弹性件可以在装配入杯体后移开或在合适的情况下留在适当的位置，在轴承的第一次使用时破裂或分解排出。
装配本发明的圆锥滚柱轴承的其它方法可以包括使用暂时粘结剂如粘性润滑剂如油脂来保持滚柱在杯体或圆锥体之一上，在轴承材料允许使用暂时磁化的情况下提供例如使用电磁。
根据本发明的全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承由于采用了大量滚柱和滚柱表面的全宽度利用提供了高负载能力并由于去除了保持架而减小了过早失效的危险。
根据本发明的另一方面在工业齿轮单元中提供了一种装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的方法，工业齿轮单元具有一体的外壳或轴承孔道，如外壳或轴承孔道没有分裂面。

Claims (4)

1.一种装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的方法，轴承包括内环或圆锥体，在它的径向外圆锥表面上有内轨道；和外环或杯体，在它的径向内圆锥表面上有外轨道；以及一列或多列圆锥滚柱，包括将滚柱装入圆锥体的内轨道的第一步装配，然后运用保持装置将滚柱保持在内轨道上中，从而该等保持装置接触和保持各滚柱的轴向和径向外部以将滚柱夹在轨道内，再将第一步装配插入外环形成最后的装配。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，保持装置包括作用在滚柱上的径向可膨胀和收缩的夹紧元件，夹紧元件可以在最后的装配完成后移开。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，包括一个作用在滚柱外周圆上的弹性件。
4.一种装配全补偿圆锥滚柱轴承的方法，轴承包括内环或圆锥体，在它的径向外圆锥表面上有轨道和设置在具有较大直径的内轨道边缘上的肩部连接台；和外环或杯体，在它的径向内圆锥表面上有外轨道；以及一列或多列圆锥滚柱，包括将装配工具插入外环的中心并使其与外环同心，装配工具具有径向外表面，基本上具有内轨道的锥度，然后在装配工具和外环之间装配全补偿滚柱，再从外环的内侧抽出装配工具，最后用内环代替它。
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