CH223534A - Method for increasing the capillary activity of liquids. - Google Patents
Method for increasing the capillary activity of liquids.Info
- Publication number
- CH223534A CH223534A CH223534DA CH223534A CH 223534 A CH223534 A CH 223534A CH 223534D A CH223534D A CH 223534DA CH 223534 A CH223534 A CH 223534A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- formaldehyde
- added
- condensation products
- liquids
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvacrol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009963 fulling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- DSTPUJAJSXTJHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothymol Natural products CC(C)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1O DSTPUJAJSXTJHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 aromatic aminosulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NRZRRZAVMCAKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthionic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 NRZRRZAVMCAKEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HNUALPPJLMYHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]C Chemical compound C[CH]C HNUALPPJLMYHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical class NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-LPEHRKFASA-N Isomenthol Natural products CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-LPEHRKFASA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/41—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins
- D06M15/412—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins sulfonated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Kapillaraktivität von Flüssigkeiten. Es wurde gefunden, dass Kondensations produkte von Phenolen, aliphatischen oder aromatischen Aminosulfonsäuren und Alde hyden sich ausgezeichnet für die Erhöhung der Kapillaraktivität von Flüssigkeiten, also als Wasch-, Emulgier- und Netzmittel eignen. Sie lassen sich daher im ausgedehnten L?m- fange als Zusätze für in der Textil-, Leder-, Pelz-, Papier-,
Kunstseiden- und Zellwoll- industrie benützte Bäder sowie als Zusätze zu Flotations- und Feuerlöschmitteln und der gleichen verwenden. So können sie als Er satz für Türkischrotöl und Monopolseife in Bäuchflüssigkeiten dienen. Auch können sie in der Färberei, Bädern für Läuterungs zwecke, zum Reinigen und Avivieren der Färbungen und dergleichen zugesetzt werden.
Ferner haben sie weichmachende Eigen schaften, so da,ss sie in Avivier- und Appre- turflüssigkeiten Anwendung finden können. Man kann mit ihrer Hilfe gute Schmälzmittel herstellen und sie in haltbarer Emulsion mit billigeren pflanzlichen und tierischen Olen oder auch mit Mineralöled als sogenanute Spick- oder Spinnöle verwenden, wobei sie wegen ihrer leichten,
vollständigen Aus waschbarkeit im Laufe der Veredlung der versponnenen Waren gegenüber bekannten Schmälzmitteln grosse Vorteile bieten. Auch können ihre Lösungen in Tetrachlorkohlen- stoff und andern Extraktionsmitteln zur Rei nigung von Kleidern und in der Hauswäsche usw. benutzt werden.
Besonders gute Resultate werden zum Beispiel erzielt, wenn man sie Walkflüssig- keiten für Wollgewebe zusetzt, wie folgende Versuche zeigen: Wollhaltige Gewebe wer den bekanntlich gewalkt, um eine höhere Fe stigkeit und dichtere Oberfläche zu erzielen. Das Walken geschieht mit geeigneten Vor richtungen, wobei die feuchte Stoffbahn unter Zufuhr von Wärme gedrückt und gestossen wird. Zum Anfeuchten wurden bisher wäss- rige Lösungen von Seife, sulfurierten Fetten mit Soda oder von organischen Säuren be nutzt. Die Zusätze bewirken Beschleunigung oder Erhöhung des Effektes.
Als Mass für den Walkeffekt kann die Einwalke, das heisst der durch die Behandlung eingetretene Ver lust an Gewebefläche, angesehen werden.
Bezeichnet a den Flächeninhalt eines Ge webes vor, b den Flächeninhalt nach dem Walken, so ist die Einwalke in
EMI0002.0004
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass die Konden sationsprodukte aus Phenolen, Aldehyden und aliphatischen oder aromatischen Amino- sulfonsäuren, insbesondere die Produkte aus höheren Phenol-Homologen (Iso-Thymol, Bu- tylphenoie), Sulfanilsäure und Formaldehyd,
beim Zusatz zum Walkbad sehr gute Iin- walken liefern. Die günstige Wirkung dieser Konden sationsprodukte wird durch geringe Zusätze von Hydroxylgruppen enthaltenden Verbin dungen, insbesondere solchen, welche den Iso- propylrest enthalten, wesentlich gefördert.
Als brauchbare Zusätze haben sich hierbei erwiesen Zusätze von Phenolen, die einen Isopropylrest enthalten, sowie von Alko holen, insbesondere Isothymol. Isomenthol, Terpineol, Isobutylalkohol, und zwar zweck mässig in Mengen von 5%.
Bei der unten angeführten Prüfung wur den die genau abgemessenen und gewogenen Stoffabschnitte mit einer 1 %igen Lösung der Produkte, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von 5 % Alkohol, behandelt und so weit abge quetscht (auf Gummiwalzen); dass der Flüs sigkeitsgehalt<B>100%</B> betrug. Dann wurde genau 1 Minute in der Handunter möglichst gleichen Bedingungen gewalkt, zweimal mit Wasser gespült und gebügelt. Hierauf wurde der Flächeninhalt bestimmt.
(Das Walken in der Hand muss bei Vergleichsversuchen von ein und derselben Person vorgenommen wer den, da sonst die Abweichungen zu gross sind.) Die folgende Tabelle zeigt, dass die be anspruchten Verbindungen den bekannten Produkten gegenüber auf der Basis von sul- furiertem Rizinusöl in nichts nachstehen:
EMI0002.0036
<I>Tabelle</I>
<tb> Nr. <SEP> Zusammensetzung <SEP> pli <SEP> Mittlere
<tb> Einwalke
<tb> 1 <SEP> Formaldehyd, <SEP> Naphthionsäure, <SEP> Isothymol <SEP> 7,0 <SEP> 19,0
<tb> 2 <SEP> Formaldehyd, <SEP> Sulfanilsäure, <SEP> Isothymol <SEP> 8,0 <SEP> 27,5
<tb> 3 <SEP> Formaldehyd, <SEP> Sulfanilsäure, <SEP> Isothymol <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 24,5
<tb> 4 <SEP> wie <SEP> 2 <SEP> + <SEP> 5 <SEP> % <SEP> Isothymol <SEP> 8,0 <SEP> 38,4
<tb> 5 <SEP> wie <SEP> 2 <SEP> -f- <SEP> 5 <SEP> % <SEP> Isobutylalkohol <SEP> 8,0 <SEP> 29,3
<tb> 6 <SEP> wie <SEP> 2 <SEP> -}- <SEP> 5 <SEP> % <SEP> Terpineol <SEP> 8,0 <SEP> 34,0
<tb> 7 <SEP> wie <SEP> 2 <SEP> + <SEP> 5 <SEP> % <SEP> Isomenthol <SEP> 8,0 <SEP> 46,5
<tb> 8 <SEP> Formaldehyd, <SEP> Sulfanilsäure, <SEP> Butylphenol <SEP> 8,0 <SEP> 28,
3
<tb> 9 <SEP> Handelsprodukt <SEP> aus <SEP> sulfuriertem <SEP> Rizinusöl <SEP> 7,0 <SEP> 25,5
<tb> 10 <SEP> Handelsprodukt <SEP> aus <SEP> sulfuriertem <SEP> Rizinusöl <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 29,0 Ein weiteres wichtiges Anwendungsgebiet dieser Kondensationsprodukte besteht im Zu satz zu Flüssigkeiten, die zur Erhöhung der Schiebefestigkeit von Geweben, insbesondere von Kunstseidegeweben dienen. Für diesen Zweck bedient man sich zum Beispiel solcher Kondensationsprodukte, die durch Erhitzen auf höhere Temperaturen wasserunlöslich bezw. in Wasser schwer quellbar werden.
Die besten Ergebnisse werden erzielt bei Zusatz eines Kondensationsproduktes aus Isothymol, Naphthionsäure und Formaldehyd. Die Anwendung der Produkte kann in der Weise erfolgen, dass man das Gewebe mit einer 0,5- bis 1,5 % igen Lösung in Wasser be- netzt, abquetscht und bei 100 bis 110 C unter Spannung trocknet, dämpft und bügelt.
Diese Beispiele lassen erkennen, welcher vielseitigen Anwendung die beanspruchten Verbindungen in den eingangs genannten In dustriezweigen fähig sind. Das neue Verfah ren ist daher, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Bestrebungen, die bisher als Rohstoffe erforderlichen tierischen und pflanzlichen Fette durch andere 1Vlateralien zu ersetzen, ausserordentlich wertvoll.
Method for increasing the capillary activity of liquids. It has been found that condensation products of phenols, aliphatic or aromatic aminosulfonic acids and aldehydes are ideally suited for increasing the capillary activity of liquids, i.e. as detergents, emulsifiers and wetting agents. They can therefore be used in extended lengths as additives for textile, leather, fur, paper,
Use the baths used in the rayon and rayon industry as well as additives to flotation and fire extinguishing agents and the like. They can be used as a substitute for Turkish red oil and monopoly soap in stomach fluids. They can also be used in dyeing, baths for refining purposes, for cleaning and finishing dyeings and the like.
They also have plasticizing properties, so that they can be used in brightening and dressing liquids. You can use them to produce good lubricants and use them in a long-lasting emulsion with cheaper vegetable and animal oils or with mineral oils as so-called spinning or spinning oils, whereby they are light,
complete washability in the course of the refinement of the spun goods compared to known lubricants offer great advantages. Their solutions in carbon tetrachloride and other extraction agents can also be used for cleaning clothes and in household laundry etc.
Particularly good results are achieved, for example, when they are added to milled fluids for woolen fabrics, as the following experiments show: Fabrics containing wool are known to be milled to achieve greater strength and a denser surface. The fulling is done with suitable devices before, whereby the moist web of material is pressed and pushed with the supply of heat. So far, aqueous solutions of soap, sulphurized fats with soda or organic acids have been used for moistening. The additives accelerate or increase the effect.
As a measure of the fulling effect, the introspection, that is, the loss of tissue area caused by the treatment, can be viewed.
If a denotes the area of a piece of fabric before, b the area after fulling, then the introspection is in
EMI0002.0004
It has now been found that the condensation products from phenols, aldehydes and aliphatic or aromatic amino sulfonic acids, in particular the products from higher phenol homologues (iso-thymol, butylphenoie), sulfanilic acid and formaldehyde,
deliver very good walking when added to the fulling bath. The beneficial effect of these condensation products is significantly enhanced by adding small amounts of compounds containing hydroxyl groups, in particular those which contain the isopropyl radical.
Useful additives here have proven to be additions of phenols which contain an isopropyl radical, and of alcohol, in particular isothymol. Isomenthol, terpineol, isobutyl alcohol, expediently in amounts of 5%.
In the test below, the precisely measured and weighed pieces of fabric were treated with a 1% solution of the products, possibly with the addition of 5% alcohol, and squeezed as far as possible (on rubber rollers); that the liquid content was <B> 100% </B>. Then exactly 1 minute was drummed in the hand under the same conditions as possible, rinsed twice with water and ironed. The area was then determined.
(In comparative tests, fulling in the hand must be carried out by one and the same person, otherwise the deviations are too great.) The following table shows that the compounds claimed compared to the known products based on sulphurized castor oil in nothing inferior to:
EMI0002.0036
<I> table </I>
<tb> No. <SEP> Composition <SEP> pli <SEP> Medium
<tb> Einwalke
<tb> 1 <SEP> formaldehyde, <SEP> naphthionic acid, <SEP> isothymol <SEP> 7.0 <SEP> 19.0
<tb> 2 <SEP> formaldehyde, <SEP> sulfanilic acid, <SEP> isothymol <SEP> 8.0 <SEP> 27.5
<tb> 3 <SEP> formaldehyde, <SEP> sulfanilic acid, <SEP> isothymol <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 24.5
<tb> 4 <SEP> like <SEP> 2 <SEP> + <SEP> 5 <SEP>% <SEP> isothymol <SEP> 8.0 <SEP> 38.4
<tb> 5 <SEP> like <SEP> 2 <SEP> -f- <SEP> 5 <SEP>% <SEP> isobutyl alcohol <SEP> 8.0 <SEP> 29.3
<tb> 6 <SEP> like <SEP> 2 <SEP> -} - <SEP> 5 <SEP>% <SEP> Terpineol <SEP> 8.0 <SEP> 34.0
<tb> 7 <SEP> like <SEP> 2 <SEP> + <SEP> 5 <SEP>% <SEP> Isomenthol <SEP> 8.0 <SEP> 46.5
<tb> 8 <SEP> formaldehyde, <SEP> sulfanilic acid, <SEP> butylphenol <SEP> 8.0 <SEP> 28,
3
<tb> 9 <SEP> Commercial product <SEP> made from <SEP> sulfurized <SEP> castor oil <SEP> 7.0 <SEP> 25.5
<tb> 10 <SEP> Commercial product <SEP> made from <SEP> sulphurised <SEP> castor oil <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 29.0 Another important area of application for these condensation products is in addition to liquids that increase the slip resistance of fabrics, especially rayon fabrics. For this purpose, one uses, for example, those condensation products that become insoluble in water when heated to higher temperatures. become difficult to swell in water.
The best results are achieved with the addition of a condensation product of isothymol, naphthionic acid and formaldehyde. The products can be used by wetting the fabric with a 0.5 to 1.5% solution in water, squeezing it off and drying, steaming and ironing at 100 to 110 ° C. under tension.
These examples show the wide range of applications the compounds claimed are capable of in the branches of industry mentioned above. The new process is therefore extremely valuable, especially with regard to efforts to replace the animal and vegetable fats previously required as raw materials with other materials.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE223534X | 1939-10-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH223534A true CH223534A (en) | 1942-09-30 |
Family
ID=5851025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH223534D CH223534A (en) | 1939-10-30 | 1940-10-29 | Method for increasing the capillary activity of liquids. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH223534A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL64476C (en) |
-
0
- NL NL64476D patent/NL64476C/xx active
-
1940
- 1940-10-29 CH CH223534D patent/CH223534A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL64476C (en) |
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