CH632209A5 - Machine for emptying crates filled with loose material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a machine for the gentle emptying of bulk goods, e.g. Fruits, vegetables or the like.

For machine filling and packaging of fruits, e.g. Apples or oranges, which are delivered in harasses, have to be fed into the fruit at a relatively high level. It has hitherto been known to dump the fruits from the harasses into a trough, from where they are conveyed up by means of a conveyor belt. The empty harass must then be put away. This dumping is a laborious physical job.

It has already been proposed to lift and tilt the harass by means of a hydraulic device. As with hand tipping, the top fruits always roll over the bottom fruits in Harass and fall out from a relatively high distance. Afterwards the bottom fruits fall on the already dumped fruits. This impact of the fruit on each other and on a surface leads to undesirable damage.

The aim of the invention is gentle and rational emptying with the greatest possible reduction in manual labor.

This is achieved according to the invention in a machine mentioned at the outset by a drum which can be rotated about a horizontal axis and has a plurality of holders for at least one harass each, and work stations with means for inserting the harass into the holder, emptying the harass and extending the emptied harass.

The rotary drum with its various work stations provides the basic structure of a drum turret machine with a continuous workflow.

Each holder, preferably four in the drum, has the same structure. It has a base plate with which it takes over the harass from a conveyor belt in the first work station. The harass is positioned laterally against the other side wall by a side wall that narrows backwards. In the transition from the second work station to the third work station, which is diametrically opposite the first station, the harass is tilted. By arranging a lid that is fixed relative to the harass, the fruits cannot fall out, but only move as far as the harass is not fully filled.

The actual emptying takes place in the third station. The lid, which is now below the harass, is lowered on its narrow side so that the fruits, first the lowest, near the opening, roll out on the lid and reach the conveyor chute. After the fruit has completely rolled out, the drum continues to rotate. The empty harass is tilted by a further 90 ° and now lies at the fourth station on the sloping side wall already mentioned. The Harass slides out of the rotating drum onto an ejection slide.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show it:

1 is a schematic front view of a machine for emptying harasses,

Fig. 2 is a side view of the partially cut machine and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine, only a part of the elements of the machine being shown for simplicity.

The rotating drum of the machine consists of two tires 1 which are connected to one another by struts 10 and which is rotatably mounted on the freely rotatable axis 2 and the axis 20 driven by the motor 22.

I, II, III, IV denote the four workstations of the machine, in which are in the drawn state

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632209

there is one holder each. These holders are all constructed in the same way and are explained in more detail using the holder in Station II.

The basic level 3 consists of individual roles and serves the first recording of the full harass 9 (station I). On the right side there is a fixed side wall 4 running axially to the rotary drum, on the left side a side plane 5 running obliquely backwards, which is made up of individual rollers. The cover 6 is located above the harass. This has a hinge 60 on a narrow side and a camshaft 61 on the side facing away from the harass (FIG. 2).

Concentric to the tires 1 is non-rotatable, i.e. Remaining at all times in the position shown, a slide rail 7 is arranged, which has a recess 70 at its highest point.

The cam 80, which can be driven individually, is rotatably seated on the axis of rotation 8 of the drum. The largest radius point 82 of this cam plate is at the height of the slide rail 7. The smallest radius point 83 is opposite.

In front of the rotating drum and preferably each on its own frame is the loading chute 11 for the full harass and the ejection chute 14 for the empty harass, while the conveying chute 13 for the bulk material is directed towards the rear of the drum.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The full harass 9, as shown in FIG. 2, is placed on the loading chute 11 where, when the chute is inclined due to its own weight, it is fed to the holder in station I by a conveyor belt. The harass stands on the ground plane and lies against the right side wall 4, since the left side wall 5 steered it there. The lid 6 forms the upper end. The rotary drum 1, 10 is then pivoted 90 ° clockwise. As a result, the harass is tilted by 90 ° into station II. The fruits cannot fall out since they are held by the lid 6; this is because the camshaft 61 of the cover slides on the slide rail. After another 5 harasses have been inserted in the new holder in station I, the drum swivels another 90 °. Our Harass 9 is completely tilted. The camshaft of the cover reaches the recess 70. The cam 80 has in the meantime been controlled in such a way that its point 82 lies at the height of the recess 70. The camshaft io 61 now lies on the cam 80. The cam 80 is rotated in this position of the rotary drum. The camshaft follows the curve, whereby the cover plate 6 swings around the hinge 60. The fruits roll over the cover plate 6 onto the conveyor chute 13. This movement 15 can be amplified by a vibrator. The control disk 80 then brings the cover 6 back into the normal position and the rotary drum pivots through a further 90 °. The empty harass arrives at station IV, where it slides out through the inclined position of side level 5 onto the discharge chute.

The holder described then returns to station I for loading.

All controls can be done electrically or mechanically. To load the rotary drum, a conveyor belt can be provided, which pushes the foremost harass into the holder and then pulls the next harass back again by a backward movement, so that there are no harasses in the area of the tires 1.

Both the base plane 3 and the inclined side plane 30 can consist of inclined rollers or other means promoting the sliding instead of rollers.

To adjust the angle of inclination of the tilted cover 6, it is sufficient to move the cam 80 on its shaft 8.

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2 sheets of drawings

Claims (9)

632209 1. Machine for gentle emptying of bulk goods, e.g. Fruits, vegetables or similar filled breeds, characterized by a drum (1, 10) rotatable about a horizontal axis with several holders (3, 4, 5, 6) for at least one harass (9) each, and workstations <1 , 11, II, IV) with means for inserting (3, 5, 11) the harass into the holder, emptying (6, 61, 80, 13) the harass and extending (5, 14) the emptied harass. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each holder from a sliding plane of the harass (9) promoting base plane (3), as well as an axially extending to the drum axis side plane (4) and an oblique to the drum axis opposite side plane (5) promotes the sliding of the harass, and there is a tiltable cover plate (6). 2nd PATENT CLAIMS 3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a loading chute (11) which is assigned to the lowest-lying holder station (I), and an ejection chute (14) arranged on the same side of the rotary drum (1, 10) for the empty harass, wherein this slide is assigned to a higher-lying holder station (IV) and a conveyor chute (13) assigned to the bulk material, which is assigned to the highest holder station (III) and is preferably arranged on the other side of the rotary drum (1, 10). 4. Machine according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the cover plate (6) can be pivoted about a hinge (60) lying in a radial plane of the rotary drum (1, 10), the cover plate and hinge in the highest holding station ( III) run horizontally and that means (7, 61; 80, 61) are arranged to secure the tipping end of the rotating plate on the harass during the rotation of the drum and to lower it against the conveyor chute (13) in the emptying station (III). 5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the control means for the cover plate (6) on the one hand consist of a stationary concentric to the axis of rotation of the drum (1, 10) extending slide rail (7) on which a cam (61) of the cover plate at Rotation of the drum slides, whereby the cam in the emptying station (III) reaches the area of a recess (70) of the slide rail and, on the other hand, from a rotatable cam disc (80) on which the cam of the cover plate rests when the recess is reached and which rotates while the rotary drum is at a standstill, the one-sided lowering of the cover plate (6) triggers, the cover plate continuing the conveyor chute (13). 6. Machine according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the rotary drum consists of two tires (1) with struts (10) arranged in between for the levels (3, 5) and plates (4, 6) of the holder, and the tires are mounted on rollers (2, 20) and are connected to a drive mechanism (22). 7. Machine according to one of claims 2-6, characterized in that the base plane (3) and the obliquely arranged side plane (5) consist of slide rails, slide rollers or rollers and the obliquely arranged side plane lies in the direction of rotation of the drum at the front. 8. Machine according to one of claims 3-6, characterized in that the conveyor chute (13) and / or the cover plate (6) is connected to a vibrator. 9. Machine according to one of claims 3-8, characterized in that the loading chute (11) has a conveyor belt or is inclined towards the holder in the deepest station (I) of the rotary drum (1, 10) and means are arranged which are mutually to separate pushing harass (9) so that only one harass enters a holding station.