CA1146896A - Method and apparatus for separating tar from sand or shale - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for separating tar from sand or shaleInfo
- Publication number
- CA1146896A CA1146896A CA000387213A CA387213A CA1146896A CA 1146896 A CA1146896 A CA 1146896A CA 000387213 A CA000387213 A CA 000387213A CA 387213 A CA387213 A CA 387213A CA 1146896 A CA1146896 A CA 1146896A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tar
- carrier layer
- travel
- carrier
- path
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/04—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
- C10G1/047—Hot water or cold water extraction processes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Tar is continuously separated from tar sand or crushed tar shale by continuously moving the sand or shale along a path of travel;
softening the sand or shale by adding water, adding steam to the sand or shale to form a suspension, subjecting the suspension to a striking action using blades rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of movement along the path of travel, and scraping tar from the blades using stationary scrapers on each side of the blades. The striking and scraping actions are repeated several times to remove as much tar as possible from the sand or shale.
Tar is continuously separated from tar sand or crushed tar shale by continuously moving the sand or shale along a path of travel;
softening the sand or shale by adding water, adding steam to the sand or shale to form a suspension, subjecting the suspension to a striking action using blades rotating in a direction opposite to the direction of movement along the path of travel, and scraping tar from the blades using stationary scrapers on each side of the blades. The striking and scraping actions are repeated several times to remove as much tar as possible from the sand or shale.
Description
~14689~
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating tar from tar sand or shale.
Canadian Patent No. 1,095,845, which issued to the present inventor on February 17, 1981, discloses the basic concept underlying the present invention, namely the use of striker blades or arms to separate the tar from sand or shale particles (hereinafter referred to as the par-ticulate carrier). Basically, the apparatus and method disclosed by such patent are designed for a one shot separation. A single vessel containing a set of striker arms or blades effects the basic separation.
Obviously, there exists a need for a continuous separation method which can be used on a large scale, and for an apparatus for carry-ing out such a method. While a series of apparatuses of the type described in the patent could be strung together side-by-side, the result would be a somewhdt bulky system which would effect no better separation than the basic patented apparatus.
The object of the present invention is to meet, at least partially, the need mentioned above by providing a simple, yet efficient method and apparatus for separating a relatively high percentage of tar from a particulate carrier.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method for separating tar from a particulate tar-containing carrier comprising the steps of:
(a) conveying the carrier in a layer along a path of travel;
(b) adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel to soften said carrier;
~L1 ~6~
(c) adding steam under pressure to said carrier layer to facilitate tar separation;
(d) striking the carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) adding additional steam under pressure to said carrier layer;
(g) striking the carrier layer to separate additional tar; and (h) removing the additional tar separated from the carrier layer.
The invention also relates to an apparatus for separating tar from a particulate tar-containing carrier comprising:
(a) conveyor means for conveying a layer of said carrier along a path of travel;
(b) first pipe means for adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(c) second pipe means for injecting steam into said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(d) a plurality of first striker blades extending across sub-stantially the entire path of travel for strik1ng said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) first scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) third pipe means for injecting steam under pressure into said carrier layer;
(g) a plurality of second striker blades extending across sub-~ 6~
stantially the entire path of travel for striking said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom; and (h) second scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer.
In the preferred embodiment of the apparatus, the particulate material is carried along a straight line of travel by an elongated hori-zontal conveyor, with a vertical conveyor at each side thereof. The vertical conveyors travel in the same direction as the horizontal conveyor and define a trough with such conveyor. All three conveyors travel at the same speed (preferably 100-200 feet per minute) to reduce friction between the particulate carrier and the sides of the trough. The striker blades rotate in a direction parallel to the path of travel to strike the carrier as it flows against the blades. The blades are covered with a sticky sub-stance which has an affinity to the tar. Tar separated from the carrier is removed from the striker blades by scraper arms, which feed the tar to conveyors for further processing or refining. Following initial tar sep-aration by the striker blades, tar froth in aqueous suspension is removed from the top of the particulate carrier. The froth is filtered to recover the tar, and the filtered water can be reused in the separation apparatus.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a preferred em-bodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and wherein:
~igure 1 is a schematic, longitudinal sectional view of a separation apparatus in accordance with the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of all but the front or in-~ 6~ 6 let and discharge ends of the apparatus of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a schematic, longitudinal sectional view on a larger scale than Figure 1 of portions of the apparatus of Figures 1 and
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating tar from tar sand or shale.
Canadian Patent No. 1,095,845, which issued to the present inventor on February 17, 1981, discloses the basic concept underlying the present invention, namely the use of striker blades or arms to separate the tar from sand or shale particles (hereinafter referred to as the par-ticulate carrier). Basically, the apparatus and method disclosed by such patent are designed for a one shot separation. A single vessel containing a set of striker arms or blades effects the basic separation.
Obviously, there exists a need for a continuous separation method which can be used on a large scale, and for an apparatus for carry-ing out such a method. While a series of apparatuses of the type described in the patent could be strung together side-by-side, the result would be a somewhdt bulky system which would effect no better separation than the basic patented apparatus.
The object of the present invention is to meet, at least partially, the need mentioned above by providing a simple, yet efficient method and apparatus for separating a relatively high percentage of tar from a particulate carrier.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a method for separating tar from a particulate tar-containing carrier comprising the steps of:
(a) conveying the carrier in a layer along a path of travel;
(b) adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel to soften said carrier;
~L1 ~6~
(c) adding steam under pressure to said carrier layer to facilitate tar separation;
(d) striking the carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) adding additional steam under pressure to said carrier layer;
(g) striking the carrier layer to separate additional tar; and (h) removing the additional tar separated from the carrier layer.
The invention also relates to an apparatus for separating tar from a particulate tar-containing carrier comprising:
(a) conveyor means for conveying a layer of said carrier along a path of travel;
(b) first pipe means for adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(c) second pipe means for injecting steam into said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(d) a plurality of first striker blades extending across sub-stantially the entire path of travel for strik1ng said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) first scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) third pipe means for injecting steam under pressure into said carrier layer;
(g) a plurality of second striker blades extending across sub-~ 6~
stantially the entire path of travel for striking said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom; and (h) second scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer.
In the preferred embodiment of the apparatus, the particulate material is carried along a straight line of travel by an elongated hori-zontal conveyor, with a vertical conveyor at each side thereof. The vertical conveyors travel in the same direction as the horizontal conveyor and define a trough with such conveyor. All three conveyors travel at the same speed (preferably 100-200 feet per minute) to reduce friction between the particulate carrier and the sides of the trough. The striker blades rotate in a direction parallel to the path of travel to strike the carrier as it flows against the blades. The blades are covered with a sticky sub-stance which has an affinity to the tar. Tar separated from the carrier is removed from the striker blades by scraper arms, which feed the tar to conveyors for further processing or refining. Following initial tar sep-aration by the striker blades, tar froth in aqueous suspension is removed from the top of the particulate carrier. The froth is filtered to recover the tar, and the filtered water can be reused in the separation apparatus.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a preferred em-bodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and wherein:
~igure 1 is a schematic, longitudinal sectional view of a separation apparatus in accordance with the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of all but the front or in-~ 6~ 6 let and discharge ends of the apparatus of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a schematic, longitudinal sectional view on a larger scale than Figure 1 of portions of the apparatus of Figures 1 and
2 near the front or inlet and discharge ends thereof;
Figure 4 is a schematic plan view on a larger scale than Figure 2 of the inlet and discharge ends of the apparatus of Figures l to 3; and Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of striker blades and a scraper used in the apparatus of Figures 1 to 4.
The apparatus of the present invention is used to separate tar from a particulate carrier, namely tar sand or tar shale. The mined tar sand is washed and then fed directly to the apparatus of the present in-vention. The tar shale is washed, crushed and softened with heat and pressure before being fed to the apparatus described hereinafter. The softening of the shale can be effected by means of heavy perforated rollers (not shown) which press against the shale on a conveyor, high pressure (200-300 psi) steam being fed to the rollers for acting on the shale.
With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the particulate, oil-bearing carrier 1 is fed by a horizontal conveyor 2 to a lower conveyor 3 for pro-cessing. The conveyor 2 passes around rollers 4. A cover 5 is provided above the conveyor 2 for controlling the thickness of layer 6 of particu-late carrier on the conveyor 3. The conveyor 3, which passes around rollers 7, is horizontal along substantially the entire length thereof, sloping upwardly at discharge end 8. The conveyor 3 is bordered on each side by vertical conveyors 9 and 10, which pass around rollers 11 and 12, respectively. The conveyors 3, 9, and 10 define a trough for the particu-~g68~6 late carrier, the entire trough moving in the same direction as the partic-ulate material. The use of sides which move with the horizontal conveyor 3 eliminates friction between the sides and the particulate carrier layer 6.
Hot water is fed through pipe 13 into the carrier 1 at ;nlet end 14 of the conveyor 3 to place the carrier in suspension. It has been found that the addition of water to raise the water content of the carrier to 30-60% by weight results in more efficient separation of the tar from the carrier.
Steam under a pressure of at least 200 psi is fed into the carrier through a pair of parallel inlet pipes 15 at a first steam injec-tion station generally indicated at 16. The pipes 15 are supported at one end by stands 17, which are mounted on platforms 18 on the sides of the conveyors 3, 9, and 10 The platforms 18 extend along substantially the entire length of the apparatus for supporting various elements of such ap-paratus. The pipes 15 extend inwardly over substantially the entire width of the conveyor 3. A plurality of perforated U-shaped pipes 19 (Figure 4) extend downwardly from the pipes 15 along their length into the layer 6 of particulate carrier. The perforations (not shown) are provided in the areas of the pipes 19 which are located in the layer 6 of carrier for discharging high pressure steam horizontally in all directions. Actually, four vertical rows of openings at 90 to each other are sufficient. The pipes 19 are interconnected near their top ends by a cross bar 20.
Following injection of steam into the carrier, the carrier is subjected to the action of a plurality of striker blades 21 at a first striker station generally indicated at 22. With reference to Figure 5, 13i~j8~3~i each striker blade 21 is defined by a segment of a circle, with a concave groove 23 therein. Four striker blades 21 extend outwardly in a single plane from a central shaft 24. The blades 21 define a row of circles ex-tending substantially completely across the path of travel of the carrier layer 6. The blades 21 are at 90 to each other, and rotate counterclock-wise in the direction of arrows 25 (Figure 4) which is reverse to the direction of movement (arrow 26) of the conveyors 3 and 9, and of the car-rier layer 6. The shaft 24 extends between the platforms 18, and is driven by a motor 27.
A sleeve 28 is disposed on each side of each group of four blades 21. The sleeve 28 is fixed relative to the shaft 24 and supports one arm 29 of a generally L-shaped scraper 30. A diagonal brace 31 extends between the arm 29 and the other arm 32 of the scraper 30. The arm 32 of the scraper 30 is supported by a frame 33 of a transversely extending con-veyor 34. The conveyor end of the arm 32 is integral with a ramp 35 which extends across the transverse row of blades 21 mounted on the shaft 24.
When the blades 21 pass through the particulate carrier, they pick ùp tar.
The blades 21 then pass between the arms 32 of the scrapers 30. Because there is very little clearance between the blades 21 and the scraper arms 32, the tar is scraped from the blades and flows down the ramp 35 to the transverse conveyor 34. Tar is carried by the conveyor 34 to one side of the apparatus where the tar is removed by means of a scraper 36 and de-posited on another longitudinally extending conveyor 37. The conveyor 37 discharges the tar from the apparatus for further processing or refining.
During separation, water is fed continuously through pipes 38 and 39 onto 685~6 the area where the blades 21 pass through the scrapers 30, and through pipes 40 and 41 onto the conveyor 34 to facilitate removal of tar from the blades 21 and from the conveyor 34.
Following the first striking action, the particulate carrier is subjected to a second steam impregnation step at a second steam injection station generally indicated at 42, and then to the action of additional striker blades 21 at a second striking station 43. The second striking step is followed by removal of tar-containing froth from the top of the carrier layer 6 at a first froth removal station 44 through suction nozzles 45. The nozzles 45 are in a row across the path of travel of the carrier layer 6, and are mounted on the lower ends of pipes 46 (Figure 4). The pipes 46 extend downwardly from a transversely extending pipe 47, which carries froth to a discharge pipe 48 (Figures 2 and 3). The pipe 48 con-veys the froth to filtering and refining facilities (not shown).
The particulate carrier layer 6 is then subjected to a third striking action at a third striking station 49, a second froth removal action at a second froth removal station 50 and a fourth striking action at fourth striking station 51. Following the final striking action, heat is recovered from the carrier at a heat recovery station 52. The heat recovery station 52 (Figures 3 and 4) includes a cold water inlet pipe 53 and a hot water outlet pipe 54. The pipes 53 and 54 are mounted on a transversely extending frame. The frame is defined by posts 55 on the platforms 18, a cross-bar 56 extending between such posts 55, and longitudinally extending arms 57 for supporting such pipes 53 and 54. A plurality of pipes 58 (not shown) extend downwardly from the pipes 53 and 54 into the carrier layer 6, 1~46~'36 and horizontal pipes 59 interconnect such pipes 58. Thus, the pipes 58 and 59 form a grid structure. Water flowing through such pipes 58 and 59 is heated, and the heat thus recovered can be used in other parts of the apparatus or as a source of energy for operating other parts of the appa-ratus.
Upon leaving the heat recovery station 52, the conveyor 3 passes beneath a scraper 60 for removal of the carrier layer 6. At the same time carrier is removed from the conveyors 9 by scrapers 61. The carrier is discharged to a transversely extending conveyor 62 for removal from the apparatus. As mentioned hereinbefore, the trailing or discharge end of the conveyor 3 is elevated with respect to the horizontal plane containing the main portion of the conveyor. The elevated discharge end results in a thinner layer of carrier passing beneath the scraper 60.
While the striker blades illustrated in the drawings are solid, it will be appreciated that steam can be passed through such blades under pressure into the carrier to facilitate tar separation. It will also be appreciated that the term "striking" used herein means subjecting the par-ticular carrier to a shearing action using revolving blades. Obviously, the tar-containing carrier can be subjected to additional striking and froth removal operations. However, there will come a time when repeated striking operations fail to remove sufficient tar to justify such operations.
Figure 4 is a schematic plan view on a larger scale than Figure 2 of the inlet and discharge ends of the apparatus of Figures l to 3; and Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of striker blades and a scraper used in the apparatus of Figures 1 to 4.
The apparatus of the present invention is used to separate tar from a particulate carrier, namely tar sand or tar shale. The mined tar sand is washed and then fed directly to the apparatus of the present in-vention. The tar shale is washed, crushed and softened with heat and pressure before being fed to the apparatus described hereinafter. The softening of the shale can be effected by means of heavy perforated rollers (not shown) which press against the shale on a conveyor, high pressure (200-300 psi) steam being fed to the rollers for acting on the shale.
With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the particulate, oil-bearing carrier 1 is fed by a horizontal conveyor 2 to a lower conveyor 3 for pro-cessing. The conveyor 2 passes around rollers 4. A cover 5 is provided above the conveyor 2 for controlling the thickness of layer 6 of particu-late carrier on the conveyor 3. The conveyor 3, which passes around rollers 7, is horizontal along substantially the entire length thereof, sloping upwardly at discharge end 8. The conveyor 3 is bordered on each side by vertical conveyors 9 and 10, which pass around rollers 11 and 12, respectively. The conveyors 3, 9, and 10 define a trough for the particu-~g68~6 late carrier, the entire trough moving in the same direction as the partic-ulate material. The use of sides which move with the horizontal conveyor 3 eliminates friction between the sides and the particulate carrier layer 6.
Hot water is fed through pipe 13 into the carrier 1 at ;nlet end 14 of the conveyor 3 to place the carrier in suspension. It has been found that the addition of water to raise the water content of the carrier to 30-60% by weight results in more efficient separation of the tar from the carrier.
Steam under a pressure of at least 200 psi is fed into the carrier through a pair of parallel inlet pipes 15 at a first steam injec-tion station generally indicated at 16. The pipes 15 are supported at one end by stands 17, which are mounted on platforms 18 on the sides of the conveyors 3, 9, and 10 The platforms 18 extend along substantially the entire length of the apparatus for supporting various elements of such ap-paratus. The pipes 15 extend inwardly over substantially the entire width of the conveyor 3. A plurality of perforated U-shaped pipes 19 (Figure 4) extend downwardly from the pipes 15 along their length into the layer 6 of particulate carrier. The perforations (not shown) are provided in the areas of the pipes 19 which are located in the layer 6 of carrier for discharging high pressure steam horizontally in all directions. Actually, four vertical rows of openings at 90 to each other are sufficient. The pipes 19 are interconnected near their top ends by a cross bar 20.
Following injection of steam into the carrier, the carrier is subjected to the action of a plurality of striker blades 21 at a first striker station generally indicated at 22. With reference to Figure 5, 13i~j8~3~i each striker blade 21 is defined by a segment of a circle, with a concave groove 23 therein. Four striker blades 21 extend outwardly in a single plane from a central shaft 24. The blades 21 define a row of circles ex-tending substantially completely across the path of travel of the carrier layer 6. The blades 21 are at 90 to each other, and rotate counterclock-wise in the direction of arrows 25 (Figure 4) which is reverse to the direction of movement (arrow 26) of the conveyors 3 and 9, and of the car-rier layer 6. The shaft 24 extends between the platforms 18, and is driven by a motor 27.
A sleeve 28 is disposed on each side of each group of four blades 21. The sleeve 28 is fixed relative to the shaft 24 and supports one arm 29 of a generally L-shaped scraper 30. A diagonal brace 31 extends between the arm 29 and the other arm 32 of the scraper 30. The arm 32 of the scraper 30 is supported by a frame 33 of a transversely extending con-veyor 34. The conveyor end of the arm 32 is integral with a ramp 35 which extends across the transverse row of blades 21 mounted on the shaft 24.
When the blades 21 pass through the particulate carrier, they pick ùp tar.
The blades 21 then pass between the arms 32 of the scrapers 30. Because there is very little clearance between the blades 21 and the scraper arms 32, the tar is scraped from the blades and flows down the ramp 35 to the transverse conveyor 34. Tar is carried by the conveyor 34 to one side of the apparatus where the tar is removed by means of a scraper 36 and de-posited on another longitudinally extending conveyor 37. The conveyor 37 discharges the tar from the apparatus for further processing or refining.
During separation, water is fed continuously through pipes 38 and 39 onto 685~6 the area where the blades 21 pass through the scrapers 30, and through pipes 40 and 41 onto the conveyor 34 to facilitate removal of tar from the blades 21 and from the conveyor 34.
Following the first striking action, the particulate carrier is subjected to a second steam impregnation step at a second steam injection station generally indicated at 42, and then to the action of additional striker blades 21 at a second striking station 43. The second striking step is followed by removal of tar-containing froth from the top of the carrier layer 6 at a first froth removal station 44 through suction nozzles 45. The nozzles 45 are in a row across the path of travel of the carrier layer 6, and are mounted on the lower ends of pipes 46 (Figure 4). The pipes 46 extend downwardly from a transversely extending pipe 47, which carries froth to a discharge pipe 48 (Figures 2 and 3). The pipe 48 con-veys the froth to filtering and refining facilities (not shown).
The particulate carrier layer 6 is then subjected to a third striking action at a third striking station 49, a second froth removal action at a second froth removal station 50 and a fourth striking action at fourth striking station 51. Following the final striking action, heat is recovered from the carrier at a heat recovery station 52. The heat recovery station 52 (Figures 3 and 4) includes a cold water inlet pipe 53 and a hot water outlet pipe 54. The pipes 53 and 54 are mounted on a transversely extending frame. The frame is defined by posts 55 on the platforms 18, a cross-bar 56 extending between such posts 55, and longitudinally extending arms 57 for supporting such pipes 53 and 54. A plurality of pipes 58 (not shown) extend downwardly from the pipes 53 and 54 into the carrier layer 6, 1~46~'36 and horizontal pipes 59 interconnect such pipes 58. Thus, the pipes 58 and 59 form a grid structure. Water flowing through such pipes 58 and 59 is heated, and the heat thus recovered can be used in other parts of the apparatus or as a source of energy for operating other parts of the appa-ratus.
Upon leaving the heat recovery station 52, the conveyor 3 passes beneath a scraper 60 for removal of the carrier layer 6. At the same time carrier is removed from the conveyors 9 by scrapers 61. The carrier is discharged to a transversely extending conveyor 62 for removal from the apparatus. As mentioned hereinbefore, the trailing or discharge end of the conveyor 3 is elevated with respect to the horizontal plane containing the main portion of the conveyor. The elevated discharge end results in a thinner layer of carrier passing beneath the scraper 60.
While the striker blades illustrated in the drawings are solid, it will be appreciated that steam can be passed through such blades under pressure into the carrier to facilitate tar separation. It will also be appreciated that the term "striking" used herein means subjecting the par-ticular carrier to a shearing action using revolving blades. Obviously, the tar-containing carrier can be subjected to additional striking and froth removal operations. However, there will come a time when repeated striking operations fail to remove sufficient tar to justify such operations.
Claims (10)
PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method for separating tar from a particulate tar-containing carrier comprising the steps of:
(a) conveying the carrier in a layer along a path of travel;
(b) adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel to soften said carrier;
(c) adding steam under pressure to said carrier layer to facilitate tar separation;
(d) striking the carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) adding additional steam under pressure to said carrier layer;
(g) striking the carrier layer to separate additional tar; and (h) removing the additional tar separated from the carrier layer.
(a) conveying the carrier in a layer along a path of travel;
(b) adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel to soften said carrier;
(c) adding steam under pressure to said carrier layer to facilitate tar separation;
(d) striking the carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) adding additional steam under pressure to said carrier layer;
(g) striking the carrier layer to separate additional tar; and (h) removing the additional tar separated from the carrier layer.
2. A method according to claim 1, including the steps of:
(i) removing tar-containing froth from said carrier for pro-cessing.
(i) removing tar-containing froth from said carrier for pro-cessing.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, including the repetition of said striking of said carrier layer, and the removing of tar separated by said striking of the carrier layer.
4. An apparatus for separating tar from a particulate tar-containing carrier comprising:
(a) conveyor means for conveying a layer of said carrier along a path of travel;
(b) first pipe means for adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(c) second pipe means for injecting steam into said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(d) a plurality of first striker blades extending across sub-stantially the entire path of travel for striking said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) first scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) third pipe means for injecting steam under pressure into said carrier layer;
(g) a plurality of second striker blades extending across sub-stantially the entire path of travel for striking said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom; and (h) second scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer.
(a) conveyor means for conveying a layer of said carrier along a path of travel;
(b) first pipe means for adding water to said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(c) second pipe means for injecting steam into said carrier layer during travel along said path of travel;
(d) a plurality of first striker blades extending across sub-stantially the entire path of travel for striking said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom;
(e) first scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer;
(f) third pipe means for injecting steam under pressure into said carrier layer;
(g) a plurality of second striker blades extending across sub-stantially the entire path of travel for striking said carrier layer to separate tar therefrom; and (h) second scraper means for removing the tar separated from the carrier layer.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, including first nozzle means following said second scraper means in said path of travel for removing tar-containing froth from said carrier layer.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, including a plurality of third striker blades extending across substantially the entire path of travel for striking the carrier layer to separate tar therefrom.
7. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said conveyor means includes a horizontal conveyor for carrying said carrier layer; and vertical conveyors defining a trough with said horizontal conveyor, said travel ex-tending in the same direction of said path of travel and moving with said carrier layer.
8. An apparatus according to claim 4, including shaft means ex-tending across said path of travel for carrying said striker blades; and motor means for rotating said shaft means and said striker blades, whereby said blades strike said carrier layer.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein each said scraper means includes a scraper arm on each side of each striker blade for remov-ing tar therefrom, and ramp means for receiving said tar from said scraper arm.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said ramp means is integral with a plurality of said striker blades.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387213A CA1146896A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1981-10-02 | Method and apparatus for separating tar from sand or shale |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387213A CA1146896A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1981-10-02 | Method and apparatus for separating tar from sand or shale |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1146896A true CA1146896A (en) | 1983-05-24 |
Family
ID=4121077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000387213A Expired CA1146896A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1981-10-02 | Method and apparatus for separating tar from sand or shale |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1146896A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-10-02 CA CA000387213A patent/CA1146896A/en not_active Expired
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