CA1252775A - Aromatic polyamide yarn impregnated with lubricating particles, a process for the manufacture of such a yarn, and packing material or rope containing this yarn - Google Patents
Aromatic polyamide yarn impregnated with lubricating particles, a process for the manufacture of such a yarn, and packing material or rope containing this yarnInfo
- Publication number
- CA1252775A CA1252775A CA000457953A CA457953A CA1252775A CA 1252775 A CA1252775 A CA 1252775A CA 000457953 A CA000457953 A CA 000457953A CA 457953 A CA457953 A CA 457953A CA 1252775 A CA1252775 A CA 1252775A
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- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- weight
- solid particles
- particles
- filaments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D06M15/256—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
- D02G1/164—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam in the presence of a liquid, e.g. a crimp finish
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The invention relates to a filament yarn of aromatic polyamides which is impregnated with solid particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite. The solid particles are incorporated into the yarn by very uni-formly distributing them over the filaments in that the solid particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion and the yarn is subjected to a blowing treatment while feeding them at an excess feed rate or not.
The yarn thus impregnated is first of all intended to be processed into a packing material or rope.
The invention relates to a filament yarn of aromatic polyamides which is impregnated with solid particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite. The solid particles are incorporated into the yarn by very uni-formly distributing them over the filaments in that the solid particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion and the yarn is subjected to a blowing treatment while feeding them at an excess feed rate or not.
The yarn thus impregnated is first of all intended to be processed into a packing material or rope.
Description
'7~
The present invention relates to a yarn made from wholly aromatic polyamides, which yarn is impregnated with a dispersion containing solid, lubricating particles, such as particles of fluorine-containing polymers and/or graphite. The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of such yarn, and packing material, for instance stuffing box packing, containing said yarn.
A yarn of the type indicated above is disclosed in V.S.
Patent No., 4,371,180, which describes packing composed of ~rai-ded inorganic yarns, preferably of glass, and of braided organic yarns, preferable of polytetrafluoroethylene or wholly aromatic polyamide~. Before or after being bra1ded, the yarn may be imp-regnated with a dispersion of solid particles of a fluorine-con-taining polymer and starch. The dispersion containing a poly-tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles contributes considerably to the sealing properties of the end product in the form of packing material. Although the results obtained with the packing mate-rial disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,371,180 are reasonable, the pre~
sent invention makes lt possible to improve on these results.
According to the present invention a yarn of the above type from wholly aromatic polyamides has been developed in the first place for use in packing material, which yarn is built up of a great many endless filaments on which the solid particles are present and over which the solid particles are distributed by sub~ecting the yarn to a blowing treatment in the wet state in particular in fluid jet process. In that process the filaments are generally entangled and interlaced. According to the inven-tion the solid particles may consist of a fluorine-containing polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene or of graphite. Alter-natively, however, use may be made of a mixture of solid par-ticles of a fluorine-containing polymer and of graphite. The wet yarn sub~ected to a blowing treatment according to the invention has a voluminous character, which renders the yarn accordlng to the invention particularly suitable for taking up a lubricant.
-- a. --.~ ~¢
\~ ~z~ s Owing to its voluminous character the yarn will readily absorb a large amount of lubricant, which makes the yarn according to the invention partlcularly suitable to be formed into a packing mate-rial. AS lubricants commonly used in the -- aa -, _ 3 _ ~ ~t~ ~ 75 AK~ 1906 R
- pressure and, possibly, a chemically agressive medium. Further, as a result of the uniform distrlbution of the PTFE particleg over practically all the filaments of the yarn only a relatively small amount of PTFE particles is needed for this yarn of the present invention to be made into a satisfac-torily sealing packing material. Another advantage of the uniform distrlbu-tion of the PTFE particles in the yarn according to the invention consists in that the packing into which the yarn is braided need not be additional-ly impregnated with a PTFE particles-containing dispersion.
The yarn according to the invention has been especially developed and made suitable to be worked up into a packing material, such as stuffing box packing, which is widely used in machine construction for the sealing of rotating shafts and reciprocating parts. In the manufacture of packing material a number of yarns of the invention impregnated with PTFE and/or graphite particles can be braided together on a packing braiding machine to form a packing material which may for instance have a rectangular cross-section. The braided packing material is generally impregnated with a lubricating agent, such as a special oil, fat or other substances required in view of the use of the packing material. In the completed packing mate-rial according to the invention the proport:on by weight of solid parti-cles, calculated on the dry weight of the aramid yarn without solid par-ticles, may be lower than 60%, and is preferably 10 to 45%. The invention particularly comprises a packing material of aromatic polyamide yarn im pregnated with solid PTFE and/or graphite particles, which packing mate-rial is characterized in that it contains a fairly large amount of said lubricating agent, viz. an amount of 20 to 50% by weight, preferably about 2570 by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn provided with solid particles.
A simple and effective method of manufacturing the yarn according to the invention,compri~ing the application to the yarn of a dispersion of solid particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite,is characterized in that whilst in the wet state the yarn is subJected to a blowing process using a fluid under pressure, such as air, as a result of which the solid particles are distributed over the filaments and the filaments are general-ly inter-entangled and braided. According to a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention the yarn is subjected to a blowing pro-cess after the dispersion of solid particles of a fluorine-containing e~
polymer and/or graphite particles-containing dispersion has been applied to the yarn. Alternatively, according to the invention, the dispersion of particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite may be direct-ly blown onto the yarn whlle belng fed to lt under pressure. In the blow-S ing process air i5 used at an absolute pressure of 3 to lO bar.
According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention the, preferably positively charged, PTFE are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion whose composition may substantially be as follows:
~ 45 to 75% by weight of PTFE particles, preferably about 58% by weight;
. 50 to ~0% by weight of water, preferably about 40% by weight;
not more than 5% by weight of a wetting agent based on alkylphenoxyetha-nol, preferably about 3,5% by weight.
The graphite particles are also applied from an aqueous dispersion, which may contain, for instance, about 18% by weight of graphite and 82% by weight of water and a nonionic wetting agent.
Particularly favourable results may be obtained when the PTFE and/or gra-phite particles are applied to the yarn from said dispersion with the aid of a kiss roll. Optionally, the PTFE and/or graphite particles may be ap-plied to the yarn by passing it through a bath of said dispersion.
According to the invention the yarn is fed to the blowing process at a rate in excess of that at which it is withdrawn therefrom of at least 1%, pre-ferably about 3% to 6%. According to the invention, however, a satisfac-tory distribution of the solid particles over practically all the filaments of the yarn also may be obtained when the yarn is subjected to the blowing process without using an excess feed rate. In the process in which no ex-cess feed rate is used the yarn may be passed through the blowing zone practically without any tension. Furthermore, the yarn according to the invention is particularly suitable to be used in the manufacture of rope having an outer diameter of, for example 3 to 100 mm, such as marine rope, hoisting rope and the like,which rope is built up of two or more strands by laying or braiding. According to the invention the yarn to be incorporated in such rope contains less than 10% by weight, preferably about 5% by weight of solid particles.
_ 5 _ ~Z5~ 7 ~ AK~ 1906 R
- The invention will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying sche- matic drawing.
Figure 1 shows an apparatus for applying PTFE particles to the yarn before the blowing process.
Fig. 2 shows a somewha~ modified apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the process is started from 5 packages 1 of non-twisted aramid filament yarn. The aramid yarn 2 of each of the packages has 1000 filaments and a linear density of tex 168 and contains about 0,8% of a finish applied to the yarn during spinning. The five ara-mid filament yarns 2 are assembled by the schematically indicated yarn guide 3 and drawn off from the starting packages 1 by the driven rolls 4,5. The assembled yarn is subsequently run over the kissing roll 7 rotat-ing in an aqueous dispersion 8. The assembled filament yarn thus wetted and provided with PTFE and/or graphite particles i3 fed to a blow box 9 containing an air nozzle 10 at a rate in excess of the rate at which it is withdrawn from the blow box. The nozzle 10 may be of the type as indicated in US 3 302 386. The blown and impregnated yarn is discharged from the blow box 9 over a pair of driven pulling-off rolls 11,12 which have such a lower circumferential speed than the feed rolls 415 as to ensure that the yarn is fed to the air nozzle 10 at a sufficiently high excess feed rate.
After leaving the heated pulling-off rolls 11,12 the dried yarn may still be lubricated, if desired, and subsequently wound into a package.
In the blow box 9 the assembled yarn 5x168 composed of 5 basic yarns 2 is treated with air at an absolute pressure of 5 bar, the yarn being fed at an excess rate of 3%. Alternatively, the assembled yarn may be made up of 10 basic yarns. Such assembled lOx168 tex yarn is treated in the blow box 9 with air fed at an absolute pressure of 10 bar, the excess feed rate of the yarn being 60%. When the yarn is treated without applying an excess feed rate, it may be fed to and discharged from the blowing zone at a speed of 60 min/min.
Fig. 2 shows a somewhat modified embodiment of the apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention. The untreated aramid yarn 13 is fed by a pair of rolls 14 at a particular speed desired. After leaving the rolls 14 the yarn is passed through a bath 15 containing an aqueous disper-sion of PTFE and/or graphite particles. In the bath the yarn is passed over two or more guide rolls (not shown in the drawing). After leaving the bath - 6 ~ AKU lgO6 R
- 15 the yarn passes upwards through a feed pipe 17 ending in a blow box 18.In the blow box 18 there is again a noz~le (not ghown) of the type describ-ed in US 3 302 386. The advantage of ~he feed pipe 17 i9 that excess dis-persion not entralned by the yarn and blown off from the yarn flows back into the bath through said pipe 17. After having been subjected to the blowing treatment, the impregnated yarn 19 leaves the blow box 18 through the outlet opening 20. The yarn is withdrawn from the blow box 18 by the driven roll 24 with separator roll 21. The roll 24 may be heated for drying the yarn. The yarn thus impregnated and dried may be formed into a package via a traverse mechanism 22. The circumferentlal speed of the roll 24 is 0 lower than that of the rolls 14~ so that the yarn is passed through the blow bo~ at the particular excess feed rate desired.
It has been found that with the process given in Figure 1 favourable re-sults may be obtained, i.e., viewed in cross-section of the yarn the PTFE
particles are very uniformly distributed over practically all the fila-ments mainly under the following process conditions:circumferential speed of the kissing roll: 42 m/min;
circumferential speed of the rolls 4,5: 59,5 m/min (yarn feed rate);
circumferential speed of the rolls 11,12: 58 m/min (yarn discharge rate);
overfeed of the yarn at the nozzle: 59~5-58.100% = 2,5%
absolute pressure of the blow air: 3 to 4 bar;
composition of dispersion : 56,5% by weight of PTFE particles, 40% by weight of water and 3,5% by weight of wetting agent of the Triton X 100 type, which is a commercially available wetting agent based on alkylphenoxy ethanol.
The dispersion used is of the type marketed by ICI under the name Fluon;
the PTFE particles in it carry a negative electric charge. In the process of the invention, however, also other dispersions may be appliet. Use may advantageously be made of dispersions in which the particles of the fluoro-carbon compound, more particularly polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), carry apositive electric charge. These last-mentioned dispersions are elaborately _ 7 _ ~2~ 5 AXU 190o R
~ ~ described in DE 26 ~4 152. Vse of a dispersion containing posltively charged PTFE particles is expected to lead to an even better adhesion of these particles to the filaments of the yarn.
It should be added that the excess feed rate used in the wet-blowing pro-cess of the present invention is of great influence on the structure of the yarn. Particularly the interentanglement or interlacement of the fila-ments is very much dependent on the excess feed rate. At an the excess feed rate of as low as 1% the non-twist2d yarn loses its smooth appear-ance and becomes somewhat bulky or textured as a result of the interen-tanglement and/or interlacement of the filaments and the formation of 0 loops in one or more filaments. The interentanglement and interlacement of the filaments of a yarn and the manufacture of a yarn having a multitude of loops are known in themselves from the textile art and are described in US 3 302 386 and US 2 783 609. The interentanglement and interlacement of the filaments of a yarn with the aid of a blowing process and using an excess feed rate of the yarn imparts a voluminous character to the yarn. A
high excess feed rate renders the yarn very bulky. The yarn wetted with a PTFE and/or graphite dispersion and subjected to a blowing treatment has a voluminous character, which is influenced by the degree of impregnation with solid particles. Impregnation of the yarn with a higher percentage of PTFE partlcles is attended with a lower voluminous character as a result of the adhesion of the PTFE particles to the yarn; in other words, the degree of impregnation to be chosen depends on the voluminous character desired.
In the manufacture of the yarn according to the invention the preferred ex-cess feed rate is in the range of 3% to 6%, which results in a yarn having a more or less loopy character. The presence of internal and/or external loops formed in one or more filaments of the yarn and the resulting bulky appearance is characteristic of a particular embodiment of the yarn accord-ing to the invention. Particularly surprising is that already a fairly low excess feed rate of 3% results in a sufficiently voluminous yarn which is excellently suitable to be further proces~ed into a packing material. How-ever, even in the case of a yarn subjected to a blowing process without using an excess feed rate a particularly uniform distribution of the PTFE
and/or graphite particles over practically all the filaments of the yarn is - 8 - ~ 7 ~5 AKV 1906 R
- obtained. The blowing process constitutes an essential element of the ln-vention with a view to obtaining a very good distribution of the solid particles over the filaments of the yarn.
Also a smooth, non-air blown aramid filament yarn can be treated with a PTFE particles-containing dispersion, use being made of an applicator roll or impregnation. Experiments, however, have demonstrated that in that case the PTFE particles will stick to the outer circumference of the yarn in the form of variously sized lumps, as can be seen on a highly enlarged photograph of a cross-section of the yarn. Such a photograph also shows that hardly any PTFE particles at all are stuck to the filaments that are within the circumference of the yarn. Therefore, a non-air treated aramid filament yarn cannot be evenly impregnated with PTFE particles and is less suitable to be worked up into a packing maeerial.
The afore-mentioned absorption capacity of the yarn mentioned hereinbefore with regard to lubricants, such a paraffin oil, silicone oil, molybdenum disulphide or the like is referred to as oil absorption capacity and is determined as follows: An one metre long piece of aramid filament yarn im-pregnated beforehand with PTFE particles is impregnated with paraffin oil having a viscosity of 72 centipoises (measured by the Brookfield method) by dipping the yarn in a tray with paraffin oil at room temperature, after which the tray is kept in a vacuum chamber for 15 minutes. The yarn thus impregnated is suspended by its one end in such a way that the paraffin oil which cannot be retained by the yarn can drip off at its other, free end.
The amount of paraffin oil absorbed, which is a measure of said oil absorp-tion capacity, is determined ~y weighing. The second weighing of the oil-impregnated yarn is carried out as soon as there can no longer be observed any dripping at the free end of the yarn after at least 24 hours. To de-termine the oil absorption capacity the first weighing i9 carried out on said l m long piece of yarn while still dry and impregnated with PTFE
and/or graphite particles.
Assume the result of the first weighing to be A units of weight (- dry yarn ~ PTFE and/or graphite particle~).
Assume the result of the second weighing to be B units of weight (= dry yarn + PTFE and/or graphite particles + paraffin oil). The oil absorption capacity C envisaged in accordance with the invention can be calculated then from the formula ~ 5 AKU 1906 R
., 7 C% ~ ~-A 100%.
If the re3ults A snd B of the flrst and the gecond weighlngs ara, for in-stanc~, 1000 and 1350 weight units, re~pectively, then C ~ 1350-1000 .100% - 35 weight%.
It should be added that by dry aromatic polyamide yarn mentioned in vari-OU9 places in the description is to be understood an aramid yarn which i9 dried at 100C to a moisture content of 6% by weight. Said moisture con-tent is defined at 20C and 65% relativ~ humidity.
The term wholly aromatic polyamides as u3ed with legard to the present in-vention refers to polyamides which are entirely or substantially built up of recurrent units of the general formula - 7 - A~ 2 ~ ~ - I - and/or - C - A3- N -wherein Al, A2 and A3 represent different or the same divalent, one or more aromatic rings-containing rigid radicals which may also contain a heterocyclic ring, of which radicals the chain extending bonds are in the position para to each other or are parallel and oppositely directed. Exam-ples of these radicalY include 1,4-phenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene, 1,5-naph-thylene and 2,6-naphthylene.
They may contain substituent3 or not, e.g. halogen atoms or alkyl groups.
As regards the composition of the aramids it should be added that they may optionally contain up to 35 mole % of other groups, such as m-phenylene groups, non-rigid groups, such as alkyl groups, or ather groups, urea groups or ester groups. As examples,of aramids may be mentioned poly-p-benzamide, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide and their copolymers. According to the invention it is preferred that use should be made of yarns of poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPDT).
Of the fluorine-containing compounds that may advantageously be used for the yarn according to the invention may be mentioned: polytetrafluoroethyl-ene (PTFE), polyhexafluoropropylene, polychlorotrifluoroethene, polyvinyl-idene fluoride, tetrafluoroethene hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene ~Z~ 7~75 fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorosllicone elasto-mers, polyfluoroaniline, tetrafluoroethene trifluoronitrosome-thane copolymer, graphite fluoride, etc.
It should be added that DE 23 26 826 describes a blen-ded yarn consisting of 50-80% by weight of PTFE filaments and 50-20% by weight of aromatic polyamide filaments. Said blended yarn is coated with fine PTFE particles and may in the braided form be used as packing material. Before these two yarns are coated with 10 PTFE particles, they must be assembled, which may opt1Onally be effected by the blowing process described in U.S. Patent No.
3,110 151. This blowing process results in a smooth yarn free of loops and therefore not bulky or textured. Coating such a yarn with PTFE particles will consequently result in these particles being practically entirely present on the outside of the yarn.
Further~ considering that the yarn according to DE 23 26 826 is a blend of two yarns having widely different properties, it is less homogeneous than a yarn of one and the same material.
Reference is also made to EP 0 032 744, which discloses a wholly aromatic polyamide yarn provided with a fluoro com-pounds-containing polymer~ In that case the fluoro compound is not present on the fibres ~n the form of separate particles, but in the form of a continuous coating. As the PTFE is not present then on the fibres in the form of separate particles, this known yarn is not suitable to be used as packing yarn.
Further reference is made to Canadlan Patent No, 995 288 issued 17 August 1976 to Deering Milliken Research Corpora-tion described a hovercraft skirt containing an elastomer coated fabric composed of looped yarn textured by air under pressure, which yarns preferably consist of wholly aromatic polyamides.
Therefore, looped yarns of aramids textured under air pressure are known in themselves from Canadian Patent No. 955 288, but their field of application is entirely different and they are not at all meant to be used in combination with PTFE particles.
" ~Zs2~75 Within the scope of the invention various modifications may be made.
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The present invention relates to a yarn made from wholly aromatic polyamides, which yarn is impregnated with a dispersion containing solid, lubricating particles, such as particles of fluorine-containing polymers and/or graphite. The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of such yarn, and packing material, for instance stuffing box packing, containing said yarn.
A yarn of the type indicated above is disclosed in V.S.
Patent No., 4,371,180, which describes packing composed of ~rai-ded inorganic yarns, preferably of glass, and of braided organic yarns, preferable of polytetrafluoroethylene or wholly aromatic polyamide~. Before or after being bra1ded, the yarn may be imp-regnated with a dispersion of solid particles of a fluorine-con-taining polymer and starch. The dispersion containing a poly-tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles contributes considerably to the sealing properties of the end product in the form of packing material. Although the results obtained with the packing mate-rial disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,371,180 are reasonable, the pre~
sent invention makes lt possible to improve on these results.
According to the present invention a yarn of the above type from wholly aromatic polyamides has been developed in the first place for use in packing material, which yarn is built up of a great many endless filaments on which the solid particles are present and over which the solid particles are distributed by sub~ecting the yarn to a blowing treatment in the wet state in particular in fluid jet process. In that process the filaments are generally entangled and interlaced. According to the inven-tion the solid particles may consist of a fluorine-containing polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene or of graphite. Alter-natively, however, use may be made of a mixture of solid par-ticles of a fluorine-containing polymer and of graphite. The wet yarn sub~ected to a blowing treatment according to the invention has a voluminous character, which renders the yarn accordlng to the invention particularly suitable for taking up a lubricant.
-- a. --.~ ~¢
\~ ~z~ s Owing to its voluminous character the yarn will readily absorb a large amount of lubricant, which makes the yarn according to the invention partlcularly suitable to be formed into a packing mate-rial. AS lubricants commonly used in the -- aa -, _ 3 _ ~ ~t~ ~ 75 AK~ 1906 R
- pressure and, possibly, a chemically agressive medium. Further, as a result of the uniform distrlbution of the PTFE particleg over practically all the filaments of the yarn only a relatively small amount of PTFE particles is needed for this yarn of the present invention to be made into a satisfac-torily sealing packing material. Another advantage of the uniform distrlbu-tion of the PTFE particles in the yarn according to the invention consists in that the packing into which the yarn is braided need not be additional-ly impregnated with a PTFE particles-containing dispersion.
The yarn according to the invention has been especially developed and made suitable to be worked up into a packing material, such as stuffing box packing, which is widely used in machine construction for the sealing of rotating shafts and reciprocating parts. In the manufacture of packing material a number of yarns of the invention impregnated with PTFE and/or graphite particles can be braided together on a packing braiding machine to form a packing material which may for instance have a rectangular cross-section. The braided packing material is generally impregnated with a lubricating agent, such as a special oil, fat or other substances required in view of the use of the packing material. In the completed packing mate-rial according to the invention the proport:on by weight of solid parti-cles, calculated on the dry weight of the aramid yarn without solid par-ticles, may be lower than 60%, and is preferably 10 to 45%. The invention particularly comprises a packing material of aromatic polyamide yarn im pregnated with solid PTFE and/or graphite particles, which packing mate-rial is characterized in that it contains a fairly large amount of said lubricating agent, viz. an amount of 20 to 50% by weight, preferably about 2570 by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn provided with solid particles.
A simple and effective method of manufacturing the yarn according to the invention,compri~ing the application to the yarn of a dispersion of solid particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite,is characterized in that whilst in the wet state the yarn is subJected to a blowing process using a fluid under pressure, such as air, as a result of which the solid particles are distributed over the filaments and the filaments are general-ly inter-entangled and braided. According to a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention the yarn is subjected to a blowing pro-cess after the dispersion of solid particles of a fluorine-containing e~
polymer and/or graphite particles-containing dispersion has been applied to the yarn. Alternatively, according to the invention, the dispersion of particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and/or graphite may be direct-ly blown onto the yarn whlle belng fed to lt under pressure. In the blow-S ing process air i5 used at an absolute pressure of 3 to lO bar.
According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention the, preferably positively charged, PTFE are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion whose composition may substantially be as follows:
~ 45 to 75% by weight of PTFE particles, preferably about 58% by weight;
. 50 to ~0% by weight of water, preferably about 40% by weight;
not more than 5% by weight of a wetting agent based on alkylphenoxyetha-nol, preferably about 3,5% by weight.
The graphite particles are also applied from an aqueous dispersion, which may contain, for instance, about 18% by weight of graphite and 82% by weight of water and a nonionic wetting agent.
Particularly favourable results may be obtained when the PTFE and/or gra-phite particles are applied to the yarn from said dispersion with the aid of a kiss roll. Optionally, the PTFE and/or graphite particles may be ap-plied to the yarn by passing it through a bath of said dispersion.
According to the invention the yarn is fed to the blowing process at a rate in excess of that at which it is withdrawn therefrom of at least 1%, pre-ferably about 3% to 6%. According to the invention, however, a satisfac-tory distribution of the solid particles over practically all the filaments of the yarn also may be obtained when the yarn is subjected to the blowing process without using an excess feed rate. In the process in which no ex-cess feed rate is used the yarn may be passed through the blowing zone practically without any tension. Furthermore, the yarn according to the invention is particularly suitable to be used in the manufacture of rope having an outer diameter of, for example 3 to 100 mm, such as marine rope, hoisting rope and the like,which rope is built up of two or more strands by laying or braiding. According to the invention the yarn to be incorporated in such rope contains less than 10% by weight, preferably about 5% by weight of solid particles.
_ 5 _ ~Z5~ 7 ~ AK~ 1906 R
- The invention will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying sche- matic drawing.
Figure 1 shows an apparatus for applying PTFE particles to the yarn before the blowing process.
Fig. 2 shows a somewha~ modified apparatus for carrying out the process of the invention.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1 the process is started from 5 packages 1 of non-twisted aramid filament yarn. The aramid yarn 2 of each of the packages has 1000 filaments and a linear density of tex 168 and contains about 0,8% of a finish applied to the yarn during spinning. The five ara-mid filament yarns 2 are assembled by the schematically indicated yarn guide 3 and drawn off from the starting packages 1 by the driven rolls 4,5. The assembled yarn is subsequently run over the kissing roll 7 rotat-ing in an aqueous dispersion 8. The assembled filament yarn thus wetted and provided with PTFE and/or graphite particles i3 fed to a blow box 9 containing an air nozzle 10 at a rate in excess of the rate at which it is withdrawn from the blow box. The nozzle 10 may be of the type as indicated in US 3 302 386. The blown and impregnated yarn is discharged from the blow box 9 over a pair of driven pulling-off rolls 11,12 which have such a lower circumferential speed than the feed rolls 415 as to ensure that the yarn is fed to the air nozzle 10 at a sufficiently high excess feed rate.
After leaving the heated pulling-off rolls 11,12 the dried yarn may still be lubricated, if desired, and subsequently wound into a package.
In the blow box 9 the assembled yarn 5x168 composed of 5 basic yarns 2 is treated with air at an absolute pressure of 5 bar, the yarn being fed at an excess rate of 3%. Alternatively, the assembled yarn may be made up of 10 basic yarns. Such assembled lOx168 tex yarn is treated in the blow box 9 with air fed at an absolute pressure of 10 bar, the excess feed rate of the yarn being 60%. When the yarn is treated without applying an excess feed rate, it may be fed to and discharged from the blowing zone at a speed of 60 min/min.
Fig. 2 shows a somewhat modified embodiment of the apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention. The untreated aramid yarn 13 is fed by a pair of rolls 14 at a particular speed desired. After leaving the rolls 14 the yarn is passed through a bath 15 containing an aqueous disper-sion of PTFE and/or graphite particles. In the bath the yarn is passed over two or more guide rolls (not shown in the drawing). After leaving the bath - 6 ~ AKU lgO6 R
- 15 the yarn passes upwards through a feed pipe 17 ending in a blow box 18.In the blow box 18 there is again a noz~le (not ghown) of the type describ-ed in US 3 302 386. The advantage of ~he feed pipe 17 i9 that excess dis-persion not entralned by the yarn and blown off from the yarn flows back into the bath through said pipe 17. After having been subjected to the blowing treatment, the impregnated yarn 19 leaves the blow box 18 through the outlet opening 20. The yarn is withdrawn from the blow box 18 by the driven roll 24 with separator roll 21. The roll 24 may be heated for drying the yarn. The yarn thus impregnated and dried may be formed into a package via a traverse mechanism 22. The circumferentlal speed of the roll 24 is 0 lower than that of the rolls 14~ so that the yarn is passed through the blow bo~ at the particular excess feed rate desired.
It has been found that with the process given in Figure 1 favourable re-sults may be obtained, i.e., viewed in cross-section of the yarn the PTFE
particles are very uniformly distributed over practically all the fila-ments mainly under the following process conditions:circumferential speed of the kissing roll: 42 m/min;
circumferential speed of the rolls 4,5: 59,5 m/min (yarn feed rate);
circumferential speed of the rolls 11,12: 58 m/min (yarn discharge rate);
overfeed of the yarn at the nozzle: 59~5-58.100% = 2,5%
absolute pressure of the blow air: 3 to 4 bar;
composition of dispersion : 56,5% by weight of PTFE particles, 40% by weight of water and 3,5% by weight of wetting agent of the Triton X 100 type, which is a commercially available wetting agent based on alkylphenoxy ethanol.
The dispersion used is of the type marketed by ICI under the name Fluon;
the PTFE particles in it carry a negative electric charge. In the process of the invention, however, also other dispersions may be appliet. Use may advantageously be made of dispersions in which the particles of the fluoro-carbon compound, more particularly polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), carry apositive electric charge. These last-mentioned dispersions are elaborately _ 7 _ ~2~ 5 AXU 190o R
~ ~ described in DE 26 ~4 152. Vse of a dispersion containing posltively charged PTFE particles is expected to lead to an even better adhesion of these particles to the filaments of the yarn.
It should be added that the excess feed rate used in the wet-blowing pro-cess of the present invention is of great influence on the structure of the yarn. Particularly the interentanglement or interlacement of the fila-ments is very much dependent on the excess feed rate. At an the excess feed rate of as low as 1% the non-twist2d yarn loses its smooth appear-ance and becomes somewhat bulky or textured as a result of the interen-tanglement and/or interlacement of the filaments and the formation of 0 loops in one or more filaments. The interentanglement and interlacement of the filaments of a yarn and the manufacture of a yarn having a multitude of loops are known in themselves from the textile art and are described in US 3 302 386 and US 2 783 609. The interentanglement and interlacement of the filaments of a yarn with the aid of a blowing process and using an excess feed rate of the yarn imparts a voluminous character to the yarn. A
high excess feed rate renders the yarn very bulky. The yarn wetted with a PTFE and/or graphite dispersion and subjected to a blowing treatment has a voluminous character, which is influenced by the degree of impregnation with solid particles. Impregnation of the yarn with a higher percentage of PTFE partlcles is attended with a lower voluminous character as a result of the adhesion of the PTFE particles to the yarn; in other words, the degree of impregnation to be chosen depends on the voluminous character desired.
In the manufacture of the yarn according to the invention the preferred ex-cess feed rate is in the range of 3% to 6%, which results in a yarn having a more or less loopy character. The presence of internal and/or external loops formed in one or more filaments of the yarn and the resulting bulky appearance is characteristic of a particular embodiment of the yarn accord-ing to the invention. Particularly surprising is that already a fairly low excess feed rate of 3% results in a sufficiently voluminous yarn which is excellently suitable to be further proces~ed into a packing material. How-ever, even in the case of a yarn subjected to a blowing process without using an excess feed rate a particularly uniform distribution of the PTFE
and/or graphite particles over practically all the filaments of the yarn is - 8 - ~ 7 ~5 AKV 1906 R
- obtained. The blowing process constitutes an essential element of the ln-vention with a view to obtaining a very good distribution of the solid particles over the filaments of the yarn.
Also a smooth, non-air blown aramid filament yarn can be treated with a PTFE particles-containing dispersion, use being made of an applicator roll or impregnation. Experiments, however, have demonstrated that in that case the PTFE particles will stick to the outer circumference of the yarn in the form of variously sized lumps, as can be seen on a highly enlarged photograph of a cross-section of the yarn. Such a photograph also shows that hardly any PTFE particles at all are stuck to the filaments that are within the circumference of the yarn. Therefore, a non-air treated aramid filament yarn cannot be evenly impregnated with PTFE particles and is less suitable to be worked up into a packing maeerial.
The afore-mentioned absorption capacity of the yarn mentioned hereinbefore with regard to lubricants, such a paraffin oil, silicone oil, molybdenum disulphide or the like is referred to as oil absorption capacity and is determined as follows: An one metre long piece of aramid filament yarn im-pregnated beforehand with PTFE particles is impregnated with paraffin oil having a viscosity of 72 centipoises (measured by the Brookfield method) by dipping the yarn in a tray with paraffin oil at room temperature, after which the tray is kept in a vacuum chamber for 15 minutes. The yarn thus impregnated is suspended by its one end in such a way that the paraffin oil which cannot be retained by the yarn can drip off at its other, free end.
The amount of paraffin oil absorbed, which is a measure of said oil absorp-tion capacity, is determined ~y weighing. The second weighing of the oil-impregnated yarn is carried out as soon as there can no longer be observed any dripping at the free end of the yarn after at least 24 hours. To de-termine the oil absorption capacity the first weighing i9 carried out on said l m long piece of yarn while still dry and impregnated with PTFE
and/or graphite particles.
Assume the result of the first weighing to be A units of weight (- dry yarn ~ PTFE and/or graphite particle~).
Assume the result of the second weighing to be B units of weight (= dry yarn + PTFE and/or graphite particles + paraffin oil). The oil absorption capacity C envisaged in accordance with the invention can be calculated then from the formula ~ 5 AKU 1906 R
., 7 C% ~ ~-A 100%.
If the re3ults A snd B of the flrst and the gecond weighlngs ara, for in-stanc~, 1000 and 1350 weight units, re~pectively, then C ~ 1350-1000 .100% - 35 weight%.
It should be added that by dry aromatic polyamide yarn mentioned in vari-OU9 places in the description is to be understood an aramid yarn which i9 dried at 100C to a moisture content of 6% by weight. Said moisture con-tent is defined at 20C and 65% relativ~ humidity.
The term wholly aromatic polyamides as u3ed with legard to the present in-vention refers to polyamides which are entirely or substantially built up of recurrent units of the general formula - 7 - A~ 2 ~ ~ - I - and/or - C - A3- N -wherein Al, A2 and A3 represent different or the same divalent, one or more aromatic rings-containing rigid radicals which may also contain a heterocyclic ring, of which radicals the chain extending bonds are in the position para to each other or are parallel and oppositely directed. Exam-ples of these radicalY include 1,4-phenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene, 1,5-naph-thylene and 2,6-naphthylene.
They may contain substituent3 or not, e.g. halogen atoms or alkyl groups.
As regards the composition of the aramids it should be added that they may optionally contain up to 35 mole % of other groups, such as m-phenylene groups, non-rigid groups, such as alkyl groups, or ather groups, urea groups or ester groups. As examples,of aramids may be mentioned poly-p-benzamide, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide and their copolymers. According to the invention it is preferred that use should be made of yarns of poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPDT).
Of the fluorine-containing compounds that may advantageously be used for the yarn according to the invention may be mentioned: polytetrafluoroethyl-ene (PTFE), polyhexafluoropropylene, polychlorotrifluoroethene, polyvinyl-idene fluoride, tetrafluoroethene hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene ~Z~ 7~75 fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, fluorosllicone elasto-mers, polyfluoroaniline, tetrafluoroethene trifluoronitrosome-thane copolymer, graphite fluoride, etc.
It should be added that DE 23 26 826 describes a blen-ded yarn consisting of 50-80% by weight of PTFE filaments and 50-20% by weight of aromatic polyamide filaments. Said blended yarn is coated with fine PTFE particles and may in the braided form be used as packing material. Before these two yarns are coated with 10 PTFE particles, they must be assembled, which may opt1Onally be effected by the blowing process described in U.S. Patent No.
3,110 151. This blowing process results in a smooth yarn free of loops and therefore not bulky or textured. Coating such a yarn with PTFE particles will consequently result in these particles being practically entirely present on the outside of the yarn.
Further~ considering that the yarn according to DE 23 26 826 is a blend of two yarns having widely different properties, it is less homogeneous than a yarn of one and the same material.
Reference is also made to EP 0 032 744, which discloses a wholly aromatic polyamide yarn provided with a fluoro com-pounds-containing polymer~ In that case the fluoro compound is not present on the fibres ~n the form of separate particles, but in the form of a continuous coating. As the PTFE is not present then on the fibres in the form of separate particles, this known yarn is not suitable to be used as packing yarn.
Further reference is made to Canadlan Patent No, 995 288 issued 17 August 1976 to Deering Milliken Research Corpora-tion described a hovercraft skirt containing an elastomer coated fabric composed of looped yarn textured by air under pressure, which yarns preferably consist of wholly aromatic polyamides.
Therefore, looped yarns of aramids textured under air pressure are known in themselves from Canadian Patent No. 955 288, but their field of application is entirely different and they are not at all meant to be used in combination with PTFE particles.
" ~Zs2~75 Within the scope of the invention various modifications may be made.
' . ~
.. ' ~ ~.
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... , : , ' :` ' ':,
Claims (41)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A packing yarn made from wholly aromatic polyamides, which yarn is impregnated with a dispersion containing solid lubricating particles, which are selected from particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and graphite particles, the yarn being built up of a great many endless filaments on which the solid particles are distributed and wherein the yarn is an entangled yarn interlaced by a fluid-jet process.
2. A packing yarn according to claim 1, wherein the yarn is a voluminous entangled yarn interlaced by a fluid-jet process.
3. A packing yarn according to claim 2, wherein the yarn is a voluminous entangled yarn interlaced by a fluid-jet process and the yarn has a great many loops.
4. A yarn made from wholly aromatic polyamides, which yarn is impregnated with a dispersion containing solid lubrica-ting particles, which are selected from particles of a fluorine-containing polymer and graphite particles, the yarn being built up of a great many endless filaments on which the solid particles are present and over which the solid particles are distributed by subjecting the yarn to a blowing treatment whilst in the wet state.
5. A yarn according to claim 4, in which the filaments are interentangled and interlaced.
6. A yarn according to claim 5, in which the yarn is so structured that the absorption capacity for a lubricant of the solid particles-containing yarn is in the range of 20 to 50 per-cent by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn provided with solid particles.
7. A yarn according to claim 4, which has a great many loops formed in one or more filaments.
8. A yarn according to claim 7, which has both inter-nal loops and loops projecting from it.
9. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, which contains 1,000 to 20,000 filaments, and the linear density of the yarn is in the range of tex 150 to 3,000.
10. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, which contains less than 60% by weight of solid particles, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn without solid particles.
11. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, in which the solid particles are so evenly applied to the yarn that measured in a random cross-section of the yarn at least 30% of the number of filaments are provided with one or more of said particles.
12. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, in which the solid particles are so evenly applied to the yarn that measured in a random cross-section of the yarn at least 70 to 100% of the number of filaments are provided with one or more of said par-ticles.
13. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, in which the size of 80% of the solid particles is less than 1µm.
14. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, which containing 1,000 to 20,000 filaments, and the linear density of the yarn is in the range of tex 150 to 3,000 and which contains 10-45% by weight of solid particles, calculated on the dry weight of the yarn without solid particles.
15. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, which contains about 5,000 filaments and has a linear density of about tex 850 and which contains about 30% by weight of solid particles, cal-culated on the dry weight of the yarn without solid particles.
16. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, which contains less than 10% by weight of solid particles, calculated on the dry weight of the yarn without solid particles.
17. A yarn according to claim 1 or 4, which contains about 5% by weight of solid particles, calculated on the dry weight of the yarn without solid particles.
18. A packing material which contains the yarn accord-ing to claim 1 or 4.
19. A packing material which contains the yarn accord-ing to claim 1 or 4 and in which the proportion by weight of the solid particles is smaller than 60%, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn without solid particles.
20. A packing material which contains the yarn accor-ding to claim 1 or 4 and in which the proportion by weight of the solid particles is in the range 10 to 45%, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn without solid particles.
21. A packing material which contains the yarn accor-ding to claim 1 or 4 and which contains a lubricating agent in an amount of 20 to 50% by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn of aromatic polyamides provided with solid particles.
22. A packing material which contains the yarn accor-ding to claim 1 or 4 and which contains a lubricating agent in an amount of about 35% by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry yarn of aromatic polyamides provided with solid particles.
23. A packing material which contains the yarn accor-ding to claim 1 or 4 and which contains a lubricating agent selected from paraffin oil, silicone oil and molybdenum disul-phide in an amount of 20 to 50% by weight calculated on the weight of the dry yarn of aromatic polyamides provided with solid particles.
24. Rope built up of two or more strands by laying or braiding the rope being formed of the yarn according to claim 1 or 4.
25. Rope built up of two or more strands by laying or braiding the rope being formed of the yarn according to claim 1 or 4, said yarn containing less than 10% by weight of solid particles, calculated on the dry weight of the yarn without solid particles.
26. Rope built up of two or more strands by laying or braiding the rope being formed of the yarn according to claim 1, 4 or 5, said yarn containing about 5% by weight of solid particles, calculated on the dry weight of the yarn without solid particles.
27. A process for the manufacture of the yarn according to claim 1, comprising the application to the yarn of a disper-sion of solid, lubricating particles, the yarn whilst in the wet state being subjected to a blowing process using a fluid under pressure as a result of which the solid particles are distributed over the filaments.
28. A process according to claim 27, in which the fluid is blown onto the yarn substantially transverse to the direction of movement thereof.
29. A process according to claim 27, in which the yarn is subjected to a blowing treatment after the application to it of the dispersion containing the solid particles.
30. A process according to claim 27, in which the solid particles-containing dispersion is applied to the yarn during the blowing process.
31. A process according to claim 27, in which nega-tively charged solid particles of a fluorine-containing polymer are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion.
32. A process according to claim 27, in which posi-tively charged particles of a fluorine-containing polymer are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion.
33. A process according to claim 31 or 32, in which the composition of the aqueous dispersion is substantially as fol-lows. 45 to 75% by weight of PTFE particles; 50 to 20% by weight of water; and not more than 5% by weight of a wetting agent based on alkylphenoxyethanol.
34. A process according to claim 31 or 32, in which the composition of the aqueous dispersion is substantially as fol-lows: about 58% by weight of PTFE particles; about 40% by weight of water; and about 3.5% by weight of a wetting agent based on alkylphenoxyethanol.
35. A process according to claim 27, in which yarn is fed to the blowing process at a rate in excess of that at which it is withdrawn therefrom.
36. A process according to claim 35, in which the excess feed rate is at least 1%.
37. A process according to claim 35, in which the excess feed rate is about 3% to 6%.
38. A process according to claim 27, in which the yarn is subjected to the blowing process without using an excess feed rate.
39. A process according to claim 27, in which the fluid is air.
40. A process according to claim 27, in which PTFE
and/or graphite particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion with the aid of a kiss roll.
and/or graphite particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion with the aid of a kiss roll.
41. A process according to claim 27, in which PTFE and/
or graphite particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion, in which the yarn is passed through a bath of said aqueous dispersion.
or graphite particles are applied to the yarn from an aqueous dispersion, in which the yarn is passed through a bath of said aqueous dispersion.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8302368 | 1983-07-04 | ||
| NL8302368 | 1983-07-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1252775A true CA1252775A (en) | 1989-04-18 |
Family
ID=19842111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000457953A Expired CA1252775A (en) | 1983-07-04 | 1984-07-03 | Aromatic polyamide yarn impregnated with lubricating particles, a process for the manufacture of such a yarn, and packing material or rope containing this yarn |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0136727B2 (en) |
| JP (2) | JPS6075675A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE28909T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1252775A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3465353D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU613459B2 (en) * | 1988-03-21 | 1991-08-01 | Coltec North Carolina Inc. | Fiber impregnation process and impregnated fiber formed thereby |
Families Citing this family (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0327736A1 (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-16 | Akzo N.V. | Process for the manufacture of packing yarn |
| DE3816318C1 (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1989-11-30 | Amann & Soehne Gmbh & Co, 7124 Boennigheim, De | |
| GB8819873D0 (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1988-09-21 | Westone Prod Ltd | Dental floss & tape |
| JPH0246895U (en) * | 1988-09-27 | 1990-03-30 | ||
| JPH02210071A (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-21 | Teijin Ltd | Fiber structure |
| US5270113A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1993-12-14 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Highly processable aromatic polyamide fibers, their production and use |
| DE3929376C1 (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1991-04-18 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del., Us | |
| GB9003292D0 (en) * | 1990-02-14 | 1990-04-11 | Lisney Kevin P | Dispensing mechanism |
| JP2928571B2 (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1999-08-03 | 帝人株式会社 | Fiber rope |
| JP2557995B2 (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1996-11-27 | 帝人株式会社 | Abrasion resistance improvement treatment agent |
| US5275625A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1994-01-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Surface treated aramid fibers and a process for making them |
| US5298028A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1994-03-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of making a yarn of particulate-impregnated aramid fibers |
| WO2001070855A1 (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2001-09-27 | P-D Tec Fil Gmbh Technische Filamente | Method for producing fiber prepregs |
| DE10211667A1 (en) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-10-02 | P D Tec Fil Gmbh Tech Filament | Textile glass / PTFE fabric |
| DE20210426U1 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2003-11-13 | Coats Deutschland Gmbh | Yarn is equipped with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating |
| DE502005004453D1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2008-07-31 | Diolen Ind Fibers Bv | PROCESS FOR COATING A YARN |
| JP4896433B2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2012-03-14 | 株式会社クラレ | Extra fine melt anisotropic aromatic polyester fiber |
| JP5242913B2 (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2013-07-24 | 帝人株式会社 | High strength rope |
| US20130289531A1 (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-10-31 | Cordis Corporation | Lubricious medical tubing |
| EP3066256B1 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2018-05-30 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Floating linear tension member comprising multiple fibers |
| CN104088139A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-10-08 | 桐乡市濮院毛针织技术服务中心 | Wax for deep-color yarns |
| US11618996B2 (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2023-04-04 | Dupont Safety & Construction, Inc. | Fabric having a cut-resistant coating comprising para-aramid particles |
| CN107345329A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-14 | 太仓市玛雅针织有限公司 | A kind of good composite fibre of pliability |
| CN108866726B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-21 | 江南大学 | Preparation method of thermal expansion yarn |
| CN109706764B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-05-18 | 南通理工学院 | Intelligent manufacturing steel rope oil attaching device |
| TW202206561A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-02-16 | 日商Ａｇｃ股份有限公司 | Sizing agent, sized fibers, prepreg, and dispersion |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2807864A (en) * | 1954-06-24 | 1957-10-01 | Eastman Kodak Co | Composition and process for treating yarn |
| US3827114A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1974-08-06 | Fiber Industries Inc | Process for steam jet texturing a coated yarn |
| JPS6047932B2 (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1985-10-24 | 帝人株式会社 | Method for producing fibers with good defibration properties |
| US4232087A (en) * | 1978-08-03 | 1980-11-04 | Albany International Corp. | Method of coating organic fibers with polytetrafluoroethylene |
| JPS56107073A (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1981-08-25 | Teijin Ltd | Improved all aromatic polyamide fiber and cloth |
| JPS59163425A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1984-09-14 | Teijin Ltd | Surface modification of synthetic fiber |
-
1984
- 1984-06-25 AT AT84200913T patent/ATE28909T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-06-25 DE DE8484200913T patent/DE3465353D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-25 EP EP84200913A patent/EP0136727B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-07-03 CA CA000457953A patent/CA1252775A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-04 JP JP59137385A patent/JPS6075675A/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-06-23 JP JP5174705A patent/JPH0826515B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU613459B2 (en) * | 1988-03-21 | 1991-08-01 | Coltec North Carolina Inc. | Fiber impregnation process and impregnated fiber formed thereby |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0826515B2 (en) | 1996-03-13 |
| EP0136727B2 (en) | 1992-10-07 |
| ATE28909T1 (en) | 1987-08-15 |
| JPH0734382A (en) | 1995-02-03 |
| EP0136727B1 (en) | 1987-08-12 |
| JPS6075675A (en) | 1985-04-30 |
| DE3465353D1 (en) | 1987-09-17 |
| EP0136727A1 (en) | 1985-04-10 |
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