CA1278579C - Process for the preparation of (2,2)- paracyclophane and derivatives thereof - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of (2,2)- paracyclophane and derivatives thereofInfo
- Publication number
- CA1278579C CA1278579C CA000540267A CA540267A CA1278579C CA 1278579 C CA1278579 C CA 1278579C CA 000540267 A CA000540267 A CA 000540267A CA 540267 A CA540267 A CA 540267A CA 1278579 C CA1278579 C CA 1278579C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- process according
- paracyclophane
- ized
- character
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- OOLUVSIJOMLOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1633-22-3 Chemical compound C1CC(C=C2)=CC=C2CCC2=CC=C1C=C2 OOLUVSIJOMLOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- BHZSLQZBUUWFED-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC1=CC=C(C[N+](C)(C)C)C=C1 BHZSLQZBUUWFED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005985 Hofmann elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4'-hydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 TXFPEBPIARQUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 BTJIUGUIPKRLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O UFBJCMHMOXMLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylparaben Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940068917 polyethylene glycols Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WXNZTHHGJRFXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CVNOWLNNPYYEOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyanophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 CVNOWLNNPYYEOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEPBITJSIHRMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 FEPBITJSIHRMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005243 carbonyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HGWQOFDAUWCQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C2=C1 HGWQOFDAUWCQDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229940113088 dimethylacetamide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000006839 xylylene group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- KAWOYOQFRXSZQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10366-05-9 Chemical compound C1CC(=CC=2)C(Cl)=CC=2CCC2=CC=C1C(Cl)=C2 KAWOYOQFRXSZQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMDRJZUQYMFWSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=C(C[N+](C)(C)C)C=C1 PMDRJZUQYMFWSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VRKPLMNJTYFOCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethoxyethane 1-methoxy-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound COCCOC.COCCOC.COCCOCCOC VRKPLMNJTYFOCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUIRNGLMBHIITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitronaphthalen-1-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 AUIRNGLMBHIITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical class OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012431 aqueous reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003963 dichloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- SBNKFTQSBPKMBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenzamide Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1C(N)=O SBNKFTQSBPKMBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C13/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing rings other than, or in addition to, six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C13/28—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof
- C07C13/32—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings
- C07C13/54—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings
- C07C13/605—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings with a bridged ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/32—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen
- C07C1/321—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen the hetero-atom being a non-metal atom
- C07C1/323—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from compounds containing hetero-atoms other than or in addition to oxygen or halogen the hetero-atom being a non-metal atom the hetero-atom being a nitrogen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/92—Systems containing at least three condensed rings with a condensed ring system consisting of at least two mutually uncondensed aromatic ring systems, linked by an annular structure formed by carbon chains on non-adjacent positions of the aromatic system, e.g. cyclophanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT20939/86A IT1190647B (it) | 1986-06-27 | 1986-06-27 | Processo per la preparazione di (2,2)-paraciclofano e suoi derivati |
| IT20939A/86 | 1986-06-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1278579C true CA1278579C (en) | 1991-01-02 |
Family
ID=11174354
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000540267A Expired - Fee Related CA1278579C (en) | 1986-06-27 | 1987-06-22 | Process for the preparation of (2,2)- paracyclophane and derivatives thereof |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4816608A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0252402B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2517290B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR950006791B1 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE52493T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU597535B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR8703169A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1278579C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE3762615D1 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2014451B3 (ja) |
| IL (1) | IL82968A0 (ja) |
| IT (1) | IT1190647B (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA874494B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2032714C (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1999-01-26 | Hiroshi Maruyama | Process for the preparation of dichloro-(2,2)-paracyclophane |
| US5302767A (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1994-04-12 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | [2.2] paracyclophane and derivatives thereof |
| US5424097A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-06-13 | Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. | Continuous vapor deposition apparatus |
| JP3773065B2 (ja) * | 1995-08-25 | 2006-05-10 | 第三化成株式会社 | ジクロロ−テトラフルオロ−［２，２］−パラシクロファンおよびその製造方法 |
| US5536892A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1996-07-16 | Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. | Processes for the preparation of octafluoro-[2,2]paracyclophane |
| WO1997014666A1 (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1997-04-24 | Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. | Processes for the preparation of octafluoro-[2,2]paracyclophane |
| US5879808A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1999-03-09 | Alpha Metals, Inc. | Parylene polymer layers |
| US5993541A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1999-11-30 | Geo Centers Inc | Process for nucleation of ceramics and product thereof |
| US5806319A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-15 | Wary; John | Method and apparatus for cryogenically cooling a deposition chamber |
| US5841005A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1998-11-24 | Dolbier, Jr.; William R. | Parylene AF4 synthesis |
| US6051276A (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 2000-04-18 | Alpha Metals, Inc. | Internally heated pyrolysis zone |
| US7994372B2 (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2011-08-09 | Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. | Parylene variants and methods of synthesis and use |
| US7652178B2 (en) | 2007-02-26 | 2010-01-26 | Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. | Perfluoroparacyclophane and methods of synthesis and use thereof |
| US8940850B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2015-01-27 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Energy storage device |
| US8633289B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-01-21 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Formation of [2,2]paracyclophane and related compounds and methods for the formation of polymers from cyclophanes |
| US9011627B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2015-04-21 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Method of manufacturing high permittivity low leakage capacitor and energy storing device |
| CN101889321A (zh) | 2007-10-05 | 2010-11-17 | D·卡弗 | 高电容率低漏电的电容器和能量存储器件及其形成方法 |
| US9214281B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2015-12-15 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Very thin dielectrics for high permittivity and very low leakage capacitors and energy storing devices |
| US9214280B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2015-12-15 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Very thin dielectrics for high permittivity and very low leakage capacitors and energy storing devices |
| US10227432B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2019-03-12 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Formation of xylylene type copolymers, block polymers, and mixed composition materials |
| US9899846B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2018-02-20 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Entropic energy transfer methods and circuits |
| US10199165B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2019-02-05 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Energy storage device |
| US9805869B2 (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2017-10-31 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | High energy density electrostatic capacitor |
| EP3371811B1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2022-11-23 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Electroentropic memory device |
| EP3549232A1 (en) | 2016-12-02 | 2019-10-09 | Carver Scientific, Inc. | Memory device and capacitive energy storage device |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA704487A (en) * | 1965-02-23 | L. Yeh Ying | Fluoro-di-p-xylylenes | |
| GB807196A (en) * | 1955-05-02 | 1959-01-07 | Du Pont | Polyarylenethylenes and their copolymers |
| US3221068A (en) * | 1962-03-01 | 1965-11-30 | Union Carbide Corp | Halogenated di-p-xylylenes |
| US3349142A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1967-10-24 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for the preparation of alkylated di-p-xylylenes |
| DE3240303C1 (de) * | 1982-10-30 | 1984-01-19 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Verfahren zur Herstellung von [2,2]-Paracyclophan |
| IT1177104B (it) * | 1984-11-02 | 1987-08-26 | Montedison Spa | Processo per la preparazione di (2,2)-paraciclofano |
| IT1191632B (it) * | 1985-10-30 | 1988-03-23 | Montedison Spa | Processo per la preparazione di (2,2)-paraciolofano |
| IT1191645B (it) * | 1985-12-19 | 1988-03-23 | Montedison Spa | Processo per la preparazione di (2,2)-paraciclofano e suoi derivati |
-
1986
- 1986-06-27 IT IT20939/86A patent/IT1190647B/it active
-
1987
- 1987-06-22 ZA ZA874494A patent/ZA874494B/xx unknown
- 1987-06-22 JP JP62153586A patent/JP2517290B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-22 CA CA000540267A patent/CA1278579C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-23 IL IL82968A patent/IL82968A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-23 BR BR8703169A patent/BR8703169A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-23 KR KR1019870006393A patent/KR950006791B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1987-06-26 US US07/066,508 patent/US4816608A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-26 AU AU74781/87A patent/AU597535B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-06-29 AT AT87109343T patent/ATE52493T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-06-29 DE DE8787109343T patent/DE3762615D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-29 EP EP87109343A patent/EP0252402B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-29 ES ES87109343T patent/ES2014451B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2014451B3 (es) | 1990-07-16 |
| EP0252402A1 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
| JP2517290B2 (ja) | 1996-07-24 |
| EP0252402B1 (en) | 1990-05-09 |
| AU7478187A (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| BR8703169A (pt) | 1988-03-08 |
| AU597535B2 (en) | 1990-05-31 |
| DE3762615D1 (de) | 1990-06-13 |
| IL82968A0 (en) | 1987-12-20 |
| IT8620939A1 (it) | 1987-12-27 |
| KR950006791B1 (ko) | 1995-06-22 |
| ZA874494B (en) | 1987-12-24 |
| ATE52493T1 (de) | 1990-05-15 |
| US4816608A (en) | 1989-03-28 |
| KR880000364A (ko) | 1988-03-25 |
| JPS6393735A (ja) | 1988-04-25 |
| IT1190647B (it) | 1988-02-16 |
| IT8620939A0 (it) | 1986-06-27 |
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