CH383620A - Process for the production of absorbent foams from condensation products of compounds and aldehydes which form aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes - Google Patents

Process for the production of absorbent foams from condensation products of compounds and aldehydes which form aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes

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Publication number
CH383620A
CH383620A CH5981258A CH5981258A CH383620A CH 383620 A CH383620 A CH 383620A CH 5981258 A CH5981258 A CH 5981258A CH 5981258 A CH5981258 A CH 5981258A CH 383620 A CH383620 A CH 383620A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
aldehydes
compounds
phenoplasts
condensation products
production
Prior art date
Application number
CH5981258A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Baumann Heinrich
Fritz Dr Graf
Original Assignee
Basf Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Basf Ag filed Critical Basf Ag
Publication of CH383620A publication Critical patent/CH383620A/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/26Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/30Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2361/20Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)

Description

  

  
 



  Verfahren zur Herstellung von saugfähigen Schaumstoffen aus Kondensationsprodukten von mit Aldehyden Aminoplaste oder Phenoplaste bildenden Verbindungen und Aldehyden
Es ist bekannt, wässrige Lösungen von Kondensationsprodukten von mit Aldehyden Aminoplaste oder Phenoplaste bildenden Verbindungen und Aldehyden, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von Schaummitteln, mit Hilfe von Treibmitteln oder durch Einleiten von indifferenten Gasen zu verschäumen und den erhaltenen Harzschaum zu härten und zu trocknen.



   Es wurde nun gefunden, dass man saugfähige Schaumstoffe mit wesentlich grösserer Oberfläche erhält, wenn man bei der Herstellung des härtbaren Schaumes aus Kondensationsprodukten von mit Aldehyden Aminoplaste oder Phenoplaste bildenden Verbindungen, besonders Harnstoff oder seinen Derivaten oder Melamin, und Aldehyden, insbesondere Formaldehyd, lösliche Verbindungen mitverwendet und diese nach dem Härten des Schaumes mit Lösungsmitteln entfernt.



   Geeignete Verbindungen, die in den Kunstharzschaum eingeschlossen und nach dem Härten wieder herausgelöst werden, sind z. B. alle in Wasser leicht löslichen organischen Verbindungen, z. B. Methylenblau, weiterhin Zucker, insbesondere Rohrzucker, sowie wasserlösliche anorganische Salze, z. B. Natriumchlorid oder Natriumsulfat. Ebenso lassen sich in Wasser unlösliche, aber in organischen Lösungsmitteln lösliche Stoffe verwenden, die mit einem geeigneten organischen Lösungsmittel aus dem gehärteten Produkt herausgelöst werden. Die verwendeten Lösungsmittel können Stoffe enthalten, die die Auflösung der dem Schaumharz zugesetzten löslichen Verbindungen begünstigen, insbesondere Säuren, die das schaumförmige Kunstharz nicht angreifen, z. B. verdünnte Ameisensäure oder aliphatische Carbonsäuren.



   Schliesslich können auch Stoffe verwendet werden, die in Wasser unlöslich und nur dispergierbar sind. Werden diese nach dem Härten des Schaumharzes durch organische Lösungsmittel   herausgeiöst,    so erhält man Produkte, die weniger saugfähig sind, so dass durch Auswahl des löslichen Stoffes und durch Veränderung der zugegebenen Menge die Grösse der Oberfläche des Endprodukts bestimmt werden kann.



   Verwendet man nur geringe Mengen von löslichen Verbindungen, so wird auch die Oberfläche des Harzes nur wenig vergrössert. Zu grosse Mengen löslicher Verbindungen dagegen lassen zu viele und zu grosse Löcher im porösen Harz entstehen. Die Zugabe wird zweckmässig so bemessen, dass die Oberfläche der Kapillaren möglichst gross ist. Dies ist abhängig von der Menge des löslichen Stoffes, der Temperatur, bei der dieser herausgelöst wird, sowie von Art, Menge und Einwirkungsdauer des Lösungsmittels.



   Im allgemeinen wird man die zugesetzten löslichen Verbindungen etwa bei der Siedetemperatur des verwendeten Lösungsmittels aus dem Schaumstoff herauslösen, um den Vorgang zu beschleunigen.



  Doch kann die Temperatur selbstverständlich auch tiefer liegen. Anstatt mit siedenden Lösungsmitteln kann man auch mit gegebenenfalls überhitztem Wasserdampf oder den Dämpfen anderer Lösungsmittel arbeiten. Bei Verwendung hochsiedender Lösungsmittel arbeitet man häufig zweckmässig unter vermindertem Druck. Bei Verwendung   niedrigsiedender    Flüs  sigkeiten    kann dagegen unter Druck oder bei erniedrigten Temperaturen, z. B. bis herab zu 00 oder darunter, gearbeitet werden.  



   Die erhaltenen Produkte haben eine wesentliche vergrösserte Oberfläche, die beispielsweise das 100fache der Oberfläche von Talkum oder Zinkoxyd betragen kann. Jedes Schaumharzteilchen ist von einer grossen Anzahl von Kapillaren durchzogen. 1 g eines nach dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren hergestellten   grossoberflächigen    Schaumstoffes vermag z. B. etwa 40 mal mehr Wasser als Talkum und bei 200 C etwa 20 mal mehr dünnes Paraffinöl als Bolus aufzunehmen.



   Die auf der grossen Oberfläche adsorbierten Stoffe können leicht wieder abgegeben werden. Tränkt man z. B. Talkumpulver mit Eisenchlorid, so erhält man nach dem Trocknen ein Pulver, das auf der Oberfläche einer verdünnten Tanninlösung die Bildung von Tinte in der Lösung bewirkt. Nach etwa 1 bis 3 Stunden treten die ersten blauen Schlieren auf.



  Verwendet man dagegen ein mit Eisenchlorid behandeltes   grossoberflächiges    Schaumharz, das nach dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren hergestellt wurde, so treten die ersten Schlieren bereits nach wenigen Sekunden auf.



   Die in den Beispielen genannten Teile sind Gewichtsteile.



   Beispiel 1
Zu 100 Teilen einer in bekannter Weise hergestellten wässrigen Lösung eines Kondensationsproduktes aus Harnstoff und Formaldehyd fügt man 2 Teile eines wasserlöslichen, gelben, acylierten Aminoanthrachinon-Farbstoffes. Die Lösung wird danach in ebenfalls bekannter Weise nach Zusatz eines alkylnaphthalinsulfonsauren Salzes als Netzmittel und eines sauren Härtungsmittels für das Polykondensationsprodukt mit Luft verschäumt. Nach dem Härten und Trocknen der schaumartigen Kunststoffmasse kocht man diese 1 Stunde in Wasser. Danach saugt man ab, wäscht mit Wasser und trocknet das erhaltene Produkt bei 1200 C.



   1 Teil des so erhaltenen saugfähigen Schaumstoffes nimmt in 58 Minuten 11,08 Teile Wasser auf und in 15 Minuten bei 200 C 3,64 Teile dünnes Paraffin öl.



   Beispiel 2
100 Teile der 36% igen wässrigen Lösung eines Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Kondensationsproduktes wurden unter Zugabe von 2 Teilen einer 50% igen Lösung von   Methylenblau    (Nr. 1038 Farbstofftabellen Schultz, 7. Auflage, Band 1, 1931) in der gleichen Weise, wie im Beispiel 1 beschrieben wurde, aufgeschäumt, gehärtet und getrocknet. Das erhaltene Produkt wurde 2 Stunden mit 250 Teilen 90% igem Alkohol unter Rückfluss gekocht, anschliessend abgesaugt und gewaschen.



   1 Teil des erhaltenen Schaumstoffes nimmt in 33 Minuten 13,2 Teile Wasser und in 15 Minuten 3,8 Teile dünnes Paraffinöl auf.



   Ähnliche Ergebnisse erhält man, wenn man das Methylenblau mit Chloroform extrahiert.   



  
 



  Process for the production of absorbent foams from condensation products of compounds and aldehydes which form aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes
It is known that aqueous solutions of condensation products of compounds forming aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes and aldehydes, optionally with the addition of foaming agents, can be foamed with the aid of blowing agents or by introducing inert gases, and the resin foam obtained can be cured and dried.



   It has now been found that absorbent foams with a much larger surface area are obtained if, in the production of the curable foam from condensation products of compounds forming aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes, especially urea or its derivatives or melamine, and aldehydes, especially formaldehyde, soluble compounds used and removed after the foam has hardened with solvents.



   Suitable compounds that are included in the synthetic resin foam and dissolved out again after curing are, for. B. all easily soluble in water organic compounds, e.g. B. methylene blue, further sugar, especially cane sugar, and water-soluble inorganic salts such. B. sodium chloride or sodium sulfate. It is also possible to use substances which are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents and which are dissolved out of the cured product with a suitable organic solvent. The solvents used may contain substances that promote the dissolution of the soluble compounds added to the foam resin, in particular acids that do not attack the foam-like synthetic resin, e.g. B. dilute formic acid or aliphatic carboxylic acids.



   Finally, substances can also be used which are insoluble in water and only dispersible. If these are dissolved out by organic solvents after the foam resin has hardened, products are obtained that are less absorbent, so that the size of the surface of the end product can be determined by selecting the soluble substance and changing the amount added.



   If only small amounts of soluble compounds are used, the surface of the resin is only slightly increased. Too large amounts of soluble compounds, on the other hand, create too many and too large holes in the porous resin. The addition is expediently dimensioned so that the surface of the capillaries is as large as possible. This depends on the amount of the soluble substance, the temperature at which it is dissolved out, and the type, amount and duration of action of the solvent.



   In general, the added soluble compounds will be dissolved out of the foam at about the boiling point of the solvent used in order to speed up the process.



  But the temperature can of course also be lower. Instead of boiling solvents, it is also possible to work with superheated steam or the vapors of other solvents. When using high-boiling solvents, it is often expedient to work under reduced pressure. When using low-boiling fluids, however, under pressure or at reduced temperatures, eg. B. down to 00 or below, can be worked.



   The products obtained have a substantially enlarged surface, which can be, for example, 100 times the surface of talc or zinc oxide. Each foam resin particle is traversed by a large number of capillaries. 1 g of a large-area foam produced by the proposed method is capable, for. B. about 40 times more water than talc and at 200 C about 20 times more thin paraffin oil as a bolus.



   The substances adsorbed on the large surface can easily be released again. If you soak z. B. talc powder with ferric chloride, after drying a powder is obtained which causes the formation of ink in the solution on the surface of a dilute tannin solution. The first blue streaks appear after about 1 to 3 hours.



  If, on the other hand, a large-surface foam resin treated with ferric chloride is used, which was produced according to the proposed method, the first streaks appear after a few seconds.



   The parts mentioned in the examples are parts by weight.



   example 1
2 parts of a water-soluble, yellow, acylated aminoanthraquinone dye are added to 100 parts of an aqueous solution of a condensation product of urea and formaldehyde prepared in a known manner. The solution is then foamed with air in a likewise known manner after the addition of an alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid salt as a wetting agent and an acidic hardening agent for the polycondensation product. After the foam-like plastic compound has hardened and dried, it is boiled in water for 1 hour. It is then filtered off with suction, washed with water and the product obtained is dried at 1200 C.



   1 part of the absorbent foam thus obtained absorbs 11.08 parts of water in 58 minutes and 3.64 parts of thin paraffin oil in 15 minutes at 200.degree.



   Example 2
100 parts of the 36% aqueous solution of a urea-formaldehyde condensation product were with the addition of 2 parts of a 50% solution of methylene blue (No. 1038 color tables Schultz, 7th edition, volume 1, 1931) in the same way as in Example 1 has been described, foamed, cured and dried. The product obtained was refluxed with 250 parts of 90% alcohol for 2 hours, then filtered off with suction and washed.



   1 part of the foam obtained absorbs 13.2 parts of water in 33 minutes and 3.8 parts of thin paraffin oil in 15 minutes.



   Similar results are obtained when the methylene blue is extracted with chloroform.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH Verfahren zur Herstellung von saugfähigen Schaumstoffen aus Kondensationsprodukten von mit Aldehyden Aminoplaste oder Phenoplaste bildenden Verbindungen und Aldehyden, wobei aus diesen Kondensationsprodukten zunächst ein härtbarer Schaum hergestellt und dieser dann gehärtet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man bei der Herstellung des härtbaren Schaumes lösliche Verbindungen mitverwendet und diese nach dem Härten des Schaumes durch Behandeln mit Lösungsmitteln entfernt. PATENT CLAIM Process for the production of absorbent foams from condensation products of compounds and aldehydes which form aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes, whereby a curable foam is first produced from these condensation products and this is then cured, characterized in that soluble compounds are used in the production of the curable foam and these removed after the foam has hardened by treatment with solvents.
CH5981258A 1957-06-14 1958-05-22 Process for the production of absorbent foams from condensation products of compounds and aldehydes which form aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes CH383620A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1196547X 1957-06-14
DEB44994A DE1097669B (en) 1957-06-14 1957-06-14 Process for the production of hardened foams with enlarged surface from aminoplasts

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH383620A true CH383620A (en) 1964-10-31

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ID=63721232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH5981258A CH383620A (en) 1957-06-14 1958-05-22 Process for the production of absorbent foams from condensation products of compounds and aldehydes which form aminoplasts or phenoplasts with aldehydes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CH (1) CH383620A (en)
DE (1) DE1097669B (en)
FR (1) FR1196547A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0149497A2 (en) * 1984-01-19 1985-07-24 Kanebo, Ltd. Insoluble and infusible substrate with a polyacen-type skeletal structure, and its applications for electrical conductor or organic cell
EP0196055A3 (en) * 1985-03-25 1988-03-30 Kanebo Ltd. Porous article having open pores prepared from aromatic condensation polymer and use thereof

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE142659C (en) *
FR963568A (en) * 1950-07-17
US2006687A (en) * 1934-01-13 1935-07-02 M H Rourke Material and process of making the same
US2353877A (en) * 1942-01-19 1944-07-18 Ncr Co Process for making resilient porous products
US2432221A (en) * 1944-11-30 1947-12-09 Ncr Co Molding materials
DE854260C (en) * 1950-02-28 1952-11-04 Ncr Co Process for the production of shaped, two-layer, porous objects made of natural or synthetic rubber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0149497A2 (en) * 1984-01-19 1985-07-24 Kanebo, Ltd. Insoluble and infusible substrate with a polyacen-type skeletal structure, and its applications for electrical conductor or organic cell
EP0149497A3 (en) * 1984-01-19 1988-03-23 Kanebo Ltd. Insoluble and infusible substrate with a polyacen-type skeletal structure, and its applications for electrical conductor or organic cell
EP0196055A3 (en) * 1985-03-25 1988-03-30 Kanebo Ltd. Porous article having open pores prepared from aromatic condensation polymer and use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1196547A (en) 1959-11-24
DE1097669B (en) 1961-01-19

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