CA2350680A1 - Device for supporting and/or guiding objects and method for setting said devices on said objects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a device for supporting and/or guiding (1) objects (3) for conveying, such as, a shuttle conveying bottles, flasks or the like, in suspended position, comprising means (2) for gripping said objects (3). The invention is characterised in that said gripping means (2) are formed by retractable retaining means (11) co-operating with elastic means (12) to press the retaining means (11) against said objects (3), with a squeezing force, from an open position to a closed position locking said objects (3), capable of being adapted according to the dimensions and/or profile of said objects (3).

Description

WO 00/29313 PCTlFR99 / 02794 TITLE: Support device and / or guide for objects and method of laying such devices on said objects.
The invention relates to a support and / or guide device objects for conveying, such as, in particular, shuttle conveying bottles, flasks or similar objects.
The invention also relates to a conveying installation of objects, in particular, bottles, flasks or similar objects.
The invention further relates to a method of laying such devices on said objects and a machine for implementing said object process.
Although more specifically intended for bottles, bottles or similar objects, it can also be used for conveying all types of objects, especially in the hanging position.
Currently, in the field of bottle conveying, bottles or similar objects, it is known from document FR-2,749,286 a installation allowing the transport of such objects under the action of a flow of air objects being supported and / or guided along a rail through of a shuttle to which they are subject in the suspended position by means of gripping.
Although satisfactory, such facilities can be improved, in particular as regards the operating mode of shuttles and more particularly with regard to gripping objects.
Indeed, with the currently known solutions, it is necessary to provide different shuttles depending on the shape and / or of the size of the objects to be conveyed.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for support and / or guide for objects for conveying, such as, in particular, conveying shuttle for bottles, flasks or similar objects in position suspended, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and which allows gripping objects of different sizes or shapes, without adjustment, while ensuring the reliability of the grip.

WO 00/29313 PCT / FR99 / 02'l94

2 Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during of the description which follows which is given for information only and which does not have to limit it.
The invention relates to a support and / or guide device objects for conveying such as, in particular, the conveying shuttle bottles, flasks or similar objects, in the hanging position, comprising of means for gripping said objects, characterized in that said gripping means consist of retractable retaining means cooperating with elastic means to apply the retaining means against said objects, according to a pinching force, from a position opened up to a closed object blocking position, adaptable according to the dimensions and / or outline of said objects.
According to one embodiment of the invention, said means of retainers consist of articulated claws.
According to this embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises a body at least partially in the form of a ring circular section, and a ring, said means for applying the means of restraint against objects being constituted - means of articulation in rotation of the ring relative to to the body along the longitudinal axis of the annular part of said body, - means for guiding said claws, provided articulated between said body and said ring for moving in a plane substantially parallel to that of said ring, depending on the rotation of this last with respect to said body, so as to define a diaphragm, - and, optionally, elastic return means between said body 15 and said ring 17, tending to close said diaphragm.
However, with such support and / or guiding devices a diaphragm, a difficulty to resolve, when placing them on said objects, is to be able to orient them identically, whatever the dimensions of said objects, in order to allow their cooperation with downstream facilities without the need to provide WO 00/2931

3 PCT / FR99 / 02794 specific arrangements, depending on the dimensions of said objects.
Indeed, with said support and / or guiding devices to diaphragm, if we know that it is necessary to rotate said ring through ratio to said body of a given angle, constant, for ('opening, the angle of pivoting for closing, however, depends on the size of the objects on which said devices are installed and, if one does not compensate for these any differences, we are at the output with support and / or diaphragm guide guides oriented differently depending on the dimension of objects.
To solve these difficulties, the invention proposes a method installation of support and / or object guiding device, with diaphragm, on said objects in which - preventing the rotation of said ring or said body, called piece blocked, around said longitudinal axis, said axis of the device, by cooperation with an external element, called blocking, in a sense, said opening, corresponding to the direction of rotation around said longitudinal axis of device that said return means tend to give to said part blocked when the diaphragm is at least partially open, and leaves free the rotation of the other part, called free part, with respect to said axis longitudinal of the device, - said free part is rotated in said opening direction until the opening of said diaphragm, - the object is inserted into said device, - said free part is rotated in the direction, known as of closing, opposite to the opening direction until the diaphragm stops said object, - the rotation of the free part is continued in said direction of closing to the desired orientation, said free part causing its tower said blocked part, provided free in its rotations in said direction of closing, by means of said diaphragm, blocked on said object.
The invention also relates to a machine for setting

4 work of said method for fitting a support and / or guide device of objects, with diaphragm, on said objects, comprising - means for preventing the rotation of said ring or of said body, said piece locked, around said longitudinal axis, said axis of device, by cooperation with an external element, called blocking, in a direction, called opening direction, corresponding to the direction of rotation around said axis longitudinal of the device that said return means tend to give to said part blocked when the diaphragm is in position at least partially open, the other part, called the free part, being left free in rotation relative to said longitudinal axis of the device, - Means for rotating said free part in said direction of opening, until the opening of said diaphragm, - means for inserting said object into said device, - means for rotating said free part in the direction, says closing, opposite to the opening direction until the diaphragm blocks said object, said means for rotating said free part in said closing direction being provided capable of allowing the rotation of the free part in said closing direction to the desired orientation, said free part in turn causing said blocked part, provided free in its rotations in said closing direction, through said diaphragm, blocked on said object.
The invention also relates to a conveying installation of objects, in particular bottles, flasks or similar objects, in position suspended, comprising said support and / or guide devices of objects.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description following, accompanied by the annexed drawings which form an integral part thereof and among which - Figure 1 describes a transverse sectional plane installation using an exemplary embodiment of the support device and / or guidance according to the invention, - Figures 2a and 2b partially illustrate along a plane of diametral section the embodiment of the support device and / or guidance according to the invention shown in Figure 1 above, in two different states,

5 - Figures 3a and 3b are sectional views along the lines Illa and Illb shown respectively in the preceding Figures 2a and 2b, - Figures 4a and 4b illustrate along a section plane diametral an alternative embodiment of the support device and / or guiding objects according to the invention, in two different states, - Figures 5a and 5b are sectional views along the lines Va and Vb shown respectively in the preceding Figures 4a and 4b, - Figure 6 is a sectional front view illustrating another variant of the support and / or guide device according to the invention, - Figure 7 is a perspective view illustrating another variant of the support and / or guide device according to the invention, using the same diaphragm solution as FIGS. 1 to 3, FIGS. 8a to 8e are partial perspective views, illustrating the different positions of the diaphragm of the exemplary embodiment of support and / or guide device shown in FIG. 7 above, when of placing it on an object, in this case a bottle, FIG. 9 is a partly schematic sectional view, carried out along a transverse plane, of an example of a machine for laying a support and / or guide device such as that illustrated in figure 7 previous, on an object, - Figure 10 is a top view of the machine illustrated in previous figure 9.
The invention relates to a support device for guidance objects for conveying, such as, in particular, shuttle conveying bottles, flasks or similar objects. By similar object, it is necessary hear, by example, fitted with a neck.
However, although more specifically intended for such WO 00/29313 PCTIF'R99 / 02794

6 applications, it can also be used for conveying any other type of objects, especially in the hanging position.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the device 1 conforms to the invention comprises means 2 for gripping objects 3.
To allow his training and, consequently, transport said objects 3, it further comprises, for example, means 4 for cooperate with a support and / or means 6 to allow its propulsion.
Said means 4 for cooperating with a support consist, in particular, of wheels 7. Said means 6 for enabling the propulsion function, by example, under the action of an air flow and consist, in particular, of a sail 8, provided capable of being driven under the action of said air flow.
Said propulsion means 6 are located, for example, in the upper part of said device, the wheels 7 in an intermediate zone and said gripping means 2 in the lower part, the orientation given being however relative.
The example of a conveyor installation illustrated in which the device according to the invention is used thus comprises, for example, a rail 5 to constitute said support, a blowing chamber 9 allowing the air projection in a channel 10 for circulation of the sail 8, provided along of the trajectory of said objects 3.
However, as illustrated in the other figures, according to the invention, the gripping means 2 of said objects 3 consist of means of retractable retainer 11 cooperating with elastic means 12 for applying the retaining means 11 against said objects 3, according to an effort pinching, from an open position, illustrated in FIGS. 2a, 3a, 4a and 5a, to a closed position for blocking objects 3, illustrated in FIGS. 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b and 6, adaptable according to the dimensions and / or the outline of said objects 3.
It is thus possible to have reliable gripping means and universal. Said retaining means 11 consist, for example of articulated claws 13, 14.

7 As illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 7 and 8, the device 1 comprises, in particular, a body 15, at least partially in the form of a ring 16 of circular section, and a ring 17.
Said means 12 for applying the retaining means 11 against the objects 3 then consist first of all of means 18 of articulation in rotation of the ring 17 relative to the body 15 along the axis longitudinal 19 of annular part 16 of said body 15.
They further comprise means for guiding said 20 claws 13 provided articulated between said body 15 and said ring 17 to move in a plane substantially parallel to that of said ring 17, in function of the rotation of the latter relative to said body 15, of way to define a diaphragm, as well as, optionally, return means 21 elastic between said body 15 and said ring 17, tending to close said diaphragm.
Said means 18 of articulation of the ring 17 relative to the body 15 consist, in particular of one or more grooves 22, provided in said body 15, at a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis longitudinal 19 of annular part 16 of said body 15, and one or more pins 23, provided on said ring 17 and capable of sliding in said one or more grooves 22.
Said guide means 20 are constituted, for example, pivoting articulation means 24 of said claws 13 relative to said ring 17 as well as cam means 25 for driving said claws 13 as a function of the rotation of the ring 17 relative to said body 15.
Said means 24 of articulation of the claws 13 relative to the ring 17 consist, in particular, of protrusions 26 forming a pivot made at said ring 17, as well as orifices 27 made at level, of said claws 13, the latter being provided capable of turning around said pivots 26 inside said orifices 27.
Said orifices 27 for articulation of the claws 13 are provided, by example, at one end of these. Said cam means 25 are

8 consisting, for example, of grooves 28, in particular oblong, made at level of said claws 13, cooperating with guide fingers 29, provided on said body 15. Said claws 13 are, in particular, slippery on said ring 17.
Said elastic return means 21 are constituted, by example, at least one spring 30, 31 abutted between said body 15 and said ring 17, said spring or springs 30, 31 being in extension when said retaining means 11 are in the open position, and tending towards their position rest when the retaining means 11 are in the closed position.
The said spring or springs 30, 31 are provided, in particular, in a plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis 19 of the annular part 16 of the body 15. There are provided, for example, two said springs 30, 31 diametrically opposites.
Said body 15 has, in particular, a cavity 32, suitable for receiving said objects 3 between its envelope 33 and said claws 13.
One of the advantages of such a diaphragm embodiment gripping means is that it allows an optimization of the blocking of objects 3 by making their maintenance insensitive to the consequences of possible oscillations of said objects 3 along the longitudinal axis 19.
For the placement of said objects 3 in said device 1, one can use an external device allowing, for example, thanks to cams to cooperate with said lugs 23 to open the diaphragm.
In this regard, said pins 23 are provided on said ring 17 at level of a skirt 34 extending the latter inside and / or outside of said body 15.
With such a device 1, it is possible to provide said wheels 7 of said body 15 and / or said veil 8 at its top.
As illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 5, according to another mode of embodiment, the device 1 comprises a body 35 consisting, in particular, of a base 36 and said claws 14, provided extending flared from of said base 36 around an axis 37.

WO 00/29313 PCTlFR99 / 02794

9 Said means 12 for applying the retaining means 11 against said objects 3 then consist of a ring 38, capable of sliding at from said base 36 along said axis 37 along said claws 14, these the latter being provided articulated with respect to said base 36. Said means 12 for applying the retaining means 11 against said objects 3 also consist of means for holding said ring 38 at level of said claws 14.
When said ring 38 is in the vicinity of said base 36, the retaining means 11 are then, in particular, in the open position while, when said base 36 is at the level of said claws 14, said retaining means 11 are in the closed position.
Said base 36 and said claws 14 are, in particular monoblocks and / or made of an elastically deformable material. For facilitate the articulation of said claws 14 relative to said base 36, a thinning 40 could possibly be provided between these two parts of the body 35.
Maintaining the ring 38 at the claws 14 is ensured, for example, by the choice of the material or materials constituting said ring 38 provided more rigid than that or those constituting said claws 14.
The latter present, in particular, a breakdown by axial symmetry, for example frustoconical with axis 37. Said claws 14 are thus carried, in particular, by a fictitious truncated cone, for example of section circular, of which they define generators. Said claws 14 are possibly evenly distributed around said c8ne trunk. They are especially six in number.
Said base 36 consists, for example, of a cover 41 andlou of a skirt 42 extended by said claws 14. Said cover 41 is, in particular, substantially perpendicular to said axis 37 around which are provided for said claws 14. Said skirt 42 is possibly partial and constitutes the birth of said claws 14.
Said skirt 42 has, for example, a shape substantially similar to that of the inner contour of said ring 38. It defines optionally a shoulder 43 constituting a stop for said ring 38 against said cover 41.
At their distal end, said claws 14 are provided, by 5 example, hooks 44.
However, to allow the passage from the open position in closed positions, said ring 38 has a groove 45, suitable for cooperate with external cam systems to allow its sliding along said axis 37.

With such an embodiment, said wheels 7 and / or said veil 8 may be subject, in particular, with said base 36.
As illustrated in FIG. 6, according to an embodiment still different, said retaining means 11 consist, in particular, of two jaws 46, 47 articulated relative to each other about an axis 48, said jaws 46, 47 having a zone 49, 50 intended to cooperate with said objects 3, provided with one side of said axis 48.
Said means 12 for applying said retaining means

11 against said objects 3 then consist, for example, of means of elastic return 51 in abutment between said jaws 46, 47 on the other side of said axis 48, said return means 51 tending to close said jaws 46, 47.
Said return means 51 are constituted, for example, a spring 52, provided in extension when said jaws 46, 47 are in open position.
According to this embodiment, said wheels 7 are provided, for example, at said jaws 46, 47 and / or said veil 8 at level of one of them.
In the case of application to the conveying of bottles, flasks or the like, said claws 13, 14 and / or jaws 46, 47 cooperate, especially with the neck of these, for example at the level of a throat provided on the neck to accommodate a tamper evident ring of a cap.

As illustrated in Figures 2 to 5, the device according to the invention may further include shutter means 53. They are consisting, in particular, of a part 54, capable of moving in a direction perpendicular 19, 37 to the direction of the pinching forces exerted by the means 12 for applying the retaining means 11 against said objects 3.
They also include, for example, a spring 55 between the body 15, 35 of said device 1 and said part 54 for applying this last against said objects 3.
In the case of bottles, flasks or the like, it is thus possible close their orifice tightly.
Said part 54 cooperates with a sleeve 56 / rod 57 pair guide, provided on said body 15, 35 or said part 54 and oriented parallel to its axis of movement 19, 37.
As illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, the invention relates also a method for fitting a support device 1 and guide objects, such as those with a diaphragm described above, on said objects 3.
This purpose of the process, in particular in the case of a support device and / or guide 1 provided with wheels 7, to allow constant orientation of said devices after installation, whatever the size of the objects, without parts external adaptation. The wheels can thus be aligned with the rails possibly provided downstream, without having to take into account the dimension of objects.
For this, according to the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 8a, we prevents rotation of said ring 17 or of said body 16, called blocked part, around said longitudinal axis 19, called the axis of the device, by cooperation with a external element 100, said to be blocking, in one direction, illustrated by the arrow marked 101, called opening, corresponding to the direction of rotation around said longitudinal axis 19 of the device that said return means 21, not illustrated in this figure, tend to give said blocked part when the diaphragm is in at least partially open position, and the rotation is left free of the other part, called the free part, with respect to said longitudinal axis 19 of the device

12 1.
In this case, said blocked part is the ring 17 and said free part is body 15, only illustrated by its guide fingers 29.
As illustrated in FIG. 8b, said part is then rotated free 15 in said opening direction 101, until opening, in particular complete, diaphragm. We then insert, as illustrated in FIG. 8c, the object 3 in said device 1.
As illustrated in Figure 8d, we then rotate said free part 15 in said direction, called closing direction, illustrated by the arrow spotted 102, opposite to said opening direction 101 until the diaphragm blocks said object 3.
As illustrated in Figure 8e, we then continue the rotation of said free part 15 in said closing direction 102, up to the orientation desired, said free part 15 in turn causing said blocked part 17, provided free in its rotations in said closing direction 102, and said object 3, via said diaphragm, blocked on said object 3, and linked to said piece blocked 17 by pivots 26.
We can thus rotate said device 1 to the orientation whatever the dimensions of the objects 3.
The index marked 115 illustrated in each figure 8a to 8e, which represents the orientation of said free part 15, shows that on arrival, at the figure 8th, we can therefore find, for example, the starting orientation of the figure 8a.
Adaptation is done by itself through cooperation of diaphragm in the closed position on said objects 3, the only difference between the implementations of the process according to the invention with objects of distinct size coming from the moment when said blocked piece 17 leaves its position of contact with said blocking element 100.
Thanks to the latter, we see that we can maintain said device 1 to allow the opening of the diaphragm while allowing its closure adapted to the dimensions of the objects 3.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, one WO 00/293

13 PCT / FR99 / 02794 drives said devices 1 and said objects 3 in a continuous movement relatively to each other, said blocking member 100 being planned located in the same frame of reference, in movement, as the longitudinal axis of said device 1, so that said locking element 100 and said axis longitudinal 19 are stationary relative to each other. This is, for example, either of a translational movement, i.e. a rotational movement around an axis deported.
As illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, the invention relates in in addition to a machine for implementing the laying method described more high. The latter first includes means to prevent the rotation of said ring 17 or of said body 15, said blocked part, around of said longitudinal axis 19, called axis of the device, by cooperation with an element exterior 100, said to be blocking, in one direction, said to be opening, corresponding to the direction of rotation around said longitudinal axis of the device that said means recall tend to give said blocked part 17 when the diaphragm is in at least partially open position, the other part 15, called part free, being left free to rotate relative to said longitudinal axis 19 of the device 1.
Said machine further comprises means 103 for making turn said free part 15 in said opening direction until opening of said diaphragm and means, not shown, for inserting the objects 3 in said device 1. These consist, for example, of tracks of guide or other cam means The machine according to the invention further comprises means 104 for rotating said free part 15 in the direction known as of closing, opposite to the opening direction until the diaphragm stops said objects, said means for rotating said free part 15 in the closing direction being provided capable of allowing the rotation of the free part 15 in said direction of closure to the orientation desired, said free part in turn causing said blocked part, provided free in its rotations in said closing direction, through said diaphragm

14 blocked on said object.
Said means for preventing the rotation of said part blocked 17 consist, for example, of said blocking element 100, provided as a component of said machine and able to cooperate with a projection 105, provided at the level of said blocked part 17.
Said projection 105 consists, for example, of a hook, also visible in FIGS. 7 and 8, and said blocking element 100 by a finger, able to cooperate with said hook 105.
Said means for rotating the free part 15 in said opening direction 103 and / or closing direction 104 are constituted, for example, a common rod 106, movable around its longitudinal axis. Said rod 106 is further provided capable of coming in the extension of said axis longitudinal of said support and / or guide devices 1, as illustrated by the arrows marked 107, 116 to cooperate with an imprint 108, provided at said longitudinal axis 19 of the device, in said part free

15.
The rotations of the rod 106 thus make it possible to rotate said free part 15.
Said machine further comprises, optionally, drive means 109 according to a continuous movement of said devices support and / or guide 1 and said objects 3 relatively to each other report to others, said blocking element 100 then being provided located in the same frame of reference, in movement, that the longitudinal axis of said devices 1, of so that said locking element 100 and said longitudinal axis 19 of said device are immobile with respect to each other.
Said drive means 109 comprise a pallet support 110 of said device. Said blocking element 100 is secured, directly or indirectly, to said pallet 110 while said rod 106 East movable in translation according to arrows 107, 116 relative to said pallet while accompanying the latter in its travels, thanks to a support 117, animated by said movement, illustrated by the arrow marked 118.

As illustrated, the rotation of said rod 106 is ensured, by example, by means of a cam 111, provided offset relative to the axis of said rod 106 and connected thereto by a plate 112.
A cam guide, not shown, can then, during 5 movements of said drive means 109, cooperate with said cam 111 to rotate said rod 106 and consequently said free part 15.
Said pallet 110 consists, for example, of a tuning fork 113 at the bottom of which said support and / or guide device 1 is mounted movable in rotation by means of a ring 114, carried by said 10 pitch 113.
However, the drive means 109 of said machine are not further detailed and may allow, depending on solutions known, for example a translation. It could also be a rotation.
As a remark, we can note that, for the removal 15 of said support and / or guiding devices 1 of said objects 3, will proceed in the opposite direction to that described above with means exercising substantially the same functions, but in an opposite order.
Naturally, other modes of implementation, within reach skilled in the art, could have been envisaged without departing from the part of the invention.

Claims (18)

1. Device for supporting and/or guiding (1) objects for the conveying, such as, in particular, shuttle for conveying bottles, flasks or similar objects, in a suspended position, comprising means (2) of gripping said objects (3), characterized in that said means (2) of grip consist of retractable retaining means (11) cooperating with elastic means (12) to apply the means of retained (11) against said objects (3), according to a pinching force, from of one open position to a closed position for blocking objects (3), adaptable according to the dimensions and/or the outline of said objects (3). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein said retaining means (11) consist of articulated claws (13, 14). 3. Device according to claim 2, comprising a body (15) at least partially in the form of a ring (16) of circular section, and a ring (17), said means (12) for applying the retaining means (11) against the objects (3) being constituted - means (18) for rotating the ring (17) by relative to the body (15) along the longitudinal axis (19) of the annular part (16) said body (15), - guide means (20) of said claws (13), provided articulated between said body (15) and said ring (17) to move in a plane substantially parallel to that of said ring (17), depending on the rotation of the latter with respect to said body (15), so as to define a diaphragm, - means (21) for elastic return between said body (15) and said ring (17), tending to close said diaphragm. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein said means (18) for articulating the ring (17) with respect to the body (15) are consisting of one or more grooves (22), provided in said body (15), at the level of a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (19) of the annular part (16) of said body (15), and one or more lugs (23), planned on said ring (17) and able to slide in said groove(s) (22). 5. Device according to claim 4, wherein said guide means (20) consist - means (24) for pivoting articulation of said claws (13) relative to said ring (17), - cam means (25) for driving said claws (13) in function of the rotation of the ring (17) relative to said body (15). 6. Device according to claim 4, wherein said elastic return means (22) consist of at least one spring taken into abutment between said body (15) and said ring (17), the said spring or springs being in extension when said retaining means (11) are in the open position and tending towards their rest position when said retaining means (11) are in closed position. 7. Device according to claim 2, comprising a body (35) consisting of a base (36) and said claws (14), provided extending from flared manner from said base (36) about an axis (37), said means (12) for applying the retaining means (11) against said objects (3) consisting of a ring (38), able to slide from said base (36) along said axis (37) along said claws (14), provided articulated by relative to said base (36), and holding means (39) of said ring (38) at said claws (14). 8. Device according to claim 1, wherein said retaining means (11) consist of two jaws (46, 47), articulated relative to each other about an axis (48), said jaws (46, 47) having an area (49, 50) intended to cooperate with said objects (3), provided on one side of said axis (48) and said means (12) for applying said retaining means (11) against said objects (3) consisting of means elastic return (51) in abutment between said jaws (46, 47) of the other side of said shaft (48), said return means (51) tending to close said jaws. 9. Device according to claim 1, further comprising closure means (53). 10. Device according to claim 9, in which said closure means (53) consist of a piece (54), able to move in a direction perpendicular (19, 37) to the direction of the forces pinching exerted by the means (12) to apply the retaining means (11) against objects (3). 11. Installation for conveying objects, in particular bottles, flasks or similar objects, in a suspended position, comprising devices according to claim 1. 12. Method of laying support and/or guiding device (1) of objects (3) according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 6 on said objects (3) in which - the rotation of said ring (17) or of said body is prevented (15), said locked part, around said longitudinal axis (19), said axis of the device, by cooperation with an external element (100), called blocking, in a sense, said opening, corresponding to the direction of rotation around said axis longitudinal (19) of the device that said return means (21) tend to give to said part blocked (17) when the diaphragm is in position at least partially open, and the rotation of the other part (15) is left free, said free part, relative to said longitudinal axis (19) of the device, - said free part (15) is rotated in said direction opening, until the opening of said diaphragm, - the object (3) is inserted into said device (1), - said free part (15) is rotated in the direction, said to closing, opposite to the opening direction, until the diaphragm blocks said object (3), - the rotation of the free part (15) is continued in said direction of closure to the desired orientation, said free piece (15) causing at in turn said blocked part (17), provided free in its rotations in said closing direction, by means of said diaphragm blocked on said object. 13. Process according to claim 12, in which one drives in a continuous movement said support and/or guide devices (1) and said objects (3) relative to each other, said element of blocking (100) being provided located in the same frame of reference, in motion, as the longitudinal axis (19) of said device, so that said element of blockage (100) and said longitudinal axis (19) are immobile with respect to the other. 14. Machine for carrying out the process according to claim 12 for installation of a support and/or guide device (1) of objects (3) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, comprising - means for preventing the rotation of said ring (17) or said body (15), called blocked part, around said longitudinal axis (19), said axis of the device, by cooperating with an external element (100), called locking, in one direction, called opening, corresponding to the direction of rotation around said longitudinal axis (19) of the device that said return means tend to give said blocked part (17) when the diaphragm is in at least partially open position, the other part (15), called the free part, being provided free in rotation with respect to said longitudinal axis (19) of said device, - means (103) for rotating said free part (15) in said direction of opening until the opening of said diaphragm, - means for inserting the object (3) into said device for support and/or guide (1), - means (104) for silencing said free part (15) in the direction, called closing, opposite to the opening direction, until the diaphragm blocks said object (3), said means for rotating said free piece (15) in said closing direction being able to allow continuing the rotation of said free piece (15) in said closing direction to the desired orientation, said reading piece (15) in turn driving said blocked piece (17), provided free in its rotations in said direction of closing. 15. Machine according to claim 14 in which - said means for preventing the rotation of said piece blocked consist of said blocking element (100), provided as component of said machine and capable of cooperating with a projection (105), provided at the level of said blocked part (17), - said means for rotating in said opening direction (103) and/or closure (104) consist of a common rod (106), movable around its longitudinal axis and provided capable of coming into the extension of said longitudinal axis (19) of said support device and/or guide (1) to cooperate with an indentation (108) provided at the level of said longitudinal axis (19) of said support and/or guide device (1), in said free part (15). 16. Machine according to claim 14, further comprising drive means (109) according to a continuous movement of said support and/or guide devices (1) and said objects (3} relatively relative to each other, said blocking element (100) being provided located in the same referential, in motion, as the longitudinal axis (19) of said support and/or guide devices (1), so that said element of lock (100) and said longitudinal axis (19) are stationary with respect to the other. 17. Machine according to claim 16, in which said drive means (109) comprise a support pallet (110), said support and/or guide devices (1), said blocking element (100) being directly or indirectly attached to said pallet. 18. Machine according to claim 17, in which said palette (110) consists of a tuning fork (113) at the bottom of which said support and/or guide devices (1) are mounted rotatably by through a ring (114), carried by said tuning fork (113).