CA2556645A1 - High temperature aluminium alloy - Google Patents
High temperature aluminium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CA2556645A1 CA2556645A1 CA002556645A CA2556645A CA2556645A1 CA 2556645 A1 CA2556645 A1 CA 2556645A1 CA 002556645 A CA002556645 A CA 002556645A CA 2556645 A CA2556645 A CA 2556645A CA 2556645 A1 CA2556645 A1 CA 2556645A1
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- aluminium alloy
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- alloy
- aluminium
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010118 rheocasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010117 thixocasting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
Abstract
In an aluminium alloy of type AlMgSi with good creep strength at elevated temperatures for the production of castings subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses the contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon A with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [8.5; 2,7] [8.5; 4,7] [6.3; 2,7]
[6.3; 3.4] and that the alloy also contains 0.1 to 1% w/w manganese max. 1% w/w iron max. 3% w/w copper max. 2% w/w nickel max. 0.5% w/w chromium max. 0.6% w/w cobalt max. 0.2% w/w zinc max. 0.2% w/w titanium max. 0.5% w/w zirconium max. 0.008% w/w beryllium max. 0.5% w/w vanadium as well as aluminium remainder rest with further elements and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0.05% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total.
The alloy is suitable in particu lar for the production of cylinder crankcases by the pressure die casting method.
[6.3; 3.4] and that the alloy also contains 0.1 to 1% w/w manganese max. 1% w/w iron max. 3% w/w copper max. 2% w/w nickel max. 0.5% w/w chromium max. 0.6% w/w cobalt max. 0.2% w/w zinc max. 0.2% w/w titanium max. 0.5% w/w zirconium max. 0.008% w/w beryllium max. 0.5% w/w vanadium as well as aluminium remainder rest with further elements and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0.05% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total.
The alloy is suitable in particu lar for the production of cylinder crankcases by the pressure die casting method.
Description
HIGH TEMPERATURE ALUMINIUM ALLOY
The invention relates to an aluminium alloy of type AlMgSi with good creep strength at elevated tempera -tures for the production of castings subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses.
The further development of die sel engines with the aim of achieving an improved combustion of the diesel fuel and a higher specific output leads inter alia to a higher explosion pressure and in consequence to a pulsating mechanical load acting on the cylinder crank -case that makes very high demands on the material.
Apart :From a high fatigue strength, a good endurance strengi~h at high temperatures of the material is a furthe:r precondition for its use in the production of cylinder crankcases.
AlSi a:Lloys are generally used today for comp onents subjeci~ to high thermal stresses, this high -temperature strengl~h being achieved by the addition of Cu to the alloy. Copper does, however, also increase the hot shortness and has a negative effect on the castability.
Applications in which in particul ar high -temperature strength is demanded are primarily found in the area of the cy:iinder heads of automotive engines, see e.g. F.J.
Feikus, ~~Optimierung von Aluminium -Silicium-Gusslegierungen fur Zylinderkopfe" [Optimization of Aluminium-Silicon Casting Al toys for Cylinder Heads], Giesse:rei-Praxis, 1999, Volume 2, pp. 50-57.
A high-temperature AlMgSi alloy for the production of cylindE=r heads is known from US -A-3 868 250. The alloy contains, apart from the normal additives, 0.6 to 4.5%
w/w Si, 2.5 to 11% w /w Mg, of which 1 to 4.5% w/w free Mg, and 0.6 to 1.8% w/w Mn.
The invention relates to an aluminium alloy of type AlMgSi with good creep strength at elevated tempera -tures for the production of castings subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses.
The further development of die sel engines with the aim of achieving an improved combustion of the diesel fuel and a higher specific output leads inter alia to a higher explosion pressure and in consequence to a pulsating mechanical load acting on the cylinder crank -case that makes very high demands on the material.
Apart :From a high fatigue strength, a good endurance strengi~h at high temperatures of the material is a furthe:r precondition for its use in the production of cylinder crankcases.
AlSi a:Lloys are generally used today for comp onents subjeci~ to high thermal stresses, this high -temperature strengl~h being achieved by the addition of Cu to the alloy. Copper does, however, also increase the hot shortness and has a negative effect on the castability.
Applications in which in particul ar high -temperature strength is demanded are primarily found in the area of the cy:iinder heads of automotive engines, see e.g. F.J.
Feikus, ~~Optimierung von Aluminium -Silicium-Gusslegierungen fur Zylinderkopfe" [Optimization of Aluminium-Silicon Casting Al toys for Cylinder Heads], Giesse:rei-Praxis, 1999, Volume 2, pp. 50-57.
A high-temperature AlMgSi alloy for the production of cylindE=r heads is known from US -A-3 868 250. The alloy contains, apart from the normal additives, 0.6 to 4.5%
w/w Si, 2.5 to 11% w /w Mg, of which 1 to 4.5% w/w free Mg, and 0.6 to 1.8% w/w Mn.
WO-A-96 15281 describes an aluminium alloy with 3.0 to 6.0% w,/w Mg, 1.4 to 3.5% w/w Si, 0.5 to 2.0% w/w Mn, max. 0.15% w/w Fe, max. 0.2% w/w Ti and aluminium as remainder with further impuriti es of individually max.
0.020 w/w, and max. 0.2% w/w in total. The alloy is suitable for the production of components where high demands are made on the mechanical properties. Process -ing of the alloy is preferably by pressure die casting, thixoc<~sting or thixoforging.
A similar aluminium alloy for the production of safety components by pressure die casting, squeeze casting, thixoforming or thixoforging is known from WO -A-0043560. The alloy contains 2.5 - 7.0% w/w Mg, 1.0 -3.0% w,/w Si, 0.3 - 0.49% w/w Mn , 0.1 - 0.3o w/w Cr, max. 0.15% w/w Ti, max. 0.15% w/w Ti, max. 0.150 w/w Fe, ma:K. 0.00005% w/w Ca, max. 0.00005% w/w Na, max.
0.0002% w/w P, further impurities of individually max.
0.02% w/w and aluminium as remainder.
A casting alloy of type AlMgSi know n from EP -A-1 234 893 contains 3.0 to 7.0% w/w Mg, 1.7 to 3.Oo w/w Si, 0.:2 to 0.48% w/w Mn, 0.15 to 0.350 w/w Fe, max.
0.2o w/w Ti, optionally also 0.1 to 0.4% w/w Ni and Al as remainder and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0..02% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total, with t:he further condition that magnesium and silicon in the alloy essentially exist in a ratio Mg . Si of 1.7 . 1 by weight, r_orresponding to the composition of the quasi-binary eutectic with the solid phases Al and Mg2Si. The a lloy is suitable for the production of safety components in motor vehicles by pressure die casting, rheocasting and thixocasting.
The object of the invention is to provide an aluminium alloy 'with good creep strength at elevated temper atures for the produ ctio:n of components subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses. The alloy should be suitable in particular for pressure die casting, but also for gravity die casting, low -pressure die casting and sand casting.
A specific object of the invention is th a provision of an aluminium alloy for cylinder crankcases of internal combustion engines, in particular of diesel engines, produced by pressure die casting.
The components cast from the alloy should exhibit high strength together with high ductility. The intended mechanical properties in the component are defined as follows Proof strength Rp0.2 > 170 MPa Tensile strength Rm > 230 MPa Elongal:.ion at break A5 > 6%
The ca;atability of the alloy should be comparable with the castability of the AlSiCu casting alloys currently used, ;end the alloy should not show any tendency to hot shortness .
The object is achieved with the solution according to the invention in that the contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon A with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [8.5; 2, 7] [8.5; 4, 7] [6.3; 2, 7]
[6.3; 3.4] and that the alloy also contains 0.1 to 1% w/w manganese max. 1% w/w iron max. 3s w/w copper max. 2°s w/w nickel max. 0.5% w/w chromium max. 0.6% w/w cobalt max. 0.2o w/w zinc max. 0.2% w/w titanium max. 0.5% w/w zirconium max. 0.008% w/w ber~,rllium max. 0.5% w/w vanadium as well as aluminium as remainder with further elements and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0.05% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total.
The following content ranges are preferred for the main alloying elements, Mg and Si:
Mg 6.9 to 7.9% w/w, in particular 7.1 to 7.7% w/w Si 3.0 to 3.7% w/w, in particular 3.1 to 3.6% w/w Particularly preferred are alloys whose contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon B
with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [7.9; 3,0] [7.9; 3,7]
[6.9; 3,0] [6.9; 3,7], in particular by a polygon C
with the coordinates [Mg; Si ] [7.7; 3.1] [7.7; 3,6]
[7. 1; 3, 1] [7. 1; 3, 6] .
The alloying elements Mn and Fe allow sticking of the castings to the mould to be avoided. A higher iron content results in a higher high -temperature strength at the expense of reduced elongation. Mn contribu tes also significantly to red hardness. Depending on the field of application, the alloying elements Fe and Mn are therefore preferably balanced with one another as follows:
With a content of 0.4 to to w/w Fe, in particular 0.5 to 0.7% w/w Fe, a content o f 0.1 to 0.5% w/w Mn, in particular 0.3 to 0.5% w/w Mn, is set.
With a content of max. 0.2% w/w Fe, in particular max.
0.15% w/w Fe, a content of 0.5 to 1% w/w Mn, in particular 0.5 to 0.8% w/w Mn, is set.
The following content ranges are preferred for t he further alloying elements:
0.020 w/w, and max. 0.2% w/w in total. The alloy is suitable for the production of components where high demands are made on the mechanical properties. Process -ing of the alloy is preferably by pressure die casting, thixoc<~sting or thixoforging.
A similar aluminium alloy for the production of safety components by pressure die casting, squeeze casting, thixoforming or thixoforging is known from WO -A-0043560. The alloy contains 2.5 - 7.0% w/w Mg, 1.0 -3.0% w,/w Si, 0.3 - 0.49% w/w Mn , 0.1 - 0.3o w/w Cr, max. 0.15% w/w Ti, max. 0.15% w/w Ti, max. 0.150 w/w Fe, ma:K. 0.00005% w/w Ca, max. 0.00005% w/w Na, max.
0.0002% w/w P, further impurities of individually max.
0.02% w/w and aluminium as remainder.
A casting alloy of type AlMgSi know n from EP -A-1 234 893 contains 3.0 to 7.0% w/w Mg, 1.7 to 3.Oo w/w Si, 0.:2 to 0.48% w/w Mn, 0.15 to 0.350 w/w Fe, max.
0.2o w/w Ti, optionally also 0.1 to 0.4% w/w Ni and Al as remainder and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0..02% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total, with t:he further condition that magnesium and silicon in the alloy essentially exist in a ratio Mg . Si of 1.7 . 1 by weight, r_orresponding to the composition of the quasi-binary eutectic with the solid phases Al and Mg2Si. The a lloy is suitable for the production of safety components in motor vehicles by pressure die casting, rheocasting and thixocasting.
The object of the invention is to provide an aluminium alloy 'with good creep strength at elevated temper atures for the produ ctio:n of components subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses. The alloy should be suitable in particular for pressure die casting, but also for gravity die casting, low -pressure die casting and sand casting.
A specific object of the invention is th a provision of an aluminium alloy for cylinder crankcases of internal combustion engines, in particular of diesel engines, produced by pressure die casting.
The components cast from the alloy should exhibit high strength together with high ductility. The intended mechanical properties in the component are defined as follows Proof strength Rp0.2 > 170 MPa Tensile strength Rm > 230 MPa Elongal:.ion at break A5 > 6%
The ca;atability of the alloy should be comparable with the castability of the AlSiCu casting alloys currently used, ;end the alloy should not show any tendency to hot shortness .
The object is achieved with the solution according to the invention in that the contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon A with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [8.5; 2, 7] [8.5; 4, 7] [6.3; 2, 7]
[6.3; 3.4] and that the alloy also contains 0.1 to 1% w/w manganese max. 1% w/w iron max. 3s w/w copper max. 2°s w/w nickel max. 0.5% w/w chromium max. 0.6% w/w cobalt max. 0.2o w/w zinc max. 0.2% w/w titanium max. 0.5% w/w zirconium max. 0.008% w/w ber~,rllium max. 0.5% w/w vanadium as well as aluminium as remainder with further elements and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0.05% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total.
The following content ranges are preferred for the main alloying elements, Mg and Si:
Mg 6.9 to 7.9% w/w, in particular 7.1 to 7.7% w/w Si 3.0 to 3.7% w/w, in particular 3.1 to 3.6% w/w Particularly preferred are alloys whose contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon B
with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [7.9; 3,0] [7.9; 3,7]
[6.9; 3,0] [6.9; 3,7], in particular by a polygon C
with the coordinates [Mg; Si ] [7.7; 3.1] [7.7; 3,6]
[7. 1; 3, 1] [7. 1; 3, 6] .
The alloying elements Mn and Fe allow sticking of the castings to the mould to be avoided. A higher iron content results in a higher high -temperature strength at the expense of reduced elongation. Mn contribu tes also significantly to red hardness. Depending on the field of application, the alloying elements Fe and Mn are therefore preferably balanced with one another as follows:
With a content of 0.4 to to w/w Fe, in particular 0.5 to 0.7% w/w Fe, a content o f 0.1 to 0.5% w/w Mn, in particular 0.3 to 0.5% w/w Mn, is set.
With a content of max. 0.2% w/w Fe, in particular max.
0.15% w/w Fe, a content of 0.5 to 1% w/w Mn, in particular 0.5 to 0.8% w/w Mn, is set.
The following content ranges are preferred for t he further alloying elements:
- 5 _ Cu 0.,2 to 1.2% w/w, preferably 0.3 to 0.8% w/w, in particular 0.4 to 0.6% w/w Ni 0..8 to 1.2% w/w Cr max. 0.2% w/w, preferably max. 0.05% w/w Co 0.3 to 0.6% w/w Ti 0.05 to 0.15% w/w Fe max. 0.15% w/w Zr U.I to 0.4% w/w Copper results in an additional increase in strength, but wii~h increasing contents leads to a deterioration in the corrosion behaviour of the alloy.
The addition of cobalt allows the demoulding behaviour I5 of the alloy to be further improved.
Titanium and zirconium improve the grain refinement. A
good grain refinement contributes significantly to an improvement in the casting properties and mechanical properties.
Beryllium in combination with vanadium reduces the formation of dross. With an addition of 0.02 to 0 .15%
w/w V, preferably 0.02 to 0.08% w/w V, in particular 0.02 to 0.05% w/w V, less than 60 ppm Be are sufficient.
A preferred field of application of the aluminium alloy according to the invention is the production of components subject to high thermal a nd mechanical stresses by pressure die casting, mould casting or sand casting, in particular for cylinder crankcases for automotive engines produced by the pressure die casting method.
The alloy according to the invention also satisfies the mechanical pro perties demanded for structural compo -nents in automotive construction after a single -stage heat treatment without separate solution annealing.
The addition of cobalt allows the demoulding behaviour I5 of the alloy to be further improved.
Titanium and zirconium improve the grain refinement. A
good grain refinement contributes significantly to an improvement in the casting properties and mechanical properties.
Beryllium in combination with vanadium reduces the formation of dross. With an addition of 0.02 to 0 .15%
w/w V, preferably 0.02 to 0.08% w/w V, in particular 0.02 to 0.05% w/w V, less than 60 ppm Be are sufficient.
A preferred field of application of the aluminium alloy according to the invention is the production of components subject to high thermal a nd mechanical stresses by pressure die casting, mould casting or sand casting, in particular for cylinder crankcases for automotive engines produced by the pressure die casting method.
The alloy according to the invention also satisfies the mechanical pro perties demanded for structural compo -nents in automotive construction after a single -stage heat treatment without separate solution annealing.
Further advantage, features and properties of the invention can be seen from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing that shows in Fig. 1 a diagram with the content limits for the alloying elements Mg and Si The polygon A shown in Fig. 1 defines the content range for the alloying elements Mg and Si, the polygons B and C re fer to preferred ranges. The straight line E
corresponds to the composition of the quasi -binary eutectic Al-MgzSi. The alloy compositions according to the invention thus lie on the side with an excess of magnesium.
The alloy according to the invention was cast into pressure die cast plates with different wall thicknesses. Tensile strength test specimens were manufactured from the pressure die cast plates. The mechanical properties proof strength (Rp0.2), tensile strength (Rm) and elongation at break (A) we re determined on the tensile strength test specimens in the conditions F As cast Water/:f As cast, quenched in water after demoulding F> 24 h As cast, > 24 h storage at room temperature Water/:f > 24 As cast, quenched in water after demoulding, > 24 h storage at room temperature and after various single-stage heat treatment processes at temperatures in the range from 250°C to 380°C and after long -term storage at temperatures in the range from 150°C to 250°C.
The alloys examined are summarized in Table 1. The letter A indicates alloys with copper additive, the letter B alloys without copper additive.
_ 7 _ Table .? shows the results of the mechanical properties determined on tensile strength test specimens of the alloys in Table 1.
An alloy not included in Tables 1 and 2 with good creep strengt=h at elevated temperatures exhibited the following composition (in % w/w):
3.4 Si, 0.6 Fe, 0.42 Cu, 0.32 Mn, 7.4 Mg, 0.07 Ti, 0.9 Ni, 0,024 V and 0.004 Be The results of the long -term tests underline the good creep ;strengt h at elevated temperatures of the alloy according to the invention. The mechanical properties after a single-stage heat treatment at 350°C and 380°C
for 90 minutes indicate furthermore that the alloy according to the invention also satisfies the demands made for structural components in automotive construction.
_ g _ Table 1: Chemical composition of the alloys in o w/w I AlloyNJall Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Ti V Be variantthickness ~ I
I
of flat I
specimen 1 3 mm 3.469 0.1138 0.7877.396 0.1060.02210.0025 1 A 3 mm 3.4 0.1170.527 0.7817.151 0.1190.02230.0019 2 2 mm 3.366 0.0936 0.7747.246 0.1170.02630.0024 2A 2 mm 3.251 0.08410.507 0.76 7.499 0.1 0.02460.0023 ~
3 4 mm 3.352 0.0917 0.7747.221 0.1180.026 0.0024 I
3A 4 mm 3.198 0.08480.522 0.7477.351 0.1010.02550.0023 4 6 mm 3.28 0.0921 0.7667.024 0.1190.02680.0024 4A 6 mm 3.181 0.8620.535 0.7457.273 0.1 0.02570.0023 Table 2: Mechanical properties of the alloys Alloy Initial stateHeat treatmentRp0.2 ~ Rm A5 variant MPa MPa F 210 359 8.6 Water/F 181 347 9.6 F>24 h 204 353 8.9 Water / F>24 176 347 13.4 h 250C/10 216 352 7.4 min 250C/20 218 352 6.8 min 250C/90 207 349 10.8 min 350C/10 154 315 12.5 min 1 350C/20 158 315 10.6 min 350C/90 147 306 11.4 min F>24 h 380C/10 145 304 14.1 min 380C/20 139 299 13.9 min 380C/90 137 299 16.7 min 150C/100 221 365 9.4 h h 200C/100 211 354 9.4 h 250C/100 184 336 11.7 h h 180C/500 216 357 9.7 h 200C/500 202 349 9.2 h 250C/500 170 327 12.3 h 1 A F 234 345 4.2 Water/F 170 319 4.9 F>24 h 205 355 7.1 Water / F>24 188 340 5.6 h F>24 h 250C/10 227 355 6.6 min 250C/20 217 354 7.5 min 250C/90 213 350 7.9 min 350C/10 157 328 10.4 min 350C/20 151 317 9.3 min 350C/90 142 312 12.1 min 380C/10 141 315 12.6 min 380C/20 137 312 12.4 min 380C/90 133 309 12.2 min h 180C/100 249 373 6.3 h 200C/100 215 346 6.2 h 250C/100 185 329 7.6 h 150C/500 239 368 6.5 h 180C/500 227 352 6.9 h 200C/500 215 350 7.8 h 250C/500 162 317 8.9 h 212 364 10.7 2 F>24 h 250C/90 223 358 9.9 min 350C/90 152 312 13.9 min 380C/90 139 297 17.9 min 241 394 7.8 2A F>24 h 250C/90 234 375 8.5 min min 380C/90 144 328 13.7 min 158 321 9.9 3 F>24 h 250C/90 164 324 10.4 min min 380C/90 129 292 16.4 min 3A F>24 h 250C/90 181 325 5.9 min 350C/90 151 315 6.9 min 380C/90 137 312 9.5 min 138 304 8.2 4 F>24 h 250C/90 145 309 9 min 350C/90 133 297 8.4 min 380C/90 123 286 12.7 min 152 284 4.3 4A F>24 h 250C/90 163 278 3.7 min 350C/90 139 286 5.2 min 380C/90 131 285 5.7 min
corresponds to the composition of the quasi -binary eutectic Al-MgzSi. The alloy compositions according to the invention thus lie on the side with an excess of magnesium.
The alloy according to the invention was cast into pressure die cast plates with different wall thicknesses. Tensile strength test specimens were manufactured from the pressure die cast plates. The mechanical properties proof strength (Rp0.2), tensile strength (Rm) and elongation at break (A) we re determined on the tensile strength test specimens in the conditions F As cast Water/:f As cast, quenched in water after demoulding F> 24 h As cast, > 24 h storage at room temperature Water/:f > 24 As cast, quenched in water after demoulding, > 24 h storage at room temperature and after various single-stage heat treatment processes at temperatures in the range from 250°C to 380°C and after long -term storage at temperatures in the range from 150°C to 250°C.
The alloys examined are summarized in Table 1. The letter A indicates alloys with copper additive, the letter B alloys without copper additive.
_ 7 _ Table .? shows the results of the mechanical properties determined on tensile strength test specimens of the alloys in Table 1.
An alloy not included in Tables 1 and 2 with good creep strengt=h at elevated temperatures exhibited the following composition (in % w/w):
3.4 Si, 0.6 Fe, 0.42 Cu, 0.32 Mn, 7.4 Mg, 0.07 Ti, 0.9 Ni, 0,024 V and 0.004 Be The results of the long -term tests underline the good creep ;strengt h at elevated temperatures of the alloy according to the invention. The mechanical properties after a single-stage heat treatment at 350°C and 380°C
for 90 minutes indicate furthermore that the alloy according to the invention also satisfies the demands made for structural components in automotive construction.
_ g _ Table 1: Chemical composition of the alloys in o w/w I AlloyNJall Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Ti V Be variantthickness ~ I
I
of flat I
specimen 1 3 mm 3.469 0.1138 0.7877.396 0.1060.02210.0025 1 A 3 mm 3.4 0.1170.527 0.7817.151 0.1190.02230.0019 2 2 mm 3.366 0.0936 0.7747.246 0.1170.02630.0024 2A 2 mm 3.251 0.08410.507 0.76 7.499 0.1 0.02460.0023 ~
3 4 mm 3.352 0.0917 0.7747.221 0.1180.026 0.0024 I
3A 4 mm 3.198 0.08480.522 0.7477.351 0.1010.02550.0023 4 6 mm 3.28 0.0921 0.7667.024 0.1190.02680.0024 4A 6 mm 3.181 0.8620.535 0.7457.273 0.1 0.02570.0023 Table 2: Mechanical properties of the alloys Alloy Initial stateHeat treatmentRp0.2 ~ Rm A5 variant MPa MPa F 210 359 8.6 Water/F 181 347 9.6 F>24 h 204 353 8.9 Water / F>24 176 347 13.4 h 250C/10 216 352 7.4 min 250C/20 218 352 6.8 min 250C/90 207 349 10.8 min 350C/10 154 315 12.5 min 1 350C/20 158 315 10.6 min 350C/90 147 306 11.4 min F>24 h 380C/10 145 304 14.1 min 380C/20 139 299 13.9 min 380C/90 137 299 16.7 min 150C/100 221 365 9.4 h h 200C/100 211 354 9.4 h 250C/100 184 336 11.7 h h 180C/500 216 357 9.7 h 200C/500 202 349 9.2 h 250C/500 170 327 12.3 h 1 A F 234 345 4.2 Water/F 170 319 4.9 F>24 h 205 355 7.1 Water / F>24 188 340 5.6 h F>24 h 250C/10 227 355 6.6 min 250C/20 217 354 7.5 min 250C/90 213 350 7.9 min 350C/10 157 328 10.4 min 350C/20 151 317 9.3 min 350C/90 142 312 12.1 min 380C/10 141 315 12.6 min 380C/20 137 312 12.4 min 380C/90 133 309 12.2 min h 180C/100 249 373 6.3 h 200C/100 215 346 6.2 h 250C/100 185 329 7.6 h 150C/500 239 368 6.5 h 180C/500 227 352 6.9 h 200C/500 215 350 7.8 h 250C/500 162 317 8.9 h 212 364 10.7 2 F>24 h 250C/90 223 358 9.9 min 350C/90 152 312 13.9 min 380C/90 139 297 17.9 min 241 394 7.8 2A F>24 h 250C/90 234 375 8.5 min min 380C/90 144 328 13.7 min 158 321 9.9 3 F>24 h 250C/90 164 324 10.4 min min 380C/90 129 292 16.4 min 3A F>24 h 250C/90 181 325 5.9 min 350C/90 151 315 6.9 min 380C/90 137 312 9.5 min 138 304 8.2 4 F>24 h 250C/90 145 309 9 min 350C/90 133 297 8.4 min 380C/90 123 286 12.7 min 152 284 4.3 4A F>24 h 250C/90 163 278 3.7 min 350C/90 139 286 5.2 min 380C/90 131 285 5.7 min
Claims (17)
1. Aluminium alloy of type AlMgSi with good creep strength at elevated temperatures for the production of castings subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses, characterized in that the contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Car tesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon A with the coordinates [Mg; Si]
[8.5; 2,7] [8.5; 4,7] [6.3; 2,7] [6.3; 3.4] and that the alloy also contains 0.1 to 1% w/w manganese max. 1% w/w iron max. 3% w/w copper max. 2% w/w nickel max. 0.5% w/w chromium max. 0.6% w/w cobalt max. 0.2% w/w zinc max. 0.2% w/w titanium max. 0.5% w/w zirconium max. 0.008% w/w beryllium max. 0.5% w/w vanadium as well as aluminium as remainder with further elements and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0.05% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total.
[8.5; 2,7] [8.5; 4,7] [6.3; 2,7] [6.3; 3.4] and that the alloy also contains 0.1 to 1% w/w manganese max. 1% w/w iron max. 3% w/w copper max. 2% w/w nickel max. 0.5% w/w chromium max. 0.6% w/w cobalt max. 0.2% w/w zinc max. 0.2% w/w titanium max. 0.5% w/w zirconium max. 0.008% w/w beryllium max. 0.5% w/w vanadium as well as aluminium as remainder with further elements and manufacturing -related impurities of individually max. 0.05% w/w and max. 0.2% w/w in total.
2. Aluminium alloy according to Claim 1, characterized by 6.9 to 7.9% w/w Mg, preferably 7,1 to 7,7% w/w Mg.
3. Aluminium alloy according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized by 3.0 to 3.7% w/w Si, preferably 3.1 to 3.6% w/w Si.
4. Aluminium alloy according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon B with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [7.9; 3,0] [7.9; 3,7 ] [6.9; 3,0]
[6.9; 3,7].
[6.9; 3,7].
5. Aluminium alloy according to Claim 4, characterized in that the contents of the alloying elements magnesium and silicon in % w/w in a Cartesian coordinate system are limited by a polygon C with the coordinates [Mg; Si] [7.7; 3.1] [7.7; 3,6] [7.1; 3,1]
[7.1; 3,6].
[7.1; 3,6].
6. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized by 0.4 to 1% w/w Fe, preferably 0.5 to 0.7% w/w Fe, and 0.1 to 0.5% w/w Mn, preferably 0.3 to 0.5% w/w Mn.
7. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized by max. 0.20% w/w Fe, preferably max.
0.15% w/w Fe, and 0.5 to 1% w/w Mn, preferably 0.5 to 0.8% w/w Mn.
0.15% w/w Fe, and 0.5 to 1% w/w Mn, preferably 0.5 to 0.8% w/w Mn.
8. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized by 0.2 to 1.2% w/w Cu, preferably 0.3 to 0.8% w/w Cu, in particular 0.4 to 0.6% w/w Cu.
9. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized by 0.8 to 1.2% w/w Ni.
10. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized by max. 0.2% w/w Cr, preferably max.
0.05% w/w Cr.
0.05% w/w Cr.
11. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized by 0.3 to 0.6% w/w Co.
12. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized by 0.05 to 0.15% w/w Ti.
13. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized by 0.1 to 0.4% w/w Zr,
14. Aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized by 0.02 to 0.15% w/w V, preferably 0.02 to 0.08% w/w V, in particular 0.02 to 0.05% w/w V, and less than 60 ppm Be.
15. Use of an aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 14 for components subject to high thermal and mechanical stresses produced by pressure die casting, mould casting or sand casting.
16. Use according to Claim 15 for cylinder crank cases produced by the pressure die casting method in automotive engine construction
17. Use of an aluminium alloy according to one of Claims 1 to 14 for safety components produced by the pressure die casting method in automotive construction.
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| CH13712005 | 2005-08-22 |
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| EP (1) | EP1757709B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5007086B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101409586B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100999797B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE376075T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0603394B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2556645C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE502006000145D1 (en) |
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| CN103031473B (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Processing method of high-toughness Al-Si system die-casting aluminum alloy |
| EP2415889B1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2015-08-12 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Al-mg-si-type aluminum alloy for casting which has excellent bearing force, and casted member comprising same |
| CN102041415A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2011-05-04 | 浙江艾默樱零部件有限公司 | Alloy of high temperature resisting aluminum alloy furnace end and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR101271004B1 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-06-04 | 자동차부품연구원 | Work hardened wrought aluminum including Co-Ni solid solution and method for manufacturing the same |
| DE102011014590A1 (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2012-08-02 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of aluminum alloy for manufacturing aluminum cast, involves alloying base alloy containing aluminum, copper and titanium, adding zirconium and alloying |
| AT511397B1 (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2013-02-15 | Sag Motion Ag | METHOD OF REFINING AND PERMITTING MODIFICATION OF AIMGSI ALLOYS |
| CN102296218A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2011-12-28 | 吴江市精工铝字制造厂 | High-strength heat-resistant magnalium alloy |
| CN103421992B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-07-22 | 沈军 | Manufacturing technique of timing sprocket device for ultralight aluminium alloy valve camshaft |
| KR101583887B1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-01-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Aluminum alloy and vehicle part using the same |
| GB201402323D0 (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-03-26 | Univ Brunel | A high strength cast aluminium alloy for high pressure die casting |
| GB201415420D0 (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2014-10-15 | Univ Brunel | A casting al-mg-zn-si based aluminium alloy for improved mechanical performance |
| KR101620204B1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-05-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Alloy for die-casted automotive parts and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR101606525B1 (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-03-25 | 주식회사 케이엠더블유 | Aluminum alloy for die casting having excellent corrosion resistance |
| CN105132756A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-09 | 张家港市和伟五金工具厂 | Heat-resisting aluminium alloy |
| EP3159422B1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-06-13 | Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH & Co. KG | Alloy for pressure die casting |
| EP3235916B1 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2018-08-15 | Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH & Co. KG | Cast alloy |
| CN107022704A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-08 | 浙江洋铭工贸有限公司 | A kind of high-strength alloy for die-casting aluminum heating radiator |
| CN107557624B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-26 | 河南明泰科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy container aluminium sheet and its production method |
| CN107739923A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-27 | 宁波市海曙兴达铝业有限公司 | Al Mg Si aluminium alloys and preparation method thereof |
| CN108034861B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 宁波华源精特金属制品有限公司 | Robot cover plate and preparation process thereof |
| CN108330350A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-27 | 安徽省鸣新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of foamed aluminium material and preparation method thereof with high-intensity magnetic field shielding properties |
| CN108754256B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-12-06 | 上海交通大学 | Non-heat treatment reinforced high-strength high-toughness die-casting aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
| EP3670689B1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-10-18 | Aluminium Rheinfelden Alloys GmbH | Heat-resistant aluminium alloy |
| DE102019214740B3 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-02-04 | Daimler Ag | Process for manufacturing a component from an aluminum alloy |
| CN112575226A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 丹阳盛龙电热化工有限公司 | Wear-resistant high-temperature-resistant nickel-chromium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN111607725A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-01 | 山西瑞格金属新材料有限公司 | High-toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and heat treatment mode thereof |
| CN112626391B (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-05-03 | 重庆慧鼎华创信息科技有限公司 | Low-silicon high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113293328B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-09-19 | 重庆慧鼎华创信息科技有限公司 | Al-Mg high-strength and toughness die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN116005050B (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-20 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| DE2129352C3 (en) | 1971-06-14 | 1982-03-18 | Honsel-Werke Ag, 5778 Meschede | Use of AlMgSi casting alloys for cylinder heads subject to alternating thermal loads |
| US5178686A (en) * | 1988-12-20 | 1993-01-12 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Lightweight cast material |
| JP2541412B2 (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1996-10-09 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Aluminum alloy for die casting |
| JPH06212334A (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1994-08-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Aluminum alloy for thin casting |
| ATE201457T1 (en) | 1994-11-15 | 2001-06-15 | Rheinfelden Aluminium Gmbh | USE OF ALUMINUM ALLOY FOR DIE CASTING |
| AT407533B (en) | 1999-01-22 | 2001-04-25 | Aluminium Lend Gmbh | ALUMINUM ALLOY |
| ES2232584T3 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2005-06-01 | ALCAN TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT AG | COLD ALLOY OF AIMGSI TYPE. |
| JPWO2004031424A1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2006-02-02 | 旭テック株式会社 | Aluminum alloy for casting forging, aluminum casting forged product and manufacturing method |
| DE10352932B4 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2007-05-24 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Cast aluminum alloy |
| US20050173032A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-08-11 | Hubert Koch | Casting of an aluminium alloy |
| CN1317410C (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2007-05-23 | 沈阳工业大学 | Abrasion resistant, heat resistant high silicone aluminium alloy and its shaping technology |
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| EP1757709A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
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| US20100074796A1 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
| EP1757709B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| CN100999797A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| BRPI0603394A (en) | 2007-04-27 |
| ATE376075T1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
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| CA2556645C (en) | 2014-01-14 |
| NO343257B1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
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| BRPI0603394B1 (en) | 2014-07-29 |
| KR101409586B1 (en) | 2014-06-20 |
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| CN100999797B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
| KR20070022610A (en) | 2007-02-27 |
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