CH302905A - Process for the preparation of methyl isonicotinate. - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of methyl isonicotinate.

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Publication number
CH302905A
CH302905A CH302905DA CH302905A CH 302905 A CH302905 A CH 302905A CH 302905D A CH302905D A CH 302905DA CH 302905 A CH302905 A CH 302905A
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CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
sep
isonicotinic acid
ester
hydrogen
preparation
Prior art date
Application number
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German (de)
Inventor
F Hoffmann- Aktiengesellschaft
Original Assignee
Hoffmann La Roche
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoffmann La Roche filed Critical Hoffmann La Roche
Publication of CH302905A publication Critical patent/CH302905A/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/79Acids; Esters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pyridine Compounds (AREA)

Description

  

  Verfahren     zur    Herstellung des     Isonicotinsänremethylesters.       Es     wurde        gefunden,    dass man     Isonicotin-          säureester    dadurch herstellen kann, dass man  auf einen in einem Alkohol gelösten niederen       Alkylester    der     2,6-Dichlor-isonicotinsäure    in  Gegenwart eines     Hydrierungskatalysators    und  eines     chlorwasserstoffbindenden    Mittels unter  solchen     Bedingungen,    dass keine     Verseifung     des Esters eintritt, Wasserstoff einwirken  lässt.  



  Als     chlorwasserstoffbindende    Mittel haben  sich besonders     Alkaliacetate    und tertiäre Ba  sen bewährt. Bei der Verwendung von     Alkali-          acetat    empfiehlt es sich, als Lösungsmittel  Methanol oder Äthanol, dem man zweckmässig  etwas Wasser zusetzt, zu verwenden. Dagegen  ist die Verwendung von absoluten Alkoholen  als Lösungsmittel     empfehlenswert,    wenn mit  organischen Basen gearbeitet wird.  



  Bei der Herstellung des     Methylesters    wer  den besonders gute Resultate erzielt, wenn  man den     2,6-Dichlor-isonicotinsäure-methyl-          ester    in etwa     95o/oigem    Methanol in Gegen  wart der doppelt     molaren    Menge     Kaliumacetat     und eines     Palladiiim-Kohle-Katalysators    bei  etwa 50  hydriert.  



  Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Arbeits  weise hydriert man den niederen 2,6-Dichlor-         isonicotinsäurealkylester    in absolut alkoholi  scher Lösung in Gegenwart von     Triäthylamin     mittels eines     Palladium-Kohle-Katalysators     oder mit     Raney-Nickel    bei erhöhter Tempera  tur und, falls     Raney-Nickel    verwendet wird,  unter einem Wasserstoffdruck von etwa 40  Atmosphären.  



  Da der     Isonicotinsäure-methylester    und in  geringerem Masse auch die nächst höheren  Ester recht flüchtig und leicht     verseifbar     sind, empfiehlt es sich bei der Aufarbeitung,  die bei der Behandlung von Stoffen mit sol  chen Eigenschaften übliche Vorsicht walten zu  lassen.  



  Die niederen     2,6-Dichlor-isonicotinsäure-          alkylester    können z. B. aus dem bekannten 2,6  Dichlor-isonicotinsäurechlorid durch Erwär  men des letzteren mit dem gewünschten Alko  hol (z. B. Methanol,     Äthanol,        Isopropanol,        n-          Butanol)    und Fällung des gebildeten Esters  aus dem     Reaktionsgemisch    durch Zusatz von  Eiswasser gewonnen werden.  



  In der folgenden Tabelle sind charakte  ristische physikalische Daten einiger     2,6-Di-          chlor-isonicotinsäureester    sowie der daraus er  hältlichen     Isonicotinsäureester        angeführt:       
EMI0002.0001     
  
    Dichlorisonicotin- <SEP> Isonicotinsäure  säure-alkylester <SEP> alkylester
<tb>  Methylester <SEP> Smp. <SEP> : <SEP> 83 C <SEP> Smp. <SEP> : <SEP> 12-140C
<tb>  Kpl4: <SEP> 96-97<B>0</B>C
<tb>  nD <SEP>   <SEP> = <SEP> 1,5124
<tb>  <B><I>U.</I></B><I> <SEP> V.-Absorption <SEP> U.V.-Absorption</I>
<tb>  Äthylester <SEP> Smp. <SEP> : <SEP> 67 C <SEP> max. <SEP> 394 <SEP> m,u <SEP> Kpo <SEP> :

   <SEP> 89-90 C <SEP> max. <SEP> 274 <SEP> mss
<tb>  s <SEP> - <SEP> 4350 <SEP> n,250'= <SEP> 1,5002 <SEP> s <SEP> = <SEP> 2700
<tb>  Isopropylester <SEP> smp. <SEP> : <SEP> 58  <SEP> C <SEP> min. <SEP> 243 <SEP> mu <SEP> Kpo <SEP> : <SEP> 89-90 C <SEP> min. <SEP> 236 <SEP> mA
<tb>  s <SEP> = <SEP> 450 <SEP> n,"" <SEP> = <SEP> 1,4884 <SEP> s <SEP> = <SEP> 460
<tb>  n-Butylester <SEP> Kplo: <SEP> 157 C <SEP> Kpo: <SEP> 113 C
<tb>  nD <SEP>   <SEP> = <SEP> 1,5188 <SEP> nD <SEP>   <SEP> = <SEP> 1,4900       Die nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfah  ren erhältlichen niederen     Isonicotinsäure-alkyl-          ester        sind    als     Zwischenprodukte    für die Syn  these pharmakologisch     wirksamer    Verbindun  gen verwendbar.  



  Gegenstand des Patentes ist     ein    Verfah  ren zur Herstellung     des    bekannten     Isonicotin-          säuremethylesters,    welches dadurch gekenn  zeichnet     ist,    dass man auf den     2,6-Dichloriso-          nicotinsäuremethylester,    der in     einem    Alkohol       gelöst        ist,    in Gegenwart     eines        Hydrierimgs-          katalysatörs    und eines     chlorwasserstoffbinden-          den    Mittels unter solchen Bedingungen,

   dass  keine     Verseifung    des Esters     eintritt,    Wasser  stoff einwirken lässt.  



  <I>Beispiel 1:</I>  206     Gewichtsteile        2,6-Dichlor-isonicotin-          säuremethylester,    60 Gewichtsteile feuchte       Palladiumkohle    (enthaltend 1,5     Gewichtsteile          Palladiiun),    200     Gewichtsteile        Kaliumacetat,     560     Gewichtsteile    Methanol und 30 Gewichts  teile - Wasser werden in     einem        Hydrierkolben     bei     50         -unter    einem Druck von     etwa    0,1 Atü  unter Wasserstoff geschüttelt;

   nach Aufnahme  von     2_        Mol    Wasserstoff kommt die Hydrie  rung zum Stillstand. Man     nutseht    vom Kata  lysator und vom ausgefallenen     Kaliumchlorid     ab und verdampft darauf das Methanol mög  lichst vollständig. Den Rückstand versetzt     man     unter Kühlung allmählich mit konzentriertem  Ammoniak     (25a4),        bis    Lackmus eben gebläut    wird. Man extrahiert erschöpfend mit Äther,  trocknet und dampft den Äther wieder ab.  Beim Destillieren des Rückstandes unter  einem Druck von 74 mm     Hg    geht bei 96 bis  97  reiner     Isonicotinsäuremethylester    über.

    Ausbeute     89"/o.     



       Beispiel   <I>2:</I>  41,2     Gewichtsteile        2,6-Dichlor-isonicotin-          säure-methylester    (0,2     Mol),    40 Gewichtsteile       Triäthylamin,    12 Gewichtsteile feuchte     Palla-          diumkohle    (enthaltend 0,3 Gewichtsteile Pal  ladium) und 200 Raumteile absoluter Metha  nol werden in einem     Hydrierkolben    bei 40   unter Wasserstoff geschüttelt. Nach Auf  nahme von 0,4     112o1    Wasserstoff kommt die  Hydrierung zum Stillstand. Man     nutscht     vom Katalysator ab und engt vorsichtig ein.

    Man versetzt den Rückstand mit 200     em3    ab  solutem Äther, lässt den Kristallbrei 1-2  Stunden bei 0  stehen -und     nutscht        hierauf    ab.  Den Niederschlag     wäscht    man sorgfältig mit       mehreren    Portionen absolutem Äther aus. Die       Ätherauszüge    werden mit gesättigter     Koch-          salzlösung    gewaschen, getrocknet und hierauf  eingedampft. Beim Destillieren des Rückstan  des unter vermindertem Druck erhält man       Isonicotinsäure-methylester        (KP-14    96-97 ).  Ausbeute: etwa     900/9.  



  Process for the preparation of the isonicotinic remethyl ester. It has been found that isonicotinic acid esters can be prepared by reacting on a lower alkyl ester of 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid dissolved in an alcohol in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and a hydrogen chloride-binding agent under conditions such that no saponification of the ester occurs, Allows hydrogen to act.



  Alkali acetates and tertiary bases have proven particularly useful as agents that bind hydrogen chloride. When using alkali acetate, it is advisable to use methanol or ethanol as the solvent, to which a little water is expediently added. In contrast, the use of absolute alcohols as solvents is recommended when working with organic bases.



  In the preparation of the methyl ester who achieved particularly good results if the 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid methyl ester in about 95% methanol in the presence of twice the molar amount of potassium acetate and a palladium-carbon catalyst at about 50% hydrogenated.



  According to a further advantageous operation, the lower 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid alkyl ester is hydrogenated in an absolutely alcoholic solution in the presence of triethylamine using a palladium-carbon catalyst or with Raney nickel at an elevated temperature and, if Raney nickel is used , under a hydrogen pressure of about 40 atmospheres.



  Since the methyl isonicotinate and, to a lesser extent, the next higher esters are quite volatile and easily saponifiable, it is advisable to exercise the usual caution when treating substances with such properties.



  The lower 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid alkyl esters can, for. B. from the known 2,6 dichloro-isonicotinic acid chloride by warming the latter with the desired Alko hol (z. B. methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol) and precipitation of the ester formed from the reaction mixture by adding ice water .



  The following table lists the characteristic physical data of some 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid esters and the isonicotinic acid esters obtainable from them:
EMI0002.0001
  
    Dichlorisonicotin- <SEP> isonicotinic acid-alkyl ester <SEP> alkyl ester
<tb> methyl ester <SEP> m.p. <SEP>: <SEP> 83 C <SEP> m.p. <SEP>: <SEP> 12-140C
<tb> Kpl4: <SEP> 96-97 <B> 0 </B> C
<tb> nD <SEP> <SEP> = <SEP> 1.5124
<tb> <B><I>U.</I></B> <I> <SEP> V. Absorption <SEP> U.V. Absorption </I>
<tb> ethyl ester <SEP> melting point <SEP>: <SEP> 67 C <SEP> max. <SEP> 394 <SEP> m, u <SEP> Kpo <SEP>:

   <SEP> 89-90 C <SEP> max. <SEP> 274 <SEP> mss
<tb> s <SEP> - <SEP> 4350 <SEP> n, 250 '= <SEP> 1,5002 <SEP> s <SEP> = <SEP> 2700
<tb> isopropyl ester <SEP> smp. <SEP>: <SEP> 58 <SEP> C <SEP> min. <SEP> 243 <SEP> mu <SEP> Kpo <SEP>: <SEP> 89-90 C <SEP> min. <SEP> 236 <SEP> mA
<tb> s <SEP> = <SEP> 450 <SEP> n, "" <SEP> = <SEP> 1.4884 <SEP> s <SEP> = <SEP> 460
<tb> n-butyl ester <SEP> Kplo: <SEP> 157 C <SEP> Kpo: <SEP> 113 C
<tb> nD <SEP> <SEP> = <SEP> 1.5188 <SEP> nD <SEP> <SEP> = <SEP> 1.4900 The lower isonicotinic acid alkyl esters obtainable by the process according to the invention are intermediate products can be used for the synthesis of pharmacologically active compounds.



  The subject of the patent is a process for the production of the known isonicotinic acid methyl ester, which is characterized in that the 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid methyl ester, which is dissolved in an alcohol, is added in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and a hydrogen chloride binder. the means under such conditions,

   that no saponification of the ester occurs, hydrogen can act.



  <I> Example 1: </I> 206 parts by weight of 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid methyl ester, 60 parts by weight of moist palladium carbon (containing 1.5 parts by weight of palladium), 200 parts by weight of potassium acetate, 560 parts by weight of methanol and 30 parts by weight of water are in a hydrogenation flask at 50 - shaken under a pressure of about 0.1 atmospheres under hydrogen;

   after uptake of 2 mol of hydrogen, the hydrogenation comes to a standstill. You nutseht from the catalyst and the precipitated potassium chloride and then evaporated the methanol as completely as possible. Concentrated ammonia (25a4) is gradually added to the residue, while cooling, until litmus is just blued. Extract exhaustively with ether, dry and evaporate the ether again. When the residue is distilled under a pressure of 74 mm Hg, pure methyl isonicotinate is transferred at 96 to 97.

    Yield 89 "/ o.



       Example <I> 2: </I> 41.2 parts by weight of 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid methyl ester (0.2 mol), 40 parts by weight of triethylamine, 12 parts by weight of moist palladium carbon (containing 0.3 part by weight of palladium ) and 200 parts by volume of absolute methanol are shaken in a hydrogenation flask at 40 under hydrogen. After uptake of 0.4 112o1 hydrogen, the hydrogenation stops. The catalyst is filtered off with suction and carefully concentrated.

    The residue is mixed with 200 cubic meters of absolute ether, the crystal slurry is left to stand for 1-2 hours at 0 and then suction filtered. The precipitate is carefully washed out with several portions of absolute ether. The ether extracts are washed with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried and then evaporated. When the residue is distilled off under reduced pressure, methyl isonicotinate is obtained (KP-14 96-97). Yield: about 900/9.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung des Isonicotin- säur e-methylesters, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man auf den'2,6-Dichlor-isonicotinsäure- methylester, der in einem Alkohol gelöst ist, in Gegenwart eines Hydrierungskatalysators und eines chlorwasserstoffbindenden Mittels unter solchen Bedingungen, dass keine Ver- seifung des Esters eintritt, Wasserstoff ein wirken lässt. PATENT CLAIM: A process for the preparation of the isonicotinic acid e-methyl ester, characterized in that the'2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic acid methyl ester, which is dissolved in an alcohol, is applied in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst and a hydrogen chloride-binding agent under such conditions, that no saponification of the ester occurs, hydrogen can act. UNTERANSPRüCHE 1. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass man die Hydrie rung in methanolischer Lösung in Gegenwart der doppelt molaren Menge Kaliumacetat mit tels eines Palladium-Kohle-Katalysators, aus führt. 2. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass eine tertiäre or ganische Base in wasserfreiem Medium als chlorwasserstoffbindendes Mittel zur Anwen dung kommt. SUBClaims 1. Process according to claim, characterized in that the hydrogenation is carried out in methanolic solution in the presence of twice the molar amount of potassium acetate using a palladium-carbon catalyst. 2. The method according to claim, characterized in that a tertiary or ganic base is used in an anhydrous medium as an agent which binds hydrogen chloride.
CH302905D 1952-03-07 1952-03-07 Process for the preparation of methyl isonicotinate. CH302905A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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CH302905T 1952-03-07

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CH302905A true CH302905A (en) 1954-11-15

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CH302905D CH302905A (en) 1952-03-07 1952-03-07 Process for the preparation of methyl isonicotinate.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0268775A1 (en) * 1986-09-26 1988-06-01 Ciba-Geigy Ag Method for protecting plants against diseases

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0268775A1 (en) * 1986-09-26 1988-06-01 Ciba-Geigy Ag Method for protecting plants against diseases
US4968344A (en) * 1986-09-26 1990-11-06 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Method for protecting plants against diseases

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