CA2084025A1 - Process and apparatus for the ingot or continuous casting of metals - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for the ingot or continuous casting of metalsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2084025A1 CA2084025A1 CA002084025A CA2084025A CA2084025A1 CA 2084025 A1 CA2084025 A1 CA 2084025A1 CA 002084025 A CA002084025 A CA 002084025A CA 2084025 A CA2084025 A CA 2084025A CA 2084025 A1 CA2084025 A1 CA 2084025A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- wall
- mould
- process according
- molten metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001296096 Probles Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/06—Heating the top discard of ingots
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the ingot or continuous casting of metals in a mould having heat-dissipating walls. To prevent as far as possible the formation of casting or oscillation marks on the surface of the ingot or strand to be cast, according to the invention heat is supplied to the melt in the zone of the surface of the molten metal adjacent the wall, so that the metal is kept molten in said zone.
The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the ingot or continuous casting of metals in a mould having heat-dissipating walls. To prevent as far as possible the formation of casting or oscillation marks on the surface of the ingot or strand to be cast, according to the invention heat is supplied to the melt in the zone of the surface of the molten metal adjacent the wall, so that the metal is kept molten in said zone.
Description
PROCESS AND APPARA~US FOR TH~ INGOT OR CONTINUOUS C~STING
OF METALS
_________________________________________________________________ The invention relates to a process for the ingot or continuous casting of metals in a mould having heat-dissipating walls and also to an apparatus for the performance of the process.
In both ingot casting and continuous casting, peripherally extending depressions occur at variously regularly intervals on the surface of the cast product. In ingot casting they are known as casting marks and in continuous casting as oscillation ~arks.
Due to their notching effect these marks can encourage the occurrence of cracks in the surface of the strand, thus contributing towards crack formation during hot rolling of both ingot and continuously cast material. Investigations have shown that the formation of these undesirable marks on the surface of ~he cast ingot or strand are due to the fact that, due to the surface tension of the melt, the melt is convexly curved in the zone adjoining the heat-dissipating walls of the mould and solidifies to for~ a meniscus shell at that place.
~he solidlfied menLscus shell forms with the heat-dissipating walls a gap which can only be partially filled by the after-~ ~ 3 ~
flowing molten metal during continuous casting, since due tocooling, such after-flowing metal rapidly solidifies on the walls.
Various proposals have been made to at least reduce the formation of such casting or oscillation marks on the surfaces of cast ingots or strands, but such proposals are either unsuitable for practical operation or have failed to give a satisfactory result in practical operation.
One prior art proposal to reduce the oscillation mar~s in continuous casting consists in selecting high frequencies (f > = 110 min~1) for the oscillation of the mould and the small oscillatory movements (S = 3 - 10 mm). Since the result of a casting process using these conditions was unsatisfactory, an attemp-t was made so to improve the oscillatory conditions by a lubricating effect, improved by means of pulverulent additives, between the melt and the cooled mould walls that no defor~ation of the surface of the molten metal can take place during the oscillatory movements as a result of slag lying on the surface of the metal. It is not known whether such a process has been adopted and found satisfactory in practical operation (DE 3~ 13 611 A1).
In ano~her prior art process the cooling intensity of the cooled walls of the mould on the melt in the zone of its surface is reduced by means of an insert of lower thermal conductivity disposed in the cooled ~ould wall adjoining the surface of the melt. This step has proved unsatisfactory in practical operation, _ 3 _ 2 ~ $ ~
because after only a few castings the insert is cracked and/or worn, so that faults may occur on the strand surface or even strand break-outs (~P 0 030 308 A1).
It is an object of the invention to provide a process for the ingot or continuous casting of metals and also an apparatus suitable for the perormance of the process, by means o~ both of which ingots or strands can be cast whose surfaces are as free as possible from casting or oscillation marks.
This problem is solved in the process according to the invention by the feature that the metal cast into the mould is kept molten by the supply of heat in a zone of the surface of the molten metal adjoining the wall.
In contrast with one of the aforementioned prior art processes, in the process according to the invention ~he cooling intensity of the walls on the melt ~or the formation of a solidified shell is not reduced, but an appropriate supply of heat at the critical place in the zone of the melt surface adjoining the cooled mould walls substantially reduces, or even prevents the formation of a solidified meniscus shell starting from the cooled walls. In practice, therefore, casting or oscillation marks are no longer ~ormed. Since according to the invention the cooling effect of the mould wall, for example by the heating or insulating inserts, ls not reduced and certainly not cancelled out, there is no prevention of the desirable growth of th~e strand shell increasing as quickly as possi.ble. Co~parative investigations of the conventional continuous casting procsss and the process according ~8~3~ ~
_ 4 21421-255 to the invention have shown that using the process according to the invention the depth of the oscillation marks can be reduced by more than one power of ten up to two powers of ten.
In an experimental per~ormance of the process accord-ing to the invention, satisfactory results were achieved when the depth of penetration of the supplied heat into the melt was up to 15 mm. The width of the zone kept liquid by the supply of heat should extend at a distance from the mould wall from practically 0 mm to approximately 15 mm. Of course, the determination of the individual dimensions depends on the cooling intensity of the walls, the mould cross-section, casting speed and the material of the melt. Thus, the depth may possibly need to be up to about 50 mm and the width may possibly need to be up to about 30 mm.
The supply of heat overheats the melt to 15C above the melting point of the metal, so that when the meniscus washes over on the walls, the gap between the meniscus and the walls is filled to the maximum extent possible.
According to a preferred feature of the invention, heat is supplied to the melt from above. An induction heating can be used for this purpose. Alternatively, however, use can also be made of a gas burner. To substantiall~ avoid oxidation of the surface of the molten metal by the gas burner flame, the flame must be of an only weakly oxidizing nature. Oxidation oE the steel melt can be reliably prevented iE heat is supplied in-directly by the heating of the surface of the melt by means of an .inert gas as intermediate carrier Eor the energy. Heat might also be supplied indirectly by the heating of casting slag .
~ ' .
- 5 ~ s~
lying on -the surface of the molten metal. In any case, the supply of heat must be so devised that only a predetermined narrow zone of the surface of the metal along the mould walls is heated, but there is no direct heating of the cooled mould walls.
If a gas burner is used, care must be taken that if the level of the metal is covered with casting oil or llquid ca~ting slag or casting powder, the casting oil or casting slay is not displaced in the zone adjacent the wall, since otherwise the lubricating effect is reduced at that place or undesirable oxidations occur.
If according to another feature of the invention, the ~as burner is directed at the melt at an inclination from above with a component directed against the mould wall, the casting oil or casting slag remains even in the zone adjacent the wall, so that the afore-described proble~s do not crop up.
According to another feature of the invention, which is particularly advantageously used in continuous casting, the melt is heated in the zone of its surface by electromagnetic induction fields penetrating laterally into the melt. A suitable selection of the frequency of the current driving the electromagnetic induction fields results in a high specific heating power bein~
in-troduced exclusively into the surface zones of the molten metal which adjoin the wall, but not into the mould walls.
In an apparatus suitable for the performance of the process, heating devices operative laterally of or above the surface of the metal are provided in the mould in the zone adjacent the q ~
wall. The heating devices are ~referably an induction heating or gas burners directed at the surface o~ the molten metal. In continuous casting use is preferably made of a heating device consistin~ of a number of induction coils incorporated in the mould walls and suitably disposed at the level of the surface of the melt or of the slag layer.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the diagrammatic drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is an axial section of a portion of the wall zone of an ingot casting mould, and Fig. 2 is an axial section of a portion of the wall zone of a continuous casting mould.
During the casting of molten metal into a mould 1 having heat-dissipating walls, due to the surface tension of the molten metal at the liquid level 3 the melt 2 forms a convexly curved meniscus in the zone adjacent the wall. The melt solidifies at the place where the level 3 of the melt rising in direction 7 contacts the heat-dissipating wall 1. A further supply of molten metal washes over this solidified zone 4, the melt 2 only partially filling the gap between the meniscus shell 4 and the mould wall 1, since the melt is prevented from penetrating the narrow gap by the ccoling effect of the mould wall 1. Every time the meniscus shell is washed over by liquid melt, therefore, a linear depression 5 of the ingot surface is produ~ed at the periphery of the ingot.
To ensure that the melt solidi~ying on the surface 3 grows into the inside of the mould as little as possible, disposed above the level 3 of the melt is a heating device in the form of gas burners 6 whose jet is directed at the surface 3 of the molten metal. One component of the jet should also be directed at the wall 1. Since during ingot castlng the level 3 of the ~olten metal constantly rises, the heating device 6 must be lifted synchronously with the rise of the level of the metal. In this way conditions are maintained identical during ingot casting.
As shown in Fig. 2, during the casting of molten metal 2 into a continuous casting mould 1, the casting level is constantly covered with casting powder. This powder melts by contact with the li~uid steel.
Similarly as in ingot casting, in this case also a solidifying convex meniscus shell 4 is formed. During the oscillating motion of the mould, accompanied by the withdrawal of the strand in the direction 7 and the further supply of molten metal, the meniscus shell is washed over by metal, which can only partially fill the gap between the meniscus shell 4 and the mould wall 1, since it is prevented from flowing into the narrow gap by the heavy cooling of the wall 1. In every cycle of oscillation of the mould, there~ore, a linear depression 5 is produced at the periphery of the strand.
To ensure that the melt solidifying at the surrace 3 grows as little as possible into the inside of the mould and fills the gap as completely as possible with the afore-mentioned washing-over - 8 ~ 2 ~
of the melt, an lnductive heating device 9 is disposed in the mould wall 1 in the zone of the surface 3 of the molten metal.
The height of the inductor 9 is approximately 30 to 100 mm. The inductor 9 can be installed fixed in the mould wall 1 since during continuous casting, due to the continuous withdrawal of the strand and the continuous supply of molten metal, the surface of the melt is maintained at the same level.
In another embodiment (not shown) of the invention for continuous casting, the inductor is disposed not in the wall 1 of the mould, but immediately in front of said wall, close above the casting powder ~ covering the surface 3 of the melt.
Experiments have shown that the specific heating power to be provided must amount to several thousand kW/m2. With a heating power of approximately 4000 to 8000 kW/m2 and a speed of rise and casting of continuously cast melt of 0.15 m/min, a depth of penetration of 15 mm can be achieved for steel. The depth of the casting marks occurring was less than 0.01 mm. Clearly, with the higher casting speeds customarily used in continuous casting, due to the short dwell time of the meniscus in the zone of action of the heating device 6, a higher specific heating power must be selected. For continuous casting, therefore, specific heating powers ~etween ~000 and 30 000 kW/m2 will be required. In a typical example of continuous casting, the casting speed is approximately 1 m/min. In that case a specific heating power of aooo kW/m2 is needed. In the case of a zone at a di~tance of up ~$~
g to 20 mm from the mould wall 1 to be acted upon with this heating power, the following powers are obtained for different sizes:
slab size 2000 mm x 260 mm : 720 kW
bloom size 380 mm x 260 mm : 205 kW.
OF METALS
_________________________________________________________________ The invention relates to a process for the ingot or continuous casting of metals in a mould having heat-dissipating walls and also to an apparatus for the performance of the process.
In both ingot casting and continuous casting, peripherally extending depressions occur at variously regularly intervals on the surface of the cast product. In ingot casting they are known as casting marks and in continuous casting as oscillation ~arks.
Due to their notching effect these marks can encourage the occurrence of cracks in the surface of the strand, thus contributing towards crack formation during hot rolling of both ingot and continuously cast material. Investigations have shown that the formation of these undesirable marks on the surface of ~he cast ingot or strand are due to the fact that, due to the surface tension of the melt, the melt is convexly curved in the zone adjoining the heat-dissipating walls of the mould and solidifies to for~ a meniscus shell at that place.
~he solidlfied menLscus shell forms with the heat-dissipating walls a gap which can only be partially filled by the after-~ ~ 3 ~
flowing molten metal during continuous casting, since due tocooling, such after-flowing metal rapidly solidifies on the walls.
Various proposals have been made to at least reduce the formation of such casting or oscillation marks on the surfaces of cast ingots or strands, but such proposals are either unsuitable for practical operation or have failed to give a satisfactory result in practical operation.
One prior art proposal to reduce the oscillation mar~s in continuous casting consists in selecting high frequencies (f > = 110 min~1) for the oscillation of the mould and the small oscillatory movements (S = 3 - 10 mm). Since the result of a casting process using these conditions was unsatisfactory, an attemp-t was made so to improve the oscillatory conditions by a lubricating effect, improved by means of pulverulent additives, between the melt and the cooled mould walls that no defor~ation of the surface of the molten metal can take place during the oscillatory movements as a result of slag lying on the surface of the metal. It is not known whether such a process has been adopted and found satisfactory in practical operation (DE 3~ 13 611 A1).
In ano~her prior art process the cooling intensity of the cooled walls of the mould on the melt in the zone of its surface is reduced by means of an insert of lower thermal conductivity disposed in the cooled ~ould wall adjoining the surface of the melt. This step has proved unsatisfactory in practical operation, _ 3 _ 2 ~ $ ~
because after only a few castings the insert is cracked and/or worn, so that faults may occur on the strand surface or even strand break-outs (~P 0 030 308 A1).
It is an object of the invention to provide a process for the ingot or continuous casting of metals and also an apparatus suitable for the perormance of the process, by means o~ both of which ingots or strands can be cast whose surfaces are as free as possible from casting or oscillation marks.
This problem is solved in the process according to the invention by the feature that the metal cast into the mould is kept molten by the supply of heat in a zone of the surface of the molten metal adjoining the wall.
In contrast with one of the aforementioned prior art processes, in the process according to the invention ~he cooling intensity of the walls on the melt ~or the formation of a solidified shell is not reduced, but an appropriate supply of heat at the critical place in the zone of the melt surface adjoining the cooled mould walls substantially reduces, or even prevents the formation of a solidified meniscus shell starting from the cooled walls. In practice, therefore, casting or oscillation marks are no longer ~ormed. Since according to the invention the cooling effect of the mould wall, for example by the heating or insulating inserts, ls not reduced and certainly not cancelled out, there is no prevention of the desirable growth of th~e strand shell increasing as quickly as possi.ble. Co~parative investigations of the conventional continuous casting procsss and the process according ~8~3~ ~
_ 4 21421-255 to the invention have shown that using the process according to the invention the depth of the oscillation marks can be reduced by more than one power of ten up to two powers of ten.
In an experimental per~ormance of the process accord-ing to the invention, satisfactory results were achieved when the depth of penetration of the supplied heat into the melt was up to 15 mm. The width of the zone kept liquid by the supply of heat should extend at a distance from the mould wall from practically 0 mm to approximately 15 mm. Of course, the determination of the individual dimensions depends on the cooling intensity of the walls, the mould cross-section, casting speed and the material of the melt. Thus, the depth may possibly need to be up to about 50 mm and the width may possibly need to be up to about 30 mm.
The supply of heat overheats the melt to 15C above the melting point of the metal, so that when the meniscus washes over on the walls, the gap between the meniscus and the walls is filled to the maximum extent possible.
According to a preferred feature of the invention, heat is supplied to the melt from above. An induction heating can be used for this purpose. Alternatively, however, use can also be made of a gas burner. To substantiall~ avoid oxidation of the surface of the molten metal by the gas burner flame, the flame must be of an only weakly oxidizing nature. Oxidation oE the steel melt can be reliably prevented iE heat is supplied in-directly by the heating of the surface of the melt by means of an .inert gas as intermediate carrier Eor the energy. Heat might also be supplied indirectly by the heating of casting slag .
~ ' .
- 5 ~ s~
lying on -the surface of the molten metal. In any case, the supply of heat must be so devised that only a predetermined narrow zone of the surface of the metal along the mould walls is heated, but there is no direct heating of the cooled mould walls.
If a gas burner is used, care must be taken that if the level of the metal is covered with casting oil or llquid ca~ting slag or casting powder, the casting oil or casting slay is not displaced in the zone adjacent the wall, since otherwise the lubricating effect is reduced at that place or undesirable oxidations occur.
If according to another feature of the invention, the ~as burner is directed at the melt at an inclination from above with a component directed against the mould wall, the casting oil or casting slag remains even in the zone adjacent the wall, so that the afore-described proble~s do not crop up.
According to another feature of the invention, which is particularly advantageously used in continuous casting, the melt is heated in the zone of its surface by electromagnetic induction fields penetrating laterally into the melt. A suitable selection of the frequency of the current driving the electromagnetic induction fields results in a high specific heating power bein~
in-troduced exclusively into the surface zones of the molten metal which adjoin the wall, but not into the mould walls.
In an apparatus suitable for the performance of the process, heating devices operative laterally of or above the surface of the metal are provided in the mould in the zone adjacent the q ~
wall. The heating devices are ~referably an induction heating or gas burners directed at the surface o~ the molten metal. In continuous casting use is preferably made of a heating device consistin~ of a number of induction coils incorporated in the mould walls and suitably disposed at the level of the surface of the melt or of the slag layer.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the diagrammatic drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is an axial section of a portion of the wall zone of an ingot casting mould, and Fig. 2 is an axial section of a portion of the wall zone of a continuous casting mould.
During the casting of molten metal into a mould 1 having heat-dissipating walls, due to the surface tension of the molten metal at the liquid level 3 the melt 2 forms a convexly curved meniscus in the zone adjacent the wall. The melt solidifies at the place where the level 3 of the melt rising in direction 7 contacts the heat-dissipating wall 1. A further supply of molten metal washes over this solidified zone 4, the melt 2 only partially filling the gap between the meniscus shell 4 and the mould wall 1, since the melt is prevented from penetrating the narrow gap by the ccoling effect of the mould wall 1. Every time the meniscus shell is washed over by liquid melt, therefore, a linear depression 5 of the ingot surface is produ~ed at the periphery of the ingot.
To ensure that the melt solidi~ying on the surface 3 grows into the inside of the mould as little as possible, disposed above the level 3 of the melt is a heating device in the form of gas burners 6 whose jet is directed at the surface 3 of the molten metal. One component of the jet should also be directed at the wall 1. Since during ingot castlng the level 3 of the ~olten metal constantly rises, the heating device 6 must be lifted synchronously with the rise of the level of the metal. In this way conditions are maintained identical during ingot casting.
As shown in Fig. 2, during the casting of molten metal 2 into a continuous casting mould 1, the casting level is constantly covered with casting powder. This powder melts by contact with the li~uid steel.
Similarly as in ingot casting, in this case also a solidifying convex meniscus shell 4 is formed. During the oscillating motion of the mould, accompanied by the withdrawal of the strand in the direction 7 and the further supply of molten metal, the meniscus shell is washed over by metal, which can only partially fill the gap between the meniscus shell 4 and the mould wall 1, since it is prevented from flowing into the narrow gap by the heavy cooling of the wall 1. In every cycle of oscillation of the mould, there~ore, a linear depression 5 is produced at the periphery of the strand.
To ensure that the melt solidifying at the surrace 3 grows as little as possible into the inside of the mould and fills the gap as completely as possible with the afore-mentioned washing-over - 8 ~ 2 ~
of the melt, an lnductive heating device 9 is disposed in the mould wall 1 in the zone of the surface 3 of the molten metal.
The height of the inductor 9 is approximately 30 to 100 mm. The inductor 9 can be installed fixed in the mould wall 1 since during continuous casting, due to the continuous withdrawal of the strand and the continuous supply of molten metal, the surface of the melt is maintained at the same level.
In another embodiment (not shown) of the invention for continuous casting, the inductor is disposed not in the wall 1 of the mould, but immediately in front of said wall, close above the casting powder ~ covering the surface 3 of the melt.
Experiments have shown that the specific heating power to be provided must amount to several thousand kW/m2. With a heating power of approximately 4000 to 8000 kW/m2 and a speed of rise and casting of continuously cast melt of 0.15 m/min, a depth of penetration of 15 mm can be achieved for steel. The depth of the casting marks occurring was less than 0.01 mm. Clearly, with the higher casting speeds customarily used in continuous casting, due to the short dwell time of the meniscus in the zone of action of the heating device 6, a higher specific heating power must be selected. For continuous casting, therefore, specific heating powers ~etween ~000 and 30 000 kW/m2 will be required. In a typical example of continuous casting, the casting speed is approximately 1 m/min. In that case a specific heating power of aooo kW/m2 is needed. In the case of a zone at a di~tance of up ~$~
g to 20 mm from the mould wall 1 to be acted upon with this heating power, the following powers are obtained for different sizes:
slab size 2000 mm x 260 mm : 720 kW
bloom size 380 mm x 260 mm : 205 kW.
Claims (19)
- THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
l. A process for the ingot and continuous casting of a metal in a mould having a heat-dissipating wall, wherein the metal cast into the mould is kept molten by supplying heat in a zone of a surface of the molten metal adjoining the heat-dissipating wall without directly heating the heat-dissipating wall. - 2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the heat is supplied into the melt such that it penetrates to a depth of up to 50 mm.
- 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein the zone of a surface of the molten metal kept molten by the supply of heat extends to a distance of 30 mm from the mould wall.
- 4. A process according to claim 1, wherein the zone of a surface of the molten metal kept molten by the supply of heat extends to a distance of 15 mm from the mould wall.
- 5. A process according to claim 3, wherein the zone kept molten by the supply of heat starts at a distance of vertually 0 mm from the wall.
- 6. A process according to any one of claims l to 5, where-in the melt is overheated by the supply of heat up to 30°C above the melting point of the metal.
- 7. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat is supplied to the melt from above.
- 8. A process according to any one of claims l to 5, where-in the heat is supplied by means of an induction heating.
- 9. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat is supplied by means of a flame of a gas burner.
- 10. A process according to claim 9, wherein the gas burner is directed at the melt at an inclined angle from above with a component directed towards the mould wall.
- 11. A process according to claim 10, wherein the flame of the gas burner has only a weakly oxidizing effect.
- 12. A process according to claim 10, wherein the heating by means of the gas burner is performed via an inert gas as intermediate carrier.
- 13. A process according to claim 9, wherein casting slag lying on the surface of the molten metal is heated by means of the gas burner.
- 14. An apparatus for the ingot or continuous casting of a molten metal, comprising a mould having a heat-dissipating wall and a heating device in the mould, wherein the said heating device is capable of heating a zone of a surface of the molten metal adjacent the wall and is operative laterally or above the said zone adjacent the wall.
- 15. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the heating device is an induction heating.
- 16. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the induc-tion heating has an inductor incorporated in the mould wall at around a surface level of the molten metal.
- 17. An apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the induction heating has an inductor disposed above the casting slag and adjacent the mould wall.
- 18. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the heat-ing device is a gas burner.
- 19. An apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the gas burner is directed at a surface of the molten metal at an inclined angle from above with a component directed towards the mould wall.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4139087.3-24 | 1991-11-28 | ||
| DE4139087A DE4139087A1 (en) | 1991-11-28 | 1991-11-28 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BLOCK OR CONTINUOUSLY CASTING METALS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2084025A1 true CA2084025A1 (en) | 1993-05-29 |
Family
ID=6445745
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002084025A Abandoned CA2084025A1 (en) | 1991-11-28 | 1992-11-27 | Process and apparatus for the ingot or continuous casting of metals |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0544114A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05212518A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR930009680A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2960592A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2084025A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ350792A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4139087A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI925345A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL296725A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ302712B6 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-09-14 | Afe Cronite Cz S.R.O. | Production technology of bimetallic and multilayer castings cast by gravity and centrifugal casting processes |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU60743A1 (en) * | 1970-04-16 | 1972-03-02 | ||
| IT1040998B (en) * | 1975-07-23 | 1979-12-20 | Centro Speriment Metallurg | ROLLER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MELTED INGOTS UNDER ELECTROSCORIA |
| EP0030308A1 (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1981-06-17 | Concast Holding Ag | Continuous casting mould for pouring steel |
| SE452122B (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1987-11-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | PROCEDURE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF STEEL PLATINES FREE OF SURFACE |
| JPS5781944A (en) * | 1980-09-13 | 1982-05-22 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Continuous casting device |
| LU83476A1 (en) * | 1981-07-08 | 1983-04-06 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | IMPROVEMENTS IN CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESSES FOR METALS, AND LINGOTIERE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THESE PROCESSES |
| JPS5897464A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1983-06-09 | Atsumi Ono | Continuous casting method for eutectic composite material |
| JPS61245949A (en) * | 1985-04-22 | 1986-11-01 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Continuous casting method |
| JPS62127162A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1987-06-09 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Production of steel ingot |
| JPS6356339A (en) * | 1986-08-25 | 1988-03-10 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Dripping type casting device |
-
1991
- 1991-11-28 DE DE4139087A patent/DE4139087A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-10-28 EP EP92118392A patent/EP0544114A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-11-24 AU AU29605/92A patent/AU2960592A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-11-24 KR KR1019920022244A patent/KR930009680A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-11-25 PL PL29672592A patent/PL296725A1/en unknown
- 1992-11-25 FI FI925345A patent/FI925345A/en unknown
- 1992-11-27 CZ CS923507A patent/CZ350792A3/en unknown
- 1992-11-27 JP JP4317653A patent/JPH05212518A/en active Pending
- 1992-11-27 CA CA002084025A patent/CA2084025A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI925345A (en) | 1993-05-29 |
| FI925345A0 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
| KR930009680A (en) | 1993-06-21 |
| CZ350792A3 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| PL296725A1 (en) | 1993-07-12 |
| AU2960592A (en) | 1993-06-03 |
| JPH05212518A (en) | 1993-08-24 |
| EP0544114A1 (en) | 1993-06-02 |
| DE4139087A1 (en) | 1993-06-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Dead |