CA1302886C - Pharmaceutical composition containing a benzodiazepin derivative - Google Patents

Pharmaceutical composition containing a benzodiazepin derivative

Info

Publication number
CA1302886C
CA1302886C CA000547518A CA547518A CA1302886C CA 1302886 C CA1302886 C CA 1302886C CA 000547518 A CA000547518 A CA 000547518A CA 547518 A CA547518 A CA 547518A CA 1302886 C CA1302886 C CA 1302886C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
temazepam
insomnia
capsule
less
surface area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA000547518A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
William R. Sterling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis AG
Original Assignee
Sandoz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandoz AG filed Critical Sandoz AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1302886C publication Critical patent/CA1302886C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D243/00Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D243/06Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4
    • C07D243/10Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D243/141,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines
    • C07D243/161,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals
    • C07D243/181,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals substituted in position 2 by nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D243/24Oxygen atoms

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Abstract A low dosage of temazepam for use in the treatment of chronic and transient insomnia.

Description

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Pharmaceutical Composition Containing a Benzodiazepin Derivative This invention relates to new pharmaceutical forms of temazepam and their use as hypnotic agents.

More particularly, it relates to low dose temazepam capsules and their use in the treatment of insomnia, especially, transient insomnia.

Temazepam, whose chemical name is 7-chloro-1, 3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-l-methyl-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one, is a well known hypnotic agent used in the treatment of insomnia. The commercial product is sold both in the form of hard gelatin capusles containing 15 and 30 milligrams of temazepam and soft gelatin capsules containing 10 and 20 milligrams of temazepam. The hard gelatin capsule has been studied in great depth and has been found to be generally effective at doses of 15 and 30 milli-grams of temazepam. At doses of 10 and 20 milligrams, the soft gelatin capsules have also been found to be effective, although Nicholson, et al. (Br. J. Clin. Pharmac., 3,543-550, 1976) have reported that at 10 milligrams, no change in total sleep time was found, whereas at 20 milli-grams, total sleep time was markedly increased. Lower dose forms of temazepam containing 5 milligrams of the compound have been used in a number of investigations (LaReforma Medica, 16,425 427, 1970; Bombay Hosp. J., 16,222-223, 1974, Neuropsychobiology 9(1), 52-65, 1983) but have never been found to be useful in treating insomnia. In the Neuro-psychobiology publication, the authors indicate that at 5 milligrams, temazepam is known to be of no clinical importance as a hypnotic agent.

13~ 6 600-7046 Although the side effects of temazepam are minimal, the lowest effective dose of the product would be desirable. It would be especially useful in treating transient insomnia, which occurs in healthy individuals whose sleep pattern has been temporarily disrupted, for example by airplane travel or by changing work shifts. It has now been found that a hard gelatin capsule comprising up to 10 milligrams of temazepam, in which the temazepam particles have a specific surface area of from 0.65 to 1.1 square meters per gram (m2/g) and 95% of the particles have a particle size diameter of less than 65 microns (u), is effective in the treatment of insomnia, especially in improving sleep latency. Such a formulation is also useful for the treatment of chronic insomnia. Preferably the capsule contains the temazepam in amounts of from 5 to 10 milligrams, more preferably 6 to 8 milligrams, especially 7.5 milligrams, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The capsule is normally administered just before bedtime.

It has also been found that a soft gelatin capsule comprising 5 to 9 mg of temazepam, and especially 5mg, in combination with a pharma-ceutically acceptable carrier, is useful in the treatment of transient insomnia.

Crystalline temazepam can be synthesized with a purity of not less than 98~ using known procedures such as that disclosed in U.S.P.
3,296,245. The bulk temazepam is milled to obtain the required particle size and surface area with an Alpine 160 UPZ mill using a stainless steel pin. The particle size is determined using a Malverne Particle 13~8~6 Sizer, Model 3600 E equipped with a 14.3 mm flow cell and a 100 mm lens.
Surface area measurements are made essentially in accordance with the standard B.E.T. procedure of Brunauer, Emmet and Teller (J. Am. Chem.
Soc. _ , 2682, 1937 and J. Am. Chem. Soc., 60, 309, 1938). The temazepam is formulated with standard hard gelatin capsule excipients and encapsulated in conventional hard gelatin capsules using known procedures.

Similarly for the formation of the soft gelatin capsules, temazepam is mixed with standard soft gelatin capsule excipients, and encapsulated using known procedures, in conventional soft gelatin capsules.

The use of low dose temazepam capsules in the treatment of transient insomnia is evaluated in a double blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled sleep laboratory study using 201 healthy subjects. Just before bedtime each subject is given a capsule containing placebo, or the appropriate amount of temazepam. Testing is carried out over a period of one night in the sleep laboratory. The key parameters of sleep latency and total sleep time are among those measured by EEG analysis (polysomnography).
In the case of the hard gelatin capsule dosages of 7.5, 15 or 30 mg of temazepam per capsule are employed. The number of subjects in the four treatment groups is placebo - 50; 7.5 milligrams - 51; 15 milligrams - 49; and 30 milligrams - 51. The mean values for sleep latency and total sleeptime obtained with the hard gelatin capsule in each treatment group were as follows:

~3~288~

Group Sleep Latency (m-i-n.) Total Sleep Time (min.) Placebo 37 411 7.5 m.g. 26 422 15 m.g. 22 429 30 m.g. 18 441 As can be seen from the above data 7.5 milligrams of temazepam was effect-ive in reducing both sleep latency and increasing total sleep time in the study. The most unexpected result is that the effect occurred as the dosage dropped below the 15 milligram dosage level. The usual effect-no effect results, which would have been expected between 7.5 and 15 milligrams of temazepam based on previous hard gelatin capsule studies did not occur.

Similar results are obtained employing a soft gelatin capsule containing 5 mg of temazepam.

13~2~3~6 Example 1 White crystalline temazepam having a purity of not less than 98%
is prepared according to the procedure described in USP 3,296,245. The bulk temazepam obtained is fed into an Alpine 160 UPZ mill with a stain-less steel pin at a rate of about 40 kilograms (kg) per hour using a mill speed of about 11,000 RPM to obtain temazepam particles having a specific surface area of 0.65 to 1.1 m2/g area and 95% of the particles having a particle size diameter of less than 65 u. The surface area measurement is made with the Quantector Gas Flow System and Quantasorb Surface Area Analyser at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (-196C) using krypton as the absorbant and helium as the carrier gas. The particle size diameter is determined with the Malverne Particle Sizer at an obscur-ation value of 0.2 to 0.25 using a 0.1% Twee@ 80 solution in water satur-ated with temazepam in which 1 to 2 grams of temazepam sample to be tested has been dispersed. After the feed rate and mill speed of the Alpine mill have been set, they are monitored at regular intervals to maintain the required particle size and surface area.

Example 2 To prepare hard gelatin capsules containing 7.5 milligrams of the temazepam of example 1, 12 kg of temazepam and 12 kg of lactose are passed through an 18 mesh screen. This mixture is added to 372 kg of lactose, which has also been passed through an 18 mesh screen, and and 4 kg of magnesium stearate in a 30 cu. ft. PK Mixer without an intensi-ty bar. The capsule ingredients mixed for 30 minutes using tumbling ~3~sZ~6 action only. The capsule mix is encapsulated in number 3 Lock hard gelatin capsules with opaque blue caps and opaque pink bodies, and the capsules are then passed through a capsule polisher. Each capsule contains 250 milligrams of capsule mix of which 7.5 milligrams are temazepam.

Example 3 For the preparation of the soft gelatin capsules, containing 5 mg of temazepam, 8 kg of the temazepam is dissolved in 356.8 kg of poly-ethylene glycol 400. When dissolved the solution is encapuslated by standard techniques in number 4 oval soft gelatin capsule shells which are opaque and maroon in colour. Each capsule contains 228 mg of capsule mix of which 5 mg are temazepam.

Claims (11)

1. The use of temazepam for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of insomnia characterised in that a) the temazepam has a surface area of from 0.65 to 1.1 m2/g and 95%
thereof has a particle diameter of less than 65 microns and is present in a quantity of up to 10 mg per dosage unit b) alternatively in the case of transient insomnia is in the form of a soft gelatin capsule containing less than 10 mg of temazepam.
2. The use of temazepam in insomnia characterised in that the temazepam a) has a surface area of from 0.65 to 1.1 m2/g and 95% thereof has a particle diameter of less than 65 microns and is present in a quantity of up to 10 mg per dosage unit or b) alternatively in the case of transient insomnia is in the form of a soft gelatin capsule containing less than 10 mg of temazepam.
3. The use according to claim 2 wherein the temazepam a) has a surface area of from 0.65 to 1.1 m2/g and 95% thereof has a particle diameter of less than 65 microns and is present in a quantity of 5 to 10 mg or b) alternatively in the case of transient insomnia, is in the form of a soft gelatin capsule containing 5 to 9 mg of temazepam.
4. The use according to claim 3 wherein each dosage unit contains 6 to 8 mg of temazepam.
5. The use according to claim 3 wherein each dosage unit contains 7.5 mg of temazepam.
6. The use according to claim 3 wherein each dosage unit contains 5 mg of temazapem.
7. The use according to claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6 for treating transient insomnia.
8. A hard gelatin capsule containing up to 10 mg of temazepam in which the temazepam has a surface area of from 0.65 to 1.1 m2/g and 95% thereof has a particle diameter of less than 65 microns and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.
9. A capsule according to claim 8 containing 5 to 10 mg of temazepam.
10. A capsule according to claim 8 containing 6 to 8 mg of temazepam.
11. A capsule according to claim 8 containing 7.5 mg of temazepam.
CA000547518A 1986-09-23 1987-09-22 Pharmaceutical composition containing a benzodiazepin derivative Expired - Lifetime CA1302886C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US910,571 1978-05-30
US91057186A 1986-09-23 1986-09-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1302886C true CA1302886C (en) 1992-06-09

Family

ID=25429005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000547518A Expired - Lifetime CA1302886C (en) 1986-09-23 1987-09-22 Pharmaceutical composition containing a benzodiazepin derivative

Country Status (8)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63101325A (en)
BE (1) BE1000318A4 (en)
CA (1) CA1302886C (en)
CH (1) CH673947A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3731840A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2604091B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2195242A (en)
IT (1) IT1221509B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19603402A1 (en) * 1995-02-24 1996-08-29 Basf Ag Soft gelatin capsules

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL60806A0 (en) * 1979-09-14 1980-10-26 Sparamedica Ag Pharmaceutical compositions containing a benzodiazepine derivatives and a neuroleptic
DE3033919A1 (en) * 1980-09-09 1982-04-22 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen SOLID PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS CONTAINING NIFEDIPINE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
GB8305693D0 (en) * 1983-03-02 1983-04-07 Scherer Ltd R P Pharmaceutical compositions
DE3307353C2 (en) * 1983-03-02 1985-01-31 R.P. Scherer GmbH, 6930 Eberbach Soft gelatin capsule containing polyethylene glycol and process for their production
WO1987000428A1 (en) * 1985-07-24 1987-01-29 Pyare Seth Oxazepam containing pharmaceutical composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8748408A0 (en) 1987-09-22
GB2195242A (en) 1988-04-07
GB8722205D0 (en) 1987-10-28
FR2604091A1 (en) 1988-03-25
BE1000318A4 (en) 1988-10-18
DE3731840A1 (en) 1988-03-31
FR2604091B1 (en) 1989-05-05
JPS63101325A (en) 1988-05-06
CH673947A5 (en) 1990-04-30
IT1221509B (en) 1990-07-06

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