CH714151A2 - Laying stone and the laying stone comprehensive stone composite, use of the laying stone and method for laying a stone composite. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a laying stone (10) with an outline (20), which is subdivided into an even or odd number of imaginary, equal and / or different secants (30), wherein the laying stone (10) in the circumferential direction in each area second secant (30) and / or also in at least one area between two adjoining secants (30) has a projection (40) projecting beyond the outline (20) of the stone (10), in each case adjoining the secant (30), a stone composite (70) having the laying stone (10) and the use of such a laying stone and a method for laying a stone composite.

Description

Description: The invention relates to a laying stone according to the preamble of claim 1, a stone composite comprising such a laying stone according to the preamble of claim 10 and a use of such laying stone according to the preamble of claim 11 and a method for laying a stone composite according to the preamble of claims 14 and 17.

Laying stones have been known since ancient times and are used for laying paving and stone networks. For this purpose, usually laying stones with a regular pattern, for example in the form of rectangles, triangles, hexagons, etc. or in the form of diamonds or dumbbells, as well as with a non-regular pattern, such as natural stones have used.

When laying such laying bricks, it is often necessary that the laying bricks are laid with a certain predefined distance from each other to ensure a water or seepage permeability of the pavement or the stone composite produced with it, to a bottom seal avoid. In such a laying activity, it has proven difficult to accurately adhere to such a predetermined distance between the individual laying rocks, so that on the one hand ensures the water or permeability of the paving or the stone composite and on the other hand, the paving or the stone composite are designed visually appealing. For this reason, in the past, when installing the laying bricks, laying aids were used that were placed between the individual laying bricks in such a way that the laying bricks would automatically maintain the predefined distance to each other when placed on the laying aids. However, this method was expensive, complicated and expensive and also required, in addition to the laying bricks to be laid, additional materials, namely the laying aids, which were placed between the laying bricks or by which a predefined distance between the laying bricks could be adjusted and maintained in other ways. In addition, the use of laying aids has usually been suitable only for the use of regularly shaped laying rocks, but not in the laying of irregular shaped laying rocks, such as natural stones mentioned above.

The invention has for its object to provide a laying stone and a stone composite with such a laying available, wherein in a production of a stone composite using at least one such laying the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided in a cost effective and simple manner and wherein can be dispensed with a use of laying aids.

This object is achieved by a laying stone according to claim 1 and by a stone composite according to claim 10 and further by a use of such a laying stone according to claim 11 and by a method for laying a stone composite according to claims 14 and 17.

In particular, the object is achieved by a laying stone with an outline which is subdivided into an even or odd number of imaginary, equal and / or different secants, wherein the laying stone in the circumferential direction in the range of at least one, preferably every second Secant and / or in at least one area between two adjoining secants, a projecting beyond the outline of the stone, each subsequent to the secant, projection has.

An essential point of the invention is that the inventive laying brick at least one projection, but preferably a plurality of projections, which protrude beyond an outer contour of the inventive stone.

The term "outline" in the context of this invention, the visible from above circumferential outer contour of the stone to understand when the stone is moved as intended, the outstanding over the outline of the stone protrusions of the invention laying brick are not expected to this outer contour but wherein this outer contour runs along a line projecting the respective projection. In the case of an unprocessed natural stone, its outline thus corresponds to its maximum outer contour viewed in supervision.

According to the invention, one or more projections, which have a substantially uniform round, oval, rectangular, triangular or trapezoidal outer contour, which in this way projects beyond the outline of the stone, adjoin this outer contour.

The arrangement of the projections over the outline of the stone is according to the invention such that the outline is divided in the circumferential direction in an even or odd number of imaginary, equal and / or different secants, at which the one or more projections are formed. The projections are in this case formed either on respectively adjacent secants or else, and this embodiment of the invention is preferably formed on the respectively next secants, so that the projections have a spacing from one another which corresponds to a respective intermediate edge.

In this way, the laying blocks according to the invention have a circumferential cam structure, wherein the individual cams result from the respective projections of the laying stone.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, such an inventive projection has on its outer contour at least one, preferably at least two, nubbed, toothed and / or thorn-like sub-contour.

Projection / sub-projections, which is integrally formed on the projection. In an analogous manner, the projections according to the invention may themselves be designed in the shape of nubs, teeth and / or mandrels.

The individual projections and / or sub-projections may according to the invention have substantially identical horizontal extents or be of different widths. The actual horizontal extension of each projection depends in this case in particular on the length of the respective secant on which the projection is arranged, and furthermore, optionally, on a desired laying pattern of the stones.

Furthermore, the stone, the projection and / or the sub-projection according to the invention may be integrally formed. According to an alternative embodiment, the stone according to the invention may also comprise devices, such as holes, on or in which respective projections and / or sub-projections can be fastened, which then protrude beyond the outline of the stone. Here, for example, a simple plug connection is conceivable.

Due to the present invention provided on the bedding projections and optionally sub-projections, the inventive laying can be laid in a very simple way in addition to conventional stones or other inventive laying stones to produce a paving or a stone composite without, as before, for Creation of predefined distances between the individual stones laying aids would be necessary, since these distances are necessarily and readily complied with by the arranged on the inventive laying rocks projections and sub-projections. In this case, the projections and / or sub-projections engage one another in a tooth-interlocking manner or touch each other laterally or on a joint, the latter leading to a maximum spacing of the laying blocks according to the invention which a publisher can produce. In a very practical and advantageous manner, the laying blocks according to the invention can thus be laid by a publisher with the same or intentionally predefined different distances from each other, by the publisher to the projections and sub-projections provided according to the invention on the stones in interlocking, laterally touching or abutting manner to each other sets. Due to the predefined projection of the respective projections and sub-projections beyond the outline of the laying block according to the invention, it is uniquely predefined which or which distances the laying blocks according to the invention can assume when the stones are each laid adjacent to one another.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the projection has a vertical extent which is less than a vertical extent of the stone, wherein the vertical extent of the projection preferably in the range of 30% to 95%, preferably in the range of 45% to 85% and more preferably in the range of 55% to 70% of the vertical extent of the stone. Advantageously, it is thus possible to place the respective projections and / or sub-protrusions in a lower region of the inventive laying, so that the projections and / or sub-protrusions in the laid state of the stone on the surface not visible, but by Grout material are covered. Furthermore, in this way by the deep-lying spacers a secure turf vegetation possible, the turf depth of the spacers may be for example 2.5 cm.

The projection and / or the sub-projection has in a laid state of the stone according to the invention a relative to a horizontal inclined top and / or Oberseitentangente, wherein the inclination in the range of 2 ° to 45 °, preferably in the range of 5 ° to 30 °, and more preferably in the range of 10 ° to 18 °. Due to such an inclination of the protrusion and / or the sub-protrusion joint material, which is introduced between the individual laid stones according to the invention, slip perfectly between the stones, which contributes to a solidification of a stone composite produced with these stones.

Thus, it is in the inventive laying stone to a stone that is ideal as a lawn and / or drainstone suitable.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is also achieved by a stone composite, wherein the stone composite comprises stones according to the above statements.

An essential point of the invention also consists in the fact that the inventive laying stones need not have a predefined uniform shape, but essentially any possible or desired shape or outer contour, respectively outline, can accept. Thus, the laying stone according to the invention is particularly well suited to laying stones with different outer contours to a stone composite.

The paving stones in question are still brought to the shape of a conveyor belt still wet by means of a siphon on pallets. On these the complete hardening of the stones takes place. The pallets are also used for transport to the construction site. The stones are therefore no longer transported bagged, but palletized. In an advantageous manner, the laying blocks according to the invention can thus already be arranged on the pallet in accordance with a later laying pattern, whereby the stones according to the invention are already placed in contact with each other and subsequently "interlocked" with each other and, if appropriate, with one another.

This predetermined on the pallet laying pattern, respectively, the already prescribed on the pallet stone composite or partial stone composite, according to the invention can be transferred as a whole from the range to the intended substrate. For this purpose, the stones forming the partial stone composite can be fixed against each other so that they do not slip against each other in a common lifting of the partial stone composite and the partial stone composite is retained during the transfer of the partial stone composite of the pallet on the intended substrate , so that as a result not individual stones are laid, but the at least two, but preferably several, inventive stones existing stone composite with the given laying pattern.

The fixation of the inventive stones against each other can be done for example by brackets, wherein manually or mechanically a lateral pressure is exerted on the stones of the partial stone composite, so that the partial stone composite is essentially handled as a unit without the stones of the partial stone composite slip against each other. At this point, it should be noted that the individual stones of the partial stone composite according to the invention only abut each other and optionally via their projections and / or sub-projections are in contact or are interlocked with each other, but not connected to each other via a pure investment together ,

The publisher of the stones on the site receives by the molded projections a requirement for the installation. The publisher no longer has to worry about the desired distances between the stones. These are given by the projections. He can easily the stones with very narrow or wider columns, i. so-called Drainfugen on the order of a maximum of about 1 cm or even with very large gaps, i. Lay so-called turf joints in the order of up to about 3 cm. Laying aids are not required.

The inventively provided columns allow a high infiltration rate (water infiltration). Even so-called "eco-surfaces" can be very easily laid because of the ability to form very large gaps between adjacent stones, namely, for example, up to about 3 cm.

The surface or the visible surface of the stones can be coated with a so-called intent. This intent can be artificially "aged" by simply tapping the surface.

The so-called additional, also referred to as "splines" sub-projections are preferably knobbed or tooth-like. Each projection has at least two spaced-apart sub-protrusions.

In this way, the stones can be laid with three different widths columns from each other. In any case, a kind of interlocking between juxtaposed stones. The stones can thus be laid very stable on the ground, in a predetermined manner, without a concrete laying pattern must be specified.

Thus, the invention and its advantages can be summarized as follows: With the laying of the invention all laying patterns can be realized with lawn and Drainfugen, which can have up to, for example, a maximum of 30 mm.

The inventive laying brick can be used for all stone variants, the materials of the invention laying brick are arbitrary, as long as these materials are suitable for a paving or a stone composite with the particular desired properties.

Due to the projections and / or sub-projections, the inventive stones on an integrated anti-displacement device, which is implemented by means of a toothing.

The toothing and different joint distances can be realized by a gear principle, wherein the cams, i. E. the projections of the gears, additional sub-projections, so-called "splines" may have. These juxtaposed polynomials (x2) serve as an additional toothing for the laying of a turf joint of max. 30 mm. The cams can also reach into the distances between the opposing cams of the stones. Then you get a Drainfuge with an average of 15 mm. If the cams partially engage in the distances and partly laterally on opposite cams, gap widths of different widths within a surface can be designed. The cams are arranged along secants that intersect two points of a circle. For example, on every second secant sits a cam. Thus, a secant is left between the cams. This gap is used to interlock a Drainfuge and / or for an open Rasenfuge.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is also achieved by using at least one stone according to the above for laying on a substrate as part of a stone composite, the stones for producing a stone composite with predetermined joint widths, namely, depending on whether a drain or a turf joint or a combined drain / turf joint, are to be arranged or placed relative to each other.

The predetermined joint width is in this case dependent on the assignment of the projections and / or sub-projections of each adjacent stones and individually adjustable and optionally also within a stone composite and / or partial stone composite variable.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for laying a stone composite using at least one stone, in particular of at least two stones, according to the above statements and according to the use described above.

According to the invention, the following steps are carried out to carry out the method in a laying of a stone composite using at least two stones: a) laying a first stone on a proper ground; and b) subsequently laying a second stone on the intended substrate adjacent to the first stone such that at least one projection and / or a sub-projection of the second stone to a projection and / or to a sub-projection and / or an outline , respectively, an outer contour of the first stone adjacent and / or in engagement with this, for example, with this toothed.

To supplement the stone composite other stones are accordingly and analogously to the aforementioned step b) are laid such that their at least one projection and / or sub-projection of a projection and / or a sub-projection and / or an outline an already laid stone or more already laid stones adjacent and / or with this / these engaged and anchored in this way, for example, toothed.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for laying a stone composite using at least one stone, in particular at least two stones, according to the above statements and according to a method described above or a use described above, wherein the stone composite in a first Step on a surface support, for example, on a pallet, generated, and the stone composite is then transferred in a further step by the surface support on a proper ground.

As already prescribed, the inventive laying stones of the stone composite produced on the surface support are for this purpose, for example by clasping, fixed against each other. In an advantageous manner, the proper laying stones, or a part-stone composite already produced in advance with these stones, can be laid automatically, with machine installation in particular being possible.

Furthermore, it should also be explicitly noted that the inventive laying bricks are not stored and transported in advantage in the way not as bulk or loose stone accumulation, but palletized and possibly already with a predetermined installation pattern. It should be noted that such a pallet-wise arrangement of the invention laying blocks allows stacking of the stones, which applies equally well for a possibly already produced in advance part-stone composite. Advantageous stack heights are according to the invention in the range of two to ten, but preferably five to eight layers.

Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The invention will be described with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Hereby shows:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an outline of a stone with marked secants in plan view.

2 shows a schematic representation of a stone according to the invention with identically formed projections in plan view;

3 is a schematic representation of a stone according to the invention with non-identically formed projections in plan view;

4 is a schematic representation of a laying pattern, or detail of a stone composite, which is produced with inventive laying stones, in a plan view;

5 is a schematic representation of another inventive stone with tooth-like projections in plan view;

6 is a schematic representation of a laying pattern, or detail of a stone composite, which is produced with inventive laying stones in a toothing arrangement, in a plan view; and

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of a laying pattern, respectively section of a stone composite, which is produced with inventive laying stones in abutting arrangement, in plan view.

In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for identical and equivalent parts.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an outline 20 of a stone with marked secants 30 in plan view. The secants 30 divide the outline 20 of the stone into respective sections, to which, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, projections 40 may be arranged.

In the case of FIG. 2, a schematic representation of a laying block 10 according to the invention is shown, which has identically formed projections 40, which in turn each have two sub-projections, namely so-called splines 60.

Claims (18)

claims 1. laying stone (10) with an outline (20), which is divided into an odd or even number of imaginary, equal and / or different secants (30), characterized in that the laying stone (10) in the circumferential direction in the area of at least one, preferably each second, secant (30) and / or in at least one area between two adjoining secants (30), one beyond the outline (20) of the stone (10), each adjacent to the secant (30) , Projection (40). 2. stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection (40) has a substantially uniform round, oval, rectangular, triangular or trapezoidal outer contour (50) which projects beyond the outline (20) of the stone (10). 3. stone according to claim 2, characterized in that the projection (40) on its outer contour (50) at least one, preferably at least two, nub, tooth and / or thorn-like sub-projection / sub-projections (60th ) having. 4. stone according to claim 3, characterized in that the projection (40) on the stone (10) and / or the sub-projection (60) is integrally formed on the projection (40). 5. Stone according to one of the preceding claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the stone (10), the projection (40) and the sub-projection (60) are integrally formed. 6. Stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projection (40) has a vertical extension which is less than a vertical extent of the stone (10), wherein the vertical extent of the projection (40) preferably in the range of 30% to 95 %, preferably in the range of 45% to 85%, and more preferably in the range of 55% to 70%, the vertical extent of the stone (10). 7. stone according to claim 6, characterized in that the projection (40) in a laid state of the stone (10) in a lower portion of the stone (10) is arranged. 8. Stone according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the projection (40) and / or the sub-projection (60) in a laid state of the stone (10) has a relative to a horizontal inclined upper side and / or Oberseitentangente wherein the inclination is in the range of 2 ° to 45 °, preferably in the range of 5 ° to 30 °, and more preferably in the range of 10 ° to 18 °. 9. Stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stone (10) is a turf and / or drainstone. 10. stone composite (70), characterized in that the stone composite stones (10) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9 comprises. 11. Use of at least one stone (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9 for laying on a substrate as part of a stone composite (70). 12. Use according to claim 11 for the preparation of a stone composite (70), in which the stones (10) with predetermined joint widths (drain or Rasenfuge) are arranged or placed to each other. 13. Use according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the predetermined joint width depending on the assignment of the projections (40) and / or sub-projections (60) of adjacent stones (10) individually adjustable and optionally within a stone composite (70 ) is variable. 14. A method for laying a stone composite (70) using at least one stone (10), in particular at least two bricks (10), according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9 and according to any one of the preceding claims 11 to 13. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that when laying a stone composite (70) using at least two bricks (10), the following steps are carried out: a) laying a first stone (10) on a substrate; and b) subsequently laying a second stone (10) on the substrate adjacent the first stone (10) such that at least one projection (40) and / or sub-projection (60) of the second stone (10) abuts a projection (40) and / or to a sub-projection (60) and / or to an outline (20) of the first stone (10) is adjacent and / or in engagement with this. 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that to supplement the stone composite (70) further stones (10) are laid according to and analogous to step b) such that at least one projection (40) and / or sub-projection (60 ) is adjacent to and / or engaged with a protrusion (40) and / or a sub-protrusion (60) and / or an outline (20) of an already laid stone or a plurality of already laid stones. 17. A method for laying a stone composite (70) using at least one stone (10), in particular of at least two bricks (10), according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9 and according to any one of the preceding claims 11 to 16, characterized that the stone composite (70) is produced in a first step on a surface support, for example on a pallet, and the stone composite (70) is then transferred in a further step by the surface support on a designated ground. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the stones (10) of the stone composite produced on the surface support (70), for example by clasping, are fixed against each other.