CH208548A - Plastic. - Google Patents
Plastic.Info
- Publication number
- CH208548A CH208548A CH208548DA CH208548A CH 208548 A CH208548 A CH 208548A CH 208548D A CH208548D A CH 208548DA CH 208548 A CH208548 A CH 208548A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- methacrylic acid
- acid amide
- plastic
- water
- glycerine
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 benzene peroxide Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001278 adipic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003254 palate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- LMYRWZFENFIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 LMYRWZFENFIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Kunststoff. Das Methaerylsäureacnid, wie es zum Bei spiel nach Patent Nr. 200363 hergestellt werden kann, kann nach bekannten Metho den, zum Beispiel durch Einwirkung von Hitze oder Licht oder Katalysatoren, wie Benzol- peroxyd, Wasserstoffsuperoxyd usw. gegebe nenfalls bei Anwesenheit von Lösungsmitteln oder Verdünnungsmitteln, polymerisiert wer den. Es gelingt, in dieser Weise glasklare, hochviskose Lösungen des Polymerisats, zum Beispiel in Wasser, herzustellen, die nach Verdunsten des Lösungsmittels einen glas klaren Film ergeben.
Beim Polymerisieren kann der Polymerisationsgrad bezw. die Vis kosität dieser Lösungen in bekannter Weise durch Änderung der Konzentration, der Tem peratur, der Menge des Katalysators usw. beeinflusst werden. Werden Lösungsmittel wie zum Beispiel Essigester und Alkohol an gewendet, so bildet sich das polymere Pro dukt in einer körnig-pulverigen, meist nicht mehr in Wasser völlig löslichen Form. Bei längerer Einwirkung von höheren Tempera turen geht das polymere Produkt in einen in Wasser unlöslichen Zustand über. Dieser Zu stand verleiht dem Produkt eine sehr gute Härte.
Da das monomere Amid auch in den ver schiedensten monomeren polymerisierbaren, ungesättigten, örganisehen Verbindungen, ins besondere Vinylverbindungen, wie Vinylcblo- rid, Vinylacetat, Styrol, Acrylverbindungen wie Acrylsäuremethylester, -äthylester, -bu- tylester, -amylester,
-nitril und Methacryl- verbindungen löslich. ist, können Miscbpoly- merisate mit den verschiedensten Eigenschaf ten hergestellt werden. So ist es möglich, das Methacrylsäureamid in Methylmethacrylat zu lösen und ein Mischpolymerisat herzu stellen, das beispielsweise als Glasersatz brauchbar ist. Durch den Metbacrylsäureamid- zusatz ist die Wasseraufnahmefäbigkeit des Glasersatzes erhöht und damit das Beschla gen der Gläser verhindert.
Der Amidzusatz beeinflusst aber auch die Eigenschaften dieser Mischpolymerisate noch in mancher andern Hinsicht, so in der Widerstandsfähigkeit ge gen Lösungsmittel, insbesondere gegen Benzol, und in den mechanischen Eigenschaften wie Härte und Zugfestigkeit. An Stelle der Aliseh- polymerisate lassen sich auch Mischungen von fertigen Polymerisaten herstellen.
Erfindungsgemäss werden nun sowohl Poly- methacrylsäur-eaniid als auch seine Misch polymerisate bezw. Gemische mit andern Polymerisaten mit Weichmachungsmitteln, vorzugsweise Glyzerin, ferner Acetinen, Phthalsäureestern, Adipinsäureestern, trock nenden oder nichttrocknenden Ölen, Wachsen, Fetten, Fettsäuren, Celluloseverbindungen,
insbesondere Cellriloseätlie>n und Cellulose- estern einschliesslich der Triester, künstlichen und natürlichen Harzen, insbesondere Kon- densationsliarzen, Harnstoff- und Plienolalde- hydkondensationsprodukten, Paratoluolsulfon- amidharzen, Kautschuk, zum Beispiel in Form von Latex, zu Kunststoffen verarbeitet.
Wertvolle Produkte entstehen, wenn die wasserlöslichen, polymeren Dlethacrylsäure- amide und ihre wasserlöslichen Mischpoly- merisate vermischt werden mit andern kol loidal wasserlösliehen Verbindungen wie Ge latine, Leim, Stärke, Polyvinylalkohol, Poly- acry1säure, Polyrnethacrylsäure usw.
Die Kunststoffe können, abgesehen von Glasersatz, Verwendung finden zur Herstel lung von Form-, Schnittstoffen. Lacken, Tex tilhilfsmitteln, insbesondere zum Schlichten und Imprägnieren, Verdickungsmitteln, zum Beispiel für Farben, als Schutzkolloide für Latex, als Gelatineersatz, für elektrotech nische Zwecke, zum Beispiel für Isolation oder für die Ummantelung von Kabeln, als Klebstoffe, zur Herstellung von künstlichen Gaumen und andern zahntechnischen oder medizinischen Artikeln, insbesondere Pfla stern, Kunstleder, Kunstseide, Grammophon- platten,
Zwischenschichten für Sicherheits glas usw. Die Kunststoffe können in an sich bekannter Weise, zum Beispiel durch Walzen, Pressen, Spritzen, verarbeitet werden.
<I>Beispiel:</I> Ein durch Erhitzen einer Lösung von 40 Teilen Methacrylsäureamid in 60 Teilen Wasser in Gegenwart von Wasserstoffsuper oxyd während mehrerer Stunden auf 40-60 C erhaltenes Polynerisationsprodukt, in Form einer klaren, hochviskosen, fast neutralen Lösung, wird mit Glyzerin als Weichmacher vermischt. Die Mischung kann als Gelatine ersatz, Schlichte, Farbverdickungsmittel usw. verwendet werden.
Plastic. Methaerylsäureacnid, as it can be prepared for example according to patent no. 200363, can according to known methods, for example by the action of heat or light or catalysts such as benzene peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, etc., where appropriate in the presence of solvents or diluents , who polymerized. It is possible in this way to produce crystal clear, highly viscous solutions of the polymer, for example in water, which after evaporation of the solvent give a crystal clear film.
During polymerization, the degree of polymerization can bezw. the viscosity of these solutions can be influenced in a known manner by changing the concentration, the tem perature, the amount of catalyst, etc. If solvents such as ethyl acetate and alcohol are used, the polymeric product is formed in a granular, powdery form that is usually no longer completely soluble in water. With prolonged exposure to higher temperatures, the polymeric product changes to a state that is insoluble in water. This state gives the product a very good hardness.
Since the monomeric amide also exists in the most varied of monomeric polymerizable, unsaturated, organic compounds, in particular vinyl compounds such as vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylic compounds such as methyl acrylate, ethyl ester, butyl ester, amyl ester,
-nitrile and methacrylic compounds soluble. mixed polymers with a wide variety of properties can be produced. It is thus possible to dissolve the methacrylic acid amide in methyl methacrylate and to produce a copolymer which can be used, for example, as a glass substitute. The addition of methacrylic acid amide increases the water absorption capacity of the glass substitute and thus prevents the glasses from fogging up.
The addition of amide also influences the properties of these copolymers in many other ways, for example in the resistance to solvents, in particular to benzene, and in the mechanical properties such as hardness and tensile strength. Mixtures of finished polymers can also be produced in place of the Aliseh polymers.
According to the invention, both polymethacrylic aniide and its mixed polymers are now respectively. Mixtures with other polymers with plasticizers, preferably glycerine, also acetins, phthalic acid esters, adipic acid esters, drying or non-drying oils, waxes, fats, fatty acids, cellulose compounds,
in particular cellulose ethers and cellulose esters including the triesters, artificial and natural resins, in particular condensation resins, urea and plienol aldehyde condensation products, paratoluenesulfonamide resins, rubber, for example in the form of latex, processed into plastics.
Valuable products are created when the water-soluble, polymeric methacrylic acid amides and their water-soluble copolymers are mixed with other colloidal water-soluble compounds such as gelatin, glue, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, poly methacrylic acid, etc.
Apart from glass substitutes, the plastics can be used for the manufacture of shaped and cut materials. Lacquers, textile auxiliaries, in particular for sizing and impregnating, thickeners, for example for paints, as protective colloids for latex, as gelatine substitutes, for electrical engineering purposes, for example for insulation or for sheathing cables, as adhesives, for the production of artificial palates and other dental or medical articles, in particular plasters, artificial leather, artificial silk, gramophone records,
Intermediate layers for safety glass, etc. The plastics can be processed in a manner known per se, for example by rolling, pressing, spraying.
<I> Example: </I> A polymerization product in the form of a clear, highly viscous, almost neutral solution, obtained by heating a solution of 40 parts of methacrylic acid amide in 60 parts of water in the presence of hydrogen peroxide for several hours at 40-60 C mixed with glycerine as a plasticizer. The mixture can be used as a gelatin substitute, size, color thickener, etc.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE208548X | 1935-10-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH208548A true CH208548A (en) | 1940-02-15 |
Family
ID=5794301
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH208548D CH208548A (en) | 1935-10-28 | 1936-10-27 | Plastic. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH208548A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3405019A1 (en) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-08-14 | Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen GmbH, 4150 Krefeld | MIXTURES OF WATER-SOLUBLE SYNTHETIC ORGANIC POLYMERS WITH NATURAL RESIN GLUE AND THEIR USE AS SIZING AGENT |
-
1936
- 1936-10-27 CH CH208548D patent/CH208548A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3405019A1 (en) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-08-14 | Chemische Fabrik Stockhausen GmbH, 4150 Krefeld | MIXTURES OF WATER-SOLUBLE SYNTHETIC ORGANIC POLYMERS WITH NATURAL RESIN GLUE AND THEIR USE AS SIZING AGENT |
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