CA3052354A1 - Construction system - Google Patents
Construction system Download PDFInfo
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- CA3052354A1 CA3052354A1 CA3052354A CA3052354A CA3052354A1 CA 3052354 A1 CA3052354 A1 CA 3052354A1 CA 3052354 A CA3052354 A CA 3052354A CA 3052354 A CA3052354 A CA 3052354A CA 3052354 A1 CA3052354 A1 CA 3052354A1
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- Prior art keywords
- segments
- slats
- another
- cross
- segment
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
- E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
- E04B2/701—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function
- E04B2/702—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function with longitudinal horizontal elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction system consisting substantially of segments consisting of bars that are dowelled together, the dowels being inserted into aligned transverse boreholes of the bars. Similarly, the segments of a wall and a floor board or ceiling board are dowelled together.
Description
02.02.2018 =
Construction System The invention relates to a construction system comprising segments, which are prefabricated or which can be pre-assembled, respectively, for constructing tall structures, in particular walls or the like.
It is known from DE 102 30 323 Al to arrange solid wood slats comprising a regular hexagonal cross section next to one another to form a hexagonal honeycomb pattern and to connect them to one another by means of anchors, which traverse cross holes, which are aligned with one another, in the solid wood slats. The cross holes in the solid wood slats are here in each case provided at predetermined distances in the longitudinal slat direction, in each case vertically and centrally between two hexagon sides located diametrically opposite one another. Anchor ducts are thus present in three different directions in the axial view of a solid wood slat, wherein two anchor ducts in each case form angles of 60 degrees or 120 degrees, respectively, in the axial view of the solid wood slat. When at least three solid wood slats are arranged next to one another in such a way that their cross sections form a triangular or cloverleaf-like surface, the anchor ducts cross one another in the axial view of the slats in such a way that a positive and non-positive bond is attained between the solid wood slats when the anchors have been driven in.
DE 10 2007 006 721 Al shows that the slats can also have a different six-fold rotationally symmetrical cross section for example in the shape of a regular dodecagon, instead of a regular hexagonal cross section. Circular cross sections are furthermore also conceivable, as in particular shown by DE 10 2004 007 689 Al.
The slats can finally be formed in a tubular manner and can be rolled from paper, wherein the paper layers, which lie on top of one another, can be connected to one another by means of starch. The solid wood slats can furthermore also have longitudinal ducts or can be formed in a tubular manner comprising a central hole.
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= P 3760009W0 02.02.2018
Construction System The invention relates to a construction system comprising segments, which are prefabricated or which can be pre-assembled, respectively, for constructing tall structures, in particular walls or the like.
It is known from DE 102 30 323 Al to arrange solid wood slats comprising a regular hexagonal cross section next to one another to form a hexagonal honeycomb pattern and to connect them to one another by means of anchors, which traverse cross holes, which are aligned with one another, in the solid wood slats. The cross holes in the solid wood slats are here in each case provided at predetermined distances in the longitudinal slat direction, in each case vertically and centrally between two hexagon sides located diametrically opposite one another. Anchor ducts are thus present in three different directions in the axial view of a solid wood slat, wherein two anchor ducts in each case form angles of 60 degrees or 120 degrees, respectively, in the axial view of the solid wood slat. When at least three solid wood slats are arranged next to one another in such a way that their cross sections form a triangular or cloverleaf-like surface, the anchor ducts cross one another in the axial view of the slats in such a way that a positive and non-positive bond is attained between the solid wood slats when the anchors have been driven in.
DE 10 2007 006 721 Al shows that the slats can also have a different six-fold rotationally symmetrical cross section for example in the shape of a regular dodecagon, instead of a regular hexagonal cross section. Circular cross sections are furthermore also conceivable, as in particular shown by DE 10 2004 007 689 Al.
The slats can finally be formed in a tubular manner and can be rolled from paper, wherein the paper layers, which lie on top of one another, can be connected to one another by means of starch. The solid wood slats can furthermore also have longitudinal ducts or can be formed in a tubular manner comprising a central hole.
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= P 3760009W0 02.02.2018
2 One advantage of these known slats is that the connection thereof to adjacent slats can be carried out easily by means of the anchors. In the case of the production of a relatively large wall or the like, the effort is nonetheless relatively great.
This is the starting point for the invention, which has the object of significantly reducing the production effort for walls, ceilings and/or floors.
This object is achieved by means of the features of claim 1.
The invention is based on the general idea of initially prefabricating segments, which are relatively large, though still well-manageable, from slats, wherein the cross sections of the slats of each segment contact one another tangentially and are arranged in honeycombs of a virtual regular hexagonal honeycomb mesh, which is free from empty space.
A positive and non-positive bond of the slats within each segment is ensured on the one hand by means of the anchor connections, which are known per se, between the slats of a segment. On the other hand, the segments can be put together in such a way that anchor ducts passing through between them arise and adjacent segments can be connected via anchors, which are shared by two segments.
The segments preferably have a cuboid-like shape, in the case of which the honeycomb mesh enveloping the slats has, on the one hand, two longitudinal sides, which are located opposite one another and which are parallel to in the longitudinal slat axes, comprising a triangular corrugated profile and, on the other hand, two longitudinal sides located opposite one another comprising a rib profile, wherein the ribs of the honeycomb mesh in each case have a trapezoidal profile formed of three hexagon sides of the respective honeycomb, and the chamfers between the ribs have a complementary concave trapezoidal profile.
If the respective segment only has slats comprising the hexagonal cross section of the honeycombs of the honeycomb mesh on the outer sides, the outer sides of the segment have a profile which corresponds to the profile of the honeycomb mesh.
. P 3760009W0 02.02.2018 =
This is the starting point for the invention, which has the object of significantly reducing the production effort for walls, ceilings and/or floors.
This object is achieved by means of the features of claim 1.
The invention is based on the general idea of initially prefabricating segments, which are relatively large, though still well-manageable, from slats, wherein the cross sections of the slats of each segment contact one another tangentially and are arranged in honeycombs of a virtual regular hexagonal honeycomb mesh, which is free from empty space.
A positive and non-positive bond of the slats within each segment is ensured on the one hand by means of the anchor connections, which are known per se, between the slats of a segment. On the other hand, the segments can be put together in such a way that anchor ducts passing through between them arise and adjacent segments can be connected via anchors, which are shared by two segments.
The segments preferably have a cuboid-like shape, in the case of which the honeycomb mesh enveloping the slats has, on the one hand, two longitudinal sides, which are located opposite one another and which are parallel to in the longitudinal slat axes, comprising a triangular corrugated profile and, on the other hand, two longitudinal sides located opposite one another comprising a rib profile, wherein the ribs of the honeycomb mesh in each case have a trapezoidal profile formed of three hexagon sides of the respective honeycomb, and the chamfers between the ribs have a complementary concave trapezoidal profile.
If the respective segment only has slats comprising the hexagonal cross section of the honeycombs of the honeycomb mesh on the outer sides, the outer sides of the segment have a profile which corresponds to the profile of the honeycomb mesh.
. P 3760009W0 02.02.2018 =
3 If, in contrast, the outer sides of the segment are formed by slats comprising a circular profile, a profile comprising consecutive convex circular bottoms or a rib profile comprising alternately consecutive convex circular arcs (ribs) and concave circular arcs (chamfers), respectively, results instead of the triangular corrugated profile. The profile at the corresponding side of the associated honeycomb mesh is generally mentioned below for identifying different lateral surfaces of a segment.
When constructing walls, the longitudinal segment sides comprising the triangular corrugated profile preferably form the wall outer sides or the wall inner sides, respectively, while the longitudinal sides comprising the rib profile form the connecting surfaces, at which the segments connect to adjacent segments in the cross direction to the longitudinal axes of the slats.
It is particularly advantageous here that the ribs and the chamfers at the connecting sides predetermine the target positions of the segments in the cross direction to one another in a readily visible manner. The correct position of the segments in the longitudinal direction to one another can be identified in that anchor ducts, which correspond to or with one another, have to lie in a joint plane, which extends orthogonally to the longitudinal slat axes, in the cross direction of the adjacent segments. The outputs and inputs of these anchor ducts are readily visible at the segments, regardless of whether or not anchors are inserted.
When constructing walls, the segments are generally arranged horizontally, i.e. the longitudinal axes of the slats forming the segments extend in the horizontal direction.
Similarly as in the case of a brick wall, the walls can be "bricked" in this case, in that a first segment row of segments, which are successively arranged end to end in the longitudinal direction, is initially formed on a floor surface, and a second segment row is then placed onto the above-mentioned first segment row, wherein the segments of the second segment row in each case bridge the joints between the segments of the first segment row, i.e. the segments of the second segment row are generally arranged offset by half a segment length as compared to the segments of the first segment row.
The extent of the longitudinal offset is in particular selected in such a way that the anchor ducts, which in each case vertically extend through the segments, are aligned 02.02.2018
When constructing walls, the longitudinal segment sides comprising the triangular corrugated profile preferably form the wall outer sides or the wall inner sides, respectively, while the longitudinal sides comprising the rib profile form the connecting surfaces, at which the segments connect to adjacent segments in the cross direction to the longitudinal axes of the slats.
It is particularly advantageous here that the ribs and the chamfers at the connecting sides predetermine the target positions of the segments in the cross direction to one another in a readily visible manner. The correct position of the segments in the longitudinal direction to one another can be identified in that anchor ducts, which correspond to or with one another, have to lie in a joint plane, which extends orthogonally to the longitudinal slat axes, in the cross direction of the adjacent segments. The outputs and inputs of these anchor ducts are readily visible at the segments, regardless of whether or not anchors are inserted.
When constructing walls, the segments are generally arranged horizontally, i.e. the longitudinal axes of the slats forming the segments extend in the horizontal direction.
Similarly as in the case of a brick wall, the walls can be "bricked" in this case, in that a first segment row of segments, which are successively arranged end to end in the longitudinal direction, is initially formed on a floor surface, and a second segment row is then placed onto the above-mentioned first segment row, wherein the segments of the second segment row in each case bridge the joints between the segments of the first segment row, i.e. the segments of the second segment row are generally arranged offset by half a segment length as compared to the segments of the first segment row.
The extent of the longitudinal offset is in particular selected in such a way that the anchor ducts, which in each case vertically extend through the segments, are aligned 02.02.2018
4 with one another, and the two segment rows can be connected to one another or fixed relative to one another, respectively, by means of anchors, which are inserted into the these vertical anchor ducts. In anchor ducts which pass through between the longitudinal sides of the segments that are arranged on top of one another and which extend through the connection surface between the two segments, anchors that pass through are then additionally driven in, so that a bond, which is highly stressable in all directions, results between the segments that are arranged on top of one another.
Extremely stable corner connections between walls can also be established in an advantageous manner by means of the construction system according to the invention.
Here, the fact is utilized that the segments within a wall are typically arranged in segment rows arranged on top of one another, in each case offset to the segment row located therebelow. In the case of a corner connection, a lower segment row of a second wall, which is arranged at right angles to a first wall, can thus connect end to end to the longitudinal side of the corresponding lower segment row of the first wall, while the further segment row, which is arranged on the first segment row of the cross wall, overlaps the respective lower segment row of the first wall with a segment in the cross direction, wherein milled recesses will be or are preferably formed, respectively, in the connecting sides, which face one another, of the mutually overlapping segments of the first and second wall, in accordance with the profile of the connecting side of the respective other segment, so that a positive engagement between the segments of the first and second wall, which are arranged angularly to one another, is attained within the overlap area. As a result, a positive dovetail joint between walls, which are arranged at an angle to one another, can thus be achieved.
Even if it is generally expedient to arrange the segments horizontally, i.e.
with longitudinal axes of the slats extending in the horizontal direction, a standing arrangement of the segments with vertical longitudinal slat axes is also readily possible and may also be expedient. It is advantageous here that further segments can be connected to a standing segment at two lateral surfaces of the first segment, which are orthogonal to one another, in order to establish a corner connection between walls.
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With regard to preferred embodiments of the invention, reference is moreover made to the following description of the drawing, by means of which the invention will be described in more detail. In said drawing Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a standard segment Fig. 2 shows a cross section of two parallel segments arranged on top of one another Figs. 3A to 3F show various exemplary cross sections of segments, wherein a corresponding lateral view is in each case also illustrated, Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of a floor or ceiling plate on and below a wall part Fig. 5 shows the cross section of a hexagonal honeycomb of a virtual honeycomb mesh receiving the slats of a segment Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a segment, which is provided for a corner connection of walls, comprising a lateral plane surface Fig. 7 shows a perspective exploded illustration of a connection of two walls with a T-shaped contour Fig. 8 shows a perspective illustration of a possible corner connection of two walls.
The segment 1 illustrated in Figure 1 consists for example of solid wood slats 2, which each have a regular hexagonal cross section. The solid wood slats 2 here form five layers 3,1 to 3,5, which are arranged next to one another. Cross holes 4,1 to 4,3 are in each case provided in the slats 2, wherein cross holes corresponding to one another are in each case provided in a joint cross plane of the beams, so that the cross holes 4,1 of all slats 2 as well as the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 are in each case arranged in a joint cross plane of the segment 1. The mentioned cross holes 4,1 to 4,3 are provided to receive anchors, by means of which the slats 2 of the segment 1 are or can be , , 02.02.2018 -connected to one another, respectively. Cross holes 4,1 or 4,2 or 4,3, which correspond to one another, here form anchor ducts extending through constantly across a plurality of slat cross sections, so that a plurality of slats of the segment 1 are in each case connected to one another in the cross direction by means of a single long anchor. The paths of the cross holes 4,1 to 4,3 are illustrated in Figure 1 at the front end face of the segment 1 by means of dashed lines, wherein it becomes apparent that each layer 3,1 to 3,5 can be held together by means of anchors in the cross holes 4,1 that are vertical in Figure 1, and the anchors in the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 can in each case hold together a plurality of the layers 3,1 to 3,5.
Additional cross holes 5, which are aligned with one another, for forming cable ducts or the like can moreover be provided in the slats 2.
Such a cable duct 5 is visible at the front end face of the segment of Figure 1 in a cut open manner.
In the example of Figure 1, the segment 1 illustrated therein consists of solid wood slats 2. However, other slats are in principle also conceivable, as has already been suggested above.
For example, all slats 2 can be extended through by one or a plurality of holes in the longitudinal direction. Instead of the regular hexagonal cross section, a different six-fold rotationally symmetrical cross section or in particular a circular cross section can moreover be provided, wherein the diameter of the circular cross section is to correspond to the distance between two hexagon sides of the hexagonal cross section located diametrically opposite one another. It is readily possible in such a case to assemble one segment partially of slats comprising a hexagonal cross section and partially of slats comprising a circular cross section, as shown by Figure 2.
In the example of Figure 2, like in the example of Figure 1, five layers 3,1 to 3,5, which are arranged next to one another, are provided here, wherein the layers 3,3 and 3,5 are formed by solid wood slats comprising a regular hexagonal cross section, and the remaining layers 3,1 and 3,2 as well as 3,4 are formed by slats in the form of tube profiles. These tube profiles can for example be rolled from paper, wherein the paper 02.02.2018 =
layers are fixed on top of one another by means of a starch-based binding agent. In the case of a wall thickness of approx. 1 cm, tube profiles can be created thereby, the mechanical stressability of which corresponds to that of the solid wood slats or is even greater. If the diameter of the tube profiles corresponds to the distance between two sides of the solid wood profile, which are located diametrically opposite one another, comprising a regular hexagonal cross section, the solid wood slats 2 and the tubular slats form a honeycomb mesh, wherein each slat is received in a honeycomb of the honeycomb mesh, the individual honeycombs of which in each case correspond to the cross section of a solid wood slat.
It can moreover be seen from Figure 2 that in the case of vertical arrangement of the layers 3,1 to 3,5, longitudinal sides, which extend in the vertical direction and which have the profile of a triangular corrugation or the profile of convex semicircular arcs, which are periodically consecutive, respectively, are formed on the one hand on the segment 1. Longitudinal sides comprising a pronounced chamfer or rib profile, respectively, are formed on the underside as well as the top side of the segment, wherein the upper horizontal longitudinal side in the illustrated example has two ribs and the opposite lower horizontal longitudinal side has three longitudinal ribs.
It simultaneously becomes clear from Figure 2 how two segments 1,1 and 1,2 can be arranged on top of one another at a connecting plane or surface, respectively, which is arranged in a dotted manner. By way of its two chamfers on the underside, the upper segment 1,1 is placed on to the two ribs on the top side of the lower segment 1, 2, namely in such a way that the cross holes 4,1 of both segments 1,1 and 1,2, which are vertical in this position of the segments 1,1 and 1,2, are aligned with one another. It is simultaneously ensured thereby that the further cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 of both segments 1,1 and 1,2 in each case lie in a joint cross plane, which extend orthogonally to the longitudinal axes of the segments or their slats, respectively.
The anchors inserted in the vertical cross holes 4.1 of each segment 1.1 or 1.2, respectively, are generally dimensioned in such a way that they extend through all slats, which are arranged vertically on top of one another, at right angles. If two segments 1,1 and 1,2 are now arranged on top of one another, a first fixation of the segments 1,1 and 1,2 can be attained in that the anchors located in the vertical cross holes of the upper segment 1,1 are advanced downwards by half a diameter of the slats comprising a = 02.02.2018 circular cross section or by half a distance between sides of the hexagonal cross section located diametrically opposite one another, respectively, by means of corresponding tools, wherein the vertical anchors of the upper segment 1,1 are inserted accordingly far into the adjacent cross holes of the lower segment 1,2, and anchors from the lower segment 1,2 are simultaneously inserted into non-illustrated depressions of a floor plate or the like, on which the lower segment 1,2 is supported. The anchors in the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 can be handled in an essentially similar manner, wherein it may also be provided to initially leave in the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 without anchors, provided that they continue beyond the connecting surface 6 in the respective next segment 1,2, so that a correspondingly long anchor can be driven in, the one half of which is received in the upper segment 1,1 and the other half of which is received in the lower segment 1,2. The same applies for the cross holes 4,3.
Figures 3 A to 3 F show further combinations of solid wood slats 2 and rolled paper tubes in an exemplary manner, wherein these slats and tubes, in turn, are received in honeycombs of a virtual regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern. The paper tubes can be filled with a heat-insulating material, for example with cellulose flakes. A
wall comprising high thermal insulation properties can be constructed in this way. The tubes furthermore also provide sonic advantages, in that they provide for a good sound insulation.
Even though the construction of walls from the segments 1 to 1,2 has been described by means of Figures 1 to 3, it can be understood that floor or ceiling plates, respectively, as well as roof plates can also be assembled in a corresponding manner. In the case of such floor or ceiling plates, respectively, or roof plates, extra-long segments 1 are preferably used, if an increased bending stiffness of these plates is necessary, while short "standard segments" can otherwise also be used here.
Figure 4 now shows how a ceiling plate 7 can be supported on a wall 8, or how a wall 9 can be placed onto the ceiling plate 7, respectively, when the longitudinal axes of the slats, which form the ceiling plate 7, extend at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the slats or segments forming the walls 8 and 9.
It can be seen from Figure 4 that milled recesses 10 are made on the top side and underside of the ceiling plate 7, which milled recesses correspond to the chamfer or rib 02.02.2018 profile, respectively, of the connecting surface, on the underside or top side, respectively, of the walls 8 or 9, respectively. The shape of the cross section of the milled recesses 10 can be seen from Figure 4. An individual hexagonal honeycomb of the honeycomb mesh receiving the slats 2 of a segment 1 is illustrated there by means of dashes, wherein the cross section of this honeycomb corresponds to the cross section of a slat 2 comprising a hexagonal cross section. Such a honeycomb can also receive a corresponding slat comprising a circular cross section, wherein the circumference tangentially contacts all six sides of the illustrated honeycomb. If the profile of the milled recesses now corresponds to the upper or lower half of the hexagonal honeycomb illustrated in Figure 5, the walls 8 or 9, respectively, can be received in an unconstrained manner, regardless of whether these walls consist of slats comprising a hexagonal cross section or a circular cross section.
Advantageous constructions for walls, which are connected to one another in an angular or T-shaped manner, will be illustrated below by means of Figures 6 et seqq.
According to Figure 6, a plane surface 11 can be produced for this purpose by means of milling at the end area of a segment 1,1 at a vertical longitudinal side.
According to Figure 7, the end face of a segment 1,2 can connect end to end to this plane surface 11, so that the elements 1,1 and 1,2 form a right angle in top view from above.
Other angles are in principle also possible. The end face of the segment 1,2 facing the plane surface 11 of the segment 1,1 has to be obliquely cut in a corresponding manner in this case. If tubular slats or the like are provided instead of the segments 1,1 comprising solid wood slats 2 illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, a segment 1,3, which, on the one hand, fits with its underside rib profile onto the top-side rib profile of the segment 1,2 and, on the other hand, into the milled recesses 12 on the top side of the segment 1,1, can be placed on by means of a milling process.
If the segment 1,2 is not to connect to the segment 1,1 at right angles, the milled recesses 12 have to be formed obliquely to the longitudinal axes of the slats of the segment 1,1 in a corresponding manner.
= 02.02.2018 As a result, a positive dovetail joint can be attained in this way between wall parts, which are arranged at an angle to one another.
The milled recesses 12, however, are not absolutely necessary for a positive dovetail joint. As shown in Figure 8, segments or wall parts, respectively, which are arranged angularly to one another, can also be arranged on top of one another or adjacent to one another, respectively, by way of plane surfaces which are adapted to one another. In the case of a corresponding dimensioning of the end areas, which engage with one another in a comb-like manner, of the walls which are arranged angularly to one another, a possibly desired positive connection can also be attained in that at least a portion of the cross holes 4,1, which vertically extend through the respective segments, are aligned with one another in the case of segments of a corner connection which are arranged on top of one another. This is readily possible in the case of a corresponding dimensioning of the segments 1,1 and 1,2. Anchors can thus be inserted into these holes 4,1 in such a way that they are partially received in a segment 1,1 and partially in the other segment 1,2, and thus establish a positive connection between these segments 1,2.
In the example of Figure 8, slats 13 comprising a trapezoidal profile in accordance with one half of the hexagonal cross section of a honeycomb are provided at some of the segments crossing one another in order to form continuous plane surfaces.
These slats comprising a trapezoidal profile can possibly also be omitted; at least they are not necessary for the stability of an angular connection between wall elements.
This is in each case illustrated in Figure 8 at the lower horizontal longitudinal sides of the segments crossing one another angularly, so that chamfers 14 comprising a trapezoidal profile thus remain here.
In the case of Figures 6 to 8, angular connections are in each case illustrated between wall parts, wherein the slats of the segments forming the wall parts are arranged horizontally.
It is in principle also possible to produce wall parts from segments comprising horizontally arranged slats, wherein the slats then form a palisade-like arrangement.
02.02.2018 The corner connections illustrated in Figures 6 to 8 would represent a possible connection between a wall of vertical slats and a ceiling or floor plate in such a case.
Figure 4 shows how a wall can connect to a floor or ceiling plate when the slats of the wall and plate segments are aligned vertically to one another.
If, in contrast, the slats of the wall and plate segments are aligned parallel to one another, the segments of a floor or ceiling plate can connect laterally to segments of the wall, whereby the wall and plate segments are connected to one another by means of anchors.
The floor or ceiling plate, respectively, then has a cross section according to the segment in Figure 1, but with multiple layers 3,1 to 3,5.
The walls, floors, ceilings and/or roof surfaces produced with the segments can be provided with essentially any desired claddings in a basically known manner.
In the case of cladded building parts, segments, which consist exclusively of tubular slats rolled from paper, can regularly be used in a cost-efficient manner.
In the case of non-cladded building parts, builders generally prefer segments the visible slats of which consist of wood.
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02.02.2018 List of Reference Numerals 1; 1,1; 1,2 segment 2 slat 3,1; 3,2; 3,3 layer 4,1; 4,2; 4,3 cross hole additional cross hole (cable duct) 6 connecting surface 7 ceiling plate 8 wall 9 wall milled recess 11 plane surface 12 milled recess 13 slat comprising trapezoidal cross section 14 chamfer comprising trapezoidal cross section
Extremely stable corner connections between walls can also be established in an advantageous manner by means of the construction system according to the invention.
Here, the fact is utilized that the segments within a wall are typically arranged in segment rows arranged on top of one another, in each case offset to the segment row located therebelow. In the case of a corner connection, a lower segment row of a second wall, which is arranged at right angles to a first wall, can thus connect end to end to the longitudinal side of the corresponding lower segment row of the first wall, while the further segment row, which is arranged on the first segment row of the cross wall, overlaps the respective lower segment row of the first wall with a segment in the cross direction, wherein milled recesses will be or are preferably formed, respectively, in the connecting sides, which face one another, of the mutually overlapping segments of the first and second wall, in accordance with the profile of the connecting side of the respective other segment, so that a positive engagement between the segments of the first and second wall, which are arranged angularly to one another, is attained within the overlap area. As a result, a positive dovetail joint between walls, which are arranged at an angle to one another, can thus be achieved.
Even if it is generally expedient to arrange the segments horizontally, i.e.
with longitudinal axes of the slats extending in the horizontal direction, a standing arrangement of the segments with vertical longitudinal slat axes is also readily possible and may also be expedient. It is advantageous here that further segments can be connected to a standing segment at two lateral surfaces of the first segment, which are orthogonal to one another, in order to establish a corner connection between walls.
02.02.2018 =
With regard to preferred embodiments of the invention, reference is moreover made to the following description of the drawing, by means of which the invention will be described in more detail. In said drawing Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a standard segment Fig. 2 shows a cross section of two parallel segments arranged on top of one another Figs. 3A to 3F show various exemplary cross sections of segments, wherein a corresponding lateral view is in each case also illustrated, Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of a floor or ceiling plate on and below a wall part Fig. 5 shows the cross section of a hexagonal honeycomb of a virtual honeycomb mesh receiving the slats of a segment Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a segment, which is provided for a corner connection of walls, comprising a lateral plane surface Fig. 7 shows a perspective exploded illustration of a connection of two walls with a T-shaped contour Fig. 8 shows a perspective illustration of a possible corner connection of two walls.
The segment 1 illustrated in Figure 1 consists for example of solid wood slats 2, which each have a regular hexagonal cross section. The solid wood slats 2 here form five layers 3,1 to 3,5, which are arranged next to one another. Cross holes 4,1 to 4,3 are in each case provided in the slats 2, wherein cross holes corresponding to one another are in each case provided in a joint cross plane of the beams, so that the cross holes 4,1 of all slats 2 as well as the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 are in each case arranged in a joint cross plane of the segment 1. The mentioned cross holes 4,1 to 4,3 are provided to receive anchors, by means of which the slats 2 of the segment 1 are or can be , , 02.02.2018 -connected to one another, respectively. Cross holes 4,1 or 4,2 or 4,3, which correspond to one another, here form anchor ducts extending through constantly across a plurality of slat cross sections, so that a plurality of slats of the segment 1 are in each case connected to one another in the cross direction by means of a single long anchor. The paths of the cross holes 4,1 to 4,3 are illustrated in Figure 1 at the front end face of the segment 1 by means of dashed lines, wherein it becomes apparent that each layer 3,1 to 3,5 can be held together by means of anchors in the cross holes 4,1 that are vertical in Figure 1, and the anchors in the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 can in each case hold together a plurality of the layers 3,1 to 3,5.
Additional cross holes 5, which are aligned with one another, for forming cable ducts or the like can moreover be provided in the slats 2.
Such a cable duct 5 is visible at the front end face of the segment of Figure 1 in a cut open manner.
In the example of Figure 1, the segment 1 illustrated therein consists of solid wood slats 2. However, other slats are in principle also conceivable, as has already been suggested above.
For example, all slats 2 can be extended through by one or a plurality of holes in the longitudinal direction. Instead of the regular hexagonal cross section, a different six-fold rotationally symmetrical cross section or in particular a circular cross section can moreover be provided, wherein the diameter of the circular cross section is to correspond to the distance between two hexagon sides of the hexagonal cross section located diametrically opposite one another. It is readily possible in such a case to assemble one segment partially of slats comprising a hexagonal cross section and partially of slats comprising a circular cross section, as shown by Figure 2.
In the example of Figure 2, like in the example of Figure 1, five layers 3,1 to 3,5, which are arranged next to one another, are provided here, wherein the layers 3,3 and 3,5 are formed by solid wood slats comprising a regular hexagonal cross section, and the remaining layers 3,1 and 3,2 as well as 3,4 are formed by slats in the form of tube profiles. These tube profiles can for example be rolled from paper, wherein the paper 02.02.2018 =
layers are fixed on top of one another by means of a starch-based binding agent. In the case of a wall thickness of approx. 1 cm, tube profiles can be created thereby, the mechanical stressability of which corresponds to that of the solid wood slats or is even greater. If the diameter of the tube profiles corresponds to the distance between two sides of the solid wood profile, which are located diametrically opposite one another, comprising a regular hexagonal cross section, the solid wood slats 2 and the tubular slats form a honeycomb mesh, wherein each slat is received in a honeycomb of the honeycomb mesh, the individual honeycombs of which in each case correspond to the cross section of a solid wood slat.
It can moreover be seen from Figure 2 that in the case of vertical arrangement of the layers 3,1 to 3,5, longitudinal sides, which extend in the vertical direction and which have the profile of a triangular corrugation or the profile of convex semicircular arcs, which are periodically consecutive, respectively, are formed on the one hand on the segment 1. Longitudinal sides comprising a pronounced chamfer or rib profile, respectively, are formed on the underside as well as the top side of the segment, wherein the upper horizontal longitudinal side in the illustrated example has two ribs and the opposite lower horizontal longitudinal side has three longitudinal ribs.
It simultaneously becomes clear from Figure 2 how two segments 1,1 and 1,2 can be arranged on top of one another at a connecting plane or surface, respectively, which is arranged in a dotted manner. By way of its two chamfers on the underside, the upper segment 1,1 is placed on to the two ribs on the top side of the lower segment 1, 2, namely in such a way that the cross holes 4,1 of both segments 1,1 and 1,2, which are vertical in this position of the segments 1,1 and 1,2, are aligned with one another. It is simultaneously ensured thereby that the further cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 of both segments 1,1 and 1,2 in each case lie in a joint cross plane, which extend orthogonally to the longitudinal axes of the segments or their slats, respectively.
The anchors inserted in the vertical cross holes 4.1 of each segment 1.1 or 1.2, respectively, are generally dimensioned in such a way that they extend through all slats, which are arranged vertically on top of one another, at right angles. If two segments 1,1 and 1,2 are now arranged on top of one another, a first fixation of the segments 1,1 and 1,2 can be attained in that the anchors located in the vertical cross holes of the upper segment 1,1 are advanced downwards by half a diameter of the slats comprising a = 02.02.2018 circular cross section or by half a distance between sides of the hexagonal cross section located diametrically opposite one another, respectively, by means of corresponding tools, wherein the vertical anchors of the upper segment 1,1 are inserted accordingly far into the adjacent cross holes of the lower segment 1,2, and anchors from the lower segment 1,2 are simultaneously inserted into non-illustrated depressions of a floor plate or the like, on which the lower segment 1,2 is supported. The anchors in the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 can be handled in an essentially similar manner, wherein it may also be provided to initially leave in the cross holes 4,2 and 4,3 without anchors, provided that they continue beyond the connecting surface 6 in the respective next segment 1,2, so that a correspondingly long anchor can be driven in, the one half of which is received in the upper segment 1,1 and the other half of which is received in the lower segment 1,2. The same applies for the cross holes 4,3.
Figures 3 A to 3 F show further combinations of solid wood slats 2 and rolled paper tubes in an exemplary manner, wherein these slats and tubes, in turn, are received in honeycombs of a virtual regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern. The paper tubes can be filled with a heat-insulating material, for example with cellulose flakes. A
wall comprising high thermal insulation properties can be constructed in this way. The tubes furthermore also provide sonic advantages, in that they provide for a good sound insulation.
Even though the construction of walls from the segments 1 to 1,2 has been described by means of Figures 1 to 3, it can be understood that floor or ceiling plates, respectively, as well as roof plates can also be assembled in a corresponding manner. In the case of such floor or ceiling plates, respectively, or roof plates, extra-long segments 1 are preferably used, if an increased bending stiffness of these plates is necessary, while short "standard segments" can otherwise also be used here.
Figure 4 now shows how a ceiling plate 7 can be supported on a wall 8, or how a wall 9 can be placed onto the ceiling plate 7, respectively, when the longitudinal axes of the slats, which form the ceiling plate 7, extend at right angles to the longitudinal axes of the slats or segments forming the walls 8 and 9.
It can be seen from Figure 4 that milled recesses 10 are made on the top side and underside of the ceiling plate 7, which milled recesses correspond to the chamfer or rib 02.02.2018 profile, respectively, of the connecting surface, on the underside or top side, respectively, of the walls 8 or 9, respectively. The shape of the cross section of the milled recesses 10 can be seen from Figure 4. An individual hexagonal honeycomb of the honeycomb mesh receiving the slats 2 of a segment 1 is illustrated there by means of dashes, wherein the cross section of this honeycomb corresponds to the cross section of a slat 2 comprising a hexagonal cross section. Such a honeycomb can also receive a corresponding slat comprising a circular cross section, wherein the circumference tangentially contacts all six sides of the illustrated honeycomb. If the profile of the milled recesses now corresponds to the upper or lower half of the hexagonal honeycomb illustrated in Figure 5, the walls 8 or 9, respectively, can be received in an unconstrained manner, regardless of whether these walls consist of slats comprising a hexagonal cross section or a circular cross section.
Advantageous constructions for walls, which are connected to one another in an angular or T-shaped manner, will be illustrated below by means of Figures 6 et seqq.
According to Figure 6, a plane surface 11 can be produced for this purpose by means of milling at the end area of a segment 1,1 at a vertical longitudinal side.
According to Figure 7, the end face of a segment 1,2 can connect end to end to this plane surface 11, so that the elements 1,1 and 1,2 form a right angle in top view from above.
Other angles are in principle also possible. The end face of the segment 1,2 facing the plane surface 11 of the segment 1,1 has to be obliquely cut in a corresponding manner in this case. If tubular slats or the like are provided instead of the segments 1,1 comprising solid wood slats 2 illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, a segment 1,3, which, on the one hand, fits with its underside rib profile onto the top-side rib profile of the segment 1,2 and, on the other hand, into the milled recesses 12 on the top side of the segment 1,1, can be placed on by means of a milling process.
If the segment 1,2 is not to connect to the segment 1,1 at right angles, the milled recesses 12 have to be formed obliquely to the longitudinal axes of the slats of the segment 1,1 in a corresponding manner.
= 02.02.2018 As a result, a positive dovetail joint can be attained in this way between wall parts, which are arranged at an angle to one another.
The milled recesses 12, however, are not absolutely necessary for a positive dovetail joint. As shown in Figure 8, segments or wall parts, respectively, which are arranged angularly to one another, can also be arranged on top of one another or adjacent to one another, respectively, by way of plane surfaces which are adapted to one another. In the case of a corresponding dimensioning of the end areas, which engage with one another in a comb-like manner, of the walls which are arranged angularly to one another, a possibly desired positive connection can also be attained in that at least a portion of the cross holes 4,1, which vertically extend through the respective segments, are aligned with one another in the case of segments of a corner connection which are arranged on top of one another. This is readily possible in the case of a corresponding dimensioning of the segments 1,1 and 1,2. Anchors can thus be inserted into these holes 4,1 in such a way that they are partially received in a segment 1,1 and partially in the other segment 1,2, and thus establish a positive connection between these segments 1,2.
In the example of Figure 8, slats 13 comprising a trapezoidal profile in accordance with one half of the hexagonal cross section of a honeycomb are provided at some of the segments crossing one another in order to form continuous plane surfaces.
These slats comprising a trapezoidal profile can possibly also be omitted; at least they are not necessary for the stability of an angular connection between wall elements.
This is in each case illustrated in Figure 8 at the lower horizontal longitudinal sides of the segments crossing one another angularly, so that chamfers 14 comprising a trapezoidal profile thus remain here.
In the case of Figures 6 to 8, angular connections are in each case illustrated between wall parts, wherein the slats of the segments forming the wall parts are arranged horizontally.
It is in principle also possible to produce wall parts from segments comprising horizontally arranged slats, wherein the slats then form a palisade-like arrangement.
02.02.2018 The corner connections illustrated in Figures 6 to 8 would represent a possible connection between a wall of vertical slats and a ceiling or floor plate in such a case.
Figure 4 shows how a wall can connect to a floor or ceiling plate when the slats of the wall and plate segments are aligned vertically to one another.
If, in contrast, the slats of the wall and plate segments are aligned parallel to one another, the segments of a floor or ceiling plate can connect laterally to segments of the wall, whereby the wall and plate segments are connected to one another by means of anchors.
The floor or ceiling plate, respectively, then has a cross section according to the segment in Figure 1, but with multiple layers 3,1 to 3,5.
The walls, floors, ceilings and/or roof surfaces produced with the segments can be provided with essentially any desired claddings in a basically known manner.
In the case of cladded building parts, segments, which consist exclusively of tubular slats rolled from paper, can regularly be used in a cost-efficient manner.
In the case of non-cladded building parts, builders generally prefer segments the visible slats of which consist of wood.
*****
02.02.2018 List of Reference Numerals 1; 1,1; 1,2 segment 2 slat 3,1; 3,2; 3,3 layer 4,1; 4,2; 4,3 cross hole additional cross hole (cable duct) 6 connecting surface 7 ceiling plate 8 wall 9 wall milled recess 11 plane surface 12 milled recess 13 slat comprising trapezoidal cross section 14 chamfer comprising trapezoidal cross section
Claims (12)
1. A construction system comprising segments (1; 1,2; 1,2), which are prefabricated or which can be pre-assembled, respectively, for constructing walls as well as floor and ceiling plates of tall structures, wherein each segment (1; 1,1; 1,2) consists of slats (2) extending in the longitudinal direction of the segment and comprising an at least six-fold rotationally symmetrical cross section, wherein the slats (2) are arranged in honeycombs of a virtual hexagonal honeycomb mesh so as to tangentially contact one another with their cross sections and are connected to one another by means of anchors (4,1; 4,2; 4,3), which extend through cross holes, which are arranged in the slats and which are provided at predetermined cross planes of the segments vertically and centrally diametrically opposite sides of a hexagonal honeycomb of the honeycomb mesh, wherein the segments can be positioned or are positioned, respectively, end to end in the longitudinal direction to form a base row and wherein a further row of the segments can be positioned or is positioned, respectively, at a longitudinal side of the base row, offset in the longitudinal direction in such a way that the joints between segments of the base row are bridged by segments of the further row, and mutually corresponding cross holes in the slats of the segments of the base row and in the slats of the segments of the further row are aligned with one another, wherein, in the cross direction of the rows, adjacent segments are connected or can be connected to one another, respectively, by means of anchors, which can be inserted or which are inserted, respectively, into the cross holes, which are aligned with one another, of the adjacent segments.
2. The construction system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the slats (2) have a cross section in the shape of a regular hexagon, corresponding to a honeycomb of the honeycomb mesh, or circular cross section, the circumference of which tangentially contacts all sides of the associated honeycomb of the hexagonal honeycomb mesh.
3. The construction system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the slats are formed at least partially in a tubular manner or are extended through by at least one longitudinal hole.
4. The construction system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the tubular slats and/or the longitudinal holes are filled with a heat-insulating material, for example cellulose flakes.
5. The construction system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that segments of adjacent segment rows of a wall adjoin one another with longitudinal sides, at which the honeycomb mesh of the respective segments forms a rib or chamfer profile.
6. The construction system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slats of the segment rows of a wall are aligned horizontally.
7. The construction system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that segments of two walls which are connected to one another in an angular manner and/or walls which are connected to one another in a T-shaped manner, engage with one another in a comb-like manner in the manner of a dovetail joint.
8. The construction system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that milled recesses for forming planar boundary planes between the segments are provided at the segments, which engage with one another in a comb-like manner.
9. The construction system as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that milled recesses, which are at least partially complementary to the outer profile of the respective other segment, are provided at the segments which engage with one another in a comb-like manner.
10. The construction system as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slats of the segments of a wall are aligned vertically.
11. The construction system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the tubular slats comprising a circular cross section are rolled from paper, and the remaining slats are formed as solid wood slats.
12. The construction system as claimed in claim 3 or 11, characterized in that a tall structure is constructed completely or predominantly of segments (1; 1,1;
1,2), which only have tubular slats (2).
*****
1,2), which only have tubular slats (2).
*****
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017201813.5A DE102017201813A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | building system |
| DE102017201813.5 | 2017-02-06 | ||
| PCT/EP2018/052642 WO2018141902A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2018-02-02 | Construction system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA3052354A1 true CA3052354A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
Family
ID=61258185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA3052354A Abandoned CA3052354A1 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2018-02-02 | Construction system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3577286B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3052354A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102017201813A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018141902A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE896997C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1956-07-26 | Arnold Grunwald | Load-bearing component, in particular a building board |
| AT409151B (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2002-06-25 | Ganaus Georg | WOODEN WALL OR CEILING ELEMENT |
| DE10230323B4 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2009-01-15 | Werner Grosse | Timber construction system for creating massive wall, floor, ceiling and / or structural parts of a building construction |
| DE102004007689A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2005-09-01 | Werner Grosse | Massive wall production method e.g. for floor, ceiling, structural parts of a high building, involves having soil, covering and or structure parts of above ground construction work made out of solid wood parts which can be joined together |
| DE102007006721A1 (en) | 2007-02-10 | 2008-08-14 | Werner Grosse | Structure part for structural design e.g. floor part, has rod- and/or bar elements connected with each other, arranged in multiple positions and made of composite material or manufactured in composite construction |
| FR2944815B1 (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2011-04-15 | Francois Raphanaud | STRUCTURAL WOOD WALL ELEMENTS AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION THEREFROM |
| DE102012102313A1 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-09-19 | Georg Burger | Planar timber element for countertop in kitchen, has several wooden portions that are arranged at respective side surfaces and directly connected with one another |
-
2017
- 2017-02-06 DE DE102017201813.5A patent/DE102017201813A1/en active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-02-02 EP EP18706652.7A patent/EP3577286B1/en active Active
- 2018-02-02 WO PCT/EP2018/052642 patent/WO2018141902A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-02-02 CA CA3052354A patent/CA3052354A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3577286B1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
| WO2018141902A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
| EP3577286A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
| DE102017201813A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
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