CH705757B1 - Sustainable detergents and cleaning agents. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to sustainable liquid or gel detergents and cleaners, characterized in that they contain one or more surfactants characterized by an exceptionally high proportion of long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals of more than 70% by weight and a proportion of unsaturated alkyl radicals of more than 50% and based on vegetable oils of the temperate zone, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains of surfactants contained in the middle. The detergents and cleaners are used for hard surfaces and / or textiles and fibers in household and commercial.

Description

Subject and / or technical area

The invention relates to sustainable liquid or gel detergents and cleaning agents, characterized in that they contain one or more surfactants which are characterized by an unusually high proportion of unsaturated, long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals and are based on vegetable oils of the temperate zone , as well as their use as detergents and cleaning agents for hard surfaces and / or textiles and fibers in households and businesses,

State of the art

[0002] Washing and cleaning agents mainly contain surfactants, molecules which are composed of a hydrophilic and a lipophilic part, as washing-active substances.

The lipophilic part of surfactants comes mainly from fossil or vegetable raw materials. The main demand for surfactants for detergents, care products and cleaning agents is today about 80% from fossil raw materials, i.e. covered mainly from petroleum. Due to the known effects on the climate, possible accidents during transport, the limited nature of such raw materials and the political situation in the producing countries, this increasingly represents an ecological, economic and political challenge (project group Renewable Raw Materials (2010: Action Day - FORUM WASCHEN from 07.07. 2010) For several decades, there have been efforts to produce detergents and cleaning agents based on renewable raw materials in order to establish a sustainability concept for these consumer goods. Current formulation concepts that dispense with the use of fossil raw materials are essentially based on palm and coconut oils and currently make up less than 20% of the surfactants used in the washing and cleaning sector (IKW [2010]: Status paper on the use of Palm [kern ] oil in WPR products, November 29, 2010). Oils from these tropical plants are primarily used because of their high content of fatty acids with average alkyl chain lengths of C10 – C14, whose surfactants are known for their good water solubility, positive foam behavior and high detergency.

Surfactants with an alkyl chain length of 12 carbon atoms (dodecyl, lauryl) are primarily used. The sustainability of these tropical oils is increasingly being called into question. It is feared that if the demand for palm oil continues to rise, valuable tropical forests in the producing countries will fall victim to the intensive cultivation of oil palms. In addition, such plantations are operated with massive use of herbicides and fertilizers. In order to promote the sustainable production and use of palm oil, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palmoil (RSPO) has adopted guidelines that stipulate that minimum social and ecological conditions must be met. However, this system is controversially discussed by NGOs and other organizations (WWF Germany [2007]: Rainforest for Biodiesel? Ecological Effects of the Energy Use of Palm Oil), since certification systems do not solve the fundamental problems. In addition to the challenges mentioned in the cultivation regions such as Indonesia, Philippines and Malaysia, the long transport routes to the main customer markets in Europe and North America contribute to an increase in the CO2 content in the atmosphere.

The use of local and / or regional oils from growing areas of the temperate zones as raw materials for detergents and cleaning agents, such as, for example, are therefore desirable for the conservation of natural resources and as a contribution to global climate protection. from geographical Europe. As a result, increased agricultural cultivation of industrial oilseeds is to be expected in the temperate zones, combined with a positive impact on the level of employment, trade balance, biodiversity, health and the environment.

It would therefore be advantageous for ecological, economic and socio-political reasons to have preparations available which are based on plant-based, renewable sources without fossil raw materials and contain neither palm (kernel) - or coconut oil-based surfactants.

In contrast to the saponification of vegetable oils for the production of bars of soap and the use of animal fats for washing purposes, a combination of surfactants based exclusively on vegetable oils from the temperate zones is not yet available due to technical restrictions.

Due to the high proportion of long-chain fatty acids (> C18), the fatty acid mixtures under consideration in known formulation concepts have poorer water solubility and poorer cleaning power. By far the most frequently used anionic surfactants are C12 compounds such as laurylbenzene sulfonate, lauryl ether sulfate or lauryl sulfate based on palm, coconut or petroleum. In addition, detergents made from surfactants with vegetable raw materials from the temperate zones - not least because of their large proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, which oxidize easily - place high demands on the stability of the formulation. Due to these technical limitations, the replacement of tropical C12 / C14 fatty acids by European fatty acids with chain lengths of 18 and more carbon atoms has been assessed as unlikely (Claude, Sylvain [1999]: Oleochemistry as an opportunity to consolidate the sustainable development of European oil crops - an updated prospect, Oléagineux, Corps Gras, Lipides, Volume 6, Issue 5, pp. 418-27).

The complex object of the invention was thus to formulate detergents and cleaning agents based on surfactants with vegetable raw materials of the temperate zones, on the one hand to shorten the transport routes of the raw materials and on the other hand to reduce the negative effects in the extraction of palm oil or by to reduce the use of petroleum. Cultivation and production of the raw materials should take place regionally as far as possible. Consequently, it was necessary to produce stable agents which contain a predominant proportion of surfactants with alkyl chain lengths of C> 18 and which are mostly unsaturated, as are primarily found in vegetable oils in the temperate zones.

Surprisingly, a way has now been found to formulate detergents and cleaning agents in a stable manner with a predominant proportion of surfactants, derived from alkyl chains with C> 18 and mostly unsaturated. Through a targeted, novel selection of surfactants in terms of alkyl chain lengths and degree of saturation, as well as combination with auxiliaries to stabilize the formulation and increase cleaning performance, such as complexing agents and vegetable saponins, contrary to expectations, stable agents with high cleaning performance were produced.

This invention thus makes it possible for the first time to formulate environmentally friendly detergents and cleaning agents based on oils from renewable raw materials from the temperate zones, which also have a pleasant odor even without the use of perfume oils.

This invention thus provides a detergent and cleaning agent which contains surfactants which are characterized by an unusually high proportion of unsaturated, long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals and are based on vegetable oils of the temperate zone.

In the context of the present invention, temperate zones are those climatic zones which are geographically located between the subtropics and the cold zone, such as, for example, geographical Europe.

The vegetable oils of the temperate zone mentioned in the context of the teaching according to the invention include vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins that are obtained from plants that either originally come from the temperate zones or come from plants that are in the temperate zones can be grown or thrive. These are preferably natural triglycerides with a fatty acid distribution of fatty acids with alkyl chains of 18 and more carbon atoms of more than 60% by weight, particularly preferably more than 70% by weight and very particularly preferably more than 80% by weight, and of Fatty acids with alkyl chains of 16 and fewer carbon atoms of less than 20% by weight, in particular of alkyl chains with 14 carbon atoms and less of less than 5% by weight, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in these triglycerides being above 50% by weight, preferably is more than 60% by weight and particularly preferably between 70 and 90% by weight, based on the total content of fatty acids in the vegetable oil.

In the context of the present invention - unless otherwise stated - based on vegetable oils representative of derivatives of fatty acids - purified or as a mixture - and / or their reaction products, such as fatty alcohols and their ethers and / or carboxy ethers, amines or fatty acid amides , Fatty acid esters and imines, such as, for example, amphoacetates.

Unless explicitly stated otherwise, in the context of the present invention, alkyl and acyl represent unbranched, saturated or unsaturated radicals.

Substances that also serve as ingredients of cosmetic agents are referred to below, if appropriate, in accordance with the International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient (INCI) nomenclature. The INCI names can be found in the “International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 13th Edition (2010)”. Publisher: The Personal Care Products Council.

Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the amounts given in percent by weight (wt .-%) relate to the entire agent. The percentages relate to the active content.

description

Description of the cleaning agent

Composition relating to fatty acids

For the purposes of this application, the agent according to the invention contains surfactants with lipophilic (fat-soluble) parts, which are characterized in that the surfactants carry a predominant proportion of alkyl chain lengths of 18 or more carbon atoms and are mostly unsaturated.

Surfactants suitable according to the invention are anionic, cationic, nonionic and / or zwitterionic surfactants, which are described in detail in this application in the section “Surfactants”.

The washing and cleaning agent according to the invention preferably contains one or more surfactants which are derived from vegetable oils, selected from the group comprising: a) fatty acids and their alkali or ammonium salts with the general formulas R (O) OH and R ( O) OM with M = alkali metal cation or ammonium, for example anionic surfactants such as soaps from alkali or ammonium salt (s) of fatty acids (soaps) and other b) fatty acid esters with the general formula R (O) OR ́, for example acyl isethionate, acyl lactylate, sulfonated Fatty acids, sulfonated fatty acid esters, such as sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters and sulfonated fatty acid methyl esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, and glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters with 1-20 glycerol units, carboxylic acid esters, sorbitan esters and other d) ethers of fatty alcohols with the general formula ROR, propoleoxylated fatty alcohols, propoleoxylated alcohols, for example, ethoxylated fatty alcohols, propoleoxylated alcohols, alcohols, propoleoxylated, fatty alcohols with the general formula ROR, for example, ethoxylated Glycolipids, such as alkyl polyglycosides with 1-10 glycoside units, alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl phosphates and alkyl ether phosphates, sulfosuccinate esters and other e) fatty acid amides with the general formula R (O) NR ', for example N-acylamino acid derivatives, such as, for example, N-acylaspartate, N-acylglycinate, N-acylalaninate, N Acyl sarcosinate or N-acyl glutamate, acylated polypeptides, N-acylaminosulfonic acids, such as N-acyl tauride, carboxamide ether sulfates, alkanolamine-carboxylic acid condensates, amidoalkylpyrrolidones, amidoamines and aminobetaines, acylated diamine acids and polyamines of the general formula f) and their salts (NR ́) NR ́ ́R ́ ́ ́, for example imidazole carboxylates or amphoacetates and others g) Primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary fatty amines or fatty ammonium salts of the general formulas RNH2, RHNR ́, RNR ́R ́ ́ and (R) (R ́ ) (R ́ ́) (R ́ ́ ́) N + X–, for example N-alkylaminopropionic acid, N-alkyliminodipropionic acid, N-alkylbetaines, sulfobetaines or sultaines, polyoxyethylene (POE) amines, quaternized POE amines, amine oxides, N-alkyltrialkylammonium chlorides, triethanolamine ester quats (TEAEQ), imidazolinium and dialkyldimethyl ammonium ester quats and others h) as well as mixtures thereof i) where R ́ to R ́ ́ ́ represent organic or inorganic radicals and at least one the radicals R ́ to R ́ ́ ́ forms the hydrophilic part of the surfactant, X– stands for an anion ii) where R represents the lipophilic part of the surfactant and consists of a linear, saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched alkyl radical with 8 to 24 carbon atoms and the proportion of alkyl chains of 18 or more carbon atoms is over 70% by weight, preferably between 80-100% by weight, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

In particular, the proportion of mono- and / or polyunsaturated alkyl chains R of the surfactants in the agent according to the invention is 50-100% by weight, preferably between 60-100% by weight and particularly preferably between 70-90% by weight , each based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

In addition, the agent can contain a smaller proportion of surfactants with shorter alkyl chains, so that the proportion of short alkyl chain lengths in the surfactants of R <= C16 below 20 wt .-%, preferably below 15 wt .-% and in particular < = C 14 is below 5% by weight, based in each case on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

Surfactants

The agent according to the invention contains one or more surfactants, that is to say surface and washing-active substances. Suitable surfactants for the agent according to the invention are surfactants from the classes of anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic and / or amphoteric surfactants, the lipophilic part of the surfactants preferably based on vegetable oils of the temperate zones, in particular based on natural fatty acid mixtures, see above as they occur in vegetable oils. From an application point of view, preference is given to anionic, nonionic and zwitterionic and / or amphoteric surfactants and combinations thereof.

Description of the lipophilic part of the surfactants

For the purposes of this application, the agent according to the invention contains surfactants with a lipophilic (fat-soluble) part of the surfactant based on vegetable oils of the temperate zones. In the context of the present invention - unless otherwise stated - based on vegetable oils is representative of derivatives of fatty acids - purified or as a mixture - and / or their reaction products, such as fatty alcohols and their ethers, amines or fatty acid amides or fatty acid esters.

Description of the hydrophilic part of the surfactants

Suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, soaps made from alkali or ammonium salt (s) of fatty acids (soaps), alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkane / alkene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates or fatty alcohol sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates with 2 to 6 ethylene oxide units (EO) in the ether part, and sulfosuccinates, Sulphosuccinic acid mono- and di-alkyl esters, α-olefin sulphonates, alkyl sulphoacetates, sulphonated fatty acids, sulphonated fatty acid esters, such as sulphonated fatty acid glycerol esters and sulphonated fatty acid methyl esters, alkyl phosphates and alkyl ether phosphates, phosphorus and alkyl ether phosphates, phosphorus and polyphosphoric acid esters, phosphorus and polyphosphoric acid esters, for example N-acylamino acid and polyphosphoric acid esters, such as N-acylamino acid derivatives, N-acyl amide ethers, such as, phosphorus and polyphosphoric acid esters, N-acylamino acid esters, N-acyl amide ethers, such as, for example, phosphorus and polyphosphoric acid esters, N-acylamino acid esters, N-acylamido-acylamate, such as N-acylamino acid esters, N-acyl amide ethersulphonates, sulfonated fatty acids, sulfonated fatty acids , N-acylalaninate, N-acyl sarcosinate or N-acyl glutamate, acylated polypeptides, N-acylaminosulphonic acids such as N-acyl tauride, alkyl isethionate, acyl isethionate, acyl lactylate, fatty alcohol carboxylate and alkyl polyglycol ether carboxylate or mixtures thereof.

The anionic surfactants can be in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts, and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or tri- or tetraalkylammonium, and in the form of their corresponding acid. Anionic surfactants are preferably used whose hydrophilic part is of vegetable origin, particularly preferably derived from plants of the temperate zone, such as N-acylamino acid derivatives, acylated polypeptides or fatty alcohol carboxylates.

Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants are alcohol polyglycol ethers and carboxylic acid polyglycol esters, i.e. ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols or carboxylic acids with 1-40 ethylene oxide (EO) and / or propylene oxide (PO) units, and their esters, such as ethoxylated fatty acid methyl esters or ethyl esters, amine oxides, polyethylene glycol mercaptans, glycolipids, such as alkyl polyglycosides with 1 -10 glycoside units, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, as well as glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters with 1-20 glycerol units, carboxylic acid esters, sorbitan esters, and alkoxylated sorbitan esters, alkanolamine-carboxylic acid condensates, N-alkylpyrrolidones, amido-2-pyrrolidones. Preference is given to using nonionic surfactants whose hydrophilic part is of vegetable origin, such as glycolipids, polyhydroxy fatty acid esters, glyceryl and polyglyceryl esters, carboxylic acid esters or sorbitan esters, preferably derived from plants of the temperate zone.

Suitable amphoteric and / or zwitterionic surfactants are, for example, N-alkylaminopropionic acids, alkyliminodipropionic acids, imidazole carboxylates, amphoacetates, N-alkylbetaines, amidoamines and amidobetaines, amine oxides, sulfobetaines and sultaines. Preferably amphoteric surfactants are used, the hydrophilic part of which is of natural origin and is not derived from petroleum.

Suitable cationic surfactants are, for example, primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary alkylammonium salts of the formula (RI) (RII) (RIII) (RIV) N + X-, in which Rl to RVI represent four identical or different alkyl radicals, branched and unbranched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted, and X– stand for an anion.

In addition to the surfactants mentioned here, the composition according to the invention can also contain surfactants based on animal fats, minerals or petrochemical oils and fats, such as, for example, silicones, siloxanes, pyrrolidones, polyglycol ethers.

The content of lipophilic alkyl radicals R of surfactants that are not based on vegetable oils is a maximum of 20% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, particularly preferably between 0 and 1% by weight, in the agent according to the invention, The petroleum- and palm-oil-free embodiment is extremely preferred, ie with a content of further surfactants at 0 wt .-%, each based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the agent.

Surfactants based on plants from temperate zones

The agent according to the invention contains 80-100% by weight, preferably more than 95% by weight, particularly preferably more than 99% by weight surfactants, extremely preferably 100% by weight surfactants based on vegetable oils of the temperate zones . % By weight - active content based on the total content of surfactants.

According to the invention, oils, waxes, fats or resins from the following preferred plant families and combinations thereof are suitable: birch plants, umbelliferous plants, foxtail plants, honeysuckle plants, pomegranate plants, buttercup plants, hemp plants, heather plants, heather plants, cabbage plants, St. John's wort plants, leguminous plants, St. John's wort plants Mint family, laurel family, mallow family, poppy family, evening primrose family, nightshade family, olive family, oleaginous family, predatory leaf family, rose family, sour grass, sapote family, sesame family, silver tree family, sesame family, silver tree family, simmondsiaceae family, saxophone family, saxophone family.

Exemplary representatives here are amaranth, anise, apple, apricot, arnica, avocado, cotton, borage, broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, boxwood, thistle, spelled, peanut, tiger nut, lilac, garden cress, barley, pomegranate, oats , Blueberry, elderberry, jasmine, currant, St. John's wort, jojoba, camellia, chamomile, caraway, carrot, coriander, mullein, krambe, cruciferous milkweed, pumpkin, Iberian scorpionfish, lavender, camelina, linseed, privet, lupine, alfalfa, corn, almond , Mirabelle plum, mango, poppy seed, evening primrose, olive, oil radish, rocket, pecan, peach, plum, pistachio, cranberry, rapeseed, rice, marigold, rapeseed, safflower, sage, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower, soy , Tobacco, walnut, grape, wheat, meadowfoam, wild rose and their combinations.

The oil is preferably selected from the group: broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, thistle, spelled, tiger nut, barley, cherry, mullein, krambe, cruciferous milkweed, pumpkin, Iberian dragon's head, camelina, linseed, lupine, alfalfa, Corn, poppy seeds, evening primrose, olive, oil radish, oil rocket, rape, rice, calendula, turnip rape, safflower, sage, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower, soy, tobacco, walnut, grape and wheat and their combinations.

The oil is very particularly preferably selected from the group of thistle, tiger nut, Krambe, Iberian scorpionfish, camelina, flaxseed, lupine, alfalfa, olive, oil radish, rapeseed, turnip rape, sesame leaf, sunflower, soy, grape and wheat and combinations thereof .

Use of native fatty acid mixtures

For the purposes of this application, the agent according to the invention preferably contains one or more classes of surfactants which are based on a mixture of alkyl chains of different chain length and degree of saturation, which correspond to the occurrence in natural oil. By using native fatty acid or fatty acid ester mixtures for the synthesis of the surfactant class - such as those obtained during saponification or alcoholysis of naturally occurring vegetable oils or fats - the surfactants can be produced cost-effectively, resource-efficiently and environmentally friendly in a one-batch process, including additional cleaning processes , such as the separation of the fatty acids or fatty acid esters by fractional distillation is not required here. In addition to the ecological and economic advantages through the use of natural fatty acid mixtures, the surfactant mixtures used showed technical advantages, such as an improved stability of the inventive agents and an increased cleaning performance.

In this case, some of the glycerol formed can remain in the product mixture, so that further complex cleaning processes can be dispensed with. The proportion of glycerol in the surfactant mixture is a maximum of 15% by weight, preferably below 13% by weight and very particularly preferably below 11% by weight, based on the total content of surfactants.

Additives & properties

Solvent The agent according to the invention can contain all solvents customary in detergents and cleaning agents. Exemplary solvents are the following compounds named according to INCI: Alcohol (ethanol), buteth-3, butoxy diglycol, butoxyethanol, butoxyisopropanol, butoxy propanol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, butylene glycol, butyloctanol, diethylene glycol, dimethoxy diglycol, dimethyl ether, Dipropylene Glycol, Ethoxydiglycol, Ethoxyethanol, Ethyl Hexanediol, Glycol, Hexanediol, 1,2,6-Hexanetriol, Hexyl Alcohol, Hexylene Glycol, Isobutoxypropanol, Isopentyldiol, Isopropyl Alcohol (iso-propanol), 3-Methoxybutanol, Methoxydiglycol, Methoxyisopropanol, Methoxymethylbutanol, Methoxy PEG-10, Methylal, Methyl Alcohol, Methyl Hexyl Ether, Methylpropanediol, Neopentyl Glycol, PEG-4, PEG-6, PEG-7, PEG-8, PEG-9, PEG-6 Methyl Ether, Pentylene Glycol, PPG-7, PPG-2-Buteth-3, PPG-2 Butyl Ether, PPG-3 Butyl Ether, PPG-2 Methyl Ether, PPG-3 Methyl Ether, PPG-2 Propyl Ether, Propanediol, Propyl Alcohol (n-Propanol ), Propylene Glycol, Propylene Glycol Butyl Ether, Propylene Glycol Pr opyl ether, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, trimethylhexanol. According to the invention, these solvents can be freely combined with other ingredients in a manner well known to the person skilled in the art.

In a preferred embodiment, solvents from the group of solvents which are obtained from vegetable raw materials of the temperate zones are used, such as, for example, ethanol from sugar beet.

Softeners and complexing agents, INCI chelating agents, sequestering agents A preferred component of the invention is the addition of a complexing agent. All complexing agents customary in detergents and cleaning agents are suitable according to the invention. These are able to bind metal ions and thus inactivate them in order to prevent their adverse effects on the stability or the appearance of the agents, for example cloudiness. On the one hand, it is important to bind the calcium and magnesium ions from hard water, which are incompatible with numerous ingredients, on the other hand, the complexation of heavy metals such as iron or copper delays the oxidative decomposition of the finished products and thus increases the stability of the products according to the invention. Furthermore, the complexing agents support the cleaning performance of the agents according to the invention. According to the invention, for example, softeners and complexing agents from the groups of phosphates and phosphonates, phyllosilicates, zeolites, carbonates and polycarboxylates, aminopolycarboxylic acids such as aminoacetic acids and polyaminoacetic acids and their salts, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their salts, polyglycosides and gluconic acids and their salts are suitable. For example, the following complexing agents designated in accordance with INCI are suitable: aminotrimethylene, phosphonic acid, beta-alanine diacetic acid, calcium disodium EDTA, citric acid, cyclodextrin, cyclohexanediamine tetraacetic acid, diammonium citrate, diammonium EDTA, diethylenetriamine, pentamethylene disodium phosphonic EDTA, dipotassium diphosphonic acid, dipotassium diphosphate , Disodium EDTA, Disodium Pyrophosphate, EDTA, Ethylenediamine- N, N ́-disuccinic acid (EDDS), Etidronic Acid, Galactaric Acid, Gluconic Acid, Glucuronic Acid, HEDTA, Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin, Methyl Cyclodextrin, Pentapotassium Aminobutethylene, triphosphate, pentapotassium phosphate tricarboxylic acid (PBTC), Pentasodium Ethylenediamine Tetramethylene Phosphonate, Pentasodium Pentetate, Pentasodium Triphosphate, Pentetic Acid, (DTPA), Phytic Acid, Potassium Citrate, Potassium EDTMP, Potassium Gluconate, Potassium Polyphosphate, Potassium Trisphosphonomethylamine Oxide, Potassium Trisphosphonomethylamine Oxide to Methylene Phosphonate, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Diethylenetriamine Pentamethylene Phosphonate, Sodium Dihydroxyethylglycinate, Sodium EDTMP, Sodium Gluceptate, Sodium Gluconate, Sodium Glycereth-1 Polyphosphate, Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Sodium Metaphosphate, Sodium Meta-phosphate, Sodium-Phosphorus-TE EDTA, TEA Polyphosphate, Tetrahydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine, Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine, Tetrapotassium Etidronate, Tetrasodium Iminodisuccinate (IDS), Tetrapotodium Pyrophosphate, Tetrasodium EDTA, Tetrasodium Ethylenediamine, Tetrasodium Phosphorus, Trasodium D, Trasodium, Trasodium, Trisodium D, Trisodium, Trisodium, Trisodium, Trisodium, Trisodium, Trisodium, Trisodium, Trisodium . These complexing agents can be freely combined with other ingredients mentioned here by the person skilled in the art.

Complexing agents based on renewable raw materials, such as, for example, beta-alanine diacetic acid, citric acid, cyclodextrin, diammonium citrate, galactaric acid, gluconic acid, glucoronic acid, methylcyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin, polyasparaginic acid, are particularly preferred in the detergent and cleaning agent according to the invention acid, Potassium Gluconate, Sodium Carboxymethyl inulin (NaCMI), Sodium Citrate, Sodium Dihydroxyethylglycinate, Sodium Gluconate, Sodium iminodisuccinate, Tetrasodium GLDA (l-glutamic acid, N, N-di [acetic acid], tetrasodium salt). The amount of complexing agents is usually up to 10% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 7% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 5% by weight. Active ingredient based on the total product.

Preservatives The agent according to the invention can contain all preservatives customary in detergents and cleaning agents, which the person skilled in the art can freely combine with other ingredients for the purposes of this application. According to the invention, for example, active ingredients from the groups of alcohols, aldehydes, antimicrobial acids or their salts, carboxylic acid esters, acid amides, phenols, phenol derivatives, diphenyls, diphenylalkanes, urea derivatives, oxygen and nitrogen acetals and formals, benzamidines, isothiazoles and their derivatives are suitable such as isothiazolinones, phthalimide derivatives, pyridine derivatives, surface-active compounds, guanidines, antimicrobial amphoteric compounds, quinolines, 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane, iodo-2-propynyl-butyl-carbamate, iodine, iodophores and peroxides.

The preservation of the agent according to the invention based on antimicrobial agents selected from ethanol, benzyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid and salts thereof, vegetable organic acids, glycerol, citric acid, lactic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, preferably in combination with one of the complexing agents preferred according to the invention is particularly preferred and / or adjustment of the pH value to a pH value <3 or> 9, which is unfavorable for microorganisms.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the detergent and cleaning agent is preservative-free.

The preservative-free embodiment, in which the agent according to the invention contains a combination of the following ingredients, with% by weight based on the total agent, is extremely preferred: a) Ethanol, up to 10% by weight, preferably between 1-8% by weight, and particularly preferably between 3 and 6% by weight, b) a complexing agent up to 10% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 7% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably selected from the group consisting of acetoacetic acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, polyaspartic acid, and alkali or alkali acids Alkaline earth salts, sodium carboxymethyl inulin (NaCMI), tetrasodium GLDA (tetrasodium-N, N-bis [carboxylatomethyl] -L-glutamate) and particularly preferably NaCMI and tetrasodium GLDA. % By weight active content based on the total agent.

Foam In general, the agents according to the invention show less foaming than conventional agents based on short-chain alkyl surfactants, which are typically C8-C16, with C12 being the most common alkyl chain length on the market. Less foaming is desirable for a large number of applications, such as, for example, machine cleaning in dishwashers or washing machines. A further advantage of the detergent and cleaning agent composition according to the invention is thus low foaming. Furthermore, foaming agents can additionally be added to the agents according to the invention, in particular for embodiments for which more foam formation is desired than is usually achieved with long-chain surfactant mixtures. On the one hand, the foam formation is influenced by the choice of surfactants. For embodiments with the desired foam formation, combinations with highly foaming surfactants, for example amino acid derivatives of fatty acids, such as glycinates, alanates, taurates, or sarcosinates, are preferably used. Amphoteric surfactants such as betaines, imidazole carboxylates or alkenylaminopropionic acids are also suitable for good foam formation. Another preferred embodiment of the agent according to the invention contains saponins as foaming agents and detergency boosters. Saponins are natural glycosides that are widely used as plant ingredients. They are also known as auxiliary colloids, which have an emulsifying effect and thus facilitate the removal of, for example, fat particles from surfaces or textiles in the agent according to the invention.

For example, saponins from the Indian soap nut (Sapindus mukorossi), Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng), agave plants, Inca cucumber (Cyclanthera pedata), liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabral) and soap bark (Quillaja saponaria Molina) are suitable. Saponins which are common in plants of the temperate zone are particularly preferably used in the agent according to the invention. These are saponins from the following preferred plants: ivy (Hedera), cowslip (Primula veris), chickweed (Stellaria media), forest sanickel (Sanicula europaea), thorny grouse (Ononis spinosa), legumes (Leguminosae), spinach ( Spinacia), asparagus (Asparagaceae), oats (Avena), (Ononis spinosa), shadow flowers (Maianthemum bifolium), soapwort (Saponaria officinalis), walnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), Acker-Gauchheil (Anagallis arvensis), yellow hollow tooth (Gale arvensis) , Carthusian carnation (Dianthus carthusianorum), field horsetail (Equisetum arvense). The amount of saponins is usually up to 5% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 3% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 2% by weight. (% By weight of active ingredient based on the total agent.) The saponins can be freely combined with other ingredients in the agent according to the invention.

[0050] pH adjusting agents The pH value of the agent according to the invention can be adjusted by means of conventional pH regulators, with different pH ranges from acidic (pH 1-4) to neutral (pH 5-7) to basic (pH 8-11) depending on the application. can be set. Acids and / or alkalis are used as pH adjusting agents. Suitable acids are in particular organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and gluconic acid or amidosulfonic acid. Acids obtained from vegetable raw materials such as acetic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid and tartaric acid as well as the mineral acids hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid or mixtures thereof are particularly preferred. Preferred bases come from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and carbonates. In addition, the agent can contain ammonia and alkanolamines.

Solubilizers In addition to the substances already mentioned, the agents according to the invention can also contain solubilizers, so-called hydrotropes. All substances commonly used in cleaning agents for this purpose can be used here.

Builders Builders that may be contained in the detergents and cleaning agents are, in particular, silicates, aluminum silicates (especially zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances. Crystalline, layered sodium silicates with the general formula NaMSixO2x + 1 H2O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values are suitable for the detergents and cleaning agents according to the invention for x are 2, 3 or 4. Preferred crystalline sheet silicates of the formula given are those in which M stands for sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3 Amorphous sodium silicates with a Na2O: SiO2 module of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8, and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, can also be used. Zeolite A and / or P can preferably be used as the finely crystalline, synthetic zeolite containing bound water. However, zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are also suitable. In addition, the generally known phosphates can also be used as builders, provided that such use should not be avoided for ecological reasons. The sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and, in particular, tripolyphosphates are particularly suitable. Organic builders, which are usually used in detergents and cleaning agents, are also suitable. These include polycarboxylate polymers such as polyacrylates and acrylic acid / maleic acid copolymers, polyaspartates and monomeric polycarboxylates such as citrates, gluconates, succinates or malonates, which are preferably used as sodium salts. The builders can be freely combined with other ingredients in the agent according to the invention by the person skilled in the art. Builders based on renewable raw materials which can be obtained from plants of the temperate zone, such as polyaspartates, polycarboxylates such as citrates, and gluconates, succinates or malonates, are particularly preferred in the washing, care and cleaning agents according to the invention.

Colors and fragrances In order to improve the aesthetic impression of the agent according to the invention, all fragrances and dyes customary in detergents and cleaning agents can be added to the agent according to the invention. Preferred dyes and fragrances, the selection of which poses no difficulty to the person skilled in the art, have a long shelf life and are insensitive to the other ingredients of the detergents or cleaning agents. The dyes show no pronounced substantivity towards textile fibers or hard surfaces and do not stain them. Dyes and fragrances based on natural raw materials, such as extracts from plants, preferably from the temperate zones, are particularly preferred. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, neither dyes nor fragrances are added. Even without the addition of dyes or fragrances, the agents have satisfactory aesthetics and a pleasant fragrance, in order to enable embodiments without dyes and / or fragrances, for example for consumers with allergies and / or sensitive skin.

Enzymes The agent can also contain enzymes which improve the cleaning performance of the agents according to the invention even at lower temperatures, in particular in the embodiments of textile, special and dish washing. The enzymes can be combined in the agent according to the invention by the person skilled in the art with all of the other ingredients mentioned here. Proteases, lipases, amylases, hydrolases and / or cellulases are preferably used. They can be added to the agent according to the invention in any form established according to the prior art. In the case of liquid or gel-form agents, this includes in particular solutions of the enzymes, preferably highly concentrated, low in water and / or mixed with stabilizers. Furthermore, the enzymes can be used encapsulated, for example by spray drying or extrusion of the enzyme solution together with a, preferably natural, polymer or in the form of capsules. In solid formulations, additional active ingredients, for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleaches or dyes, can also be applied in superimposed layers. In order to protect an enzyme contained in an agent according to the invention from damage such as, for example, inactivation, denaturation or disintegration, for example due to physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage, enzyme stabilizers can be added to the enzyme-containing agent. Depending on the type of enzyme used, the following are suitable as enzyme stabilizers: benzamidine hydrochloride, borax, boric acids, boronic acids or their salts or esters, especially derivatives with aromatic groups, such as substituted phenylboronic acids or their salts or esters; Peptide aldehydes, amino alcohols such as mono-, di-, triethanol- and propanolamine and mixtures thereof, aliphatic carboxylic acids up to C12, such as succinic acid, other dicarboxylic acids or salts of the acids mentioned; end-capped fatty acid amide alkoxylates; lower aliphatic alcohols and especially polyols, for example glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or sorbitol; as well as reducing agents and antioxidants such as sodium sulfite and reducing sugars. Further suitable stabilizers are known from the prior art. Combinations of stabilizers are preferably used which are based on renewable raw materials, in particular on vegetable raw materials, including algae of the temperate zone and / or mineral substances, for example boric acid and / or borax, reducing sugars, succinic acid or other dicarboxylic acids, especially based on polyamino compounds of natural amino acids. Another preferred embodiment of the invention is an enzyme-free variant which is suitable, for example, for consumers with allergies and / or sensitive skin.

Viscosity The liquid or gel-like embodiment of the agent according to the invention preferably has a viscosity of 0.4 to 400 mPa.s. on. For this purpose, the agent can contain viscosity regulators. The amount of viscosity regulators is usually up to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.3% by weight, in particular 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, extremely preferably 0.05 to 0.15% by weight .-%. % By weight of active ingredient based on the total agent.

Suitable viscosity regulators are, for example, organic modified natural substances (carboxymethyl cellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl and propyl cellulose and the like, flour ethers), organic fully synthetic thickeners (polyacrylic and polymethacrylic compounds, vinyl polymers, polycarboxylic acids, polyethers, polyimines, polyamides) and inorganic ones Thickeners (polysilicic acids, layered silicates, clay minerals such as montmorillonites, zeolites, silicic acids), as well as organic natural thickeners (agar-agar, carrageenan, xanthan, tragacanth, gum arabic, alginates, pectins, polyoses, guar flour, locust bean gum, gelatine, dextrins , Casein). Preferred viscosity regulators are natural organic thickeners made from vegetable raw materials - including algae from the temperate zone - for example polysaccharides such as pectins or starch. Biotechnologically produced thickeners with the aid of non-genetically modified organisms (non-GMO), such as xanthan gum, are also preferred. Inorganic thickeners are also preferred. For the agent according to the invention, the person skilled in the art can freely combine the viscosity regulators with other ingredients mentioned here.

Other ingredients In addition to the components mentioned so far, the agent according to the invention can contain other usual ingredients of cleaning agents, as well as combinations of the same, also with the aforementioned ingredients, for example • fillers and auxiliaries such as adsorbents, bittering agents, bleaching agents, ironing aids, further bases, further acids, anti-enema agents, film formers , neutral filler salts, other builders, lubricants, hydrotropes, other solvents and solubilizers, opacifiers, polymers, buffers, swelling agents, organic and inorganic salts, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, co-surfactants, viscosity regulators, waxes. Process chemicals: such as glycerine, which may be contained in the agent according to the invention as a by-product of the saponification reaction of natural vegetable oils. This is particularly the case in the preferred embodiment, the implementation of the resource-efficient and cost-efficient process of producing the native fatty acids in situ and allowing the fatty acid mixture to react immediately to form the surfactant (one-batch process). • Functional agents and active substances such as abrasives, anti-redeposition agents, antistatic agents, bleach activators, disinfectants, color transfer inhibitors, other enzymes, fluorescent agents, fungicides, germicides, skin protection and skin care agents, hydrophilizing agents, impregnating agents, insecticides, optical anti-crease agents, oxidizing agents, corrosion inhibitors, anti-crease agents , Perfume carriers, repellants, probiotic ingredients, anti-slip agents, UV absorbers, graying inhibitors, laundry sticks. • Stabilizers such as antioxidants, other antimicrobial agents and other preservatives, • fragrances and dyes • and mixtures thereof.

Detergents and cleaning agents

This application relates to agents for cleaning hard surfaces and / or textiles and fibers that are found in households, industry, trade or institutions, port facilities, as well as industrial and leisure and sports facilities, and which have an exceptionally high proportion characterized by unsaturated, long-chain (> C18) alkyl radicals and based on vegetable oils from the temperate zone.

Hard surfaces for the purposes of this application are windows, mirrors and other glass surfaces, surfaces made of ceramic, plastic, metal or wood, both painted and unpainted.

In a preferred embodiment, the agents according to the invention are used in applications that do not allow complex treatment of the cleaning liquor, for example because the surfactants are used in nature without access to treatment plants, such as in port facilities and on ships or in oil production and in mining.

In a further preferred embodiment, the agents according to the invention are used in industry, for example for cleaning industrial plants, e.g. in the metalworking industry, chemical and pharmaceutical, paper and textile industries and the like.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the agents are used in the household for cleaning hard surfaces and / or textiles, as well as in the commercial or institutional area, such as in hotels, cleaning companies, clinics or public buildings.

The inventive agents are suitable for cleaning and washing preparations such as hand soaps, hand dishwashing detergents, machine dishwashing detergents, toilet cleaners or toilet cleaners, universal or all-purpose cleaners, kitchen cleaners, bathroom or sanitary cleaners, floor cleaners, oven cleaners or Grill cleaners, glass and window cleaners, metal cleaning agents, upholstery and carpet cleaners, heavy duty detergents, color detergents, mild detergents, textile auxiliaries, pre-treatment agents, special detergents and cleaning agents, as well as other agents for industrial and commercial or institutional cleaning, agents for textile and fiber treatment, Means of leather treatment and other forms of preparation.

The detergents and cleaning agents are suitable both for dilute use and for direct application to the substrate to be cleaned.

For the purposes of this application, the agent can be used in liquid form as an aqueous solution, spray or foam.

Embodiments

The cleaning agents and detergents according to the invention were formulated, and exemplary compositions are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The quantities given are in% by weight of active substance based on the total agent.

The soaps used for the invention, such as, for example, olive fatty acids, triethanolamine salt; Lentilized fatty acids, sodium salt; Safflower fatty acids, Sodium salt, Canola fatty acids, sodium salts, Sodium grapeseed amphoacetate, Glycereth-8 sunflower oil esters, Almond oil polyglyceryl-4 esters, Sodium olive amphoacetate were produced from fatty acids, their mixtures or vegetable oils using conventional methods known from the literature . Other raw materials are commercially available, such as, for example, Disodium Wheatgermamido PEG-2 Sulfosuccinate and Oleamide MIPA from Rhodia, Soyamidopropyl betaine from Lubrizol; PEG-4 Rapeseed-amide, Oleth-6-carboxylate, PEG-40 Sunflower Glycerides, Oleth-20, Oleth-10, Oleth-5 from Kao; Sodium carboxy-methyl inulin from Thermophos, Oleoyl sarcosine from Nikko Chemicals, Glutaminic acid, N, N-diacetic acid, tetra sodium salt from Akzo, Sodium methyl oleoyl taurate from Leuna Tensiden.

Testing the stability and cleaning performance using example 2, table 1:

With Example 2, a preservative-free, perfume-free and dye-free variant was produced.

A) Challenge test

The non-preserved variant was inoculated with bacteria and yeast according to methods customary in the industry and the microbial growth was measured over time. Example 2 withstood the microbial inoculation and, even after an observation period of 13 days, showed no difference to the preserved comparison samples with regard to bacterial or fungal attack. The following comparison samples were produced: a) Formulation example 2 with methyl and benzisothiazolinone (0.1% Acticide® MBS 225 from Thor) b) Formulation example 2 with methyl and benzisothiazolinone (0.2% Acticide® MBS 225 from Thor) c) Formulation example 2 with phenoxyethanol (1% Microcare® PE from Thor) d) Formulation example 2 without preservatives

Result:

In none of the four agents a) -d) could microbial infestation be found (13 days after inoculation with yeast and bacteria).

B) cleaning performance

The cleaning performance of formulation example 2 according to the invention was tested by an independent institute using a market-leading product as a reference. The cleaning performance was tested according to standard industrial methods with regard to the removal of lime and protein residues (egg yolk).

Results: Example 2 showed a good cleaning performance on lime and protein residues, which can be compared with leading market products.

The detergent and cleaning agent can be used as hand soap, hand dishwashing detergent, machine dishwashing detergent, toilet cleaner or toilet cleaner, universal or all-purpose cleaner, kitchen cleaner, bathroom or sanitary cleaner, floor cleaner, oven or grill cleaner, glass or cleaner. Window cleaners, metal cleaning agents, upholstery and carpet cleaners, heavy duty detergents, color detergents, mild detergents, textile auxiliaries, pretreatment agents, agents for industrial and commercial or institutional cleaning, agents for textile and fiber treatment, agents for leather treatment, agents for the metalworking industry and special detergents and - detergents are used.

Claims (11)

Liquid or gel detergents and cleaners, characterized in that they contain one or more surfactants selected from the groups comprising: a) fatty acids and their alkali metal or ammonium salts with the general formulas R (O) OH or R (O) OM with M = alkali metal cation or ammonium b) fatty acid esters having the general formula R (O) OR d) ethers of fatty alcohols having the general formula ROR e) fatty acid amides having the general formula R (O) NR f) fatty acid imines of the general formula R (NR) NR R g) Primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary fatty amines or fatty ammonium salts of the general formulas RNH 2, RNHR, RNR R and (R) (R) (R) (R) N + X- h) and mixtures thereof in which i) R to R represent organic or inorganic radicals and at least one of the radicals R to R forms the hydrophilic part of the surfactant and X- represents an anion; ii) R is the lipophilic part of the surfactant and consists of a linear, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl radical having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and the proportion of alkyl chains of 18 and more carbon atoms is above 70 wt .-%, respectively based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants present in the middle; and the proportion of unsaturated alkyl radicals R is between 50 and 100% by weight, based in each case on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants present in the middle; and wherein the one or more surfactants are based on vegetable raw materials and 80-100% by weight of the surfactants are based on vegetable oils, waxes, fats or resins of the temperate zone selected from the group comprising: amaranth, anise, apple , Apricot, arnica, avocado, cotton, borage, broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, boxwood, thistle, spelled, peanut, tigernut, lilac, garden cress, barley, pomegranate, oat, blueberry, elderberry, jasmine, currant, St. John's wort, jojoba , Camellia, Chamomile, Cumin, Carrot, Coriander, Mullein, Krambe, Cross-leaved Spurge, Pumpkin, Iberian Dragon's Head, Lavender, Camelina, Linseed, Privet, Lupine, Alfalfa, Corn, Almond, Mirabelle, Mango, Poppy, Evening primrose, Olive, Oil radish , Okra, pecan, peach, plum, pistachio, cranberry, rape, rice, calendula, turnip, safflower, sage, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower, soybean, tobacco, walnut, grape, wheat, meadowfoam ut, wild rose and their combinations; preferably selected from the group comprising: broccoli, hemp, hazelnut, beech, thistle, spelled, tigernut, barley, cherry, mullein, Krambe, cross-leaved spurge, pumpkin, Iberian scorpionfish, camelina, linseed, lupine, alfalfa, corn, poppy, evening primrose , Olive, oil radish, oil rape, oilseed rape, rice, marigold, turnip rape, safflower, sage, sea buckthorn, black cumin, sesame, sesame leaf, mustard, sunflower, soya, tobacco, walnut, grape and wheat, and combinations thereof; most preferably, the oil is selected from the group comprising: thistle, tigernut, cricket, Iberian dragon head, camelina, linseed, lupine, alfalfa, olive, oil radish, rapeseed, turnip, sesame leaf, sunflower, soy, grape and wheat and combinations thereof; and wherein the one or more surfactants have a distribution of alkyl chains of different chain length and degree of saturation corresponding to the presence in the vegetable oil, wax, fat or resin of the temperate zone; and wherein at least one surfactant is present, which is not a soap and wherein the wt .-% here are based on the total content of surfactants. 2. Washing and cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of short alkyl chain lengths in the surfactants of R <= C16 below 20 wt .-%, preferably below 15 wt .-% and in particular <= C 14 below 5 wt .-%, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the middle. 3. Washing and cleaning agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lipophilic part R of the surfactant consists of a linear, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl radical having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and the proportion of alkyl chains of 18 and more C atoms between 80-100 wt .-%, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains R of the surfactants contained in the middle. 4. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the content of the surfactant or surfactants based on vegetable oils, waxes, greases or fats of the temperate zone more than 95 wt .-% and preferably 99-100 Wt .-%, here based on the total content of surfactants. 5. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of unsaturated alkyl radicals R between 60-100 wt .-% and preferably between 70-90 wt .-% is, in each case based on the total content of alkyl chains R the surfactants contained in the middle. 6. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washing and cleaning agent additionally a complexing agent up to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 7 wt .-%, in particular 0.01 to 5 parts by weight. %, preferably selected from the group consisting of acetoacetic acid, citric acid, gluconic acid, polyaspartic acid and their alkali or alkaline earth salts, sodium carboxymethyl inulin (NaCMI), tetrasodium GLDA (tetrasodium N, N-bis [carboxylatomethyl] -L-glutamate) and especially prefers NaCMI and tetrasodium GLDA; Wt .-% active content here based on the total agent. 7. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is preservative-free. 8. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally contains the following ingredients: a) ethanol, up to 10 wt .-%, preferably between 1-8 wt .-%, and particularly preferably between 3 and 6 wt .-%; Particularly preferred is ethanol, which is obtained from vegetable raw materials of the temperate zones, particularly preferably sugar beet; b) a complexing agent up to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 7 wt .-% each active content based on the total agent. 9. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washing and cleaning agent additionally saponins up to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 3 wt .-%, in particular 0.01 to 2 wt .-% contains; Wt .-% here each active content based on the total mean. 10. Washing and cleaning agent according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the washing and cleaning agent additionally contains one or more further ingredients of detergents and cleaners, preferably selected from the group comprising fillers and auxiliaries, process chemicals, glycerol, functional Agents and active ingredients, stabilizers, fragrances and dyes. 11. Use of a washing and cleaning agent containing one or more surfactants according to one of the preceding claims for cleaning hard surfaces of glass, mirrors, ceramics, plastics, metal, wood, each painted and unpainted, textiles, fibers, rock, earth in the areas of household, industry, commerce, institutions, port, sports and leisure facilities, oil and mining; particularly preferred in the household and commercial sectors.