CA2715129A1 - Energy harvesting from roads and airport runways - Google Patents
Energy harvesting from roads and airport runways Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2715129A1 CA2715129A1 CA2715129A CA2715129A CA2715129A1 CA 2715129 A1 CA2715129 A1 CA 2715129A1 CA 2715129 A CA2715129 A CA 2715129A CA 2715129 A CA2715129 A CA 2715129A CA 2715129 A1 CA2715129 A1 CA 2715129A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric
- rods
- power
- harvesting
- piezoelectric device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 44
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 18
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 9
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
- F03G7/081—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine recovering energy from moving road or rail vehicles, e.g. collecting vehicle vibrations in the vehicle tyres or shock absorbers
- F03G7/083—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine recovering energy from moving road or rail vehicles, e.g. collecting vehicle vibrations in the vehicle tyres or shock absorbers using devices on streets or on rails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F11/00—Road engineering aspects of Embedding pads or other sensitive devices in paving or other road surfaces, e.g. traffic detectors, vehicle-operated pressure-sensitive actuators, devices for monitoring atmospheric or road conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
Abstract
The present invention relates to an apparatus system and method for power harvesting on roads and highways using a piezoelectric generator. The invention is to provide a system and a method for power harvesting comprising a plurality of piezoelectric devices embedded in a road and configured to produce electrical power when a vehicle traverses their locations. The system includes a power conditioning unit and electrical conductors connecting said piezoelectric to said power conditioning unit. Harvested energy may be used locally in proximity to the energy generation location, stored for later use or transferred to be used in remote location.
Claims (54)
1. A piezoelectric device for energy harvesting from passing vehicle on a road comprising a plurality of piezoelectric rods embedded in a matrix placed in the road, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric rods are capable of producing electrical power in response to compressive strain produced by the passing vehicle.
2. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein said matrix comprises a binder.
3. The piezoelectric device of claim 2, wherein said binder is epoxy resin.
4. The piezoelectric device of claim 2, wherein said binder can be selected from a group of binders such as thermoplastic polymer, rubber, natural resilient material, and synthetic resilient material.
5. The piezoelectric device of claim 2, wherein said binder is softer than said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
6. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric rods is positioned within the piezoelectric device so that the passing vehicle can produce compression stress in the piezoelectric rods.
7. The piezoelectric device of claim 6, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric rods is positioned within the piezoelectric device so that the passing vehicle can produce compression stress along a longitudinal axis of said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
8. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein said matrix comprises at least 50% of said device.
9. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of piezoelectric rods comprises a multilayer piezoelectric stack.
10. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric device has at least one design parameter that is selected according to application requirement of the piezoelectric device.
11. The piezoelectric device of claim 10, wherein said at least one design parameter is selected from a group of parameters such as number of rods, length of rods, shape of rods, cross section of rods, aspect ratio of rods, position of rods, number of layers of rods in the piezoelectric stack; and density of rods.
12. The piezoelectric device of claim 10, wherein said application requirement comprises load.
13. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein the road can be selected from a group of roads such as highways and runways.
14. The piezoelectric device of claim 1, wherein the vehicle can be selected from a group of vehicles such as private vehicles, vans, trucks, airplanes.
15. An apparatus for power harvesting from a road on which vehicles pass comprising:
a base plate;
a top plate;
at least one piezoelectric device placed between said top plate and bottom plate wherein said at least one piezoelectric device is capable of producing electrical power;
an elastic member connecting said base plate and said top plate capable of excreting compression force on said at least one piezoelectric device;
a power conditioning unit;
electrical conductors connecting said at least one piezoelectric device to said power conditioning unit.
a base plate;
a top plate;
at least one piezoelectric device placed between said top plate and bottom plate wherein said at least one piezoelectric device is capable of producing electrical power;
an elastic member connecting said base plate and said top plate capable of excreting compression force on said at least one piezoelectric device;
a power conditioning unit;
electrical conductors connecting said at least one piezoelectric device to said power conditioning unit.
16. The apparatus for power harvesting of Claim 15, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device comprise plurality of piezoelectric rods embedded in a matrix.
17. The apparatus for power harvesting of claim 16, wherein said matrix comprises a binder.
18. The apparatus for power harvesting of Claim 17, wherein said binder is epoxy resin.
19. The apparatus for power harvesting of Claim 17, wherein said binder can be selected from a group of binders such as thermoplastic polymer, rubber, natural resilient material, and synthetic resilient material.
20. The apparatus for power harvesting of claim 15, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device comprises a plurality of piezoelectric rods positioned within said piezoelectric devices such that the passing vehicle produces compression stress in said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
21. The apparatus for power harvesting of claim 20, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric rods are positioned within said at least one piezoelectric device such that the passing vehicle produces compression stress along a longitudinal axis of said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
22. The apparatus for power harvesting of claim 21, wherein said binder comprises at least 50% of said at least one piezoelectric device.
23. The apparatus for power harvesting of claim 17, wherein each of said plurality of piezoelectric rods comprises a multilayer piezoelectric stack.
24. A system for power harvesting from a road having a surface and at least one lane comprising:
a plurality of piezoelectric apparatii capable of producing electrical power;
a power conditioning unit;
electrical conductors connecting said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii to said power conditioning unit;
wherein said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii are embedded below the surface in two rows along at least one lane where wheels of traveling vehicles are most probable to pass.
a plurality of piezoelectric apparatii capable of producing electrical power;
a power conditioning unit;
electrical conductors connecting said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii to said power conditioning unit;
wherein said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii are embedded below the surface in two rows along at least one lane where wheels of traveling vehicles are most probable to pass.
25. The system for power harvesting of Claim 24, wherein at least one of said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii comprises:
a base plate;
a top plate;
at least one piezoelectric device placed between said top plate and said bottom plate wherein said at least one piezoelectric device is capable of producing electrical power;
an elastic member connecting said base plate and said top plate and excreting compression force on said plurality of piezoelectric devices.
a base plate;
a top plate;
at least one piezoelectric device placed between said top plate and said bottom plate wherein said at least one piezoelectric device is capable of producing electrical power;
an elastic member connecting said base plate and said top plate and excreting compression force on said plurality of piezoelectric devices.
26. The system for power harvesting of Claim 24, wherein the power conditioning unit supplies electrical power to battery charging station for charging batteries of electrical vehicles.
27. The system for power harvesting of Claim 24, wherein the power conditioning unit supplies electrical power to roadside lights.
28. The system for power harvesting of Claim 24, wherein the power conditioning unit supplies electrical power to traffic signaling unit.
29. The system for power harvesting of Claim 24, wherein the power conditioning unit is further connected to main power grid.
30. The system for power harvesting of Claim 24, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii comprises plurality of piezoelectric rods embedded in a matrix.
31. The system for power harvesting of Claim 30, wherein said matrix comprises a binder.
32. The system for power harvesting of Claim 31, wherein said binder is epoxy resin.
33. The system for power harvesting of Claim 31, wherein said binder can be selected from a group of binders such as thermoplastic polymer, rubber, natural resilient material, and synthetic resilient material.
34. The system for power harvesting of Claim 31, wherein said binder is bitumen-polymeric mix.
35. The system for power harvesting of Claim 31, wherein said binder resin properties are chosen so that average mechanical properties of said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii correspond to mechanical properties of a runway pavement.
36. The system for power harvesting of claim 25, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device comprises a plurality of piezoelectric rods positioned within said at least one piezoelectric device such that a passing vehicle produces compression stress in said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
37. The system for power harvesting of claim 25, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric rods are positioned within said at least one piezoelectric device so that a passing vehicle produces compression stress along a longitudinal axis of said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
38. The system for power harvesting of claim 25, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device has at least one design parameter that is selected according to application requirement of said at least one piezoelectric device in
39. The system for power harvesting of claim 38, wherein said at least one design parameter is selected from a group of parameters such as number of rods, length of rods, shape of rods, cross section of rods, aspect ratio of rods, position of rods, number of layers of rods in the piezoelectric stack, and density of rods.
40. The system for power harvesting of claim 38, wherein said application requirement comprises load.
41. A system for power harvesting from an airport runway comprising:
at least one piezoelectric device capable of producing electrical power;
a power conditioning unit;
electrical conductors connecting said at least one piezoelectric device to said power conditioning unit, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device comprises plurality of piezoelectric rods embedded in a matrix, and wherein said at least one piezoelectric devices is embedded in an airport runway.
at least one piezoelectric device capable of producing electrical power;
a power conditioning unit;
electrical conductors connecting said at least one piezoelectric device to said power conditioning unit, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device comprises plurality of piezoelectric rods embedded in a matrix, and wherein said at least one piezoelectric devices is embedded in an airport runway.
42. The system for power harvesting of Claim 41, wherein said matrix comprises a binder.
43. The system for power harvesting of Claim 41, wherein said binder is epoxy resin.
44. The system for power harvesting of Claim 41, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device is embedded in a start section of an airport runway.
45. The system for power harvesting of claim 41, wherein said at least one piezoelectric device comprises a plurality of piezoelectric rods positioned within said at least one piezoelectric device such that a landing airplane produces compression stress in said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
46. The system for power harvesting of claim 45, wherein said plurality of piezoelectric rods are positioned within said at least one piezoelectric devices such that a landing airplane produces compression stress along a longitudinal axis of said plurality of piezoelectric rods.
47. A method of harvesting energy from a road having a surface and at least one lane comprising:
embedding a plurality of piezoelectric apparatii capable of producing electrical power in the road;
connecting power conditioning unit to said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii by electrical conductors;
wherein said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii are embedded below the surface in two rows along at least one lane where wheels of traveling vehicles are most probable to pass.
embedding a plurality of piezoelectric apparatii capable of producing electrical power in the road;
connecting power conditioning unit to said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii by electrical conductors;
wherein said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii are embedded below the surface in two rows along at least one lane where wheels of traveling vehicles are most probable to pass.
48. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 47, wherein embedding said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii comprises:
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors over a concrete base of the road; and pouring asphalt over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors.
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors over a concrete base of the road; and pouring asphalt over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors.
49. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 47, wherein embedding said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii comprises:
pouring a first asphalt layer over a road foundation;
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors over the first asphalt layer;
pouring a second asphalt layer over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors.
pouring a first asphalt layer over a road foundation;
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors over the first asphalt layer;
pouring a second asphalt layer over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors.
50. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 47, wherein embedding said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii comprises:
partially removing an asphalt layer off an already paved road leaving a first asphalt layer;
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors over said first asphalt layer;
pouring a second asphalt layer over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors.
partially removing an asphalt layer off an already paved road leaving a first asphalt layer;
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors over said first asphalt layer;
pouring a second asphalt layer over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors.
51. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 47, wherein embedding said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii comprising:
removing an asphalt layer off an already paved road along a narrow trench parallel to the long dimension of the road;
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors in said trench;
pouring asphalt over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors so as to fill said trench.
removing an asphalt layer off an already paved road along a narrow trench parallel to the long dimension of the road;
positioning said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors in said trench;
pouring asphalt over said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii and said electrical conductors so as to fill said trench.
52. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 51, wherein removing an asphalt layer off an already paved road along a narrow trench parallel to the long dimension of the road comprises creating a trench reaching a concrete foundation of the road.
53. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 51, wherein removing an asphalt layer off an already paved road along a narrow trench parallel to the long dimension of the road comprises creating two narrow trenches parallel to the long dimension of the road per each lane of the road.
54. The method of harvesting energy of Claim 47, wherein embedding a plurality of piezoelectric apparatii capable of producing electrical power in the road comprises embedding said plurality of piezoelectric apparatii at an angle relative to the surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2660008P | 2008-02-06 | 2008-02-06 | |
| US61/026,600 | 2008-02-06 | ||
| US12/204,958 | 2008-09-05 | ||
| US12/204,958 US7830071B2 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2008-09-05 | Power harvesting apparatus, system and method |
| US12/353,764 US20090195124A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2009-01-14 | Energy harvesting from airport runway |
| US12/353,764 | 2009-01-14 | ||
| PCT/IL2009/000075 WO2009098676A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2009-01-19 | Energy harvesting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2715129A1 true CA2715129A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| CA2715129C CA2715129C (en) | 2012-11-27 |
Family
ID=42979762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2715129A Expired - Fee Related CA2715129C (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2009-01-19 | Energy harvesting from roads and airport runways |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2252740A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2011511619A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20100125282A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102084063A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0908816A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2715129C (en) |
| IL (1) | IL207475A0 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2010008301A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009098676A1 (en) |
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| ES2436652R1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-04-11 | Javier IBÁÑEZ GARCÍA | Ground element to generate electric power when stepped on by a person or a vehicle |
| WO2018154543A1 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | Universidade De Coimbra | Device for applying in a pavement for collecting mechanical energy from vehicles passing over for generating electricity |
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| CN105207523B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-08-25 | 长安大学 | A kind of power generation pavement piezoelectric system and distribution method |
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| US10150471B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2018-12-11 | Centurylink Intellectual Property Llc | Smart vehicle apparatus, system, and method |
| US10637683B2 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2020-04-28 | Centurylink Intellectual Property Llc | Smart city apparatus, system, and method |
| US10222773B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2019-03-05 | Centurylink Intellectual Property Llc | System, apparatus, and method for implementing one or more internet of things (IoT) capable devices embedded within a roadway structure for performing various tasks |
| US10735220B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2020-08-04 | Centurylink Intellectual Property Llc | Shared devices with private and public instances |
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| KR102070179B1 (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2020-01-28 | 서경대학교 산학협력단 | Hybrid generating block for pavement |
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| CN113077636B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-08-26 | 长安大学 | Traffic sensing device for intelligent road surface and paving method thereof |
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-
2009
- 2009-01-19 MX MX2010008301A patent/MX2010008301A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-19 CN CN2009801123260A patent/CN102084063A/en active Pending
- 2009-01-19 KR KR1020107019588A patent/KR20100125282A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-19 BR BRPI0908816-4A patent/BRPI0908816A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-01-19 CA CA2715129A patent/CA2715129C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-01-19 EP EP09708090A patent/EP2252740A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-01-19 JP JP2010545605A patent/JP2011511619A/en active Pending
- 2009-01-19 WO PCT/IL2009/000075 patent/WO2009098676A1/en active Application Filing
-
2010
- 2010-08-08 IL IL207475A patent/IL207475A0/en unknown
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2484953A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-02 | Daniel George Warren Turner | Electricity generation methods utilising moving vehicles |
| WO2013114253A1 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | Waydip - Energia E Ambiente, Lda. | Electromechanical system for electric energy generation and storage using a surface motion |
| ES2436652R1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-04-11 | Javier IBÁÑEZ GARCÍA | Ground element to generate electric power when stepped on by a person or a vehicle |
| WO2018154543A1 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | Universidade De Coimbra | Device for applying in a pavement for collecting mechanical energy from vehicles passing over for generating electricity |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2715129C (en) | 2012-11-27 |
| WO2009098676A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
| CN102084063A (en) | 2011-06-01 |
| JP2011511619A (en) | 2011-04-07 |
| MX2010008301A (en) | 2011-03-04 |
| IL207475A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
| EP2252740A1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
| BRPI0908816A2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
| KR20100125282A (en) | 2010-11-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20150119 |