CH684102A5 - Method and apparatus for stabilizing roads on slopes. - Google Patents

Description

1

CH 684 102 A5

2nd

description

The invention relates to a method defined in the preamble of independent claim 1 and to a device used to carry it out.

Traffic-related requirements, such as widening of the carriageway, changes in the route, noise protection measures and others lead to considerations with regard to the formation of support structures in steep terrain that tends to slide.

For the most part, old traffic routes are in such a state that they no longer have any significant stability reserves due to their original geometry and today's demands. The widening of carriageways on slopes requires securing jumps in the terrain, such as with cuts and fillings, if a stable slope is not possible.

These jumps in the terrain are secured by retaining walls that are exposed to and must withstand earth pressure.

A distinction is made between dry, heavyweight and angle retaining walls according to their design and shape. Special forms are the retaining walls with cantilever plates, anchored walls and retaining walls. Retaining walls are generally made of reinforced or unreinforced concrete.

For reasons of stability, such retaining walls have a widened base with a wide footprint, which in turn is to be founded on a stable base. Depending on the depth of the foundation and the dimensioning of the wall base, the construction of the wall requires a correspondingly large excavation pit (slope or slope cut).

Especially in steep and slippery terrain, there is a risk that the construction of the construction pit for the planned retaining wall will cause instability in the traffic route to be widened or that landslides will be triggered, which are extremely detrimental to people and the environment.

To prevent this, costly security measures such as e.g. Anchors and other things are taken.

An example of such a stabilization device, which is produced using a conventional method, is shown schematically in FIG. 1. In order to create them, the excavation pit B must first be excavated in the area of the roadway F to be widened or stabilized, the soil accumulating not only having to be removed with heavy equipment, but also subsequently being transported to a landfill. The depth T of the excavation pit B should in any case extend beyond at least existing or potential sliding surfaces G, so that a concrete retaining wall M can be built on the excavation pit base S. For this retaining wall M, on the one hand, a large amount of concrete is required, which is difficult to obtain in the mostly mountainous terrain, while, on the other hand, the backfilling of the construction pit space H delimited by the retaining wall M also requires a large amount of material to be transported.

It is the object of the present invention to propose a method for creating a device of the type defined at the outset, which is composed of simple components and can be produced in a cost-effective, simple and, above all, safe manner compared to conventional methods. This is intended to rule out disadvantages of the conventional method by eliminating stability-reducing interventions in the terrain, such as those that occur when building excavation pits (slope cuts). Furthermore, the facility created according to the new method should be more cost-effective, require less building material and fewer transports and be able to be realized with small and light construction equipment without any noteworthy digging work.

This object is achieved by the method defined in the characterizing part of independent patent claim 1 and the device used to carry it out, as defined in the characterizing part of patent claim 4.

In contrast to the conventional method, this stabilization device, which was created according to the criteria of the present invention, has the following advantages:

- The procedure can be carried out without any significant or short-term traffic obstruction, since the traffic routes only have to be interrupted during the drilling and ramming work for the steel piles.

- The relatively small steel piles up to 30 cm in diameter, which are preferably designed as small injection piles, can be installed in a short time without the aid of large construction machines and adapted to the local conditions.

- When cutting the embankment step-by-step, there is an exceptionally small amount of earth removal.

- Since no construction pit securing is required, special security measures are not necessary.

- Compared to the conventional stabilization method with retaining wall, the concrete consumption is reduced by 50%.

- The required backfill material is also very low, since only the space between the existing step-like embankment and the retaining wall created has to be filled.

An example of the method according to the invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. Show it:

2 shows a simplified illustration of a traffic route running on a slope at risk of slipping before it is widened,

3 to 6 different, chronologically successive phases of the widening and simultaneous stabilization of the traffic route by means of the method according to the invention and

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment.

2, a roadway F runs along a slope B at risk of slipping, the molasse course of which, for example rock, is denoted by K.

5

10th

15

20th

25th

30th

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

2nd

3rd

CH 684 102 A5

4th

An existing or potential sliding surface G is indicated by dash-dotted lines. The roadway F is now to be widened on the valley side and secured against slipping.

As shown in FIG. 3, the topsoil adjacent to the roadway F is first removed in such a way that there is preferably a step-shaped incision with one or more intermediate steps 1 and a sole S. Small piles 2 are now rammed or drilled into the subsurface of the sole S at mutual intervals a so deep that they penetrate the sliding surfaces Gì and G2 and that their lower sections 2a rest on a firm ground. The upper sections 2b of the small piles 2 which protrude upward from the sole S are held on one or more inclined piles 3, the front ends 3a of which comprise the small piles 2 and whose construction corresponds essentially to that of the small piles 2 to be described.

The vertical small piles 2 and inclined piles 3 can, for example, be simple steel piles, possibly provided with side barbs, which are driven into or drilled into the ground. However, the known injection piles are preferably used for this, i.e. Steel pipes, through the lateral openings of which cement milk is led into the surrounding earth E, which slowly seeps into the earth and forms a consolidated zone 4 around the lower pile section 2a. The same applies to the inclined piles 3.

Another important function of the upper small pile sections 2b is that the reinforcing bars 5 (FIG. 4) for the concrete retaining wall M to be built are attached to them, i.e. welded or otherwise connected.

The exposed end sections of the inclined piles 3 can either be anchored to the upper sections 3a of the vertical piles 2 or else directly in the concrete of the wall M to be created.

The retaining wall M can be created in a known manner by means of a formwork and the space between the same and the road embankment can be backfilled with a material H. For reasons of better stability and corrosion protection, the material H in the area of the inclined piles 3 can consist of concrete.

After the space mentioned has been filled and the road surface has been supplemented accordingly, the road F can be loaded over its full width. The upper sections 2b of the vertical small piles 2 can be used, for example, to create a railing. 7 they form the supports for a noise barrier L laterally delimiting the roadway F.

Claims (10)

Claims 1. A method for stabilizing traffic routes along slippery slopes, in particular with regard to their widening, changing the lines and noise insulation, characterized in that a) in the mountain and / or valley side of the Traffic route first by deducting the Top of the existing embankment, an incision is made with a practically horizontal sole, b) a series of steel piles are practically vertically inserted into the slope surface in the base so that they penetrate existing or potential sliding surfaces, c) the sections of the steel piles protruding from the ground are connected to the steel reinforcement of a concrete retaining wall to be constructed, d) the aforementioned concrete retaining wall is built and e) the space between the concrete retaining wall and the embankment is backfilled. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the protruding from the ground sections of the vertical steel piles are connected with inclined piles of steel driven obliquely into the slope soil in order to secure the vertical steel piles on the one hand and at the same time stabilize unstable soil material. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the topsoil is removed so that there is a step-like slope, the bottom step of which forms the sole. 4. Device for stabilizing traffic routes along slippery slopes, for carrying out the method according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized by a series of practically vertical steel piles (2) introduced into the bottom (S) of said embankment, the latter from the ground protruding sections (2b) are connected to the steel reinforcement (5) of a concrete retaining wall (M) built on said base (S). 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the said steel piles (2) are designed as injection piles, through the inside of which cement milk can seep into the soil surrounding them. 6. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that the sections (2b) of the vertical steel piles (2) projecting from the ground are secured at the free ends of inclined piles (3) driven into or drilled into the slope ground. 7. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the ends of inclined piles (3) rammed or drilled into the embankment soil are anchored within the concrete of said concrete retaining wall (M). 8. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the space between the concrete retaining wall (M) and the traffic route embankment is backfilled with concrete at least in the area of the inclined piles (3). 9. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that said concrete retaining wall (M) carries a noise barrier (L). 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper sections (2b) of the vertical steel piles (2) serve as supports for the noise barrier (L). 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 3rd