CA2007858A1 - Fixing device for cladding elements - Google Patents
Fixing device for cladding elementsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2007858A1 CA2007858A1 CA002007858A CA2007858A CA2007858A1 CA 2007858 A1 CA2007858 A1 CA 2007858A1 CA 002007858 A CA002007858 A CA 002007858A CA 2007858 A CA2007858 A CA 2007858A CA 2007858 A1 CA2007858 A1 CA 2007858A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- support
- fixing frame
- fixing
- fixing device
- extension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
- E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
- E04F13/0805—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall
- E04F13/0808—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and the wall adjustable in several directions one of which is perpendicular to the wall
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A freely-movable fixing device is proposed for compensating for longitudinal changes in cladding elements caused by moisture and by fluctuations of temperature. The fixing device includes telescopically-adjustable and fixable brackets, which are placed between the external wall of a building and a fixing frame run-ning parallel to the external wall of the building, the brackets being slidably secured to the fixing frame. The brackets are slidably guided in a common plane which is positioned vertically to the external wall of the building. In order to be able to support the fixing frame, movement of the brackets in the fixing frame is confined by an abutment. By the use of this fixing device, the constructional tolerances are correctable by adjustment.
A freely-movable fixing device is proposed for compensating for longitudinal changes in cladding elements caused by moisture and by fluctuations of temperature. The fixing device includes telescopically-adjustable and fixable brackets, which are placed between the external wall of a building and a fixing frame run-ning parallel to the external wall of the building, the brackets being slidably secured to the fixing frame. The brackets are slidably guided in a common plane which is positioned vertically to the external wall of the building. In order to be able to support the fixing frame, movement of the brackets in the fixing frame is confined by an abutment. By the use of this fixing device, the constructional tolerances are correctable by adjustment.
Description
2~7~358 - The invention relates to a fixing device for cladding elements (cladding boards) of structures.
Such structures serve as an external skin for the purpose of providing weather protection for thermal insulation ele~ents of the external wall of buildings. The structures also serve to transfer, in addition to the intrinsic weight, the weigllt of the cladding boards and the static and the dynamic loads resulting from the pressure and partial vacuum of wind loading against -the external wall of buildings. The present invention therefore is a kind of scaffold construction which is necessary as a fixing base for the cladding elements.
In one known construction, an angle or "T"-profiled section having a maximum length of 6 m is screwed to the external face of , 15 the building as a support rail so that an arm projects from the wall. An angle or "T"-profiled section is also used as a fixing frame for the cladding elements. After fixing the insulation to the external wall of the building, the free-standing arms of the fixing frame and the ~upport rail are ~oined together to form, on . .
the external wall of the building, a permanent support framework for the acceptance of cladding elements and form, with these, an adequately stable external face of the building. In order to avoid the need for separate adjusting devices, a proposal has been made to use a provisional fixing to -the support rail by ~25 means of integrated spring elements of the fixing frame.
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Another clamping construckion is one in which the fixing frame is designed as a "T"-profiled section having long double arms so that the long arm of the support rail, or bracket-like parts of it, can be clamped between the double arms of the fixing frame by rivets or screws.
The chief disadvantage of these known constructions is the unresolved problem of the fixing of the cladding elements due to the change in length of the cladding boards caused by external temperature and moisture changes.
Another disadvantage of conventional constructions is the labour intensive adjustment due to the final fixing on site. In addition, special machines are needed for the preparation of the a~sembly holes.
Another disadvantage is the ormation of low temperature bridges by breaks in the insulation and by large ~urface contact of support rails and the fixing frame, all of which produce unfavourable thermal losses and structural consequences.
A proposal adopting a more suitable fixing was provided by a construction using a "V"-shaped fixing piece screwed to the external wall of the building, the "V"-shaped fixing piece having two slotted arms and connecting piecests) securely attached to the fixing frame and interlocking with the slots in the arms.
The fixing piece~ were fixed one over the other. In other words, the points where the connecting pieces interlocked with the slots of the fixing piece permitted either no movement or only a restricted amount of movement.
:' ~' 2~785~3 Due to the excellent resistance to corrosion and the favourable strength in relation to weight, the aluminum alloy, AlMgSi, has been used for the support construction, despite its undesirably-large coefficient of expansion. Replacement of cladding panels containing asbestos by more environmentally-acceptable materials (e.g. aluminum sandwiches, glass fibre cements, ceramics, synthetic resins, polyester concretes, etc.) has, at the same time, increased the requirements in respect of the problem of expansion. Consequently, conventional construc-tions will therefore not meet future requirements.
The principal object of this invention is to minimize or even to obviate the above-mentioned disadvantages.
According to one broad aspect of this invention, a ixing device is provided for cladding element~ for a building, the fixing device comprising: a fixing frame adapted to be positioned parallel to the external wall of the building; telescopically-extendable fixable brackets, adapted to be placed between the external wall of the building and the fixing frame, the brac}cets being securely connected to the fixing frame and being slidably guided in a common plane positioned vertically to the external wall of the building; and at least one abutment to restrict the movement of the bracket with respect to the fixing frame.
;~ The support rail preferably iY fitted to the external wall ~5 of the building and serves as a means for the guidance of the telescopically-adjustable bracket. This support rail, which is disposed parallel to the external wall, as well as the fixing . ', . ^ - , -', : . , ', '' , ' :
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; frame, which is clisposed perpendicular to the external wall, include a "T"-shaped longitudinal groove. The foot of the telescopically-adjuskable bracket preferably is disposed within the longitudinal groove of the support rail and can slide as required until reaching the abutment. The free end of the brack~t is connected with a "T"-head bolt interlocking with the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove in the fixing frame. The bracket ; preferably comprises a support and an extension surrounding the support cross-section, the extension including a longitudinal slot having the width of the square shoulder of a screw and a through hole. The support therefore also includes a through ; hole.
A screw having a square shoulder preferably is usecl for the ` 15 adjustment of the supports with the extension so that the square shoulder serves as a groove block in the longitudinal slot.
; ~uts, e.g. stop nuts, are preferably used for fixing the exten-sion to the fixing frame and ~or the adjustment of the supports with the extension. The abutment may also be used for fixing the support rail to the external wall of the building.
An optimal expansion characteristic of the cladding con- -struction is achieved by the fixing device as described above in accordance with aspects of this invention. As a result of the ~ fixing device provided in accordance with aspects of this inven-;25 tion, manufacture is simplified by the fact that all parts can be provided cut to size and with all cutouts mass manufactured ; during factory prefabrication. Machining operations, e.g. holes .:
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7~3~8 and slots, can be punched out instead of using drilling and routing operations.
As a result of the use of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention, assembly is simplified by the fact that the parts not only are machine finished, but also arrive at the site preassembled. Apart from the fixing of the support rails to the external wall of the building, the other parts are joined by simple positioning and fixing by tightening of screws. As the screw connections have been conveniently preassembled and do not have to be separated again for instal-lation, small items, e.g. screws and nuts, used with aspects of the present invention are protected to a large extent from becoming lost on site.
An additional advantage of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention is that the wall fixing of the upport rail serves as an abutment for the bracket.
A further advantage of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention is in the avoidance of low temperature bridges along the support rail, since, because of their flat design, the fixing devices may be integrated with the insulation.
Another advantage of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention lies in the longitudinal adjustability of the bracket. As a result of this, acceptance of large building tolerances when installing the fixing device is possible.
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In addition, because the fact that the bracket can slide into the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove of the support rail, the fixing device of aspects of the present invention is particularly - 5 suitable for compensating for longitudinal expansion of the clad-ding elements caused by -the external temperature changes and by moisture changes.
In the accompanying drawings, - Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the fixing device of an ~10 aspect of this invention with a vertical fixing frame;
Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the fixing device as shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled cladding construction with a vertical fixing frame at a normal tempera-lS ture;
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-tion in accordance with Fig. 3 at an elevated temperature;
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-tion in accordance with Fig. 3 a lower temperature;
Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the fixing device with a horizontal fixing frame;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the fixing device with a horizontal fixing frame;
Fig. ~ is a cross-sectional view of the assembled cladding ~25 construction with a horizontal fixing frame at a normal tempera-- ture;
71~8 Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-tion in accordance with Fig. 8 at an elevated temperature; and Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-- 5 tion in accordance with ~ig. 8 at a lower temperature.
Figures 1 and 2 show two cladding elements 12 forming the face of a building. They are fixed by means (not shown) to the vertical fixing frame 6. The back face of the vertical fixing frame 6 is provided with a laterally open, "T"-shaped longi-tudinal groove 6' adapted to accept a "T"-head bolt 7 which serves as a means for fixing the extension piece 10, formed as a "T" groove profiled section, of the adjustable bracket 3. This adjustable bracket 3 includes the support 8 and the extension ; piece 10, the support 8 preferably bein~ formed as a "T"-profiled lS section. The arm of the support 8 projects into the "T"-groove of the extension piece 10. The flange of the support 8 provides a foot 8' of the adjustable bracket 3 which is disposed within the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 2' of the support rail 2. The support 8 is provided with a through hole 8" and likewise a through hole 10" is provided in extension piece 10. A "T"-head bolt 7 is fitted through hole 10" and the extension 10 is thus ~ecurely screwed to the fixing device 3. It is essential that the head of the "T"-head bolt 7 be only as wide as the opening of the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 6' of the vertical fixing frame 6 so that the "T"-head bolt 7 can be positioned at any point in longitudinal groove 6'. Consequently the "T"-head bolt ~' i~ .
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7, in the pre-assembled state, can be inserted through the through hole 10" and can carry the nut 7' and the "T"-head bolt can be suspended. In this suspended state, the nut 7' is S tightened as soon as the head of the "T"-head bolt 7 drops into the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 6', the friction of the thread rotating the "T"-head bolt 7 until the head strikes the side faces of the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 6' even before the vertical fixing frame 6 and the extension piece 10 are pressed ~;
together. To tighten, or to loosen, the screw connection, between the "T"-head bolt 7 and nut 7', only the nut 7' needs to be turned. There is no need to hold the screw 7. The same applies to the connection between the support 8 and the extension frame lO. The screw 14 with a square ~houlder and the nut 14' are pre-assembled. The bracket 3 i~ adjusted by sliding the square shouldered screw 14 which is inserted into the -through hole 8" of the support 8 into the slot 10' of the extension piece : 10.
Figures 6 and 7 show how the cladding elements 12 with a _ _ , _ _ , , , . , .. . . . . ., . , . .. ........ ., . .. . .. .. , .. , . ,, ~, horizontal fixing frame 60, provided with an open "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 60' and a "T"-head bolt 7, serve the purpose of fixing the extension piece lO0 of the adjustable bracket 3 formed as a "T"-~haped groove profiled section to the horizontal fixing frame 60.
Installation of the cladding elements 12 commences with the positioning and screwing of the support rails 2, fitted with ;~ ' ' r, . . .
2~ 158 _ 9 _ - brackets 3, with the aid of dowel screws 16 to the external wall 1 of the building. The head of the dowel screw 16 serves as an abutment 20 for the bracket 3. In order that the bracket 3 securely sits against the abutment 20 during assembly in accordance with Figs. 1 and 2 and 6 and 7, the bracket 3 is temporarily held, for example in this position, by a rubber band : ~not shown~. Installation of the insulation l:L, the thickness of which depends on the type and form, is then carried out. A space several centimetres thick is left open between the insulation 11 and the cladding elements 12. According to this, and according to the tolerances of the building, the wall clearance and the distance from the start of the cladding 12 from the adjustable brackets 3 is set. The behaviour of the cladding construction during use is evident by the comparison of the arrangement at normal temperatures, ~Figs. 3 and 8), at elevated temperatures, (Figs. 4 and 9) and at lower temperatures ~Figs. 5 and 10).
; At elevated temperatures, tSee Figures 4 and 9) the fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12, 12' and 12" expand and push `~
the brackets 3', 3" and 3"' upwards. As a result, with the exception of the bottom-most bracket 3, the other brackets, namely, 3', 3", 3"' lift off the abutments 16', 16" and 16"' and the cladding construction rests with its entire weight solely upon the lowermost abutment 16. At lower temperatures (see Figs~
5 and 10), namely at temperature lower than the normal temperature when installing ~see Figs. 3 and )3), the vertical .''`~ , .''.' .
`:
Zt~7~35i8 fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12, 12' and 12" are - shorter. The weight of the cladding construction therefore is suspended solely on the abutment 16"l of the bracket 3"'. Of S course, the entire construction of any cladding comprise~ several parallel sections in accordance with Figs. 3 and 8. The prin-ciple of support ~See Figures 4 and 9) or of suspension (see Figures 5 and 10) embodied as shown, are also applicable with horizontal fixing frames. The construc-tion can be ~aried as required by the omission or use of abutments 16 and by the combination of the same with loose and with rigid brackets 3.
An important aspect of this invention is that due to the proposed fixing device for the application of the most varied cladding panels 12, consideration for linear expansion and lS ~hrinkage o~ the ~ame can be diYregarded.
One example of the design is provided with just one bracket 3~-x with one abut~ent 16~_x out of a chain of loose brackets 3~.
The upper part of the construction is then supported on this bracket 3n-x~ while the lower part of the construction is suspended from this. In contrast to the fixing load and the design of the vertical fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12, redistribution of the load on to the bracket 3~_x has no effect. Therefore, in addition to considering wind loading, the asymmetry of tension and the pressure fatigue strength of the materials of the fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12 is decisive for optimum design of the construction.
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For the purpose of reducing tooling costs for the parts of ; the device, the cross-sections of -the support rail 2 and the extension piece 10 can be identical.
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Such structures serve as an external skin for the purpose of providing weather protection for thermal insulation ele~ents of the external wall of buildings. The structures also serve to transfer, in addition to the intrinsic weight, the weigllt of the cladding boards and the static and the dynamic loads resulting from the pressure and partial vacuum of wind loading against -the external wall of buildings. The present invention therefore is a kind of scaffold construction which is necessary as a fixing base for the cladding elements.
In one known construction, an angle or "T"-profiled section having a maximum length of 6 m is screwed to the external face of , 15 the building as a support rail so that an arm projects from the wall. An angle or "T"-profiled section is also used as a fixing frame for the cladding elements. After fixing the insulation to the external wall of the building, the free-standing arms of the fixing frame and the ~upport rail are ~oined together to form, on . .
the external wall of the building, a permanent support framework for the acceptance of cladding elements and form, with these, an adequately stable external face of the building. In order to avoid the need for separate adjusting devices, a proposal has been made to use a provisional fixing to -the support rail by ~25 means of integrated spring elements of the fixing frame.
. .
, . ~ ,. , : ,. . .
,, , . : , . . , . :
: . , : . ., : : :
:. . . . .
Another clamping construckion is one in which the fixing frame is designed as a "T"-profiled section having long double arms so that the long arm of the support rail, or bracket-like parts of it, can be clamped between the double arms of the fixing frame by rivets or screws.
The chief disadvantage of these known constructions is the unresolved problem of the fixing of the cladding elements due to the change in length of the cladding boards caused by external temperature and moisture changes.
Another disadvantage of conventional constructions is the labour intensive adjustment due to the final fixing on site. In addition, special machines are needed for the preparation of the a~sembly holes.
Another disadvantage is the ormation of low temperature bridges by breaks in the insulation and by large ~urface contact of support rails and the fixing frame, all of which produce unfavourable thermal losses and structural consequences.
A proposal adopting a more suitable fixing was provided by a construction using a "V"-shaped fixing piece screwed to the external wall of the building, the "V"-shaped fixing piece having two slotted arms and connecting piecests) securely attached to the fixing frame and interlocking with the slots in the arms.
The fixing piece~ were fixed one over the other. In other words, the points where the connecting pieces interlocked with the slots of the fixing piece permitted either no movement or only a restricted amount of movement.
:' ~' 2~785~3 Due to the excellent resistance to corrosion and the favourable strength in relation to weight, the aluminum alloy, AlMgSi, has been used for the support construction, despite its undesirably-large coefficient of expansion. Replacement of cladding panels containing asbestos by more environmentally-acceptable materials (e.g. aluminum sandwiches, glass fibre cements, ceramics, synthetic resins, polyester concretes, etc.) has, at the same time, increased the requirements in respect of the problem of expansion. Consequently, conventional construc-tions will therefore not meet future requirements.
The principal object of this invention is to minimize or even to obviate the above-mentioned disadvantages.
According to one broad aspect of this invention, a ixing device is provided for cladding element~ for a building, the fixing device comprising: a fixing frame adapted to be positioned parallel to the external wall of the building; telescopically-extendable fixable brackets, adapted to be placed between the external wall of the building and the fixing frame, the brac}cets being securely connected to the fixing frame and being slidably guided in a common plane positioned vertically to the external wall of the building; and at least one abutment to restrict the movement of the bracket with respect to the fixing frame.
;~ The support rail preferably iY fitted to the external wall ~5 of the building and serves as a means for the guidance of the telescopically-adjustable bracket. This support rail, which is disposed parallel to the external wall, as well as the fixing . ', . ^ - , -', : . , ', '' , ' :
. . . ~
:~ , 2~7l3S~3 . .
; frame, which is clisposed perpendicular to the external wall, include a "T"-shaped longitudinal groove. The foot of the telescopically-adjuskable bracket preferably is disposed within the longitudinal groove of the support rail and can slide as required until reaching the abutment. The free end of the brack~t is connected with a "T"-head bolt interlocking with the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove in the fixing frame. The bracket ; preferably comprises a support and an extension surrounding the support cross-section, the extension including a longitudinal slot having the width of the square shoulder of a screw and a through hole. The support therefore also includes a through ; hole.
A screw having a square shoulder preferably is usecl for the ` 15 adjustment of the supports with the extension so that the square shoulder serves as a groove block in the longitudinal slot.
; ~uts, e.g. stop nuts, are preferably used for fixing the exten-sion to the fixing frame and ~or the adjustment of the supports with the extension. The abutment may also be used for fixing the support rail to the external wall of the building.
An optimal expansion characteristic of the cladding con- -struction is achieved by the fixing device as described above in accordance with aspects of this invention. As a result of the ~ fixing device provided in accordance with aspects of this inven-;25 tion, manufacture is simplified by the fact that all parts can be provided cut to size and with all cutouts mass manufactured ; during factory prefabrication. Machining operations, e.g. holes .:
.~" '.
. ' .:
- , , . . . . .. , . , , . ~ :
7~3~8 and slots, can be punched out instead of using drilling and routing operations.
As a result of the use of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention, assembly is simplified by the fact that the parts not only are machine finished, but also arrive at the site preassembled. Apart from the fixing of the support rails to the external wall of the building, the other parts are joined by simple positioning and fixing by tightening of screws. As the screw connections have been conveniently preassembled and do not have to be separated again for instal-lation, small items, e.g. screws and nuts, used with aspects of the present invention are protected to a large extent from becoming lost on site.
An additional advantage of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention is that the wall fixing of the upport rail serves as an abutment for the bracket.
A further advantage of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention is in the avoidance of low temperature bridges along the support rail, since, because of their flat design, the fixing devices may be integrated with the insulation.
Another advantage of the fixing device in accordance with aspects of the present invention lies in the longitudinal adjustability of the bracket. As a result of this, acceptance of large building tolerances when installing the fixing device is possible.
. . : :
.
In addition, because the fact that the bracket can slide into the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove of the support rail, the fixing device of aspects of the present invention is particularly - 5 suitable for compensating for longitudinal expansion of the clad-ding elements caused by -the external temperature changes and by moisture changes.
In the accompanying drawings, - Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the fixing device of an ~10 aspect of this invention with a vertical fixing frame;
Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the fixing device as shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled cladding construction with a vertical fixing frame at a normal tempera-lS ture;
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-tion in accordance with Fig. 3 at an elevated temperature;
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-tion in accordance with Fig. 3 a lower temperature;
Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the fixing device with a horizontal fixing frame;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the fixing device with a horizontal fixing frame;
Fig. ~ is a cross-sectional view of the assembled cladding ~25 construction with a horizontal fixing frame at a normal tempera-- ture;
71~8 Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-tion in accordance with Fig. 8 at an elevated temperature; and Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the cladding construc-- 5 tion in accordance with ~ig. 8 at a lower temperature.
Figures 1 and 2 show two cladding elements 12 forming the face of a building. They are fixed by means (not shown) to the vertical fixing frame 6. The back face of the vertical fixing frame 6 is provided with a laterally open, "T"-shaped longi-tudinal groove 6' adapted to accept a "T"-head bolt 7 which serves as a means for fixing the extension piece 10, formed as a "T" groove profiled section, of the adjustable bracket 3. This adjustable bracket 3 includes the support 8 and the extension ; piece 10, the support 8 preferably bein~ formed as a "T"-profiled lS section. The arm of the support 8 projects into the "T"-groove of the extension piece 10. The flange of the support 8 provides a foot 8' of the adjustable bracket 3 which is disposed within the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 2' of the support rail 2. The support 8 is provided with a through hole 8" and likewise a through hole 10" is provided in extension piece 10. A "T"-head bolt 7 is fitted through hole 10" and the extension 10 is thus ~ecurely screwed to the fixing device 3. It is essential that the head of the "T"-head bolt 7 be only as wide as the opening of the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 6' of the vertical fixing frame 6 so that the "T"-head bolt 7 can be positioned at any point in longitudinal groove 6'. Consequently the "T"-head bolt ~' i~ .
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7, in the pre-assembled state, can be inserted through the through hole 10" and can carry the nut 7' and the "T"-head bolt can be suspended. In this suspended state, the nut 7' is S tightened as soon as the head of the "T"-head bolt 7 drops into the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 6', the friction of the thread rotating the "T"-head bolt 7 until the head strikes the side faces of the "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 6' even before the vertical fixing frame 6 and the extension piece 10 are pressed ~;
together. To tighten, or to loosen, the screw connection, between the "T"-head bolt 7 and nut 7', only the nut 7' needs to be turned. There is no need to hold the screw 7. The same applies to the connection between the support 8 and the extension frame lO. The screw 14 with a square ~houlder and the nut 14' are pre-assembled. The bracket 3 i~ adjusted by sliding the square shouldered screw 14 which is inserted into the -through hole 8" of the support 8 into the slot 10' of the extension piece : 10.
Figures 6 and 7 show how the cladding elements 12 with a _ _ , _ _ , , , . , .. . . . . ., . , . .. ........ ., . .. . .. .. , .. , . ,, ~, horizontal fixing frame 60, provided with an open "T"-shaped longitudinal groove 60' and a "T"-head bolt 7, serve the purpose of fixing the extension piece lO0 of the adjustable bracket 3 formed as a "T"-~haped groove profiled section to the horizontal fixing frame 60.
Installation of the cladding elements 12 commences with the positioning and screwing of the support rails 2, fitted with ;~ ' ' r, . . .
2~ 158 _ 9 _ - brackets 3, with the aid of dowel screws 16 to the external wall 1 of the building. The head of the dowel screw 16 serves as an abutment 20 for the bracket 3. In order that the bracket 3 securely sits against the abutment 20 during assembly in accordance with Figs. 1 and 2 and 6 and 7, the bracket 3 is temporarily held, for example in this position, by a rubber band : ~not shown~. Installation of the insulation l:L, the thickness of which depends on the type and form, is then carried out. A space several centimetres thick is left open between the insulation 11 and the cladding elements 12. According to this, and according to the tolerances of the building, the wall clearance and the distance from the start of the cladding 12 from the adjustable brackets 3 is set. The behaviour of the cladding construction during use is evident by the comparison of the arrangement at normal temperatures, ~Figs. 3 and 8), at elevated temperatures, (Figs. 4 and 9) and at lower temperatures ~Figs. 5 and 10).
; At elevated temperatures, tSee Figures 4 and 9) the fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12, 12' and 12" expand and push `~
the brackets 3', 3" and 3"' upwards. As a result, with the exception of the bottom-most bracket 3, the other brackets, namely, 3', 3", 3"' lift off the abutments 16', 16" and 16"' and the cladding construction rests with its entire weight solely upon the lowermost abutment 16. At lower temperatures (see Figs~
5 and 10), namely at temperature lower than the normal temperature when installing ~see Figs. 3 and )3), the vertical .''`~ , .''.' .
`:
Zt~7~35i8 fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12, 12' and 12" are - shorter. The weight of the cladding construction therefore is suspended solely on the abutment 16"l of the bracket 3"'. Of S course, the entire construction of any cladding comprise~ several parallel sections in accordance with Figs. 3 and 8. The prin-ciple of support ~See Figures 4 and 9) or of suspension (see Figures 5 and 10) embodied as shown, are also applicable with horizontal fixing frames. The construc-tion can be ~aried as required by the omission or use of abutments 16 and by the combination of the same with loose and with rigid brackets 3.
An important aspect of this invention is that due to the proposed fixing device for the application of the most varied cladding panels 12, consideration for linear expansion and lS ~hrinkage o~ the ~ame can be diYregarded.
One example of the design is provided with just one bracket 3~-x with one abut~ent 16~_x out of a chain of loose brackets 3~.
The upper part of the construction is then supported on this bracket 3n-x~ while the lower part of the construction is suspended from this. In contrast to the fixing load and the design of the vertical fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12, redistribution of the load on to the bracket 3~_x has no effect. Therefore, in addition to considering wind loading, the asymmetry of tension and the pressure fatigue strength of the materials of the fixing frame 6 and the cladding elements 12 is decisive for optimum design of the construction.
.' ,.
7~
For the purpose of reducing tooling costs for the parts of ; the device, the cross-sections of -the support rail 2 and the extension piece 10 can be identical.
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. : . ~ .. . . ., ; .
.. ~ ., ., : ' ,, . .
Claims (7)
1. Fixing device for cladding elements for the external wall of a building, said fixing device comprising: a fixing frame adapted to be disposed parallel to the external wall of said building; a plurality of telescopically-extendable fixable brackets, adapted to be placed between the external wall of said building and said fixing frame, said brackets being securely connected to said fixing frame and being slidably guided in a common plane positioned vertically to the external wall of said building, and at least one abutment to restrict said slidable movement of said brackets with respect to said fixing frame.
2. Fixing device for cladding elements according to claim 1, including a support rail fitted to the external wall of said building to serve as guidance of said telescopically-adjustable bracket, said support rail and said fixing frame each being provided with a "T"-shaped longitudinal groove.
3. Fixing device for cladding elements according to claim 2, wherein said telescopically-adjustable bracket includes a foot disposed within a longitudinal groove of said support rail and slidable therein as far as said abutment; and wherein the free end of said telescopically-adjustable bracket is connected to said fixing frame by means of a "T"-head bolt interlocking with a groove of said fixing frame.
4. Fixing device for cladding elements according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said bracket comprises a support and an extension surrounding the cross section of said support, said extension including a longitudinal slot and a through hole, and said support also including a through hole.
5. Fixing device for cladding elements according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said bracket comprises a support and an extension surrounding the cross section of said support, said extension including a longitudinal slot and a through hole, and said support also including a through hole; and further wherein a screw having a square shoulder which is slidable within said cylindrical slot is used for the adjustment of said supports with respect to said extension so that said square shoulder serves as a groove block within said longitudinal slot.
6. Fixing device for cladding elements according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein said bracket comprises a support and an extension surrounding the cross section of said support, said extension including a longitudinal slot and a through hole, and said support also including a through hole; further wherein a screw having a square shoulder which is slidable within said cylindrical slot is used for the adjustment of said supports with respect to said extension so that the square shoulder serves as a groove block within said longitudinal slot; and still further wherein stop nuts are used for fixing said extension to said fixing frame and for the adjustment of said supports with respect to said extension.
7. Fixing device for cladding elements according to claims 1, 2, or 3, wherein said abutment is also used for fixing said support rail to the external wall of said building.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89100931A EP0378726A1 (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Device for fastening façade elements |
| EP89100931.8 | 1989-01-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2007858A1 true CA2007858A1 (en) | 1990-07-20 |
Family
ID=8200878
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002007858A Abandoned CA2007858A1 (en) | 1989-01-20 | 1990-01-16 | Fixing device for cladding elements |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0378726A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE113335T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4848390A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2007858A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE58908570D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2067734T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990008240A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9317004U1 (en) * | 1993-11-06 | 1994-01-13 | Müller, Thomas, 72250 Freudenstadt | Fastening element for cladding elements |
| AUPO215996A0 (en) | 1996-09-05 | 1996-10-03 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | An improved cladding board mounting system |
| AU2007236561B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2012-12-20 | James Hardie Technology Limited | A surface sealed reinforced building element |
| CH705040A2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-30 | Agro Ag | Equipment rack with a holding connection between a support element and a holder. |
| CH705034A2 (en) | 2011-05-20 | 2012-11-30 | Agro Ag | Equipment rack with cable entry. |
| CH705798B1 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2016-09-30 | Agro Ag | Device carrier block with device carrier and insulation. |
| EP3222794B1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-02-27 | STO SE & Co. KGaA | Holding device for applying plate-shaped wall or ceilings cladding elements to a substructure at a construction site and method for producing said holding device |
| RU170635U1 (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-05-03 | Владимир Иванович Демиденко | Thermal insulation bracket for attaching profiles of curtain walls |
| CN116876846B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2024-02-09 | 中铁建工集团有限公司 | Convenient to use's assembled building wall connecting device |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2067252A (en) * | 1935-07-31 | 1937-01-12 | Copper Houses Inc | Sheet material building construction |
| DE1811451A1 (en) * | 1968-11-28 | 1970-06-18 | Altrogge Geb Kordes Franziska | Wall anchors, especially for prefabricated panels on facades and walls |
| US3561182A (en) * | 1969-03-11 | 1971-02-09 | Joseph Madl | Panel support system for building structures |
| FR2221608B3 (en) * | 1973-03-15 | 1978-03-03 | Angers Grpt Interet Eco Ardois | |
| DE2410074A1 (en) * | 1974-03-02 | 1975-09-18 | Baupatent Gmbh | Building's external wall-facing rear-ventilated panel fixture - with building height rails holding hooked profiles with panels suspended at interval |
| DE2543174C2 (en) * | 1975-09-27 | 1982-06-09 | Walter 2072 Jersbek Haase | Bracket for a building cladding that can be ventilated from the rear |
| DE2610998C3 (en) * | 1976-03-16 | 1978-11-23 | Fulguritwerke Seelze Und Eichriede In Luthe Bei Hannover Adolf Oesterheld, 3050 Wunstorf | Bracket for fastening cladding panels in front of a building wall |
| DE2738748A1 (en) * | 1977-08-27 | 1979-03-01 | Seelze & Eichriede Fulgurit | Asbestos cement facing plate mounting - has adjustable profile structure with overhanging arms connected by transverse member outside base profile |
-
1989
- 1989-01-20 EP EP89100931A patent/EP0378726A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-12-30 AU AU48483/90A patent/AU4848390A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-12-30 ES ES90901778T patent/ES2067734T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-30 WO PCT/EP1989/001620 patent/WO1990008240A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1989-12-30 EP EP90901778A patent/EP0425592B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-30 AT AT90901778T patent/ATE113335T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-30 DE DE58908570T patent/DE58908570D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-01-16 CA CA002007858A patent/CA2007858A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2067734T3 (en) | 1995-04-01 |
| EP0425592A1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
| AU4848390A (en) | 1990-08-13 |
| EP0378726A1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
| DE58908570D1 (en) | 1994-12-01 |
| ATE113335T1 (en) | 1994-11-15 |
| EP0425592B1 (en) | 1994-10-26 |
| WO1990008240A1 (en) | 1990-07-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |