CA1203488A - Desalination device and process - Google Patents
Desalination device and processInfo
- Publication number
- CA1203488A CA1203488A CA000422931A CA422931A CA1203488A CA 1203488 A CA1203488 A CA 1203488A CA 000422931 A CA000422931 A CA 000422931A CA 422931 A CA422931 A CA 422931A CA 1203488 A CA1203488 A CA 1203488A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- feed
- distillate
- sheet
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polytetrafluorethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001944 continuous distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
- B01D61/3641—Membrane distillation comprising multiple membrane distillation steps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
- Y10S159/27—Micropores
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S203/00—Distillation: processes, separatory
- Y10S203/23—Methanol
Landscapes
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/354,140 US4545862A (en) | 1981-03-17 | 1982-03-05 | Desalination device and process |
| US354,140 | 1982-03-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1203488A true CA1203488A (en) | 1986-04-22 |
Family
ID=23392026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000422931A Expired CA1203488A (en) | 1982-03-05 | 1983-03-04 | Desalination device and process |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4545862A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0088315B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS58202089A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE22812T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU554562B2 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE896084A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1203488A (enExample) |
| CH (1) | CH653907A5 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3366846D1 (enExample) |
| DK (1) | DK98783A (enExample) |
| ES (2) | ES8403324A1 (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI78442C (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2522520B1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB2116057B (enExample) |
| GR (1) | GR78460B (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1160503B (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO164280C (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ203476A (enExample) |
| SU (1) | SU1286097A3 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (115)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4769113A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1988-09-06 | Superstill Technology, Inc. | Method for recycling energy in counterflow heat exchange and distillation |
| US4869067A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1989-09-26 | Superstill Corporation | Method of generating power |
| ZA843310B (en) * | 1983-08-10 | 1985-07-31 | Gore & Ass | Survival desalination device |
| DE3345775A1 (de) * | 1983-12-17 | 1985-06-20 | Owens-Illinois, Inc., Toledo, Ohio | Diebstahlsichere packung |
| SE452451B (sv) * | 1984-06-07 | 1987-11-30 | Svenska Utvecklings Ab | Anordning for membrandestillation |
| DE3441190A1 (de) * | 1984-11-10 | 1986-05-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Einrichtung zur trennung von fluessigkeitsgemischen durch pervaporation |
| GR852788B (enExample) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-03-21 | Syrinx Res Pty Ltd | |
| SE447728B (sv) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-08 | Svenska Utvecklings Ab | Destillationsanordning for destillering av vetska innefattande ett membran |
| SE448085B (sv) * | 1985-07-04 | 1987-01-19 | Svenska Utvecklings Ab | Anordning for avsaltning av saltvatten med membrandestillation |
| EP0226216B1 (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1992-05-06 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Distilling apparatus |
| JPS6362504A (ja) * | 1986-09-02 | 1988-03-18 | Mitsubishi Rayon Eng Co Ltd | 有機成分含有水溶液中の有機成分の濃縮方法 |
| US5290403A (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1994-03-01 | Saeaesk Aapo | Liquid evaporating apparatus |
| DE3824839C1 (enExample) * | 1988-07-21 | 1989-10-05 | Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik, 7808 Waldkirch, De | |
| DE68914228T2 (de) * | 1988-09-30 | 1994-08-18 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Vorrichtung für die Trennung von Flüssigkeiten. |
| US4861487A (en) * | 1989-02-08 | 1989-08-29 | Fulk Jr Clyde W | Spiral wound membrane modules and systems with improved feed spacer |
| US5022967A (en) * | 1989-09-18 | 1991-06-11 | Lachat Instruments | Microdistillation apparatus |
| US5034126A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1991-07-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Counter current dual-flow spiral wound dual-pipe membrane separation |
| US5096584A (en) * | 1990-01-29 | 1992-03-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Spiral-wound membrane separation device with feed and permeate/sweep fluid flow control |
| US5102550A (en) * | 1990-11-01 | 1992-04-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus and process for desalination of seawater |
| EP0493869A1 (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-07-08 | Japan Gore-Tex, Inc. | Apparatus for treating water |
| JPH0732841B2 (ja) * | 1991-02-21 | 1995-04-12 | 豊田化学工業株式会社 | 有機溶剤の廃液処理システム |
| CA2108278A1 (en) * | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-05 | Hoo Y. Chung | Porous products manufactured from polytetrafluoroethylene treated with a perfluoroether fluid and methods of manufacturing such products |
| US5268150A (en) * | 1991-12-18 | 1993-12-07 | Corning Incorporated | Concentrator/extractor apparatus having a hydrophobic membrane |
| FR2687660B1 (fr) * | 1992-02-24 | 1994-09-16 | Cogia | Procede et dispositif de demineralisation de l'eau. |
| US5552023A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-09-03 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Recovery of spent deicing fluid |
| AU4124296A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1996-06-26 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast- Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Method and installation for treating a medium |
| NL9500202A (nl) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-09-02 | Tno | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het behandelen van een medium. |
| BR9712522A (pt) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-12-21 | Jean Paul Domen | Destiladores solares para a produção de água fresca |
| US6066239A (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 2000-05-23 | The West Bend Company | Water distiller with improved solids-removing baffle device |
| AU4081900A (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2000-11-14 | Pall Corporation | Porous membrane |
| US6770202B1 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2004-08-03 | Pall Corporation | Porous membrane |
| PT1185356E (pt) * | 1999-05-27 | 2003-06-30 | Nl Org Toegepast Natuur Onderz | Metodo para purificacao de um liquido por intermedio de destilacao por membrana em particular para producao de agua dessalinizada a partir de agua do mar ou de agua salobra ou de agua de processos industriais |
| EP1208066B1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2006-12-13 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Water still with pervaporation membrane and method of operation thereof |
| US6663778B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2003-12-16 | Mansour S. Bader | Process for the treatment of aqueous streams containing inorganics |
| US6365051B1 (en) | 1999-10-12 | 2002-04-02 | Mansour S. Bader | Precipitation-membrane distillation hybrid system for the treatment of aqueous streams |
| CN1210209C (zh) * | 2000-01-17 | 2005-07-13 | 阿克佐诺贝尔股份有限公司 | 太阳能结露管 |
| AUPR421501A0 (en) | 2001-04-04 | 2001-05-03 | U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc. | Potting method |
| US6842998B2 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2005-01-18 | Akrion Llc | Membrane dryer |
| AUPR692401A0 (en) | 2001-08-09 | 2001-08-30 | U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc. | Method of cleaning membrane modules |
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| CN100421772C (zh) | 2003-11-14 | 2008-10-01 | 西门子水技术公司 | 改进的组件清洗方法 |
| CN101664644A (zh) * | 2004-02-25 | 2010-03-10 | 陶氏环球技术公司 | 用于处理具有高渗透强度的溶液的装置 |
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| US9764288B2 (en) | 2007-04-04 | 2017-09-19 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Membrane module protection |
| EP3395433A1 (en) | 2007-05-29 | 2018-10-31 | Evoqua Water Technologies LLC | Membrane cleaning with pulsed airlift pump |
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| AU2010257526A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-01-12 | Siemens Industry, Inc | Methods for cleaning a porous polymeric membrane and a kit for cleaning a porous polymeric membrane |
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| WO2011069050A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2011-06-09 | Yale University | High flux thin-film composite forward osmosis and pressure-retarded osmosis membranes |
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| TWM392171U (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-11-11 | Yeu Ming Tai Chemical Ind Co Ltd | Desalination device |
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| DE102010050042A1 (de) | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Aaa Water Technologies Ag | Vorrichtung zum Trocknen und/oder Kühlen von Gas |
| DE102010050892A1 (de) | 2010-11-10 | 2012-04-12 | Aaa Water Technologies Ag | Separationssystem |
| US9981225B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 | 2018-05-29 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Method of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, and an apparatus therefor |
| CN103619452B (zh) | 2011-04-25 | 2015-12-23 | Oasys水有限公司 | 渗透分离系统和方法 |
| US9770673B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2017-09-26 | Ail Research Inc. | Apparatus for diffusion-gap thermal desalination |
| CN102895880A (zh) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 通用电气公司 | 卷绕式膜蒸馏组件及膜蒸馏方法 |
| CN103958034B (zh) | 2011-09-30 | 2017-03-22 | 伊沃夸水处理技术有限责任公司 | 隔离阀 |
| JP2014528352A (ja) | 2011-09-30 | 2014-10-27 | エヴォクア ウォーター テクノロジーズ エルエルシーＥｖｏｑｕａ Ｗａｔｅｒ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓｌｌｃ | 改良したマニホルド構造 |
| US9403102B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2016-08-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Heat exchange system configured with a membrane contactor |
| DE102012202792A1 (de) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-29 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Wasser mittels Membrandestillation |
| CN102583610A (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-18 | 杨明 | 一种太阳能膜蒸馏安全净水器 |
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| EP2866922B1 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2018-03-07 | Evoqua Water Technologies LLC | A potting method |
| CN102872721B (zh) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江东大环境工程有限公司 | 一种船用海水淡化装置及淡化方法 |
| CN104684631A (zh) | 2012-09-26 | 2015-06-03 | 伊沃夸水处理技术有限责任公司 | 膜固定设备 |
| AU2013231145B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2017-08-17 | Evoqua Water Technologies Llc | Membrane potting methods |
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| JP6786528B2 (ja) * | 2015-07-01 | 2020-11-18 | コベストロ、ドイチュラント、アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＣｏｖｅｓｔｒｏ Ｄｅｕｔｓｃｈｌａｎｄ Ａｇ | 塩化ナトリウム含有液を濃縮するための浸透蒸留プロセス |
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| US2445350A (en) * | 1943-12-23 | 1948-07-20 | Defoe C Ginnings | Multiple-effect solar still |
| US3340186A (en) * | 1964-05-14 | 1967-09-05 | Research Corp | Recovery of demineralized water from saline waters |
| GB1096680A (en) * | 1964-12-09 | 1967-12-29 | Pactide Corp | Distillation apparatus and method of distillation |
| US3455792A (en) * | 1966-05-12 | 1969-07-15 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Removal of liquid particles during distillation from gases with porous polytetrafluoroethylene paper |
| US3361645A (en) * | 1966-08-09 | 1968-01-02 | Bruce R. Bodell | Distillation of saline water using silicone rubber membrane |
| DE1642833A1 (de) * | 1967-03-16 | 1971-04-29 | Yves Henderyckx | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen eines oder mehrerer Bestandteile aus einer Loesung |
| BE695620A (enExample) * | 1967-03-16 | 1967-09-01 | ||
| US3454470A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1969-07-08 | Louis Joseph Guarino | Distillation of liquids using semi-porous and non-porous conduits in vacuum pressure container |
| US3540986A (en) * | 1967-05-15 | 1970-11-17 | Louis Joseph Guarino | Distillation condensation apparatus with vapor compression and semipermeable membrane |
| US3549503A (en) * | 1968-10-09 | 1970-12-22 | Harold R Hay | Process and apparatus for the distillation of distilland displaced by distillate |
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| US3841976A (en) * | 1971-11-16 | 1974-10-15 | Basic Sciences Inc | Distilling sea water diffused through a membrane |
| US3925167A (en) * | 1972-12-22 | 1975-12-09 | Pactide Corp | Multi-stage disposable still |
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| GB1541283A (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1979-02-28 | Dow Corning | Solar energy powered distillation unit |
| MX152744A (es) * | 1978-06-13 | 1985-11-07 | Virgil Stark | Aparato mejorado para destilar un liquido tal como agua salina mediante el uso de energia solar |
| US4265713A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-05-05 | International Power Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for distillation |
| DE3006788A1 (de) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-04 | Aeromatic Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen einer pumpfaehigen, eine fluessigkeit enthaltenden substanz |
| EP0039197A1 (en) * | 1980-04-25 | 1981-11-04 | W.L. GORE & ASSOCIATES, INC. | Distillation apparatus |
| DE3019355A1 (de) * | 1980-05-21 | 1981-12-03 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen von stoffgemischen in fluessiger phase |
-
1982
- 1982-03-05 US US06/354,140 patent/US4545862A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1983
- 1983-02-08 JP JP58018263A patent/JPS58202089A/ja active Granted
- 1983-02-25 GB GB08305344A patent/GB2116057B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-26 EP EP83101897A patent/EP0088315B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-02-26 DE DE8383101897T patent/DE3366846D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-02-26 AT AT83101897T patent/ATE22812T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-02-28 DK DK98783A patent/DK98783A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-03-04 FR FR838303608A patent/FR2522520B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-03-04 NO NO830754A patent/NO164280C/no unknown
- 1983-03-04 FI FI830733A patent/FI78442C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-03-04 ES ES520318A patent/ES8403324A1/es not_active Expired
- 1983-03-04 CH CH1181/83A patent/CH653907A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-03-04 CA CA000422931A patent/CA1203488A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-03-04 GR GR70689A patent/GR78460B/el unknown
- 1983-03-04 AU AU12053/83A patent/AU554562B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-03-04 IT IT19920/83A patent/IT1160503B/it active
- 1983-03-04 NZ NZ203476A patent/NZ203476A/en unknown
- 1983-03-04 BE BE0/210261A patent/BE896084A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-03-05 SU SU833560201A patent/SU1286097A3/ru active
- 1983-08-05 ES ES524784A patent/ES524784A0/es active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0088315B1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| AU1205383A (en) | 1983-09-08 |
| FR2522520A1 (fr) | 1983-09-09 |
| GR78460B (enExample) | 1984-09-27 |
| ES520318A0 (es) | 1984-03-16 |
| IT1160503B (it) | 1987-03-11 |
| ES8405280A1 (es) | 1984-06-01 |
| GB8305344D0 (en) | 1983-03-30 |
| GB2116057A (en) | 1983-09-21 |
| GB2116057B (en) | 1985-07-24 |
| FI78442C (fi) | 1989-08-10 |
| DK98783D0 (da) | 1983-02-28 |
| EP0088315A1 (en) | 1983-09-14 |
| JPS58202089A (ja) | 1983-11-25 |
| FI78442B (fi) | 1989-04-28 |
| ES524784A0 (es) | 1984-06-01 |
| DE3366846D1 (en) | 1986-11-20 |
| US4545862A (en) | 1985-10-08 |
| AU554562B2 (en) | 1986-08-28 |
| FI830733A0 (fi) | 1983-03-04 |
| JPH0317526B2 (enExample) | 1991-03-08 |
| BE896084A (fr) | 1983-09-05 |
| NZ203476A (en) | 1986-10-08 |
| DK98783A (da) | 1983-09-06 |
| NO164280B (no) | 1990-06-11 |
| ES8403324A1 (es) | 1984-03-16 |
| ATE22812T1 (de) | 1986-11-15 |
| NO830754L (no) | 1983-09-06 |
| FI830733L (fi) | 1983-09-06 |
| SU1286097A3 (ru) | 1987-01-23 |
| CH653907A5 (fr) | 1986-01-31 |
| FR2522520B1 (fr) | 1990-02-09 |
| IT8319920A0 (it) | 1983-03-04 |
| NO164280C (no) | 1990-10-03 |
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