CL2012002672A1 - Metodo y sistema para operar un motor de compresion con un combustible que contiene eter, que comprende presurizar el combustible primario que contiene alcohol a una presion final de inyeccion en el motor, distribuir el combustible dentro de tubos que conectan la camara con los inyectores, introducirlo en un reactor de deshidratacion catalitica, deshidratar el combustible primario al combustible que contiene eter e inyectarlo en el motor, y retirar, despresurizar y reciclar el combustible primario. - Google Patents
Metodo y sistema para operar un motor de compresion con un combustible que contiene eter, que comprende presurizar el combustible primario que contiene alcohol a una presion final de inyeccion en el motor, distribuir el combustible dentro de tubos que conectan la camara con los inyectores, introducirlo en un reactor de deshidratacion catalitica, deshidratar el combustible primario al combustible que contiene eter e inyectarlo en el motor, y retirar, despresurizar y reciclar el combustible primario.Info
- Publication number
- CL2012002672A1 CL2012002672A1 CL2012002672A CL2012002672A CL2012002672A1 CL 2012002672 A1 CL2012002672 A1 CL 2012002672A1 CL 2012002672 A CL2012002672 A CL 2012002672A CL 2012002672 A CL2012002672 A CL 2012002672A CL 2012002672 A1 CL2012002672 A1 CL 2012002672A1
- Authority
- CL
- Chile
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- engine
- primary fuel
- fuel containing
- containing ether
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B51/00—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines
- F02B51/02—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines involving catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
- F02D19/0652—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils
- F02D19/0655—Biofuels, e.g. plant oils at least one fuel being an alcohol, e.g. ethanol
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
- F02D19/0671—Means to generate or modify a fuel, e.g. reformers, electrolytic cells or membranes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/02—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0694—Injectors operating with a plurality of fuels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
- F02D19/084—Blends of gasoline and alcohols, e.g. E85
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Método y sistema para operar un motor de compresión con un combustible que contiene éter, que comprende presurizar el combustible primario que contiene alcohol a una presión final de inyección en el motor, distribuir el combustible dentro de tubos que conectan la cámara con los inyectores, introducirlo en un reactor de deshidratación catalítica, deshidratar el combustible primario al combustible que contiene éter e inyectarlo en el motor, y retirar, despresurizar y reciclar el combustible primario.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DKPA201000273 | 2010-03-31 | ||
DKPA201000587 | 2010-07-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CL2012002672A1 true CL2012002672A1 (es) | 2013-03-08 |
Family
ID=43971686
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CL2012002672A CL2012002672A1 (es) | 2010-03-31 | 2012-09-26 | Metodo y sistema para operar un motor de compresion con un combustible que contiene eter, que comprende presurizar el combustible primario que contiene alcohol a una presion final de inyeccion en el motor, distribuir el combustible dentro de tubos que conectan la camara con los inyectores, introducirlo en un reactor de deshidratacion catalitica, deshidratar el combustible primario al combustible que contiene eter e inyectarlo en el motor, y retirar, despresurizar y reciclar el combustible primario. |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9109506B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2553236B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP5815016B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR20130019403A (es) |
CN (1) | CN102947571B (es) |
BR (1) | BR112012024588A2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA2793632A1 (es) |
CL (1) | CL2012002672A1 (es) |
CO (1) | CO6612262A2 (es) |
RU (1) | RU2557965C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2011120615A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA201207121B (es) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012014755A1 (de) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-05-15 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung eines Alkohols in ein Kraftstoffgemisch |
US9482165B2 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2016-11-01 | Caterpillar Inc. | Dual fuel common rail depressurization during engine shutdown and machine using same |
FR3007246B1 (fr) | 2013-06-25 | 2015-07-17 | Ab7 Innovation | Dispositif attracticide autonome de lutte contre les insectes volants nuisibles et particulierement les mouches |
WO2015172284A1 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2015-11-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Anti-microbial cleaning composition |
CN105991285B (zh) | 2015-02-16 | 2019-06-11 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | 用于量子密钥分发过程的身份认证方法、装置及系统 |
CN105020066A (zh) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-04 | 卓永哲 | 用于发动机的汽油高温多点喷射辅助装置 |
JP2019104924A (ja) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-06-27 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニーThe Procter & Gamble Company | 抗菌洗浄組成物 |
RU2722006C1 (ru) * | 2019-09-13 | 2020-05-25 | Мусин Ильшат Гайсеевич | Способ работы двигателя внутреннего сгорания (ДВС) с искровым зажиганием и устройство подачи топлива для него |
CN111075620B (zh) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-08-13 | 浙江吉利新能源商用车集团有限公司 | 一种增程器冷启动系统及汽车 |
CN112901380B (zh) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-06-21 | 太原理工大学 | 一种压燃式甲醇发动机燃料供给系统及其控制方法 |
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ZW28380A1 (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-07-22 | Aeci Ltd | A device for converting alcohols to ethers |
US4408572A (en) * | 1981-07-27 | 1983-10-11 | Conoco Inc. | Ether cold starter in alcohol fuel treatment and distribution apparatus and method |
US4418653A (en) * | 1982-06-07 | 1983-12-06 | Conoco Inc. | Alcohol fuel dual-catalyst treatment apparatus and method |
US4892561A (en) | 1982-08-11 | 1990-01-09 | Levine Irving E | Methyl ether fuels for internal combustion engines |
NO154486C (no) * | 1984-04-12 | 1986-10-01 | Norsk Hydro As | Katalysator og dens anvendelse for spalting av metanol. |
US4876989A (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1989-10-31 | Technology Development Associates, Inc. | Enhanced performance of alcohol fueled engine during cold conditions |
US4993386A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1991-02-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Operation control system for internal combustion engine |
JPH0388957A (ja) * | 1989-08-22 | 1991-04-15 | New Zealand Government | 圧縮点火エンジンの燃料供給装置及びその制御装置 |
US5906664A (en) | 1994-08-12 | 1999-05-25 | Amoco Corporation | Fuels for diesel engines |
US6245303B1 (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2001-06-12 | Arthur D. Little, Inc. | Reactor for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels |
EP1002580B1 (en) | 1998-11-18 | 2006-09-27 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Method for producing an object having a catalytically active surface layer |
CN1127557C (zh) * | 1999-07-01 | 2003-11-12 | 霍尔多托普索埃公司 | 醇连续脱水制备用于柴油发动机燃料的醚和水 |
JP2001050118A (ja) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の燃料改質装置付き燃料噴射弁 |
ATE325263T1 (de) * | 1999-12-10 | 2006-06-15 | Haldor Topsoe As | Verfahren zum betrieb einer dieselbrennkraftmaschine |
US6668763B2 (en) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-12-30 | The University Of Chicago | Process for in-situ production of hydrogen (H2) by alcohol decomposition for emission reduction from internal combustion engines |
US6936238B2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2005-08-30 | General Motors Corporation | Compact partial oxidation/steam reactor with integrated air preheater, fuel and water vaporizer |
WO2004035466A1 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-04-29 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Use of metal supported copper catalysts for reforming alcohols |
CN1327121C (zh) | 2002-12-05 | 2007-07-18 | 天津大学 | 超低排放甲醇燃料发动机 |
EP1706628B1 (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2012-04-25 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process for operating a compression ignition internal combustion engine in combination with a catalytic reformer |
JP2006167511A (ja) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料変換用触媒及びこれを用いた燃料供給装置 |
JP2006226172A (ja) | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-31 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 圧縮着火内燃機関の制御方法 |
JP2006233864A (ja) * | 2005-02-24 | 2006-09-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 圧縮着火内燃機関の制御方法 |
WO2006092392A1 (en) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-08 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Reforming of gtl for marine applications |
JP4382722B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-04 | 2009-12-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関システム |
JP2007187112A (ja) | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 予混合圧縮着火内燃機関 |
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BRPI0703981A2 (pt) * | 2006-10-30 | 2009-06-23 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | sistema de motor de combustão interna |
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JP2009203813A (ja) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-10 | Denso Corp | 燃料供給制御装置 |
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CN101302972A (zh) | 2008-06-12 | 2008-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | 二甲醚发动机分体齿轮泵式燃料供给系统 |
JP2010223151A (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | アルコールを主成分とする燃料を使用した内燃機関 |
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-
2011
- 2011-03-02 CN CN201180017629.1A patent/CN102947571B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-02 US US13/638,573 patent/US9109506B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-02 EP EP11707348.6A patent/EP2553236B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-02 WO PCT/EP2011/001021 patent/WO2011120615A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-03-02 KR KR1020127027773A patent/KR20130019403A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-02 JP JP2013501655A patent/JP5815016B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-02 RU RU2012146220/06A patent/RU2557965C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-02 CA CA2793632A patent/CA2793632A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-02 BR BR112012024588A patent/BR112012024588A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-09-21 ZA ZA2012/07121A patent/ZA201207121B/en unknown
- 2012-09-26 CL CL2012002672A patent/CL2012002672A1/es unknown
- 2012-09-26 CO CO12168209A patent/CO6612262A2/es active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2013524064A (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
CA2793632A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
EP2553236A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
RU2012146220A (ru) | 2014-05-20 |
WO2011120615A8 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
BR112012024588A2 (pt) | 2017-10-03 |
WO2011120615A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
JP5815016B2 (ja) | 2015-11-17 |
CO6612262A2 (es) | 2013-02-01 |
RU2557965C2 (ru) | 2015-07-27 |
US20130068186A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
EP2553236B1 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
US9109506B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
KR20130019403A (ko) | 2013-02-26 |
ZA201207121B (en) | 2014-01-29 |
CN102947571A (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
CN102947571B (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
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