CA1290345C - Method and apparatus for extracting fats and oils - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for extracting fats and oilsInfo
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- CA1290345C CA1290345C CA000532670A CA532670A CA1290345C CA 1290345 C CA1290345 C CA 1290345C CA 000532670 A CA000532670 A CA 000532670A CA 532670 A CA532670 A CA 532670A CA 1290345 C CA1290345 C CA 1290345C
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- miscella
- spray means
- spray
- hopper
- slits
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Edible fats and oils are extracted from oil-bearing materials by loading the raw materials onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein. The materials are conveyed from the inlet end to the outlet end of the conveying surface by scrapers moved by endless chains. Oil extracting solvent is sprayed onto the material on the conveying surface, to produce miscella, which flows through the slits in the surface and into hoppers beneath the surface. The miscella is circulated back to additional sprayers located upstream of the solvent sprayers for spraying the miscella onto the upstream end of the conveying surface. The resulting concentrated miscella is collected in hoppers beneath the surface and delivered to a further use.
Edible fats and oils are extracted from oil-bearing materials by loading the raw materials onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein. The materials are conveyed from the inlet end to the outlet end of the conveying surface by scrapers moved by endless chains. Oil extracting solvent is sprayed onto the material on the conveying surface, to produce miscella, which flows through the slits in the surface and into hoppers beneath the surface. The miscella is circulated back to additional sprayers located upstream of the solvent sprayers for spraying the miscella onto the upstream end of the conveying surface. The resulting concentrated miscella is collected in hoppers beneath the surface and delivered to a further use.
Description
~2903~5 The present invention relates to a method and an appa rat;us for extracting fats and oils from animal or ve~etable oil-bearing materials including soybean, rapeseed, sunflower and corn.
The present inventlon will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure l is a side view of an apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 is an illustration showing a se~ctional view of the apparatus of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of an overflowing plate used in the apparatus of Figure l; ' Figure 4 is a sectional view of wedge wires of a flat conveying surface in the apparatus of Figure l, and Figure 5A and 5B are illustrations of the conventional apparatus.
Several types of edible oil extractors are known such as the De Smet and the Lurgi extractors which are shown in Fig-ures 5A and 5B, respectively.
In the De Smet extractor shown in Figure 5A the raw materials for extraction are loaded on and conveyed by a rotary metal-mesh conveyor 108, and solvent or miscella (i.e., a mixture of solvent and extracted oil) is sprayed over the raw materials in a manner to provide countercurrent flow extraction. The mis-cella receiving hoppers 115, into which the miscella flows down from the mesh conveyor, are located between the carrying and the returning stages of the rotary metal-mesh conveyor, and this inevitably increases the size of the extractor.
-- 1 -- ~
~290345 Further, the hoppers and the adjacent parts or elements are easily sub;ect to corrosion, since they are positioned within the casing 101 of the extractor. Additionally, the metal-mesh of the conveyor is often stopped up or clogged by fine particles of the raw materials, and accordingly the returning stage of the conveyor must always be sufficiently washed by solvent during the operation. It is also necessary to clean the mesh conveyor at least once a year in a troublesome way.
The Lurgi extractor, which is shown in Figure 5B, is rather complicated in structure and has an endless framed belt 208 which is supported by a two-stage endless sieve belt. The extraction is carried out in both the going and returning stages.
In the case, the extractor is apt to be of a large size, since the height of the casing 201 should be larger than the total height of the upper and lower frames. The frames should have sufficient height to convey the necessary amount of raw materials held therein, and this is another reason the apparatus must be large-sized.
The present invention provides a method of extracting fats and oils which allows the extraction along a fixed surface.
The invention also provides a compact and simple extractor for carrying out the new method of the invention.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of extracting edible fats and oils from a material, com-prising the steps of: loading the raw material onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein; using scrapers attached to endless chain belts to convey the raw material in the direction of elongation of said slits from said inlet end to an outlet end of said conveying surface;
and extracting oil from the raw material by the repeated steps of: a) spraying a distributed oil extracting ~edium from a first spray means; b) flowing said medium from said first spray means ~29034t5 onto said material on said flat surface, whereby oil is extracted to produce miscella; c) collecting in at least one first hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella which has flowed through said slits; and d) spraying said collected miscella from second spray means placed nearer to said inlet end than are said first spray means.
Thus in accordance with the present invention a method of extracting edible fats and oils from a material comprises the steps of loading the raw material onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slots therein, using scrapers attached to endless chain belts to convey the raw mate-rial in the direction of elongation of the slits, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the conveying surface, and extractin~
oil from the raw material. The oil extracting step consists of the steps of spraying an oil extracting medium from a first spray means onto a plurality of inclined overflowing plates, to dis-tribute the medium, flowing the medium from the overflowing plates onto the material on the flat surface, whereby oil is éxtracted to produce miscella, collecting in at least one first hopper placed beneath the flat surface, the mlscella which has flowed through the slits, and spraying the collected miscella from second spray means placed nearer to the inlet end than are the first spray means. Suitably, the method includes the steps of: collecting in at least one second hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella sprayed from said second spray means;
and delivering the miscella from said at least one second hopper to a further use.
The present invention provides an apparatus for extracting edible fats and oils from a material, comprising: a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein;
means for feeding the material onto an inlet end of said surface;
means for discharging the material from an outlet end of said surface; means for advancing the material from said inlet end to said outlet end; spray means positioned over sald surface, ~29Q34t5 whereby spray from said spray means extracts oil from the mate rial on said surface to produce miscella; at least one first hop-pe:r positioned beneath said surface for collecting miscella which hals flowed through said slits; and means for feeding the miscella from said at least one first hopper to said spray means.
Thus the apparatus of the present invention includes a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein, means for feeding the ~ - 3a -~2903~5 , material onto an inlet end of the surface, means for discharging the material from an outlet end of the surface, means for advancing the material from the inlet to the outlet end, spray means positioned over the surface, whereby spray from the spray means extracts oil from the material~on the surface to produce miscella, at least one first hopper positioned beneath the surface for collecting the mis~ell~ which has flowed through the slits, and means for feeding the miscella from the first hoppers to the spray means.
The oil-bearing raw material i~ loaded continuously on the inlet end of the plate through the inlet section of the apparatus and ls conveyed thereon to the outlet end by~the scrapers which are attached to the endless chains. Fresh solvent is sprayed over the raw material near the outlet end, after which the oil has been substantially extracted from the raw material by the solvent spray means. Solvent is permitted to flow out from the pipes and onto the inclined plates having a small overflowing leaf thereon, by which the flow of solvent is spread, and is sprayed continuously onto the raw material. The residual oil in the material is extracted and the miscella flows down into one o~ the first miscella receiving hoppers through the slits of the plate. The miscella also washes the returning stage Oe the endless chains while falling , ~29034t5 down into the first hoppers. The oil-extracted raw material is discharged through the outlet section of the apparatus and the miscella is then pumped up and fed to the miscella spray means placed upstream of the solvent spray means in order to spray the miscella onto the raw material at a zone upstream of the outlet end. This operation is carried out repeatedly, and thus the oil extraction is conducted countercurrently. The miscella obtained near the inlet end, which is the most concentrated, is then dis-charged from the apparatus for a following treatment such as dis-tillation, oil refining, etc.
In one embodiment of the present invention said spray means includes first solvent spray means and second miscella spray means, said second miscella spray means being positioned closer to said inlet end than are said first solvent spray means, and wherein said means for feeding the miscella to said spray means comprises means for feeding, the miscella only to said second spray means. Suitably, said spray means comprise: a plurality of fluid spray pipes arranged along said conveying s~rface; an inclined overflowing plate positioned beneath each of said fluid spray pipes; and a saw-toothed overflow leaf attached to each of said overflowing plates. Desirably, the apparatus includes at least one second hopper positioned beneath said surface and beneath said second miscella spray means for collecting miscella which has flowed through said slits, and means for delivering the miscella from said second hopper to a further use. Suitably, as distance between a lower end of each said overflowing plate and said surface is between 3 and 10 times the height of said scrapers. Desirably, said flat surface comprises a parallel array of wedge-shaped wires haviny downwardly facing apexes, ~290~5 . .
FIGURE 1 is a side view of an apparatus according to the invention, FIGURE 2 is an illustration showing a sectional view of the apparatus o~ Figure 1, FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of an overflowlng plate used in the apparatu.s of Figure 1, - 5a -129034~5 FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of wedge wires of a flat conveying surface in the apparatus of Figure 1, and FIGUR~S 5A and 5B are illustrations of the conventional apparatus.
'A preerred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In Figures 1 through 4, endless conve~or chain belts 4 are engaged with a head puliey 2 and a tail pulléy 3 in an elongated box-shapéd housing 1.
Scrapérs 5 having a predetérmined height "b" are attached to the chain belts 4 at predetermined intervals. A flat surface 8 which consists of wedge-shaped wires 6 and slits 7, the cross section of which is shown in Figure 4, is placed between pulleys 2 and 3 so that the lower surface of the scrapers 5 at the carrying side of the chain belt 4a almost contacts the flat surface 8. The wedge wires are fixed between pulleys ~ and 3, and are positioned so that the slits 7 run in the longitudinal direction of the flat surface 8. The scrapers 5 slide along the flat surface 8 due to the movement of the chain belts 4. Solvent (first) or miscella (second) supplying pipes 9 are placed in ~290345 the upper portion of the housing 1, and inclined overflowing plates 10 are placed thereunder at predetermined intervals. The miscella pipes are t positioned closer to the inlet end than are the solvent pipes. The plates 10 receive the flowing solvent or miscella from the pipes 9 and sPread them via overflow leaves 11 ,attached thereon. The overflow leaves have ,,, saw-tooth edges lla. The plates 10 also have some scraping nails 12 at the end of their reverse side. A
distance "a" between the lower end of the plates 10 and . . .
the flat sur~ace 8 is substantially the same as the thickness of the raw material, and is usually 3 to 10 times the height of the scraper~ 5. In the illustrated embodiment, "a" i5 shown as 3 times'the height of the scraEers 5. The thickness of the r'aw materials can be changed by a controller 13~ i.e., a pivotable plate placed near the entrance la. The length of the plates 10 is adjustable by fixing means such as screws 14, according to the thickness of the raw material.
Hoppers 15 are placed under the returnln~ slde of the chain belt 4b. The outlets 15a of some of the hoppers 15 are connected to the miscella pipes 9 through conduits 16 and pumplng devices which are not shown in Fi~ures. Miscella in the hoppers 15 beneath"the, solvent p'ipes (first hoppers) is always p'umped up to the pipes 9, which are placed nearest to the inlet zone.
~290~4tS
.
Thus, the fresh raw material is always subject to extraction by the miscella, whereas the raw material from which oil has almost been extracted is treate'd by the fresh solvent. The second hoppers, located beneath the miscella pipes, are connected to a further ~se.
By use of the apparatus il~us~rated in Figures 1 and 2, the raw material A is continuously supplied into the extractor through the opening la and loaded'on the flat surface 8. The chain belts 4 are drive'n by''the rotation o~ the pulleys 2 and 3, and the scrapers 5 convey the raw material along the flat surface 8 in the diregtion shown by the arrows in Figure 1. The height "a" of the raw material ls preliminarily adjusted by the controllér 13. While the raw materlal ls conveyed along the flat surface 8, oil extraction is countercurrently carried out. Fresh solvent such as hexa~e is fed through the leftmost pipes 9 onto the plate 10 and is sprayed over the raw material A near the outlet end, i.e., at the left end of Figure 1. The miscella B collected in the leftmost hoppers 15 is then fed by a pump to the pipe located nearer to the inlet end, and this operation is carried out repeatedly. The miscella B washes the returning side of the chain belt 4b as it flows down through the sllts 7 of the flat surface 8. The chain belt 4b is also washed by fresh solvent from a nozzle 17.
` ~29~34~5 ~ ` `
g According to the present invention, the raw material is only conveyed on the flat top surface and need not go to the returning side. The returning side only needs a space for the height of the scrapers.
Besides, the hoppers need not be placed between the carrying and the returning stages. Thus, the construction of the extractor of the present lnvention can be smaller and more compact.
The solvent or miscella spraying means is also one of the characteristics of the present invent~on. The inclined overflowing plate works very effectively to un$formly spread thé solvent/miscella to the raw material, and thus, the oll extraction can be carried out efficiently.
Thé apparatus of this invention will be protected from corrosion since the chain belts and scrapers are always washed by the miscella or the fresh solvent.
The flat surface is composed of the wedge wires and this makes easier the sliding movement of the scrapers. Also, the surface is always cleaned by the movement of the raw material itself. Fine particles originated from the raw materials are easily removed from the flat surface in the slits and do not cause the stopping up or the clogging of the mesh. The scrapers can convey raw materials ten times their height. This is one of tl-e reasons why the apparatus can be made compact.
.
The present inventlon will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure l is a side view of an apparatus according to the invention;
Figure 2 is an illustration showing a se~ctional view of the apparatus of Figure l;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of an overflowing plate used in the apparatus of Figure l; ' Figure 4 is a sectional view of wedge wires of a flat conveying surface in the apparatus of Figure l, and Figure 5A and 5B are illustrations of the conventional apparatus.
Several types of edible oil extractors are known such as the De Smet and the Lurgi extractors which are shown in Fig-ures 5A and 5B, respectively.
In the De Smet extractor shown in Figure 5A the raw materials for extraction are loaded on and conveyed by a rotary metal-mesh conveyor 108, and solvent or miscella (i.e., a mixture of solvent and extracted oil) is sprayed over the raw materials in a manner to provide countercurrent flow extraction. The mis-cella receiving hoppers 115, into which the miscella flows down from the mesh conveyor, are located between the carrying and the returning stages of the rotary metal-mesh conveyor, and this inevitably increases the size of the extractor.
-- 1 -- ~
~290345 Further, the hoppers and the adjacent parts or elements are easily sub;ect to corrosion, since they are positioned within the casing 101 of the extractor. Additionally, the metal-mesh of the conveyor is often stopped up or clogged by fine particles of the raw materials, and accordingly the returning stage of the conveyor must always be sufficiently washed by solvent during the operation. It is also necessary to clean the mesh conveyor at least once a year in a troublesome way.
The Lurgi extractor, which is shown in Figure 5B, is rather complicated in structure and has an endless framed belt 208 which is supported by a two-stage endless sieve belt. The extraction is carried out in both the going and returning stages.
In the case, the extractor is apt to be of a large size, since the height of the casing 201 should be larger than the total height of the upper and lower frames. The frames should have sufficient height to convey the necessary amount of raw materials held therein, and this is another reason the apparatus must be large-sized.
The present invention provides a method of extracting fats and oils which allows the extraction along a fixed surface.
The invention also provides a compact and simple extractor for carrying out the new method of the invention.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of extracting edible fats and oils from a material, com-prising the steps of: loading the raw material onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein; using scrapers attached to endless chain belts to convey the raw material in the direction of elongation of said slits from said inlet end to an outlet end of said conveying surface;
and extracting oil from the raw material by the repeated steps of: a) spraying a distributed oil extracting ~edium from a first spray means; b) flowing said medium from said first spray means ~29034t5 onto said material on said flat surface, whereby oil is extracted to produce miscella; c) collecting in at least one first hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella which has flowed through said slits; and d) spraying said collected miscella from second spray means placed nearer to said inlet end than are said first spray means.
Thus in accordance with the present invention a method of extracting edible fats and oils from a material comprises the steps of loading the raw material onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slots therein, using scrapers attached to endless chain belts to convey the raw mate-rial in the direction of elongation of the slits, from the inlet end to the outlet end of the conveying surface, and extractin~
oil from the raw material. The oil extracting step consists of the steps of spraying an oil extracting medium from a first spray means onto a plurality of inclined overflowing plates, to dis-tribute the medium, flowing the medium from the overflowing plates onto the material on the flat surface, whereby oil is éxtracted to produce miscella, collecting in at least one first hopper placed beneath the flat surface, the mlscella which has flowed through the slits, and spraying the collected miscella from second spray means placed nearer to the inlet end than are the first spray means. Suitably, the method includes the steps of: collecting in at least one second hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella sprayed from said second spray means;
and delivering the miscella from said at least one second hopper to a further use.
The present invention provides an apparatus for extracting edible fats and oils from a material, comprising: a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein;
means for feeding the material onto an inlet end of said surface;
means for discharging the material from an outlet end of said surface; means for advancing the material from said inlet end to said outlet end; spray means positioned over sald surface, ~29Q34t5 whereby spray from said spray means extracts oil from the mate rial on said surface to produce miscella; at least one first hop-pe:r positioned beneath said surface for collecting miscella which hals flowed through said slits; and means for feeding the miscella from said at least one first hopper to said spray means.
Thus the apparatus of the present invention includes a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein, means for feeding the ~ - 3a -~2903~5 , material onto an inlet end of the surface, means for discharging the material from an outlet end of the surface, means for advancing the material from the inlet to the outlet end, spray means positioned over the surface, whereby spray from the spray means extracts oil from the material~on the surface to produce miscella, at least one first hopper positioned beneath the surface for collecting the mis~ell~ which has flowed through the slits, and means for feeding the miscella from the first hoppers to the spray means.
The oil-bearing raw material i~ loaded continuously on the inlet end of the plate through the inlet section of the apparatus and ls conveyed thereon to the outlet end by~the scrapers which are attached to the endless chains. Fresh solvent is sprayed over the raw material near the outlet end, after which the oil has been substantially extracted from the raw material by the solvent spray means. Solvent is permitted to flow out from the pipes and onto the inclined plates having a small overflowing leaf thereon, by which the flow of solvent is spread, and is sprayed continuously onto the raw material. The residual oil in the material is extracted and the miscella flows down into one o~ the first miscella receiving hoppers through the slits of the plate. The miscella also washes the returning stage Oe the endless chains while falling , ~29034t5 down into the first hoppers. The oil-extracted raw material is discharged through the outlet section of the apparatus and the miscella is then pumped up and fed to the miscella spray means placed upstream of the solvent spray means in order to spray the miscella onto the raw material at a zone upstream of the outlet end. This operation is carried out repeatedly, and thus the oil extraction is conducted countercurrently. The miscella obtained near the inlet end, which is the most concentrated, is then dis-charged from the apparatus for a following treatment such as dis-tillation, oil refining, etc.
In one embodiment of the present invention said spray means includes first solvent spray means and second miscella spray means, said second miscella spray means being positioned closer to said inlet end than are said first solvent spray means, and wherein said means for feeding the miscella to said spray means comprises means for feeding, the miscella only to said second spray means. Suitably, said spray means comprise: a plurality of fluid spray pipes arranged along said conveying s~rface; an inclined overflowing plate positioned beneath each of said fluid spray pipes; and a saw-toothed overflow leaf attached to each of said overflowing plates. Desirably, the apparatus includes at least one second hopper positioned beneath said surface and beneath said second miscella spray means for collecting miscella which has flowed through said slits, and means for delivering the miscella from said second hopper to a further use. Suitably, as distance between a lower end of each said overflowing plate and said surface is between 3 and 10 times the height of said scrapers. Desirably, said flat surface comprises a parallel array of wedge-shaped wires haviny downwardly facing apexes, ~290~5 . .
FIGURE 1 is a side view of an apparatus according to the invention, FIGURE 2 is an illustration showing a sectional view of the apparatus o~ Figure 1, FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of an overflowlng plate used in the apparatu.s of Figure 1, - 5a -129034~5 FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of wedge wires of a flat conveying surface in the apparatus of Figure 1, and FIGUR~S 5A and 5B are illustrations of the conventional apparatus.
'A preerred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In Figures 1 through 4, endless conve~or chain belts 4 are engaged with a head puliey 2 and a tail pulléy 3 in an elongated box-shapéd housing 1.
Scrapérs 5 having a predetérmined height "b" are attached to the chain belts 4 at predetermined intervals. A flat surface 8 which consists of wedge-shaped wires 6 and slits 7, the cross section of which is shown in Figure 4, is placed between pulleys 2 and 3 so that the lower surface of the scrapers 5 at the carrying side of the chain belt 4a almost contacts the flat surface 8. The wedge wires are fixed between pulleys ~ and 3, and are positioned so that the slits 7 run in the longitudinal direction of the flat surface 8. The scrapers 5 slide along the flat surface 8 due to the movement of the chain belts 4. Solvent (first) or miscella (second) supplying pipes 9 are placed in ~290345 the upper portion of the housing 1, and inclined overflowing plates 10 are placed thereunder at predetermined intervals. The miscella pipes are t positioned closer to the inlet end than are the solvent pipes. The plates 10 receive the flowing solvent or miscella from the pipes 9 and sPread them via overflow leaves 11 ,attached thereon. The overflow leaves have ,,, saw-tooth edges lla. The plates 10 also have some scraping nails 12 at the end of their reverse side. A
distance "a" between the lower end of the plates 10 and . . .
the flat sur~ace 8 is substantially the same as the thickness of the raw material, and is usually 3 to 10 times the height of the scraper~ 5. In the illustrated embodiment, "a" i5 shown as 3 times'the height of the scraEers 5. The thickness of the r'aw materials can be changed by a controller 13~ i.e., a pivotable plate placed near the entrance la. The length of the plates 10 is adjustable by fixing means such as screws 14, according to the thickness of the raw material.
Hoppers 15 are placed under the returnln~ slde of the chain belt 4b. The outlets 15a of some of the hoppers 15 are connected to the miscella pipes 9 through conduits 16 and pumplng devices which are not shown in Fi~ures. Miscella in the hoppers 15 beneath"the, solvent p'ipes (first hoppers) is always p'umped up to the pipes 9, which are placed nearest to the inlet zone.
~290~4tS
.
Thus, the fresh raw material is always subject to extraction by the miscella, whereas the raw material from which oil has almost been extracted is treate'd by the fresh solvent. The second hoppers, located beneath the miscella pipes, are connected to a further ~se.
By use of the apparatus il~us~rated in Figures 1 and 2, the raw material A is continuously supplied into the extractor through the opening la and loaded'on the flat surface 8. The chain belts 4 are drive'n by''the rotation o~ the pulleys 2 and 3, and the scrapers 5 convey the raw material along the flat surface 8 in the diregtion shown by the arrows in Figure 1. The height "a" of the raw material ls preliminarily adjusted by the controllér 13. While the raw materlal ls conveyed along the flat surface 8, oil extraction is countercurrently carried out. Fresh solvent such as hexa~e is fed through the leftmost pipes 9 onto the plate 10 and is sprayed over the raw material A near the outlet end, i.e., at the left end of Figure 1. The miscella B collected in the leftmost hoppers 15 is then fed by a pump to the pipe located nearer to the inlet end, and this operation is carried out repeatedly. The miscella B washes the returning side of the chain belt 4b as it flows down through the sllts 7 of the flat surface 8. The chain belt 4b is also washed by fresh solvent from a nozzle 17.
` ~29~34~5 ~ ` `
g According to the present invention, the raw material is only conveyed on the flat top surface and need not go to the returning side. The returning side only needs a space for the height of the scrapers.
Besides, the hoppers need not be placed between the carrying and the returning stages. Thus, the construction of the extractor of the present lnvention can be smaller and more compact.
The solvent or miscella spraying means is also one of the characteristics of the present invent~on. The inclined overflowing plate works very effectively to un$formly spread thé solvent/miscella to the raw material, and thus, the oll extraction can be carried out efficiently.
Thé apparatus of this invention will be protected from corrosion since the chain belts and scrapers are always washed by the miscella or the fresh solvent.
The flat surface is composed of the wedge wires and this makes easier the sliding movement of the scrapers. Also, the surface is always cleaned by the movement of the raw material itself. Fine particles originated from the raw materials are easily removed from the flat surface in the slits and do not cause the stopping up or the clogging of the mesh. The scrapers can convey raw materials ten times their height. This is one of tl-e reasons why the apparatus can be made compact.
.
Claims (10)
1. A method of extracting edible fats and oils from a material, comprising the steps of:
loading the raw material onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein;
using scrapers attached to endless chain belts to convey the raw material in the direction of elongation of said slits from said inlet end to an outlet end of said conveying surface; and extracting oil from the raw material by the repeated steps of:
a) spraying a distributed oil extracting medium from a first spray means, b) flowing said medium from said first spray means onto said material on said flat surface, whereby oil is extracted to produce miscella, c) collecting in at least one first hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella which has flowed through said slits, and d) spraying said collected miscella from second spray means placed nearer to said inlet end than are said first spray means.
loading the raw material onto an inlet end of a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein;
using scrapers attached to endless chain belts to convey the raw material in the direction of elongation of said slits from said inlet end to an outlet end of said conveying surface; and extracting oil from the raw material by the repeated steps of:
a) spraying a distributed oil extracting medium from a first spray means, b) flowing said medium from said first spray means onto said material on said flat surface, whereby oil is extracted to produce miscella, c) collecting in at least one first hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella which has flowed through said slits, and d) spraying said collected miscella from second spray means placed nearer to said inlet end than are said first spray means.
2. The method of Claim 1 including the steps of:
collecting in at least one second hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella sprayed from said second spray means; and delivering the miscella from said at least one second hopper to a further use.
collecting in at least one second hopper placed beneath said flat surface, the miscella sprayed from said second spray means; and delivering the miscella from said at least one second hopper to a further use.
3. An apparatus for extracting edible fats and oils from a material, comprising:
a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein;
means for feeding the material onto an inlet end of said surface;
means for discharging the material from an outlet end of said surface;
means for advancing the material from said inlet end to said outlet end;
spray means positioned over said surface, whereby spray from said spray means extracts oil from the material on said surface to produce miscella;
at least one first hopper positioned beneath said surface for collecting miscella which has flowed through said slits; and means for feeding the miscella from said at least one first hopper to said spray means.
a flat and fixed conveying surface having elongate slits therein;
means for feeding the material onto an inlet end of said surface;
means for discharging the material from an outlet end of said surface;
means for advancing the material from said inlet end to said outlet end;
spray means positioned over said surface, whereby spray from said spray means extracts oil from the material on said surface to produce miscella;
at least one first hopper positioned beneath said surface for collecting miscella which has flowed through said slits; and means for feeding the miscella from said at least one first hopper to said spray means.
4. The apparatus of Claim 3 wherein said spray means includes first solvent spray means an second miscella spray means, said second miscella spray means being positioned closer to said inlet end than are said first solvent spray means, and wherein said means for feeding the miscella to said spray means comprises means for feeding, the miscella only to said second spray means.
5. The apparatus of Claim 3 wherein said spray means comprise:
a plurality of fluid spray pipes arranged along said conveying surface;
an inclined overflowing plate positioned beneath each of said fluid spray pipes; and a saw-toothed overflow leaf attached to each or said overflowing plates.
a plurality of fluid spray pipes arranged along said conveying surface;
an inclined overflowing plate positioned beneath each of said fluid spray pipes; and a saw-toothed overflow leaf attached to each or said overflowing plates.
6. The apparatus of Claim 4 wherein said spray means comprise:
a plurality of fluid spray pipes arranged along said conveying surface;
an inclined overflowing plate positioned beneath ' each of said fluid spray pipes; and a saw-toothed overflow leaf attached to each of said overflowing plates.
a plurality of fluid spray pipes arranged along said conveying surface;
an inclined overflowing plate positioned beneath ' each of said fluid spray pipes; and a saw-toothed overflow leaf attached to each of said overflowing plates.
7. The apparatus of Claim 4 including at least one second hopper positioned beneath said surface and beneath said second miscella spray means for collecting miscella which has flowed through said slits, and means for delivering the miscella from said second hopper to a further use.
8. The apparatus of Claim 6 including at least one second hopper positioned beneath said surface and beneath said second miscella spray means for collecting miscella which has flowed through said slits, and means for delivering the miscella from said second hopper to a further use.
9. The apparatus of Claim 3 wherein said flat surface comprises a parallel array of wedge-shaped wires having downwardly facing apexes.
10. The apparatus of Claim 5, wherein a distance a between a lower end of each said overflowing plate and said surface is between 3 and 10 times a height of said scrapers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000532670A CA1290345C (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Method and apparatus for extracting fats and oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000532670A CA1290345C (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Method and apparatus for extracting fats and oils |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1290345C true CA1290345C (en) | 1991-10-08 |
Family
ID=4135239
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000532670A Expired - Fee Related CA1290345C (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Method and apparatus for extracting fats and oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1290345C (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-03-20 CA CA000532670A patent/CA1290345C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |