CN113077636B - Traffic sensing device for intelligent road surface and paving method thereof - Google Patents
Traffic sensing device for intelligent road surface and paving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113077636B CN113077636B CN202110243549.3A CN202110243549A CN113077636B CN 113077636 B CN113077636 B CN 113077636B CN 202110243549 A CN202110243549 A CN 202110243549A CN 113077636 B CN113077636 B CN 113077636B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/02—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using treadles built into the road
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/048—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for compensation of environmental or other condition, e.g. snow, vehicle stopped at detector
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent traffic roads, and particularly relates to a traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface and a paving method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: the intelligent pavement structure comprises a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slabs which are buried along the length direction of an intelligent pavement, wherein each piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab comprises a hollow cuboid shell with an upper opening and a top cover, and the upper surface of the top cover is provided with a grouting hole; a plurality of reinforcing steel bar grids formed by a plurality of transverse reinforcing steel bars and a plurality of vertical reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the hollow cuboid shell at equal intervals, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units are arranged on the reinforcing steel bar grids in an array mode, the row distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units is smaller than the distance between the foremost end and the rearmost end of the wheel acting on the ground, and the row distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units is smaller than the width of the wheel acting on the ground; the hollow cuboid shell is filled with cement concrete slurry. The invention can comprehensively, accurately and quickly sense the traffic environment and the axle load, the wheel base, the driving speed, the wheel base, the wheel track and the like of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent traffic roads, and particularly relates to a traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface and a paving method thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress and development of the current scientific technology in China, intelligent services have penetrated in the aspects of life and become a necessary trend for future development. The road surface is one of the important infrastructures of the traffic transportation system, so the research and application of the intelligent road surface technology will become the key point for realizing the intellectualization of the traffic infrastructure. However, currently, there is no uniform and definite definition and architecture for intelligent pavements. The definition of the intelligent pavement needs to be capable of integrating all current elements capable of promoting road innovation, so that the intelligent pavement can be defined as a road pavement which is composed of specific structural materials, a perception network, an information center, a communication network and an energy system, has various intelligent capabilities such as active perception, automatic resolution, autonomous adaptation and dynamic interaction, and can provide services for people, vehicles and environments.
The current research can divide the architecture of the intelligent pavement into four layers, namely an information perception acquisition layer, an information integration processing layer, a comprehensive service layer and an energy supply layer. The information perception acquisition layer is mainly used for acquiring and acquiring traffic axle load and vibration acceleration, temperature and humidity change and stress-strain response in a pavement structure, pavement two-dimensional images, three-dimensional morphology, geography, environment and other diversified data in real time in various intelligent materials, sensor devices, automatic detection equipment, manual observation and other modes, recording evolution information of various service performances of the pavement structure and the materials in a full life cycle in detail, and transmitting the evolution information to the next layer through a wired or wireless network for comprehensive analysis and processing.
The piezoelectric ceramic is one of a plurality of intelligent sensing materials and has excellent traffic sensing capability. Piezoelectric ceramics are information functional ceramic materials capable of converting mechanical energy and electrical energy to each other, and are different from quartz crystals, which are polycrystalline piezoelectric materials manufactured by hand, and quartz crystals. When the piezoelectric ceramic is not subjected to polarization treatment, the piezoelectric ceramic does not have a piezoelectric effect; after polarization treatment, the piezoelectric effect is very obvious, and the piezoelectric coefficient is high and is hundreds of times of that of quartz crystal. Therefore, in current research, some people often use the piezoelectric ceramics as an energy collecting device on a road, and some people use the piezoelectric ceramics for intelligent road perception, but in any case, the piezoelectric ceramics need to be placed in the road. However, the piezoelectric ceramic is relatively brittle and is paved on a road surface, and under the continuous action of a vehicle on the road surface, the piezoelectric ceramic is easily contacted with aggregate to generate stress concentration, so that the ceramic sheet is crushed. On the other hand, the working performance of the piezoelectric ceramic is directly prevented from being greatly influenced by the external environment, and the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic is influenced by the fact that rainwater seeping up and down from the road surface corrodes the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic. In addition, the existing research finds that the temperature change can also cause the measurement accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic, so that the piezoelectric ceramic needs to be calibrated by using more real-time temperature, and the sensing accuracy is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface and a paving method thereof, which can sense traffic environment and the axle load, the axle distance, the driving speed, the wheel distance, the wheel track and the like of a vehicle comprehensively, accurately and quickly.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following two technical schemes:
a traffic perception device for intelligent road surfaces comprises: the piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slabs are buried along the length direction of the intelligent pavement, and the length of each piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab is matched with the width of the intelligent pavement; each piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab comprises a hollow cuboid shell with an upper opening and a top cover arranged at the top of the hollow cuboid shell, and the top cover is matched with the hollow cuboid shell; a plurality of transverse steel bars parallel to the length direction of the hollow cuboid shell are arranged in each hollow cuboid shell at equal intervals, a plurality of vertical steel bars parallel to the width direction of the hollow cuboid shell are arranged in each hollow cuboid shell at equal intervals, the plurality of vertical steel bars and the plurality of transverse steel bars form a plurality of steel bar grids, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units are arranged on the plurality of steel bar grids in an array mode, the row distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units is smaller than the distance between the foremost end and the rearmost end of the wheel acting on the ground, and the row distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units is smaller than the width of the wheel acting on the ground; the upper surface of top cap is provided with a plurality of injected holes, every the injected hole with the inside of cavity cuboid shell is linked together, the inside packing of cavity cuboid shell has cement concrete thick liquids.
Optionally, each piezoelectric ceramic unit comprises a square base and a circular ring-shaped fixing seat, and the circular ring-shaped fixing seat is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the square base; a first circular rubber gasket, a circular piezoelectric ceramic piece, a second circular rubber gasket and a sealing piece are sequentially arranged inside the circular fixing seat from bottom to top; the sealing element comprises a first circular gasket and a second circular gasket arranged in the middle of the first circular gasket, an annular restraining ring is sleeved on the peripheral side of the second circular gasket, the inner diameter of the annular restraining ring is matched with the diameter of the second circular gasket, and the inner diameter of the annular restraining ring is matched with the inner diameter of the annular fixed seat; the diameter of the first circular rubber pad, the diameter of the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece, the diameter of the second circular rubber pad and the diameter of the first circular gasket are respectively matched with the inner diameter of the circular ring-shaped fixed seat; the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece are respectively provided with metal sheets matched with the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece, each metal sheet is provided with a lead, the outer wall of the annular fixing seat is provided with a first circular through hole, and the free end of each lead penetrates through the first circular through hole and is connected with an oscilloscope.
Optionally, reinforcing bar clamping grooves are respectively formed in the front side wall, the rear side wall, the left side wall and the right side wall of the square base, and four reinforcing bar clamping grooves are respectively distributed along the length direction of the front side wall of the square base, the length direction of the rear side wall, the length direction of the left side wall and the length direction of the right side wall.
Optionally, each circular piezoelectric ceramic piece is provided with a first number, and a second number is respectively provided on a wire connected to the metal sheet on the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece, and each second number corresponds to each first number.
Optionally, a wire bundling tube is arranged at the bottom of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing, the wire bundling tube is distributed along the length direction of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing, and one end of the wire bundling tube penetrates through a side wall of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing; the wiring pipe is used for gathering each wire connected with the metal sheet, and one end of each wire penetrating out of the side wall of the hollow cuboid shell is connected with an oscilloscope.
Optionally, the annular restraining ring, the first circular gasket and the second circular gasket are made of a photosensitive resin material respectively.
Optionally, a temperature and humidity sensor is further arranged on one of the reinforcing mesh.
Optionally, there are five grouting holes, one of the grouting holes is disposed in the center of the upper surface of the top cover, and the remaining four grouting holes are disposed at four corners of the upper surface of the top cover respectively; the aperture of each grouting hole is 0.1-0.15 m.
Optionally, the upper surface of the top cover is further provided with a plurality of grouting detection holes; the aperture of each grouting detection hole is 0.05-0.075 m.
(II) a paving method of the traffic sensing device for the intelligent road surface, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, continuously digging a plurality of foundation pits along the length direction of a lane on the selected lane for traffic perception of building the intelligent road surface, cleaning each foundation pit, detecting and adjusting the flatness of the foundation pits to enable the flatness to be lower than 0.05m, and then placing a reinforcing mesh to form continuous reinforcement foundation pits;
step 2, placing the hollow cuboid shell in each continuous reinforcement foundation pit, placing a beam tube along the length direction of the bottom of the hollow cuboid shell, wherein one end of the beam tube penetrates through the inner side wall of the hollow cuboid, arranging a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units in an array manner in the grid in the hollow cuboid shell, sequentially penetrating the free ends of wires connected with the piezoelectric ceramic units through the beam tube, penetrating out of the inner side wall of the hollow cuboid shell, connecting an oscilloscope, placing the temperature and humidity sensors in the grid, covering a top cover on the top of the hollow cuboid shell, injecting cement concrete slurry into the hollow cuboid shell through the grouting holes, and observing the grouting condition in the hollow cuboid shell through the grouting detection holes;
and 3, after grouting is finished, taking down the top cover to prepare a piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plate, fixing the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plate in a continuously reinforced cement concrete foundation pit, filling the joint of the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plate and the continuously reinforced foundation pit with asphalt, and finally leveling the road ground formed by splicing the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface, wherein a poured hollow cuboid shell with a temperature and humidity sensor and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units arranged in an array manner is a brand new road sensing device which can sense the temperature and humidity of a road area and can self-sense the wheel track and the wheel track of a vehicle. The traffic sensing device is combined with other strip sensors for use, so that the traffic sensing device can sense basic information of traffic environment and vehicles comprehensively, accurately and quickly, and can particularly sense the axle weight, the axle distance, the driving speed, the wheel track and the like of the vehicles. The humiture sensor is used for measuring the humiture of the road surface in real time, on one hand, the piezoelectric ceramic unit can be subjected to temperature compensation calculation, the axle load of a vehicle can be measured and calculated more accurately, and on the other hand, the road area environment around the driving can be monitored, so that the driving safety is ensured.
(2) The paving method of the traffic sensing device for the intelligent pavement, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the structure is simple, the construction and the installation are convenient, the poured hollow cuboid shell with the temperature and humidity sensors and the piezoelectric ceramic units which are arranged in an array manner can be more conveniently and directly paved into a pavement structure, and the installation accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic elements and the service life of the piezoelectric ceramic elements in the pavement can be ensured.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing provided with a piezoelectric ceramic unit and a temperature and humidity sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a top cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piezoceramic cement concrete slab provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric ceramic unit according to the present invention before packaging;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a packaged piezoelectric ceramic unit provided by the present invention.
100, a top cover; 101. grouting holes; 102. grouting a detection hole; 200. a hollow rectangular parallelepiped case; 201. transverse reinforcing steel bars; 2011. fixing holes for transverse reinforcing steel bars; 202. erecting steel bars; 2021. erecting a steel bar fixing hole; 203. A piezoelectric ceramic unit; 2031. a square base; 20311. a steel bar clamping groove; 2032. a circular ring-shaped fixed seat; 20321. a first circular through hole; 2033: a first circular rubber gasket; 2034. a circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 20341. a wire; 2035. a second circular rubber gasket; 2036. a seal member; 2037. an annular confinement ring; 204. a temperature and humidity sensor; 205. a wire bundling pipe; 206. steel bar grids; 207. a second circular through hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.
A first object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, including: the piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slabs are buried along the length direction of the intelligent pavement, and the length of each piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab is matched with the width of the intelligent pavement; each piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab comprises a hollow cuboid housing 200 with an upper opening and a top cover 100 arranged at the top of the hollow cuboid housing 200, wherein the top cover 100 is matched with the hollow cuboid housing 200;
a plurality of transverse steel bars 201 parallel to the length direction of the hollow cuboid shell 200 are arranged in each hollow cuboid shell 200 at equal intervals, specifically, a plurality of transverse steel bar fixing holes 2011 are formed in the left inner side wall and the right inner side wall of the hollow cuboid shell 200 at equal intervals, the transverse steel bars 201 are respectively placed in the transverse steel bar fixing holes 2011, and the transverse steel bar fixing holes 2011 are matched with the transverse steel bars 201;
in addition, a plurality of vertical steel bars 202 parallel to the width direction of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped case 200 are equidistantly arranged in the hollow rectangular parallelepiped case 200, specifically, a plurality of vertical steel bar fixing holes 2021 are equidistantly arranged on the front and rear inner side walls of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped case 200, the vertical steel bars 202 are respectively placed in the plurality of vertical steel bar fixing holes 2021, and the vertical steel bar fixing holes 2021 are matched with the vertical steel bars 202.
A plurality of vertical steel bars 202 and a plurality of transverse steel bars 201 form a plurality of steel bar grids 206, a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units 203 are arranged on the plurality of steel bar grids 206 in an array mode, wherein the upper surface of each piezoelectric ceramic unit 203 is flush with the upper surface of the hollow cuboid shell 200, the flatness of a travelling crane is ensured, and the sensing accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 to vehicles is improved; and the reinforcing bar 206 net that many horizontal reinforcements 201 and many vertical reinforcements 202 formed can effectively fix piezoceramics unit 203, guarantees under the driving effect, does not take place to remove along with concrete aggregate, the skew.
In the practical application process, the row spacing between two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units 203 is smaller than the distance between the foremost end and the rearmost end of the wheel acting on the ground, and the column spacing between two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units 203 is smaller than the width of the wheel acting on the ground, so that at least one piezoelectric ceramic unit 203 on the acting surface of the wheel can be ensured to be in a pressed state, and the wheel track of the vehicle can be self-sensed;
each piezoelectric ceramic unit 203 comprises a square base 2031 and a circular fixing base 2032, the circular fixing base 2032 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the square base 2031, a first circular rubber gasket 2033, a circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034, a second circular rubber gasket 2035 and a sealing element 2036 are sequentially arranged in the circular fixing base 2032 from bottom to top, the type of the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034 is PZT-52, the sealing element 2036 comprises a first circular gasket and a second circular gasket arranged in the middle of the first circular gasket, an annular restraining ring 2037 is sleeved on the periphery of the second circular gasket, the inner diameter of the annular restraining ring 2037 is matched with the diameter of the second circular gasket, and the inner diameter of the annular restraining ring 2037 is matched with the inner diameter of the circular fixing base 2032; the diameter of the first circular rubber pad 2033, the diameter of the circular piezoelectric ceramic chip 2034, the diameter of the second circular rubber pad 2035 and the first circular gasket are respectively matched with the inner diameter of the circular ring-shaped fixing seat 2032, finally, the square base 2031, the circular ring-shaped fixing seat 2032, the first circular rubber gasket 2033, the circular piezoelectric ceramic chip 2034, the second circular rubber gasket 2035, the gap between the sealing element 2036 and the annular restraining ring 2037 and the first circular through hole 20321 are sealed by polyurethane modified epoxy resin glue, the whole structure of the whole piezoelectric ceramic unit 203 is in a form of being "round up and down", the "round up" part is used for placing the piezoelectric ceramic chip 2034, the "round up" part which leaks out on the road surface, under the action of vehicle load, the circular cross section has no protruding edges and corners, and is not easy to receive stress concentration, thereby ensuring that the road surface has a longer service life. But the cylindrical structure sinks more easily under the action of vertical stress of continuous circulation of vehicle load, on one hand, the design of the 'lower' part avoids the situation, the piezoelectric ceramic unit 203 adopts the 'lower' design, and the reinforcing steel bar clamping grooves 20311 are arranged on the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the square base 2031, so that the structure is ensured to have enough bearing capacity in the vertical direction and not to deform; on the other hand, a steel bar slot 20311 is provided for being inserted and squeezed into a steel bar mesh of a cement concrete slab, and functions to fix the piezoelectric ceramic unit 203.
In the practical application process, the annular restraining ring 2037 is flush with the upper surface of the sealing element 2036, so that the flatness of the road surface can be guaranteed on one hand; on the other hand, rainwater and pollutants can be prevented from directly entering the interior of the piezoelectric ceramic unit 203, and the working performance and the service life of the piezoelectric ceramic unit are prevented from being influenced.
In addition, the annular restraining ring 2037, the first circular gasket, and the second circular gasket are each made of a photosensitive resin material.
The first circular rubber gasket 2033 and the second circular rubber gasket 2035 are identical in structure, material, and size, and in practical application, the thicknesses of the first circular rubber gasket 2033 and the second circular rubber gasket 2035 are 1-2mm, respectively, and the first circular rubber gasket 2033 and the second circular rubber gasket 2035 are set to reduce the stress transmitted to the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034, thereby playing a role in protecting the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2035.
In order to convert mechanical signals rolled by a vehicle into electric signals to be output, metal sheets matched with the circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 2035 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 2035, wherein the two metal sheets are bonded on the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet 2035 through copper powder ring ketone adhesive, so that on one hand, the polarization durability can be ensured; on the other hand, it is convenient to solder the wire 20341 on the metal sheet, thereby outputting an electrical signal.
Each metal sheet is provided with a lead 20341, specifically, the metal surface is cleaned by absolute ethyl alcohol, the surface is kept clean and dry, then the lead 20341 is welded on the metal sheet by soldering tin, the welding spot is kept small and light and thin as much as possible in the welding process, the large welding spot is prevented from protruding, so that stress concentration is generated, and the circular piezoelectric ceramic sheet is crushed 2034; in addition, a groove matched with the size of the welding spot can be formed in the first circular rubber gasket 2033 and the second circular rubber gasket 2035 near the welding spot, and the welding spot is placed in the groove, so that the flatness of the upper surface of the first circular rubber gasket 2033 and the lower surface of the second circular rubber gasket 2035 can be ensured, the effect of reducing the stress transmitted to the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034 can be better exerted by the first circular rubber gasket 2033 and the second circular rubber gasket 2035, and the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034 can be effectively protected.
In addition, the outer wall of the annular fixed seat 2032 is provided with a first circular through hole 20321, the diameter of the first circular through hole 20321 can be set according to the actual diameter of the wires 20341, the invention is not limited in detail, and the free end of each wire 20341 passes through the first circular through hole 20321 and is connected to an oscilloscope.
Further, reinforcing bar slot 20311 has been seted up on the preceding lateral wall of square base 2031, the back wall, left side wall and the right side wall respectively, four reinforcing bar slot 20311 distribute along the length direction of the preceding lateral wall of square base 2031, the length direction of back wall, the length direction of left side wall and the length direction of right side wall respectively, reinforcing bar slot 20311 can effectively fix horizontal reinforcing bar 201 and vertical reinforcing bar 202 to make the reinforcing bar net 206 that horizontal reinforcing bar 201 and vertical reinforcing bar 202 formed can effectively fix piezoceramics unit 203.
In order to determine the position of the wheel acting on the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 in time, each circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034 is provided with a first number, the wires 20341 respectively connected with the metal sheets arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate 2034 are provided with a second number, each second number corresponds to each first number, when the wheel acts on the prepared piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab, the voltage released by the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 under the vertical action of the tire is larger, the partial voltage released by the piezoelectric ceramic elements 203 around the action of the tire is smaller, and the specific position of the tire acting on the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 arranged in an array can be determined according to the display information on the oscilloscope.
Further, the bottom of hollow cuboid shell 200 is provided with bunch pipe 205, bunch pipe 205 distributes along the length direction of hollow cuboid shell 200, the lateral wall of hollow cuboid shell 200 is run through to the one end of bunch pipe 205, wherein, bunch pipe is made by the PVC material, bunch pipe is used for gathering every wire of being connected with the sheetmetal, play the effect of putting together many wires, specifically, the circular through-hole 207 of second has been seted up on the lateral wall of hollow cuboid shell, the lateral wall that the wire of wearing out the one end of bunch pipe 205 wore out hollow cuboid shell 200 along the circular through-hole 207 of second is connected with the oscilloscope.
In the embodiment of the present invention, one of the reinforcing steel grids 206 is further provided with a temperature and humidity sensor 204, and the temperature and humidity sensor 204 can be used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the road surface in time, so that the owner can conveniently master the temperature and humidity conditions of the road surface on which the vehicle runs and adjust the running speed in time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the top cover 100 is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 101, each grouting hole 101 is communicated with the inside of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped casing 200, and the inside of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped casing 100 is filled with cement concrete slurry.
In practical applications, there are five grouting holes, wherein one grouting hole 101 is disposed at the center of the upper surface of the top cover 100, the other four grouting holes 101 are disposed at the four corners of the upper surface of the top cover 100, and the diameter of each grouting hole 101 is 0.1-0.15 m.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the top cover 100 is also provided with a plurality of grouting detection holes 102, the number of the grouting detection holes 102 is 4, the grouting detection holes 102 are respectively arranged at 1/4 and 3/4 of two diagonal lines on the upper surface of the top cover 100, the aperture of each grouting detection hole 102 is 0.05-0.075m, and the grouting detection holes 102 are convenient for detecting whether concrete slurry in the hollow cuboid shell 100 is fully injected or not.
A second object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for paving a traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface, including the following steps:
step 1, continuously digging a plurality of foundation pits along the length direction of a lane on the selected lane for traffic perception of building the intelligent road surface, cleaning each foundation pit, detecting and adjusting the flatness of the foundation pits to enable the flatness to be lower than 0.05m, and then placing a reinforcing mesh to form continuous reinforcement foundation pits;
step 2, placing the hollow cuboid housing 200 in each continuous reinforcement foundation pit, arranging a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units 203 in an array manner in the reinforcing mesh 206 in the hollow cuboid housing 200, sequentially passing the free ends of the leads 20341 connected with the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 through the beam tube 205 and penetrating out of the inner side wall of the hollow cuboid housing 200 to be connected with an oscilloscope, placing the temperature and humidity sensors 205 in the reinforcing mesh 206, covering the top cover 100 on the top of the hollow cuboid housing 200, injecting cement concrete slurry into the hollow cuboid housing 200 through the grouting holes 101, and observing the grouting condition in the hollow cuboid housing 200 through the grouting detection holes 102;
and 3, after grouting, taking down the top cover 100 to prepare a piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete slab, fixing the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete slab in a continuously reinforced cement concrete foundation pit, filling the joint of the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete slab and the continuously reinforced cement concrete foundation pit with asphalt, and finally leveling the road ground formed by assembling a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete slabs.
In summary, in the traffic sensing device for an intelligent road surface provided by the present invention, the poured hollow rectangular solid housing 200 with the temperature and humidity sensor 204 and the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 arranged in an array form is a brand new road sensing device capable of sensing the temperature and humidity of a road area and self-sensing the wheel track and the wheel track of a vehicle. The traffic sensing device is combined with other strip sensors for use, so that the traffic environment and the basic information of the vehicle can be sensed comprehensively, accurately and quickly, and the axle weight, the axle distance, the driving speed, the wheel distance, the wheel track and the like of the vehicle can be sensed specifically. The temperature and humidity of a road surface are measured in real time by using the temperature and humidity sensor, so that on one hand, temperature compensation calculation can be performed on the piezoelectric ceramic unit, the axle load of a vehicle can be measured and calculated more accurately, and on the other hand, the road area environment around a travelling crane can be monitored, so that the travelling crane safety is ensured; in addition, the paving method of the traffic sensing device for the intelligent road surface provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the construction and the installation are convenient, the poured hollow cuboid shell 200 with the temperature and humidity sensor 204 and the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 arranged in an array manner can be more conveniently and directly paved in the road surface structure, and the installation precision of the piezoelectric ceramic units 203 and the service life of the piezoelectric ceramic units in the road can be guaranteed.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A traffic perception device for intelligent pavement, comprising: the piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slabs are buried along the length direction of the intelligent pavement, and the length of each piezoelectric ceramic cement concrete slab is matched with the width of the intelligent pavement;
each piezoceramic cement concrete slab comprises a hollow cuboid shell (200) with an upper opening and a top cover (100) arranged at the top of the hollow cuboid shell (200), wherein the top cover (100) is matched with the hollow cuboid shell (200);
a plurality of transverse steel bars (201) parallel to the length direction of the hollow cuboid housing (200) are arranged in each hollow cuboid housing (200) at equal intervals, a plurality of vertical steel bars (202) parallel to the width direction of the hollow cuboid housing (200) are arranged in each hollow cuboid housing (200) at equal intervals, the plurality of vertical steel bars (202) and the plurality of transverse steel bars (201) form a plurality of steel bar grids (206), a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units (203) are arranged on the plurality of steel bar grids (206) in an array mode, the row distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units (203) is smaller than the distance between the foremost end and the rearmost end of a wheel acting on the ground, and the row distance between every two adjacent piezoelectric ceramic units (203) is smaller than the width of the wheel acting on the ground;
the upper surface of the top cover (100) is provided with a plurality of grouting holes (101), each grouting hole (101) is communicated with the inside of the hollow cuboid shell (200), and cement concrete slurry is filled in the hollow cuboid shell (200);
each piezoelectric ceramic unit (203) comprises a square base (2031) and a circular fixing seat (2032), wherein the circular fixing seat (2032) is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the square base (2031);
a first circular rubber gasket (2033), a circular piezoelectric ceramic piece (2034), a second circular rubber gasket (2035) and a sealing element (2036) are sequentially arranged inside the annular fixed seat (2032) from bottom to top;
the sealing element (2036) comprises a first circular gasket and a second circular gasket arranged in the middle of the first circular gasket, an annular restraining ring (2037) is sleeved on the peripheral side of the second circular gasket, the inner diameter of the annular restraining ring (2037) is matched with the diameter of the second circular gasket, and the inner diameter of the annular restraining ring (2037) is matched with the inner diameter of the annular fixed seat (2032);
the diameter of the first circular rubber gasket (2033), the diameter of the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece (2034), the diameter of the second circular rubber gasket (2035) and the diameter of the first circular gasket are respectively matched with the inner diameter of the circular ring-shaped fixed seat (2032);
the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece (2034) are respectively provided with metal pieces matched with the circular piezoelectric ceramic piece (2034), each metal piece is provided with a wire (20341), the outer wall of the annular fixing seat (2032) is provided with a first circular through hole (20321), and the free end of each wire (20341) penetrates through the first circular through hole (20321) to be connected with an oscilloscope.
2. The traffic sensing device for the intelligent pavement according to claim 1, wherein reinforcing steel bar clamping grooves (20311) are respectively formed in a front side wall, a rear side wall, a left side wall and a right side wall of the square base (2031), and four reinforcing steel bar clamping grooves (20311) are respectively distributed along a length direction of the front side wall, a length direction of the rear side wall, a length direction of the left side wall and a length direction of the right side wall of the square base (2031).
3. The traffic sensing device for the intelligent pavement according to claim 1, wherein each of the circular piezoelectric ceramic plates (2034) is provided with a first number, and wires (20341) respectively connected to the metal sheets provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the circular piezoelectric ceramic plate (2034) are provided with a second number, each of the second numbers corresponding to each of the first numbers.
4. The traffic sensing device for the intelligent road surface according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing (200) is provided with a beam tube (205), the beam tube (205) is distributed along the length direction of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing (200), and one end of the beam tube (205) penetrates through the side wall of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped housing (200);
the wiring tube (205) is used for gathering each conducting wire (20341) connected with the metal sheet, and one end of each conducting wire (20341) penetrating out of the side wall of the hollow cuboid shell (200) is connected with an oscilloscope.
5. The traffic-sensing device for intelligent pavement according to claim 1, wherein the annular restraining ring (2037), the first circular gasket, and the second circular gasket are each made of a photosensitive resin material.
6. The traffic sensing device for the intelligent pavement according to claim 1, wherein a temperature and humidity sensor (204) is further disposed on one of the mesh reinforcements (206).
7. The traffic sensing device for intelligent pavement according to claim 1, wherein there are five grouting holes (101), one grouting hole (101) being provided at the center of the upper surface of the top cover (100), and the remaining four grouting holes (101) being provided at four corners of the upper surface of the top cover (100), respectively;
the aperture of each grouting hole (101) is 0.1-0.15 m.
8. The traffic perception device for intelligent pavements according to claim 1, wherein the top cover (100) is further provided at an upper surface thereof with a plurality of grouting detection holes (102);
the aperture of each grouting detection hole (102) is 0.05-0.075 m.
9. A paving method of a traffic sensing device for an intelligent pavement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, continuously digging a plurality of foundation pits along the length direction of a lane on the selected lane for traffic perception of building the intelligent road surface, cleaning each foundation pit, detecting and adjusting the flatness of the foundation pits to enable the flatness to be lower than 0.05m, and then placing a reinforcing mesh to form continuous reinforcement foundation pits;
step 2, placing a hollow cuboid shell (200) in each continuous reinforcement foundation pit, arranging a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic units (203) in an array manner in the reinforcing mesh (206) in the hollow cuboid shell (200), sequentially penetrating the free ends of leads (20341) connected with the piezoelectric ceramic units (203) through a beam tube (205) and penetrating out of the inner side wall of the hollow cuboid shell (200) to be connected with an oscilloscope, placing a temperature and humidity sensor (204) in the reinforcing mesh (206), covering a top cover (100) on the top of the hollow cuboid shell (200), injecting cement concrete slurry into the hollow cuboid shell (200) through a slurry injection hole (101), and observing the slurry injection condition in the hollow cuboid shell (200) through a slurry injection detection hole (102);
and 3, after grouting is finished, taking down the top cover to prepare a piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plate, fixing the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plate in a continuously reinforced cement concrete foundation pit, filling the joint of the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plate and the continuously reinforced foundation pit with asphalt, and finally leveling the road ground formed by splicing the piezoelectric ceramic hydraulic concrete plates.
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