CA1285986C - Organic electrolyte cell - Google Patents

Organic electrolyte cell

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Publication number
CA1285986C
CA1285986C CA000534644A CA534644A CA1285986C CA 1285986 C CA1285986 C CA 1285986C CA 000534644 A CA000534644 A CA 000534644A CA 534644 A CA534644 A CA 534644A CA 1285986 C CA1285986 C CA 1285986C
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Prior art keywords
cell
lithium
licoo2
organic electrolyte
cathode
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French (fr)
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Toru Nagaura
Toshio Hashimoto
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Sony Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An organic electrolyte cell is disclosed which comprises an anode made of Li or Li alloy, an organic electrolyte and cathode active material made of Li and metal complex oxide represented by LiMO2 wherein M stands for at least one of Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, and V. The cell has a discharge voltage of 1.2 to 1.3 volts which is compatible with mercury cell.

Description

1285986 SPECIFICATION TITLE ORGANIC ELECTROLYTE CELL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic electrolyte cell using lithium or lithium alloy as the anode, liquid organic electrolyte and cathode material. Prior Art Recently, in association with the miniaturization of various electronic equipment such as timepiece, cameras or electronic calculators, silver oxide or mercury cells that are small-in size and thickness and having high energy density among the aqueous solution cells are being used. However, with our increased interest in environmental pollution problems, since not only mercury cells but also the silver oxide cells make use of zinc amalgam as the cathode, it is feared that disposal of used mercury and silver oxide cells may cause additional environmental pollution. Under these circumstances, possible debut of the pollution free cells interchangeable with mercury of silver oxide cells is strongly desired. On the other hand, lithium cells using lithium or alloy : ~ 1 : ~ : .. . . .. . . . 128598fi as the cathode and an organic liquid electrolyte as the liquid electrolyte is superior in storage properties, can be reduced in size and thickness because of its high energy density, while it is pollution-free in that it does not make use of mercury, so that it is tentatively used in a variety of electronic devices. For example, lithium cells using MnO2, CFX and AgCrO4 as the anode active material are finding practical application. However, becausse of its higher cell voltage of 3 V, the lithium cell is not fully satisfactory in its interchangeability with the conventional mercury of silver oxide cells. It has been tried to evolve lithium cells interchangeable with these silver oxide or mercury cells and there has been proposed a lithium cell using FeS, FeS2 or CuO as the cathode active material in combination with thé lithium anode. This lithium cell has a cell voltage of 1.5 to 1.6 V and thus approximately equal to that of the silver oxide cell so that the interchangeability with the silver oxide cell is assured. However, the mercury cell has a lower cell voltage of 1.3 V, such that there lacks up to now a lithium cell fully interchangeable with the mercury cell. OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an organic electrolyte cell which is free from . . . . 128598fi mercury. It is another object of the present invention to provide an organic electrolyte cell havins voltage which is compatible with mercury cell. It is further object of the present invention to provide an organic electrolyte cell having increased cell capacity. According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided an organic electrolyte cell which comprises an anode made of lithium or lithium alloy, an organic electrolyte, and cathode containing cathod active material made of Li and metal complex oxide represented by LiMO2 wherein M stands for at least one of Co, Ni, Fe, Cn and V. In further aspect of the present invention there is provided an organic electrolyte cell having a cathode active material made of LiCo1_xNiO2- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1(A) is a diagram showing the X-ray diffraction pattern for LiCoO2 and Fig. 1(B) is a diagram showing the X- ray diffraction pattern of LiNiO2; Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing an example of the structure of the organic electrolyte cell; ~Fig. 3 is a diagram showing discharge characteristics `~for the case of using LiCoO2 of LiNiO2 as the cathode pellet; Fig. 4(A) is a diagram showing the X-ray diffraction : ~ ~ . . . .: . ~ . . . , - . - .. .. . . : . - . . .. lZ8598fi pattern of the cathode pellet of the non-discharged cell in the case of using LiCoO2 as the cathode pellet; Fig. 4(B) is a diagram showing X-ray diffraction pattern of the cathode pellet after termination of discharge. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the discharge characteristics of the cell using LiCoO2 as the cathode in comparison with those of the mercury cell. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing charging and discharging curves of the LiCoO2 cell. Figs. 7A to 7E are spectral diagrams showing the X-ray diffraction patterns when the value of x in LiNixCo1_x02 is changed stepwise from 0 to 1, wherein Fig. 7A that for LiNio 1C0 92; Fig. 7B that for LiNio 2Co0 82; Fig. 7C that for LiNio 4Co0 62; Fig. 7D that for LiNio 6Co0 42; Fig.7E that for LiNio.8C0.22 Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the relation between the value of x and the discharge time per unit weight for a cell having LiNixCo(1_x)02 as the anode material; and Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the discharge curve of the cell having LiNio 1C0 92 as the anode material in comparison with the cell having LiCoO2 as the anode material and the cell having LiNiO2 as the anode material. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Since the cell voltage is determined by its cathode and ; - , .. . . .. .. : .. ' . ' ~ ' ' ,: . 128598~ anode material, the present inventors have investigated into various cathode materials in combination with the anode lithium. As the result, we have found a material exhibiting an electrical voltage approximately equal to the working voltage of the mercury cell (1.2 to 1.3V). Thus the organic electrolyte cell of the present invention is characterized in that it is constituted by an anode of lithium or lithium alloy, a cathode formed of a complex metal oxide represented by LiM02 where M stands for one or two or more of Co, Ni, V, Cr and Fe, and an organic electrolyte. The complex metal oxide is a complex oxide of Li and transition metals and, for example, LiCoO2, LiFeO2, LiCrO2 and LiV02 are used. As these complex metal oxides, the complex metal oxides represented by the general formula LiM102 or LiM202 where M1 stands for one of transition metals such as V, Cr, Co, Ni or Fe and M2 stands for transition metals different from M1 by itself or a mixture of LiM102 and LiM202, may be used. It is also possible to use complex metal oxide represented by Li(M1)X(M2)1_x02, where O < x < 1. The aforementioned complex metal oxide may be produced easily by mixing and heat treating carbonates of Li and carbonates of the transition metal. For example, it may be produced by heat treating LiCoO2 and CoC03 ln air at 900C. As the anode active material, an alloy of Li with one or more of Al, Pb, Sn, Bi and Cd, such as LiAl alloy, may be ~28598s~ used in addition to lithium. As the electrolyte solution, a non-aqueous organic elect:rolyte of a lithium salt dissolved in an organic solvent may be used. The organic solvent includes esters, ethers, 3- substituted-2-oxazolidine, or a mixed solvent consisting of two or more of these solvents. The esters may include alkylene carbonates (ethylene carbonates, propylene carbonates or ~-butyrolactones). The ethers may include cyclic ethers, such as 5-membered ethers tetrahydrofuran; substituted (alkyl, alkoxy) tetrahydrofuran, such as 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 2,5- dimethyltetrahydrofuran, 2-ethyltetrahydrofuran, 2,2'- dimethyltetrahydrofuran, 2-methoxytetrahydrofuran, or 2,5- dimethoxytetrahydrofuran; or dioxolane, 6-membered ethers 1,4-dioxane, pyran, dihydropyran, or tetrahydropyran, or dimethoxyethane. The 3-substituted oxazolidinones include 3-alkyl-2- oxazolidinones (such as 3-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, or 3-ethyl- 2-oxazolidinone); 3-cycloalkyl-2-oxazolidinones (such as 3- cyclohexyl-2-oxazolidinone), 3-aralkyl-2-oxazolidinones (such as 3-benzyl-2-oxazolidinone), or 3-aryl-2-oxazolidinone (3- phenyl-2-oxazolidinone). Above all, propylene carbonates or 5-membered ethers (above all, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 2- ~28598fi ethyltetrahydrofuran, 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran, or 2- methoxytetrahydrofuran), or 3-methyl-2-oxazolidinone. As the electrolyte, lithium perchlorate, boron lithium fluoride, phosphorus lithium fluoride, lithium aluminate chloride, or trifluoromethane lithium sulfonate. Of these, lithium perchlorate or boron lithium fluoride is preferred. The cathode material that has brought the present invention to completion is a complex oxide of lithium and the transition metal (M) represented by the chemical formula LiMO2. The cell reaction is considered to proceed by the reaction schema shown by the formula (1), with the operating voltage being 1.2 to 1.3 V. discharge 3Li + LiMO2 ~ 2Li20 + M ............................. (1) That is, in the organic electrolyte cell of the present invention, the complex metal compound, the cathode material, is reduced to an oxidized state of the lower order, with the reaction proceeding from M3+ to MO. Taking an example of LiCoO2, the reaction proceeds from Co3+ to CoO, as indicated by the formula LiCoO2 + 3Li ~ 2Li20 + CoO .......................... (2). The sample applies to the case of LiNiO2, wherein LiNiO2 is discharged such that LiNiO2 + 3Li ~ 2Li20 + NiO ..... (3) . . . - - , . . ~28598~ In this case, the cell voltage corresponds to the potential difference between LiCoO2 and Li or between LiNiO2 and Li is set to 1.2 to 1.3 V. Also, in the organic electrolyte cell of the present invention, the cell reaction between the cathode material LiM02 and the anode material Li proceeds in the three- electron reaction so that the theoretical capacity is as large as 821 mAH/g and 823 mAH/g, respectively, so that a cell of a large capacity is obtained. Moreover, by charging, the oxidized state of a higher order, or the pre-charging state, may be obtained, as shown by the formula charging 2LiO2 + M ~ 3Li + LiM02 ................. (4) so that the cell may also be used as the secondary cell. Wherein using the cell as the secondary cell in this manner, the charging voltage is preferably kept so as to be not higher than 2.5 V. If the charging voltage becomes excessive, the organic electrolyte tends to be decomposed. The present invention will be explained with reference to certain specific examples. It is to be noted, however, that the present invention is not to be limited to these Examples. ExamDle 1 - : . - - . . ~28598fi 36.9 g of marketed lithium carbonate and 118.9 g of powdexed cobalt carbonate were mixed thoroughly and calcined at 900 C for S hours in air. On examination by an X-ray diffraction, the calcined product showed a diffraction pattern shown as at (A) in Fig. 1 and thus in meeting with the diffraction pattern of LiCoO2. S~milarly, powdered lithium carbonate and powdered nickel carbonate were mixed together thoroughly at a ratio that will give an atomic ratio of lithium to nickel of 1:1 and the resulting mixture was calcined in air at 900 C for 5 hours. On examination by X-ray diffraction, the calcined product showed a diffraction pattern shown at (B) in Fig. 1 and thus in meeting with the diffraction pattern of LiNiO2. Each 70 wt. parts of the LiCoO2 and LiNiO2 powders obtained in this manner was taken and admixed with each 27 wt. parts of graphite and 3 wt. parts of teflon to produce pellets weighing 0.108 g and having a diameter of 10.3 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. Then, as shown in Fig. 2, a lithium foil (2) 1.6 mm thick was punched to a diameter of 12.3 mm or an anode cup (1) and pressed. A separator (3) was placed thereon, a plastic gasket (4) was fitted, a propylene carbonate solution with LiC104 dissolved as an electrolyte solution at a rate of ; 1 mol/lit. was injected, the pellets (5) of LiCoO2 and-LiNiO2 were placed as the cathode on the separator (3), the cathode * Trade mark ::: . ~ .. - :: ~ ~ : . lZ8598fi can ~6) was placed and the end sealed by caulking to produce the I.i/LiCoO2 cell and Li/LiNiO2 cell. These cells were discharged through a constant resistor of 6.5 kiloohms for examining the discharge curve. The results are shown in Fig. 3. It is seen that the Li/LiCoO2 cell, with the discharge curve shown by a curve a in Fig. 3, and the Li/LiNiO2 cell, with the discharge curve shown by a curve b in Fig. 3, show the discharge voltage in the vicinity of 1.2 V. The present inventors have stated that the new cell active material reacts as shown by the schema LiMO2 + 3Li ~ 2Li2O + M .................. (1). This can be supported by the present example. Thus, assuming that LiCoO2 reacts by the formula LiCoO + 3Li ~ 2Li2O + Co ................. (2), the theoretical capacity of LiCoO2 is equal to 821 mAH/g. Since 0.076 g of LiCoO2 is contained in the LiCoO2 pellet provided in the present Example, the theoretical cathode capacity of the Li/LiCoO2 cell of the present Example is 62.4 mAH. An amount of lithium equivalent to 1950 mAH is used in the anode of the cell, and the capacity of the cell obtained by the actual discharge is controlled by the reaction of the lesser capacity electrode of the cathode LiCoO2. In sum, it ` ' ' ' ' ~ ~28598S~ is obtained as the capacity of the cell of the present Example equal the cathode capacity. The capacity of the cell of the present Example shown in Fig. 3 up to the terminal voltage of 0.8 V for the discharging through 6.S kiloohms resistance is 60.1 mAH for the Li/LiCoO2 cell which is equal to 96.3% of the theoretical value of 62.4 mAH and thus close to such theoretical value. In sum, this supports that the cell reaction proceeds by the reaction formula LiCoO2 + 3Li - ~ 2Li20 +Co .............. (2) which is based on the computation of the theoretical value. The discharged cell was dismantled and the discharge product at the cathode was checked by the X-ray diffractometry. As shown at (B) in Fig. 4, the LiCoO2 peak is decreased as compared with the X-ray diffraction pattern at the cathode of the undischarged cell shown at (A) in Fig. 4. This indicated that the LiCoO2 peak is decreased while the high Li20 diffraction peak appears for the first time. Also a broad diffraction peak appears in the vicinity of 2~ = 46 to 57, which seems to show that the metal cobalt has been precipitated in an amorphous state. The reaction schema is also supported by the above reaction product. Although the description has been made above in connection with the lithium cobalt complex oxide, the same 1 1 ;. - : - " -. .. - ~ . . : : - ~Z8598S~ may be said of the lithium nickel oxide. Example 2 88.7 wt. parts of LiCoO2 powder obtained as in Example 1 was mixed with 9.3 wt. parts of the graphite as the electrically conductive material and 2.0 wt parts of Teflon powders as the finder, the mixture then being cast to an cathode pellet having a diameter of 7.8 mm and a thickness of 2.25 mm. An anode was then produced by punching and pressing a lithium foil 2.36 mm thick to an outside diameter of 7.8 mm on an anode cup. On the lithium was placed a separator and the cell with the outside diameter of 11.5 mm and the thickness of 5.3 mm was assembled by the same procedure as in the Example 1. This cell has the same size as the marketed mercury cell (MR 44) and the terminal discharge end of the cell is set to be determined by the Li amount. As this cell was dischargd through a resistance of 1300 ohms, a discharge of 235 hours could be obtained up to the cutoff voltage of 1.0 V. When the marketed mercury cell (MR 44) discharged under the same condition, discharge of 215 hours was obtained, the results are shown in Fig. 5. In Fig. 5, the curve c stands for the discharge curve of the cell of the present Example, while the curve d stands for the discharge curve of the mercury cell. The cell of the present 12 ,j , . .. . . . . . .: . ~ . : . .. . . ~Z8598fi Example has the discharge voltage almost equal to that of the mercury cell and the discharge capacity larger than that of the conventional mercury cell. Example 3 The cell prepared by the Example 1 was discharged to a sufficient depth (up to 0.8 V) through the resistance of 6.5 kiloohms, then charged for 15 hours at the constant voltage of 2.25 V and again discharged through a resistance of 1 kiloohm. As seen from Fig. 6, it was found that discharge is again possible. It was ascertained that the discharge performance to the same extent as that shown in Fig. 6 could be obtained after repeating the charging and discharging for more than 10 times. The Li/LiCoO2 cell can be used in this manner as the secondary cell. In the above, detailed description up to Example 3 has been made with the LiCoO2 as the lithium cobalt complex material. LiCoO2 basically belongs to a transition metal l1thium oxide LiMO2 having the layered Rocksolt structure and the compound of the same structure is obtained for M=V, Cr, Co, Ni and Fe. In short, the Co atom of LiCoO2 can be easily replaced in part by these elements to provide the same structure. The present inventors have substituted cobalt atoms of ~: 13 : ` - - ~ . . . ~2~5~8s~ LiCoO2 in the following Example in part by nickel of the above elements and produced satisfactory lithium cell with this material, as explaind below. Synthesis Example of Complex Oxides The commercially available lithium carbonate powders and cobalt carbonate powders were mixed together to give a lithium atom to cobalt atom ratio of 1:1 and the mixture was calcined in air at 900C for 5 hours to a lithium-cobalt complex oxide (LiCoO2). Fig. 1A shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the produced lithium cobalt complex oxide. Then, to replace the cobalt atoms of the lithium cobalt complex oxide by nickel atoms, lithium carbonate (LiCO3), cobalt carbonate (CoCO3) and nickel carbonate (NiCO3) were mixed to conform to a composition of LiNixCo1_x02 and calcined. That is, for various values of x, mixing and calcining were so performed that the lithium atoms, nickel atoms and cobalt atoms obey the ratio of 1:x:1-x. The calcining conditions were 900'C for 5 hours in air, as in the case of the lithium cobalt complex oxides. Figs. 7A to 7E show the X-ray diffraction patterns for these complex oxides. Thus, Fig. 7A shows LiNio 1C0 92i Fig. 7B shows LiNio 2Co0 82; Fig. 7C shows LiNio 4Co0 62; Fig. 7D shows LiNio 6Co0 42; and Fig. 7E shows LiNio.gCoo.2o2- . 14 - : - . ~28598s~ It is seen from the X-ray diffraction pattern shown in these Figs. 1A, 1B and 7A to 7E that cobalt and nickel can be replaced by each other in LiNixCo1_xO2 at a free ratio. It is because the basic pattern of LiCoO2 for x=0 (Fig. lA) is not changed in accordance with the value for x, until the pattern of Fog. 1B of LiNiO2 for x=1 is reached. Example 4 To 7.0 wt.parts of the powders of complex oxide LiNixCO1 x2 (x=0-1) prepared in the preceding synthetic example for the complex oxide were mixed with 27 wt. parts of the graphite and 3 wt.parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powders as the binder, and the resulting powder mixture was compacted and formed to a cathode pellet 10.3 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in thickness. Then, as shown in Fig. 2, a lithium foil (2) 12.3 mm in diameter and 1.6 mm in thickness was punched and pressed onto an anode cup (1). On this was placed a separator (3) containing the electrolyte liquid, a plastic gasket (4) was fitted, the cathode pellet (5) was placed on the separator (3), assemble an organic electrolyte cell. As the electrolyte liquid, lithiumperchlorate dissolved in propylene carbonate at a rate of 1 mol/liter was used. These cells were discharged through a resistor of 6.5 kiloohms and the discharge time until the terminal voltage of . : ' - ' ' ' . : . . . ~. . - : . : . ~ , . ~;~8S9~ 1.2 V was measured to find the discharge time of the cathode material LiNixCo1_xO2 per unit weight t1 mg) The results are shown in Fig. 8. It is seen from Fig. 8 that the discharge capacity of the cell using LiNixCol_xO2 as the cathode material is changed with the value of x and that the discharge capacity is increased as compared to LiCoO2 when part of cobalt is replaced by nickel. However, the capacity is decreased with the increase in the nickel contents for x > 0.27. Thus it was proved in the present Example that the complex oxide consisting of lithium, cobalt and nickel LiNixCo1_xO2 is excellent as the cell active material and, above all, the oxide in which part of the cobalt atoms are replaced by nickel atoms by setting the value of x so that 0 < x < 0.27 may prove to be an excellent cell active material in an organic electrolyte cell having the reaction of the formula LiMO2 + 3Li ---~ 2Li2O ~ M .............. (1) wherein M represents a transition metal, as the basic cell reaction. Fig. 9 shows the characteristics of the discharge curve of the Li/LiNio 1CO 92 cell as compared to those of LitLiCoO2 cell and Li/LiNiO2 cell, wherein the maximum value is indicated by the discharge capacity. The ascendancy of using LiNixCo1_xO2 as the cathode material may also be proved 16 ~ . . ~ . . . ~28598~S from Fig. 9. The cell having LiCoO2 as the cathode material is satisfactory in regard to the discharge voltage, however, it is not fully satisfactory in regard to the discharge capacity. On the other hand, the cell havinq LiNiO2 as the cathode material has a flat discharge curve and exhibits desirable properties in the cell life, however, it has a slightly low discharge voltage such that the cell capacity can hardly be procured for a terminal voltage of 1.2 V. On the other hand, the cell having LiNio 1C0 92 as the anode material showed satisfactory properties in both the discharge voltage and discharge capacity. The mercury cell, having a desirably large capacity, poses a pollution problem because it makes use of a large amount of mercury and the disposal of the used cells causes difficulties. However, these cells are still being used because of the absence of proper substitutes. The present invention has realized a pollution-free lithium cell that is fully interchangeable with the mercury cell as to the operating voltage thereof. The present invention provides a novel cell system wherein a cathode lithium is combined with the anode lithium-transition metal complex oxide to realize a cell having an operating volgate of 1.2 to 1.3 V and thus a totally equivalent voltage to that of the mercury cell. Rather, the cell capacity of the cell is larger than that of the mercury cell. In case, LiCoO2 is 17 ~: - . ' : . , : ...... . 1.28598~ used as the basic active material with part of the cobalt atoms thereof replaced by nickel atoms, the discharge capaity of the cell is increased significantly. 18 . . : .

Claims

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS: 1. An organic electrolyte cell comprising an anode made of a material chosen from the group consisting of Li and Li alloy, an organic electrolyte and cathode containing cathode active material made of Li and metal complex oxide represented by LiCo1 - xNixO2 wherein x is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.27 in atomic ratio, said cell showing discharge voltage derived by voltage difference of LiCo1 - xNixO2 and Li. - 19 -
CA000534644A 1986-05-12 1987-04-14 Organic electrolyte cell Expired - Lifetime CA1285986C (en)

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JP61108157A JPH0763010B2 (en) 1986-05-12 1986-05-12 Organic electrolyte battery
JP108157/86 1986-05-12

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CA1285986C true CA1285986C (en) 1991-07-09

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4804596A (en) * 1988-01-21 1989-02-14 Honeywell Inc. Electrode material/electrolyte system for non-aqueous cells
US5478672A (en) * 1993-12-24 1995-12-26 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Nonaqueous secondary battery, positive-electrode active material

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DE3068002D1 (en) * 1979-04-05 1984-07-05 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Electrochemical cell and method of making ion conductors for said cell
US4567031A (en) * 1983-12-27 1986-01-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Process for preparing mixed metal oxides
JPH0785413B2 (en) * 1986-04-30 1995-09-13 ソニー株式会社 Organic electrolyte primary battery

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JPH0763010B2 (en) 1995-07-05

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