CA2712301C - Segmented rapid heating of fluid - Google Patents
Segmented rapid heating of fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2712301C CA2712301C CA2712301A CA2712301A CA2712301C CA 2712301 C CA2712301 C CA 2712301C CA 2712301 A CA2712301 A CA 2712301A CA 2712301 A CA2712301 A CA 2712301A CA 2712301 C CA2712301 C CA 2712301C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- heating
- conductivity
- temperature
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010616 electrical installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
- F24H1/106—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with electrodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/168—Reducing the electric power demand peak
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
- F24H15/175—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature where the difference between the measured temperature and a set temperature is kept under a predetermined value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/238—Flow rate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/281—Input from user
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
- F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2008900634A AU2008900634A0 (en) | 2008-02-11 | Segmented rapid heating of fluid | |
| AU2008900634 | 2008-02-11 | ||
| PCT/AU2009/000158 WO2009100486A1 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Segmented rapid heating of fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2712301A1 CA2712301A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| CA2712301C true CA2712301C (en) | 2016-08-16 |
Family
ID=40956552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2712301A Active CA2712301C (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Segmented rapid heating of fluid |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100322605A1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2247894B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2011511919A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN101952654B (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2009214821B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0908467B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2712301C (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2687417T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX2010008829A (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ587587A (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2484366C2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2009100486A1 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201005703B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8861943B2 (en) | 2005-05-04 | 2014-10-14 | Isi Technology, Llc | Liquid heater with temperature control |
| MX2011001720A (es) | 2008-08-13 | 2011-07-29 | Ideas Well Done Llc | Calentamiento rápido de líquido. |
| CN102438487B (zh) | 2009-05-16 | 2015-09-09 | 木石创新有限公司 | 具有顺序欧姆水加热的食物蒸锅容器 |
| AU2011204746B2 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2013-08-15 | Microheat Technologies Pty Ltd | A heat generator and method of generating heat using electrically energised fluid |
| WO2012034000A2 (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-03-15 | Isi Technology, Llc | Liquid heater with temperature control |
| EP2661589A4 (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2014-11-19 | Microheat Technologies Pty Ltd | APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING A FLUID AND METHOD FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING A FLUID |
| JP2013141550A (ja) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-22 | Frontier Engineering Co Ltd | 加熱装置 |
| KR101560373B1 (ko) | 2012-12-05 | 2015-10-15 | 김노을 | 전극 유닛을 갖는 전극 보일러 |
| EP2938933B1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2018-09-12 | Steelmax Tech SA | Autonomous electrically stimulated radiator |
| EP2938925B1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2019-10-30 | Steelmax Tech SA | Electrode boiler featuring variable and controlled output |
| DK2840404T3 (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2016-06-27 | Gerdes Ohg | Electric blanket water heater and method for controlling the same |
| JP6173980B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-08-02 | 株式会社フロンティアエンジニアリング | 加熱方法および加熱装置 |
| PT108702B (pt) * | 2015-07-17 | 2021-02-24 | Bosch Termotecnologia, S.A. | Dispositivo para aparelhos de aquecimento e processo para a operação de um dispositivo para aparelhos de aquecimento |
| KR101840271B1 (ko) | 2016-03-10 | 2018-03-20 | 이극수 | 카본전극을 이용한 다극 순간 전기온수장치 |
| US11493233B2 (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2022-11-08 | Stone Aerospace, Inc. | Direct high voltage water heater |
| CN106325333B (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-11-13 | 北京婴萌科技有限公司 | 即热式加热系统 |
| CN106535369B (zh) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-10-18 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | 一种新型超临界水并联通道分段可调节电加热装置 |
| ES2822947T3 (es) * | 2016-11-07 | 2021-05-05 | Heatworks Tech Inc | Dispositivos para calentar óhmicamente un fluido |
| WO2018127577A2 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Waturu Holding Aps | A water heating and treating device |
| CN110521280B (zh) * | 2017-04-03 | 2022-01-28 | 茵丝塔加热有限公司 | 用于流体的欧姆加热的系统和方法 |
| EA038717B1 (ru) * | 2017-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | Роман Геннадьевич Дашков | Электродный водонагреватель |
| US20190282929A1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-19 | Redhead Services, L.L.C. | Electric heater treater |
| US10365013B1 (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-07-30 | Heatworks Technologies, Inc. | Fluid heater with finite element control |
| US11060764B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2021-07-13 | White Knight Fluid Handling Inc. | On-demand heater and temperature control system and related process |
| CN110067999B (zh) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-06-30 | 山东交通学院 | 一种分段加热的蒸汽发生器设计方法 |
| CN110368313B (zh) * | 2019-08-13 | 2022-11-08 | 巨翊医疗科技(苏州)有限公司 | 一种输液软管开口式套管加热装置 |
| EP4062710B1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2023-08-23 | Heatworks Technologies, Inc. | Ohmic heater with multiple operating states |
| CN115768730A (zh) * | 2020-05-12 | 2023-03-07 | 微热技术私人有限公司 | 用于电化学消毒的系统和方法 |
| GB2596793B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2024-10-16 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Resistive liquid heater |
| GB2596791B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2024-05-29 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Resistive liquid heater |
| GB2596792B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-10-19 | Dyson Technology Ltd | Resistive liquid heater |
| MX2023009900A (es) | 2021-02-24 | 2023-11-28 | Ohmiq Inc | Calentador de fluido dinamico y aparato de lavado. |
| CN113639334A (zh) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-12 | 佛山市顺德区美的电子科技有限公司 | 电加热装置、设备、空调器及控制方法和存储介质 |
| CN119096084A (zh) | 2022-02-17 | 2024-12-06 | 欧米克股份有限公司 | 蒸汽产生器 |
| CN116593142A (zh) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-08-15 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | 流动稳定性试验的非均匀加热方法、试验方法及试验装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2680802A (en) * | 1952-04-12 | 1954-06-08 | Rainbows Inc | Electrical fluid heater |
| GB745983A (en) * | 1953-04-27 | 1956-03-07 | Indevco Inc | Improvements in or relating to a process and apparatus for heating water by electrical conduction |
| US4029937A (en) * | 1974-10-04 | 1977-06-14 | Russell Robert G | Control system for electrically conductive liquid heating apparatus |
| GB8419987D0 (en) * | 1984-08-01 | 1984-09-12 | Cave N M | Heating devices |
| ZA884526B (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1989-03-29 | Cedric Israilsohn | Water heating apparatus |
| CA1291785C (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1991-11-05 | Andrew J. Read | Water heating apparatus |
| GB2268671B (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1996-03-06 | Electricity Ass Tech | Ohmic heating apparatus |
| JPH0688642A (ja) * | 1992-09-08 | 1994-03-29 | Hitachi Home Tec Ltd | 給湯器 |
| CN2228631Y (zh) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-06-05 | 王基烈 | 全自动快速电热水器 |
| CN2400745Y (zh) * | 1999-12-08 | 2000-10-11 | 袁文征 | 安全即热式电热水器 |
| EP1417444B1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2010-04-14 | MicroHeat Technologies Pty Ltd. | System and method for rapid heating of fluid |
| RU2256302C1 (ru) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-07-10 | Терсков Николай Георгиевич | Способ повышения эффективности работы электродного котла и устройство для его реализации |
| US7327951B2 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2008-02-05 | Ivanhoe Chaput | Instant water heater with PTC plastic conductive electrodes |
| US7817906B2 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2010-10-19 | Isi Technology, Llc | Direct electric resistance liquid heater |
| RU2308823C2 (ru) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-10-20 | Владимир Григорьевич Бартенев | Способ регулировки мощности электроотопительной системы и устройство для его реализации |
-
2009
- 2009-02-11 BR BRPI0908467 patent/BRPI0908467B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-11 NZ NZ587587A patent/NZ587587A/en unknown
- 2009-02-11 ES ES09710664.5T patent/ES2687417T3/es active Active
- 2009-02-11 RU RU2010137848/06A patent/RU2484366C2/ru active
- 2009-02-11 MX MX2010008829A patent/MX2010008829A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-11 US US12/867,138 patent/US20100322605A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-11 CA CA2712301A patent/CA2712301C/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 JP JP2010545333A patent/JP2011511919A/ja active Pending
- 2009-02-11 AU AU2009214821A patent/AU2009214821B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-11 CN CN2009801053041A patent/CN101952654B/zh active Active
- 2009-02-11 WO PCT/AU2009/000158 patent/WO2009100486A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-11 EP EP09710664.5A patent/EP2247894B1/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-08-10 ZA ZA2010/05703A patent/ZA201005703B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009100486A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| JP2011511919A (ja) | 2011-04-14 |
| MX2010008829A (es) | 2010-09-07 |
| EP2247894A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
| ZA201005703B (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| RU2010137848A (ru) | 2012-03-20 |
| BRPI0908467A2 (pt) | 2016-06-21 |
| ES2687417T3 (es) | 2018-10-25 |
| RU2484366C2 (ru) | 2013-06-10 |
| US20100322605A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
| CN101952654A (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
| AU2009214821B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
| BRPI0908467B1 (pt) | 2019-11-26 |
| AU2009214821A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| EP2247894A4 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
| NZ587587A (en) | 2012-04-27 |
| EP2247894B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
| CA2712301A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| CN101952654B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |
Effective date: 20140210 |