CH137162A

CH137162A - Installation of heating by liquid fuel.

Info

Publication number: CH137162A
Authority: CH
Inventors: Ateliers H Cuenod S A
Original assignee: H Cuenod S A Atel
Priority date: 1928-03-13
Filing date: 1928-03-13
Publication date: 1929-12-31

Description

Installation de chauffage par combustible liquide. Installation of heating by liquid fuel.

Le chauffage par combustible liquide, en particulier par heiles lourdes se repand de plus en plus et tend, dass beaucoup d'ap plication, ä remplacer 1e chauffage au char bon. Son Brand avanta.ge, en theorie du moins, est de permettre un reglage tres facile de 1'intensite de la. flamme par 1e reglage du debit du combustible. Dans 1.a pratique cependa,nt, ce reglage,, qui a pu etre obtenu pour les grosses installations, n'a pas encore ehe realise pour les installations de moyenne ou de petite puissance, les dispositifs qui donnent des resultats satisfaisants pour les premieres de ces installations ne fonction nant plus correctement pour les autres. Heating by liquid fuel, in particular by heavy oil, is spreading more and more and tends, in many applications, to replace heating with coal. Its Brand advantage, in theory at least, is to allow very easy adjustment of the intensity of the. flame by adjusting the fuel flow. In practice, however, this adjustment, which could be obtained for large installations, has not yet been carried out for medium or low power installations, the devices which give satisfactory results for the first of these facilities no longer functioning properly for others.

L'inventeur a reussi ä trouver 1a cause de ce phenomene, qui n'est autre qu.e la variation de 1a, viscosite du combustible, soit avec la, temperatures sofft, pour une tempera ture donnee. avec la nature. ou simplement la provena.nce de 1'huile. En effet, Jans les Brandes installations, an realise un debit constant du combustible liquidie au moyen. par exemple, d'un reservoir A niveau constant ou d'un reservoir da.ns lequel regne une pres- The inventor has succeeded in finding the cause of this phenomenon, which is none other than the variation in the viscosity of the fuel, ie with the temperature, for a given temperature. with nature. or simply the provenance of the oil. Indeed, Jans les Brandes facilities, year achieves a constant flow of liquid fuel through. for example, of a reservoir at constant level or of a reservoir in which there is a pres-

sinn constante, 1e reglage de ce debit etant obtenu par un obturateur, par exemple un robinet, p.lace sur 1e conduit reliant 1e r6sei- voir au foyer. Supposons qu'on applique une de ces dispositions ä une petite installa tion, c'est-ä-dire ä une installation oü 1e con duit sus-mentionne est necessairement de pe tite section. Au moment oü il met en train 1'installa.tion, 1e chauffeur regle ce debit en reglant 1'ouverture de 1'obturateur, mai2:. 1'installation fonctionnant, la temperature du local s'eläve, ce qui pro:duit un change ment de la viscosite de 1'huile, changement qui peut etre considerable et qui, vu la faible section dudit conduit, produit unq variation c,3nsiderable du .debit. Si 1e chauffeur n'est pas consciencieux, il ne se preoccupera pas de cette variation et 1'huile debitee,; arrivant en exces au foyer, ne brülera que partielle inent et encrassera. .l'installation; s'il est c-onciencieux, il lui faudra @continuellement iaodifier 1e reglage du debit, et ceci ä tätons, vu que la courbe donnant les variations de fa, viscosite de 1'huile par rapport .ä, la tem p6rature est tres compliquee, et change. en sinn constant, the first adjustment of this flow being obtained by a shutter, for example a tap, placed on the first pipe connecting the first tank to the fireplace. Suppose that one of these provisions is applied to a small installation, that is to say an installation where the conduit mentioned above is necessarily of small section. When he starts the installation, the driver regulates this flow by regulating the opening of the shutter, mai2:. the installation operating, the temperature of the room rises, which produces a change in the viscosity of the oil, a change which can be considerable and which, given the small section of the said conduit, produces a considerable variation of .debit. If the driver is not conscientious, he will not worry about this variation and the oil will be debited; arriving in excess at the hearth, will burn only partially and will clog. .installation; if he is conscientious, he will have to continually modify the flow rate setting, and this by feeling his way, since the curve giving the variations of the viscosity of the oil in relation to the temperature is very complicated. , and changes. in

mitre, suivant la nature, ou meine simple ment la provenanee de cette heile. D'ail leurs, Finventeur a. egalement remarque que des chocs un peu violent.s sur 1e conduit du combustible peuvent causer des variations eonsiderables dann 1e debit; un camion qui passe dans la rue voisine peut produire 1e meme effet qu'une variation de temperature de quelques dizaines de degres. miter, according to nature, or even simply the provenance of this island. Moreover, the inventor has. also note that somewhat violent shocks to the fuel pipe can cause considerable variations in the flow; a truck passing in the neighboring street can produce the same effect as a temperature variation of a few tens of degrees.

Lobjet de la presente invention est une installation de chauffage par combustible liquide remediant aux inconvenients sus-men tionn6s. Cette instadlation de chauffage est caracterisee par uii dispositif d'alimentation, ä, debit @costant place ä la sortie du r6ser voir et par un dispositif de reglage permet tant de regler la quantite d'huile arrivant au foyer pour faire varier Fintens@te de la flamme. The object of the present invention is a liquid fuel heating installation remedying the above-mentioned disadvantages. This heating instadlation is characterized by a supply device, at, costant flow rate placed at the outlet of the reservoir and by an adjustment device allowing both to regulate the quantity of oil arriving at the hearth to vary Fintens@te from the flame.

Ce dispositif d'adimentation pourra eire, par exemple, une pumpe ä debit volumetrique constazt, de pr6ference une pumpe ä piston. I1 est clair quo ee dispositif, faisant passer, Jans un temps donne, une quantite constante de liquide, du reservoir au Foyer, ce dernier sera alimente de fagon reguliere ind6pen damment de la temperature ambiante, des cliocs ou trepidations auxquels est soumise 1'installation, ou de toutes autres causes ex terieures. D'autre pari, en reglant 1e volume debite, soit ä la main, soit automatiquement, par 1e moyen d'un thermostat par exemple, an peut r6gler Fintensite de la flamme. This supply device may be, for example, a constant volumetric flow pump, preferably a piston pump. It is clear that this device, passing, in a given time, a constant quantity of liquid, from the reservoir to the Hearth, the latter will be fed regularly, independently of the ambient temperature, of the shocks or vibrations to which the installation is subjected. , or any other external causes. On the other hand, by regulating the volume delivered, either manually or automatically, by means of a thermostat for example, one can regulate the intensity of the flame.

Le dessin ei-annexe represente, A titre d'exemple, une forme d'execution,d-e 1'ob jet de Finvention, ainsi qu'une variante d'un de tasl. The attached drawing represents, by way of example, a form of execution, of the object of the invention, as well as a variant of a tasl.

La fig. 1. est wie vue generale, en Partie schematique de cette forme d'exkution. La fig. 2 est une coupe ä travers 1e dispositif d'alimentation, suivant la. ligne 11-II de fig. 1 et ä une plus grande khelle. La fig. 3 est une vue en plan, de dessus, dudit disposi tif; la fig. 4 est eine coupe par IV IV de fig. 2. La fig. 5 concerne la variante. fig. 1. is a general view, partly schematic of this form of execution. fig. 2 is a section through the feeder, along. line 11-II of fig. 1 and ä greater khelle. fig. 3 is a plan view, from above, of said device; fig. 4 is a section through IV IV of fig. 2. Fig. 5 relates to the variant.

Dans la forme d'exkution des fig. 1 ä 4. 1. est un moteur eleetrique dont Parbre Porte, -ä son extremite de droite en fig. 1, In the execution form of figs. 1 to 4. 1. is an electric motor whose door shaft, -at its right end in fig. 1,

,un ventilateur ä. ailettes 2, et, monte en bout, un godet 3, dans 1e Fond duquel 1'huile est amenee par los injecteurs 4 et 5. Cette heile,, sous 1'action de la Force centrifu.ge, s'echappe du godet en une nappe situee, ä peu PrA, Jans un plan vertical et se melange ä. fair provenant du ventilateur, et qui tra verse los. passages 6 et 7. 37 est 1e Foyer. L'extremite de gauche., en fig. 1, de Farbre du moteur, commande, par 1'intermediaire d'un dispositif de demultiplication de vitesse, eoniprenant une vis sans vis fin 29 et ume roue helicoidale 30 (fig. 2), 1e dispositif Alimentation plus specialement represente aux fig. 2, 3 et 4, lequel dispositif comprend trois Pompes ä pistons. La Premiere pumpe est relik par un conduit Aspiration 8 au Aservoir e, combustible 9; eile presente d'eux cylindres 10 et 11 dans chacun desquels se meut un piston 12. 13 est la conduite de re foulement qui aboutit ä 1'injecteur 4 place au Fond du godet 3. La seconde pumpe est relik par ha conduite d'aspiration 14 au re sexwoir ä coinbizstible 9, et presente los trois cylindres 15, 16 et 17, dans chacun desquels se deplace un piston 18; sa conduite de re foulement 19 est relik ä un dispositif de reglage 20 relie, dune part, par la-conduite 21 ä 1'injecteur 5, place au Fond du godet 3 et, d'autre Part, par la condnite 22 au reservoir de recuperation 23 pla.ce sous 1e dispositif d'alimentation. Ce reservoir de recuperation, qui esd; destine ü recueillir 1'huilo qui s'ecoule par les joints du.dit mecanisme, est relie par an conduit d'aspiration 24 ä, la troisieme pumpe, la.quelle comprend los trois cylindres 25, 26, 27, et @dont.le eonduit,de refoulement 28 est relie au reservoir ä. combustible 9. , a fan ä. fins 2, and, mounted at the end, a bucket 3, into the bottom of which the oil is brought by the injectors 4 and 5. This heile, under the action of the centrifugal force, escapes from the bucket in a tablecloth located, at little PrA, Jans a vertical plane and mixes with. air coming from the fan, and which passes through the los. passages 6 and 7. 37 is the 1st Hearth. The left extremity, in fig. 1, of the motor shaft, controls, by means of a gear reduction device, including a screwless end 29 and a helical wheel 30 (fig. 2), the first power supply device more specifically represented in figs. 2, 3 and 4, which device comprises three piston pumps. The First pump is connected by an Aspiration 8 pipe to the Tank e, fuel 9; it has two cylinders 10 and 11 in each of which a piston 12 moves. 14 to the coinbiztable re-sexwoir 9, and presents the three cylinders 15, 16 and 17, in each of which a piston 18 moves; its discharge pipe 19 is connected to an adjustment device 20 connected, on the one hand, by the pipe 21 to the injector 5, placed at the bottom of the bucket 3 and, on the other hand, by the pipe 22 to the reservoir of recovery 23 pla.ce under the first feeder. This recovery tank, which esd; destined to collect 1'huilo flowing through the joints du.dit mecanisme, is connected by year suction conduit 24 ä, the third pumpe, la.quelle comprises los three cylinders 25, 26, 27, and @dont. the eonduit, discharge 28 is connected to the reservoir ä. fuel 9.

Les huit pistons des trois: Pompes sus d6crites sont actionnes par 1e plateau 31, monte obliquement sur 1'arbre 32, sIL1r loquel est clavetee la roue helicoidale 30 sus-men tionnee. A cet effet, la. tige de chacun des pistons presente, ä son extremite Zibre,, une pike en C, 33, dorrt 1a b ande branche me diane epuie par 1'intermediaire Xun rouleau 3'3a et sous Faction du ressort 34, contre la Peripherie dudit Plateau, tandis quo ce dernier The eight pistons of the three pumps described above are actuated by the first plate 31, mounted obliquely on the shaft 32, sIL1r loquel is keyed the helical wheel 30 above mentioned. For this purpose, the. rod of each of the pistons presents, at its Zibre end, a pike in C, 33, rests the median band exhausted by the intermediary of Xun roller 3'3a and under the action of the spring 34, against the Periphery of the said Plate, while the latter

est enserre entre les deux petites branches extremes de kette piece en C. Le pourtour du Plateau 31, ainsi qu'on 1e voit specialement en fig. 3, est limite par.deux demi-circonferenees 35 et 35a Je diametres differents, 1e Passage @d'un idiametre ä lautre se produisamt sur 1e diainetre 1e plus inaaline du Plateau, diametre par oü passe la coupe de la fig. 2. Chaque piston prese,nte cleux rainures longitudinales 36. is sandwiched between the two small end branches of this piece in C. The periphery of the Plate 31, as seen especially in fig. 3, is limited by two half-circumferees 35 and 35a I different diameters, the 1st Passage from one diameter to the other occurs on the 1st most uneven diameter of the Plateau, diameter through which passes the section of FIG. 2. Each piston has two longitudinal grooves 36.

Le dispositif de reglage 20 se manoauvre soit ä la main, soit automatiquement, par 1e moyen d'un thermostat place sous la dgpen tdance de 1.a temperature du foyer, soit des deux manieres ä. la fois, et peut mehre la conduite 19 en relation, soit avec la con duite 21, soit avec la conduite 22. Süpposons qu'on ne veuille qu'une petite flamme: Le dispositif de reglage 20, dann ce ras, relie la conduite 19 avec la conduite 22. Le mo teur 1 etant suppose en fonction, les huit pistons sus-mentionnes vont se deplacer dans leurs cylindres de la fagon dgcrite plus loin. La Premiere pompe. comprenant les cylin dres -10 et 11, aspirera, du combustible dann le reservoir 9, par la conduite 8, et 1e re foulera par la- conduite 13 dann 1e godet 3. La deuxieme pompe, comprenant les cylindres 15, 16 et 17 aspirera, egalement de 1'huile dans 1e rgservoir 9., par 1a conduite 14, et Fenverra, par -la conduite de refaulement 19, dans 1e -dispositif de reglage 20; .de Ih, eile Passera, par la conduite 22, däns 1e reservoir de recuperation 23, d'oü eile Sera aspiree, ainsi que 1'huile provenant des fuites, par la troisieme pompe qui refoulera 1e liquide dans 1e reservoir 9. Supposons qu'on veuihe i;ne grande flamme: Le dispositif de com mande 20 Sera m.anoeuvre en iconsequence et reliera 1e conduit 19 avec la. conduite 21; 1'huile aspiree par 1a, secon.de pompe, au lieu d'etre envoyee däns 1e reservoir de recupera tion, trau ersera 1e conduit 21 et arrivera dans 1e godet 3, augmentant ainsi la quantite d'huile livree au foyer, et augmentant Pin tensit6 de la flamme. The adjustment device 20 is maneuvered either manually or automatically, by means of a thermostat placed under the control of the hearth temperature, or in both ways. at a time, and can connect pipe 19 in connection either with pipe 21 or with pipe 22. 19 with line 22. Motor 1 being assumed to be in operation, the eight pistons mentioned above will move in their cylinders in the manner described below. The First Pump. comprising the cylinders -10 and 11, will draw in fuel from the tank 9, via the pipe 8, and the first re will press through the pipe 13 into the bucket 3. The second pump, comprising the cylinders 15, 16 and 17 will draw , also 1'huile in the first rgservoir 9, by 1a conduit 14, and Fenverra, by -the discharge pipe 19, in the first -adjusting device 20; .of Ih, it will pass, through line 22, into the recovery tank 23, from where it will be sucked, as well as the oil coming from the leaks, by the third pump which will deliver the liquid in the 1st reservoir 9. Suppose we vuihe i; a large flame: The control device 20 will be m.anoeuvre in iconequence and will connect the 1st conduit 19 with the. driving 21; the oil sucked by the second pump, instead of being sent to the recovery tank, will pass through the conduit 21 and will arrive in the bucket 3, thus increasing the quantity of oil delivered to the hearth, and increasing Pin flame intensity.

La commande de 1'un des huit pistons, par exemple,du piston 12, represente ä, drohe Control of one of the eight pistons, for example, piston 12, represents ä, right

de la fig. 2, .a licu de la fagon suivante: Dans rette figure, 1e piston est ä fin de eonrse su perieure; ä mesure. que 1e .Plateau 31 va Immer, .ce dernier obligera 1e piston ä Jes cendre, en refoulant 1'huile par la rainure 36 dans la conduite 13. Au bout d'un demi tour du Plateau 31, 1e piston 12 sera ä fin de course inferieure; ä ce moment-1ä, se pre sentera contre 1e rouleau 33a de 1a -branche m6diane de la piece en C, 33, la Partie 35, de Petit diametre, du pourtour du plateaia 31. Sous 1'action du ressort 34, 1e rouleau 33a sus-mentionne viendra s'appliquer eontre la Partie 35, faisant tourner 1e piston sur lui-.meme autour de son axe vertical d'un eertain angle. Gräce ä ce .mouvement de ro ta-hon, la rainure 36 sera sgparee de la con duite de refoulement, tandis que Fautre rai, nure, non representee, viendra en regard de 1a, conduite @d',a.spiration. Les sept autres pistons fonetionneront de la meme maniere, m.ais avec un .certain dgcalage. of fig. 2, .a licu as follows: In this figure, the first piston is at the end of superior coonrse; to measure. plate 31 is going to immerse, the latter will force the piston to ash, forcing the oil through the groove 36 into the pipe 13. After half a turn of the plate 31, the piston 12 will be at the end of lower race; at this moment, will present itself against the first roller 33a of the middle branch of the C part 33, the Part 35, of small diameter, of the periphery of the plate 31. Under 1 ' action of the spring 34, the first roller 33a mentioned above will come to rest against the Part 35, causing the first piston to turn on itself around its vertical axis through a certain angle. Thanks to this rotary movement, the groove 36 will be separated from the discharge pipe, while the other spoke, nure, not shown, will come opposite the pipe @d', a.spiration. The other seven pistons will operate in the same way, but with some offset.

Gräce au fai_t que chacune des Premiere et deuxieme p.ompes possede plusieurs petits cylindres, l'huile, lorsque Fon marche ä pleine flamme, sera debitee dans 1e foyer par petites quantites, se suivant ä intervalles tres rapprochgs, de facon que ce dgbit se rap proche d'an debit continu. Thanks to the fact that each of the first and second pumps has several small cylinders, the oil, when it is running at full flame, will be flowed into the hearth in small quantities, following each other at very close intervals, so that this flow is rap close to year continuous flow.

Le moteur, 1e ventilateur, 1e godet et 1e dispositif d',ali.mentation sont enfermes Jans un sein e t meme carter horizontal. Pour les installations oü il est preferable que la flamme s'gtende Jans un plan horizontal plu töt que veiecal, 1e godet 3, au lieu :d'etre maate au bout ,de Farbre moteur, pourra etre monte, comme represente en fig. 5, sur un arbre vertical 38, . oomm,ande depuis 1'arbre du moteur 39 par un engrenage. The engine, the first fan, the first bucket and the first device, ali.mentation are enclosed Jans a breast and t same horizontal housing. For installations where it is preferable that the flame extend Jans a horizontal plane rather than veiecal, the first cup 3, instead of being maate at the end of the motor shaft, can be mounted, as shown in FIG. 5, on a vertical shaft 38, . oomm, ande from the motor shaft 39 by a gear.

Bien entendu, Pinvention n'est pas limi tee ä .ce qui vient Jetre decrit. En partieu lieur, si Fon veut produire plusieurs intensi tes de la flamme, an pourra augmenter 1e nombre des Pompes, ou si Von veut que 1e dgbit d'huile se rapproche encore davantage du dgbit continu, augmenter dans chaque pompe 1e nombre des pistons. Of course, the invention is not limited to what has just been described. In part, if you want to produce several intensities of the flame, you can increase the number of pumps, or if you want the oil flow to be even closer to continuous flow, increase the number of pistons in each pump.

Claims

CLAIM Heating installation by c-Gmbustible liquid, characterized by a constant flow supply device placed at the outlet of the reservoir and by an adjustment device making it possible to adjust the quantity of oil a.r rivent at the hearth to vary 1 ' flame intensity.

SUB-CLAIMS

1 Installation @de heating by liquid fuel according to claim, characterized in that the first device -Alimentation com takes at least two piston pumps, working together at constant speed and connected by a suction line to the fuel tank, these pumps being further connected by a discharge pipe, one directly to the hearth, and the other to the regulating device connected itself, on the other hand, to the hearth, and, on the other hand, to the reservoir, 4th so that the operation of this adjustment device makes it possible to direct the fluid flow by the second pump, either towards the hearth, to increase the total flow rate, of oil, or towards the reservoir, when this @debit: must remain minimum. Installation of liquid fuel heating according to sub-claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus for regulating the Ast flow rate is connected to the above-mentioned tank via the intermediary of a recovery tank placed below the pumps mentioned above, and 4 years from which also the oil escaping from the seals, this Mant recovery tank is connected, by a suction pipe, to a third pump also placed above the tank. rkupration and @whose discharge line is connected to the combustible cam tank. 3 Liquid-fuel heating installation, according to 1.a sub-claim 2, characterized in that each pump comprises several pistons which are all controlled by a common device, so that their strokes are staggered relative to each other, iin the first goal

that the 1st 4th bit is the closest to a continuous flow. 4 Installation of heating by liquid fuel, according to sub-revendlcation 3, carae t6ris6e in that the first device .de control of the pedals comprises a plate rotatable around -d'un .axe relative to which it is inclined, plate whose first for turn is limited by @d'eux @demi-circonf6ren, these of different diameters, the free extremity of the rod of each of the pistons presents a part in C: whose graude brauche me, diane, under the action Tun springs out , supported by the intermediary of a roller on the first periphery of said plate, while the two small extreme branches of it tighten this plate between them, .1e all so that the first plate, in rotation, good with each piston its movement back and forth and, at the same time, a movement, of rotation on itself at the points where the periphery of the Plate changes @of -(1i.ametre, movement, of rotation which produces the first change of @distributian of the piston, 5 Liquid fuel heating installation according to sub-claim 1, characterized in that the pumps are driven by one end of the shaft of an electric motor, the other end of which turns a fan. as well as a bucket in the bottom from which the oil arrives, there which is expelled by centrifugal force to the periphery of the bucket where it mixes with the air set in motion by the fan. 6 Installation @de heating by liquid fuel, according to sub-claim 5, characterized in that Ale bucket is, in the first extension of .faxe of the shaft, of the engine and is Carried by this shaft. 7 Liquid fuel heating installation according to sub-claim 5, characterized in that the bucket is mounted on a shaft whose axis is situated in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the engine.