CA2318428A1 - Retroreflectors having two optical surfaces and varying retroreflectivity - Google Patents
Retroreflectors having two optical surfaces and varying retroreflectivity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2318428A1 CA2318428A1 CA002318428A CA2318428A CA2318428A1 CA 2318428 A1 CA2318428 A1 CA 2318428A1 CA 002318428 A CA002318428 A CA 002318428A CA 2318428 A CA2318428 A CA 2318428A CA 2318428 A1 CA2318428 A1 CA 2318428A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- retroreflective
- areas
- light
- article
- retroreflective article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003182 Surlyn® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
- G02B5/122—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type
- G02B5/124—Reflex reflectors cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S359/00—Optical: systems and elements
- Y10S359/90—Methods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S359/00—Optical: systems and elements
- Y10S359/903—Optical: systems and elements with magnet
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/019,113 | 1998-02-05 | ||
| US09/019,113 US6282026B1 (en) | 1998-02-05 | 1998-02-05 | Retroreflectors having two optical surfaces and varying retroreflectivity |
| PCT/US1998/011777 WO1999040461A1 (en) | 1998-02-05 | 1998-06-08 | Retroreflectors having two optical surfaces and varying retroreflectivity |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2318428A1 true CA2318428A1 (en) | 1999-08-12 |
Family
ID=21791507
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002318428A Abandoned CA2318428A1 (en) | 1998-02-05 | 1998-06-08 | Retroreflectors having two optical surfaces and varying retroreflectivity |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6282026B1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1053491B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2002502984A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100506560B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1135407C (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU7824498A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2318428A1 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69814926T2 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW416009B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1999040461A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6325515B1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-12-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cube corner retroreflective article with enhanced pigmentation |
| US20070006493A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2007-01-11 | Arnold Eberwein | Illuminated license plate for vehicles and vehicle provided with the same |
| US20070031641A1 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2007-02-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | License plate for back illumination and method for making same |
| WO2005066665A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2005-07-21 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Cube corner retroreflector with limited range |
| PL1584518T3 (pl) * | 2004-04-07 | 2008-03-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Zespół tablicy rejestracyjnej zawierający źródło światła i podświetloną tablicę rejestracyjną |
| GB2433637A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Semi-transparent retroreflective material |
| GB0602105D0 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2006-03-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | License plate assembly |
| US7482969B2 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-01-27 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Material movement sensing techniques |
| US20080101759A1 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-05-01 | K Laser Technology, Inc. | Prism matrix with random phase structures |
| KR20090067654A (ko) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-25 | 김봉주 | 재귀반사소자 및 이를 구비한 재귀반사체 |
| CN101852876B (zh) * | 2009-04-02 | 2012-06-13 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 复合型光学膜片以及面光源模块 |
| RU2620770C2 (ru) * | 2012-02-06 | 2017-05-29 | Эйвери Деннисон Корпорейшн | Устройство для направленного активного проецирования |
| US20160011346A1 (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2016-01-14 | Sergiy Vasylyev | High incidence angle retroreflective sheeting |
| US11353640B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2022-06-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Durable retroreflective elements with an ionic copolymer core |
| CN109154769B (zh) * | 2016-03-11 | 2021-12-21 | 米拉维兹公司 | 用于逆反射显示系统优化的定制化反射轮廓特征 |
| US10444615B2 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-10-15 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Retroreflective sheeting for projector-based display system |
| US10145993B1 (en) * | 2017-10-06 | 2018-12-04 | Lighthouse & Beacon, Inc. | Retroreflectors providing information encoded in reflected non-visible laser while retaining visible light safety properties |
| US10794021B1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-06 | Mark Joseph O'Neill | Retroreflective traffic stripe |
| US11124932B1 (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-09-21 | Mark Joseph O'Neill | Retroreflective traffic stripe for both dry and wet weather conditions |
| DE102022110004A1 (de) | 2022-04-26 | 2023-10-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fortbewegungsmittel und Anordnung zur Unterhaltung eines Insassen eines Fortbewegungsmittels |
Family Cites Families (52)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US752429A (en) | 1904-02-16 | Prismatic illuminating structure | ||
| GB190908324A (en) | 1908-10-14 | 1909-09-30 | Otis Angelo Mygatt | Improved Glassware. |
| US1128979A (en) | 1912-06-01 | 1915-02-16 | Walter Hess | Stereoscopic picture. |
| US1475430A (en) | 1922-02-27 | 1923-11-27 | Curwen John Spedding | Advertising device or toy |
| US1792731A (en) | 1929-08-07 | 1931-02-17 | Richard M Craig | Display apparatus |
| US1987357A (en) | 1932-01-08 | 1935-01-08 | William V Bergen | Reflector |
| GB423464A (en) | 1932-12-31 | 1935-02-01 | Gustave Leray | Improvements in light reflectors |
| GB441319A (en) | 1933-12-21 | 1936-01-16 | Gustave Leray | Improvements in or relating to light reflectors |
| US2268351A (en) | 1938-08-25 | 1941-12-30 | Tanaka Nawokich | Means for presenting pictures in apparent three dimensions |
| US2432896A (en) | 1945-03-12 | 1947-12-16 | Hotchner Fred | Retroreflective animation display |
| US2951419A (en) | 1953-06-11 | 1960-09-06 | Jerome H Lemelson | Reflective display device |
| US3085474A (en) | 1957-07-10 | 1963-04-16 | Saint Gobain | Articles made of a transparent material such as glass sheets, bricks or blocks, and having variable transparency or coloration |
| US3085473A (en) | 1957-07-10 | 1963-04-16 | Saint Gobain | Sheets, bricks, blocks or similar articles made of transparent material, especially glass |
| US4208090A (en) | 1967-03-24 | 1980-06-17 | Amerace Corporation | Reflector structure |
| US3712706A (en) | 1971-01-04 | 1973-01-23 | American Cyanamid Co | Retroreflective surface |
| GB1422780A (en) | 1972-04-14 | 1976-01-28 | Ass Eng Ltd | Retro-reflectors |
| US3830682A (en) | 1972-11-06 | 1974-08-20 | Rowland Dev Corp | Retroreflecting signs and the like with novel day-night coloration |
| US3926402A (en) | 1973-04-24 | 1975-12-16 | Amerace Corp | Pin having nonaligned cube axis and pin axis and bundle of such pins |
| US3975083A (en) | 1974-07-24 | 1976-08-17 | Reflexite Corporation | Wide angle retroreflector assembly and method of making same |
| US3966301A (en) | 1974-12-19 | 1976-06-29 | Qantix Corporation | Transparent screen having intermittent portions for reducing reflection from ambient light |
| US4012115A (en) | 1975-07-10 | 1977-03-15 | Qantix Corporation | Sawtooth shaped front screen |
| US4025159A (en) | 1976-02-17 | 1977-05-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cellular retroreflective sheeting |
| US4349598A (en) | 1976-12-01 | 1982-09-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | High incidence angle retroreflective material |
| US4668558A (en) | 1978-07-20 | 1987-05-26 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Shaped plastic articles having replicated microstructure surfaces |
| US4582885A (en) | 1978-07-20 | 1986-04-15 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Shaped plastic articles having replicated microstructure surfaces |
| US4576850A (en) | 1978-07-20 | 1986-03-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Shaped plastic articles having replicated microstructure surfaces |
| US4634220A (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1987-01-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Directionally imaged sheeting |
| US4645301A (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1987-02-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Transparent sheet containing authenticating image and method of making same |
| US4542449A (en) | 1983-08-29 | 1985-09-17 | Canadian Patents & Development Limited | Lighting panel with opposed 45° corrugations |
| US4588258A (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1986-05-13 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cube-corner retroreflective articles having wide angularity in multiple viewing planes |
| US4650283A (en) | 1984-08-03 | 1987-03-17 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Directionally imaged retroreflective sheeting |
| US4691993A (en) | 1985-05-13 | 1987-09-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Transparent sheets containing directional images and method for forming the same |
| US4708920A (en) | 1985-09-16 | 1987-11-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microlens sheet containing directional half-tone images and method for making the same |
| CA1267173A (en) | 1985-09-23 | 1990-03-27 | Thomas I. Bradshaw | Sheet containing contour-dependent directional image and method for forming the same |
| CA1279783C (en) | 1985-11-21 | 1991-02-05 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Totally internally reflecting thin, flexible film |
| US4938563A (en) | 1986-11-21 | 1990-07-03 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | High efficiency cube corner retroflective material |
| US4726134A (en) | 1986-11-21 | 1988-02-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Roadway sign |
| US4983436A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1991-01-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Retroreflective sheeting with backing film |
| GB8720923D0 (en) | 1987-09-05 | 1987-10-14 | Emi Plc Thorn | Optical image rotators |
| US4895428A (en) | 1988-07-26 | 1990-01-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | High efficiency retroreflective material |
| US5122902A (en) | 1989-03-31 | 1992-06-16 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Retroreflective articles having light-transmissive surfaces |
| JPH0796689B2 (ja) | 1989-06-20 | 1995-10-18 | 日本鋼管株式会社 | 非焼成ペレットの製造方法 |
| US5050327A (en) | 1989-11-17 | 1991-09-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Retroreflective sign having improved legibility |
| US5254390B1 (en) | 1990-11-15 | 1999-05-18 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Plano-convex base sheet for retroreflective articles |
| ZA918849B (en) | 1990-12-06 | 1992-08-26 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Articles exhibiting durable fluorescence |
| US5237449A (en) | 1991-01-29 | 1993-08-17 | Nelson Optics Company, Inc. | Biased lenticular sign system |
| US5272562A (en) | 1993-02-05 | 1993-12-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Cube-corner retroreflective articles |
| US5450235A (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1995-09-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Flexible cube-corner retroreflective sheeting |
| US5471348A (en) | 1994-05-13 | 1995-11-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Directed reflection optical device |
| US5840405A (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1998-11-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Glittering cube-corner retroreflective sheeting |
| US5814355A (en) | 1996-04-30 | 1998-09-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Mold for producing glittering cube-corner retroreflective sheeting |
| US6045230A (en) | 1998-02-05 | 2000-04-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Modulating retroreflective article |
-
1998
- 1998-02-05 US US09/019,113 patent/US6282026B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-08 CN CNB988135019A patent/CN1135407C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-08 CA CA002318428A patent/CA2318428A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-08 WO PCT/US1998/011777 patent/WO1999040461A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-08 AU AU78244/98A patent/AU7824498A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-08 EP EP98926397A patent/EP1053491B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-08 JP JP2000530816A patent/JP2002502984A/ja active Pending
- 1998-06-08 KR KR10-2000-7008607A patent/KR100506560B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-08 DE DE69814926T patent/DE69814926T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-01-26 TW TW088101165A patent/TW416009B/zh active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1053491A1 (en) | 2000-11-22 |
| KR100506560B1 (ko) | 2005-08-08 |
| EP1053491B1 (en) | 2003-05-21 |
| DE69814926T2 (de) | 2004-03-11 |
| CN1135407C (zh) | 2004-01-21 |
| US6282026B1 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
| KR20010040724A (ko) | 2001-05-15 |
| WO1999040461A1 (en) | 1999-08-12 |
| DE69814926D1 (de) | 2003-06-26 |
| TW416009B (en) | 2000-12-21 |
| AU7824498A (en) | 1999-08-23 |
| CN1284173A (zh) | 2001-02-14 |
| JP2002502984A (ja) | 2002-01-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |