CA1177061A - Static mixer with composite criss-cross web structure - Google Patents
Static mixer with composite criss-cross web structureInfo
- Publication number
- CA1177061A CA1177061A CA000363278A CA363278A CA1177061A CA 1177061 A CA1177061 A CA 1177061A CA 000363278 A CA000363278 A CA 000363278A CA 363278 A CA363278 A CA 363278A CA 1177061 A CA1177061 A CA 1177061A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- mixer
- diameter
- webs
- length
- static mixer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
- B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
- B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
- B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
- B01F25/43161—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod composed of consecutive sections of flat pieces of material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure The static mixer has mixer elements which have interleaved plate pairs each embodied by eight webs, the plate groups are inclined at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing and the angle of the webs of one group is of oppo-site sign to the webs of the other group.
The maximum web width (b) is from 0.1 to 0.167 times the tube diameter (d), the transverse between-webs distance (m) between parallel groups is from 0.2 to 0.4 times the tube diameter (d) and the length (1) of a mixer element is from 0.75 to 1.5 times the tube diameter (d).
The mixing is suitable particularly for mixing processes of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids and provides optimum homogeneity for a relatively reduced mixer length (1) and a low pressure drop.
The maximum web width (b) is from 0.1 to 0.167 times the tube diameter (d), the transverse between-webs distance (m) between parallel groups is from 0.2 to 0.4 times the tube diameter (d) and the length (1) of a mixer element is from 0.75 to 1.5 times the tube diameter (d).
The mixing is suitable particularly for mixing processes of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids and provides optimum homogeneity for a relatively reduced mixer length (1) and a low pressure drop.
Description
'7(~
This invention relates to a static mixer.
As is known, various types o~ static mixers have been used for mixing flowable media in an attempt to obtain a homogeneous flow. For example, static mixers are described in Brauner et al German Patenk 2,3Z8,795 ~May 5, 1977) and Brauner et al A.S. 2,522,106 ~laid open November 25, 1976) as well as in Schutz et al United States Patent 4,170,446 granted October 9, 1979. Generally, these static mixers have mixing devices disposted in tubular casings and have guide elements which are disposed in layers to form flow channels for the throughput.
As is known, static mixers must be as short as possible in length for economic and technical reasons. Specifically, the cost of materials and the ~ressure drop are the economic reasons. The overall length should be short for technical reasons in order to insure that the mixer is of compact construction and that the residence time of the media in the mixer is short.
It has been previously assumed, in practice, that if a required level of homogeneity is required, for example, in relation to concentration or tempera-ture, the mixer elements of a static mixer must have a large number o webs and the webs must be arranged in a narrow "pack" in order to give a small "mesh"
size. In such cases, the mixer length becomes relatively short. However9 i~
has been found in practice that this advantage is accomplished by a considerable pressure drop. This requires high pumping forces and, therefore, high energy costs, Further, the mixer elements have to be very strong. Another difficulty is that the mixer elements become difficult to clean and become clogged fairly readily because of deposits which form on the webs.
Accordingly, it has been suggested that the pressure drop could be decreased by some "loosening-up" of the mixer element structure, i.e., by Usillg fewer webs and by increasing mesh size. However, the layer ~ormation laws for determining homogeneity show that such a construction would reduce the layers produced over a particular mixer length. Thus, the length would have to be in--1 ~
Ltïlt~
creased approxImately in the same proport~on as the pressure drop is reduced.
This constructIon has, there~ore, not been used in practice.
Accordingly, it is an obJect of the invcntion to provide a static mixer with geometric proportions which provide a relatively high mixing quality within a relatively reduced length and at a relatively low pressure drop.
It is another object of the invention to provide a static mixer which can operate at low energy levels to produce a mixture of relatively high quality.
Briefly, the invention provides a static mixer which is comprised of a tubular casing which defines a flow passage having a predetermined diameter along a longitudinal axis of the passage and at least one mixer element which is dis-posed in the flow passage. In accordance with the invention, the mixer element has a length of from 0.75 to 1.5 times the diameter of the 10w passage and is formed of at least two groups of ~ebs. The webs of each group are disposed in parallel relation to each other at a predetermined transverse spacing of from 0.2 to Q.4 times the diameter of the flow passage. The webs are also in angular relation to the axis of the flow passage while being in crossing relation to the webs of the other group. Also, each web has a maximum web width of from 0.1 to 0.167 times the diameter of the Elow passage.
The surprising knowledge underlying the invention is that if the above-recited dimensions are observed, the resulting mixer is only slightly longer thana conventional mixer and has an unexpectedly low pressure drop, as is described hereinafter.
The static mixer can be used particularly for mixing processes of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids.
The tubular casing can be a c~lindrical tube or a tube with a square cross-section. In the first case, the contour of the webs in the marginal zones is adapted to the circular cross-section of the cylindrical tube.
7~
The geGmetry o~ t~e nlixer elements is determined by the dimensional specI~icat~ons for the relatlonship o~ web width ~ to tube diameter d and the relatlonship of the ~ransverse between-webs spacing m within each group pairs to the tube diameter d and the relationship of mixer element length 1 to tube diameter d. ~or instance, the expression b/d = 0.167 means that six we~s are distributed over the same tube cross-section, whereas the expression b/d ~ 0.1 indicates that ten webs are distributed over the same tuhe cross-section.
The relationship between the spacing m and the tube diameter d denotes the web density in the tube - i.e., mesh size along the tube axis and therefore the total web surface area.
The relati~nship between the mixer elemènt length 1 and tube diameter d gives the length of a mixer element.
These and other ob~ects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a static mixer constructed in accordance with the invention; and Figure 2 diagrammatically illustrates the mixing quality o various embodiments of the invention against relative mixer le~gth.
Referring to Figure 1, the static mixer is comprised of a tubular cas-ing 1, for example, of circular cross-sectional shape and a plurality of mixer elements 2, 3, 4, 5 which are disposed within the casing 1 in consecutive rela-tion. As indicated, the casing 1 defines a flow passage of predetermined diame-ter ~d) while the mixer elements 2 - 5 are disposed in 90 relation to each other along the longitudinal axis of the casing 1.
Each mixer element 2 - 5 is comprised of criss-crossing groups 6, 7 of ~ebs. The webs of each group are disposed in parallel relation to each other at a predetermined transverse spacing (m). As indicated, each group comprises webs 6'aJ 6"a, 6"'a-6'd, 6"d, 6"'d and 7'a, 7"a, 7"'a-7'd, 7"d, 7"'d. The webs 6, 7 are disposed in angular relation to the axis of flow passage in the casing 1 at an angle Cl, with the angle of inclination o the webs of group 6 be-ing of opposite sign to that of the webs of group 7. As illustrated, the angle c~ is 45.
Each mixer element comprises three interleaved plate pairs 6'a-6'd, 7'a-7'd; 6"a-6"d, 7"a-7"d; and 6"'a-6"'d, 7"'a-7"'d, the webs of group 6 ex-tending through gaps between the webs of group 7 to cross the same while the webs of group 7 extend through gaps between the webs of group 6 to cross the same.
As, shown, each plate pair consists of eight webs, the webs of each plate being coplanar ~cf. 6'la-6"d of element 3 and 7" 'a-7" 'd of element 5 in Figure l). However, the webs 6'a-6'd, 7'a-7'd and so on, instead of being co-planar, can be offset from one another stepwise. As described in British Patent 1,597,150 Gerhard Schutz, published September 3, 1981, the webs of a single mixer element can be joined together at their contact places as a whole in a single working step by electric resistance welding.
As illustrated, each mixer element 2 - 5 is oE the same length 1.
Referring to Figure 2, five embodiments (I - V) of static mixers were compared Eor measured pressure drop and relative mixer length ~l/d). As illus-trated, the variation coefficient ~/x is plotted along the ordinate while the relative mixer length L/d of the entire mixer, comprising a number of mixer ele-ments is plotted along abscissa. ~ denotes the measured standard deviation from the measured means concentration x of a tracer in a mixture produced in a static mixer. The standard deviation ~ from the calculated means value x of the homo-geneity of ingredients for mixing which a mixer provides can be found, e.g., by means of electrical conductivity measurements (cf. Chem.-Ing. Techn~ 51 ~1979), 7~61 Nr. 5, pp. 353 - 354).
The formal equation~ r Zo is used ~or the pressure drop A P as found by measurements in static mixers in the case of laminar flow. "~" is *he pressure drop multiple and represents the ratio of the pressure drop in a static mixer to the empty casing at the same viscosity ~ , ~ repr0sents the ~low velocity, L the length of the casing and d the diameter of the tube.
The following table gives the geometric data for mixer. types I - V.
Type ~ m/d lld ~_ I 0.08 0.15 1.63 45 I~ 0.1 0.2 0.75 45 III 0.125 0.3 1. 45 IV ~.167 0.4 1.5 45 V ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ ~ 45 The construction of khe Type I mixer is similar to those described in German A.S. 2,328,795 and 2,522,106.
The characteristic curves ~/x = f ~L/d~ for Types f - V are plot~ed in the diagram o Figure 2. ~,/x = 10 2 means that the standard deviation rom the mean value is 1% and the mixture can be considered to be homogeneous.
The table below gives measured values of relative mixer length for /x = 10 2 and the associated pressure drop multiples z for types I - V.
-Type L/d I 8 go It can ~e gathered from the foregoing data that the relative mixer lengths ~or Types II, III and IV are not much greater than for Type I, but the pressure drop multiple o~ Types II, III and IV can ~e reduced considerably below t~e pressure drop ~Or Type I.
It will also be apparent that the pressure drop reduction is not in approximately the same relationshlp as the increase in relative mixer length as has previously been assumed but is much stronger and more pronounced.
A comparison of the results ~or Type V with the results for Types lQ II - I~ shows that a substantial reduction of the pressure drop multiple is linked with a substantial increase in relati~e mixer length; the increase of L/d and the decrease of z as compared with Type I are in approximately the same re-lationship.
The interesting feature in a comparison o~ the mixing devices with one another is the pressure drop/throughput ~or the same quality of mixing. Pressure drop, throughput and relative mixer length are interconnected by way of the specific power requirement W which is a dimensionless characteristic of a mixer ~cf. e.g., E. Dolling: "Zur Darstellung von Mischvorga'ngen in hochviskosen FlUssigkeiten'', Dissertation, Techn. Hochschule Aachen/Germany/1971 and H.
2Q Brunemann and G. gohn: "Statische Mischer~', Aufbereitungstechnik, 1972, 1, pp.
16 - 231.
1~'7'`~0~
T~e spcci~fic p~er r~qu~rement ~ is de~ned ~y the formula:
~ 32 ~ dL 2 in which h p V denotes the power requirement, ~ denotes vlscosity and V denotes volume flo~.
For a glven quality of mixing~ W is lowest for the technically optimal mixing device.
The following table gives the observed values of specific power require-ment W for mixing devic0s for which mixer elements of Types I - V are used.
Type W
-As the ta~le shows, a device having mixer elements III can be considered to be the technically optimal mixing device, although the diferences from devices having mixer element Types II and IV are so slight that the three Types II, III
and IV can be regarded as virtually equivalent. HoweverJ th~ speciic power requirement W differs considerably for types I and V and can therefore be con-sidered unsuitable for the purposes~ the invention.
The surprising knowledge underlying the invention is based on the fact that the difference in mixing efficiency of the mixer element types I - V is much less than predicted by the well known layer formation law ~H. Brunemann ancl G. John Chemie-Ing.-Techn. 43 (1971 Nr. 6, pages 347 - 354~):
N = a '7'~
N denotes the number of layers formed, a denotes the number of channels in an elemen-t, i.e. in the case a = d/b, and N denotes the number of mixer elements. In case of constant L/d ra-tio of the elements it is also possible to write the above equation as:
N = (d/b)k (L/d) where d = diameter of the tube b = web width k = a constant factor L = length of the casing The following table gives once again a comparison of the mixing efficiency and the pressure drop of the element types I - V, based on measured values ~ and as calculated according to the layer formation law.
The comparison is given relative to -type I:
I 1~ 1` ~1 .
I 90 124,3,108 lO-2 1 1 l II 50 lO1.108 1.~.10 4.3 1.8 1.8 III 35 81~.7.10 2.8.~10 25 ~2.8 2 6 IV 20 61.7.10 7,3.10 253 7.3 4.5 V 16 4~6.6.104 ~ 65l5 36 5.6 As it can be seen in the above table, the layer forma-tion law predicts much more reduced eEficiency than demonstrated by the invention if fewer webs are used. The content of the invention 77(~61 is therefore that this prejudice has been overcome.
Thus, the mixer according -to -the invention should have a length (l) of from 0.75 to 1.5 times the diameter (d) of the flow passage of the casing l, a web spacing (m) of from 0.2 to 0.4 times -the diameter (d) and a maximum web width (b) of from 0.1 to 0.167 times the diameter (d).
- 8a
This invention relates to a static mixer.
As is known, various types o~ static mixers have been used for mixing flowable media in an attempt to obtain a homogeneous flow. For example, static mixers are described in Brauner et al German Patenk 2,3Z8,795 ~May 5, 1977) and Brauner et al A.S. 2,522,106 ~laid open November 25, 1976) as well as in Schutz et al United States Patent 4,170,446 granted October 9, 1979. Generally, these static mixers have mixing devices disposted in tubular casings and have guide elements which are disposed in layers to form flow channels for the throughput.
As is known, static mixers must be as short as possible in length for economic and technical reasons. Specifically, the cost of materials and the ~ressure drop are the economic reasons. The overall length should be short for technical reasons in order to insure that the mixer is of compact construction and that the residence time of the media in the mixer is short.
It has been previously assumed, in practice, that if a required level of homogeneity is required, for example, in relation to concentration or tempera-ture, the mixer elements of a static mixer must have a large number o webs and the webs must be arranged in a narrow "pack" in order to give a small "mesh"
size. In such cases, the mixer length becomes relatively short. However9 i~
has been found in practice that this advantage is accomplished by a considerable pressure drop. This requires high pumping forces and, therefore, high energy costs, Further, the mixer elements have to be very strong. Another difficulty is that the mixer elements become difficult to clean and become clogged fairly readily because of deposits which form on the webs.
Accordingly, it has been suggested that the pressure drop could be decreased by some "loosening-up" of the mixer element structure, i.e., by Usillg fewer webs and by increasing mesh size. However, the layer ~ormation laws for determining homogeneity show that such a construction would reduce the layers produced over a particular mixer length. Thus, the length would have to be in--1 ~
Ltïlt~
creased approxImately in the same proport~on as the pressure drop is reduced.
This constructIon has, there~ore, not been used in practice.
Accordingly, it is an obJect of the invcntion to provide a static mixer with geometric proportions which provide a relatively high mixing quality within a relatively reduced length and at a relatively low pressure drop.
It is another object of the invention to provide a static mixer which can operate at low energy levels to produce a mixture of relatively high quality.
Briefly, the invention provides a static mixer which is comprised of a tubular casing which defines a flow passage having a predetermined diameter along a longitudinal axis of the passage and at least one mixer element which is dis-posed in the flow passage. In accordance with the invention, the mixer element has a length of from 0.75 to 1.5 times the diameter of the 10w passage and is formed of at least two groups of ~ebs. The webs of each group are disposed in parallel relation to each other at a predetermined transverse spacing of from 0.2 to Q.4 times the diameter of the flow passage. The webs are also in angular relation to the axis of the flow passage while being in crossing relation to the webs of the other group. Also, each web has a maximum web width of from 0.1 to 0.167 times the diameter of the Elow passage.
The surprising knowledge underlying the invention is that if the above-recited dimensions are observed, the resulting mixer is only slightly longer thana conventional mixer and has an unexpectedly low pressure drop, as is described hereinafter.
The static mixer can be used particularly for mixing processes of Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids.
The tubular casing can be a c~lindrical tube or a tube with a square cross-section. In the first case, the contour of the webs in the marginal zones is adapted to the circular cross-section of the cylindrical tube.
7~
The geGmetry o~ t~e nlixer elements is determined by the dimensional specI~icat~ons for the relatlonship o~ web width ~ to tube diameter d and the relatlonship of the ~ransverse between-webs spacing m within each group pairs to the tube diameter d and the relationship of mixer element length 1 to tube diameter d. ~or instance, the expression b/d = 0.167 means that six we~s are distributed over the same tube cross-section, whereas the expression b/d ~ 0.1 indicates that ten webs are distributed over the same tuhe cross-section.
The relationship between the spacing m and the tube diameter d denotes the web density in the tube - i.e., mesh size along the tube axis and therefore the total web surface area.
The relati~nship between the mixer elemènt length 1 and tube diameter d gives the length of a mixer element.
These and other ob~ects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings wherein:
Figure 1 illustrates a longitudinal sectional view of a static mixer constructed in accordance with the invention; and Figure 2 diagrammatically illustrates the mixing quality o various embodiments of the invention against relative mixer le~gth.
Referring to Figure 1, the static mixer is comprised of a tubular cas-ing 1, for example, of circular cross-sectional shape and a plurality of mixer elements 2, 3, 4, 5 which are disposed within the casing 1 in consecutive rela-tion. As indicated, the casing 1 defines a flow passage of predetermined diame-ter ~d) while the mixer elements 2 - 5 are disposed in 90 relation to each other along the longitudinal axis of the casing 1.
Each mixer element 2 - 5 is comprised of criss-crossing groups 6, 7 of ~ebs. The webs of each group are disposed in parallel relation to each other at a predetermined transverse spacing (m). As indicated, each group comprises webs 6'aJ 6"a, 6"'a-6'd, 6"d, 6"'d and 7'a, 7"a, 7"'a-7'd, 7"d, 7"'d. The webs 6, 7 are disposed in angular relation to the axis of flow passage in the casing 1 at an angle Cl, with the angle of inclination o the webs of group 6 be-ing of opposite sign to that of the webs of group 7. As illustrated, the angle c~ is 45.
Each mixer element comprises three interleaved plate pairs 6'a-6'd, 7'a-7'd; 6"a-6"d, 7"a-7"d; and 6"'a-6"'d, 7"'a-7"'d, the webs of group 6 ex-tending through gaps between the webs of group 7 to cross the same while the webs of group 7 extend through gaps between the webs of group 6 to cross the same.
As, shown, each plate pair consists of eight webs, the webs of each plate being coplanar ~cf. 6'la-6"d of element 3 and 7" 'a-7" 'd of element 5 in Figure l). However, the webs 6'a-6'd, 7'a-7'd and so on, instead of being co-planar, can be offset from one another stepwise. As described in British Patent 1,597,150 Gerhard Schutz, published September 3, 1981, the webs of a single mixer element can be joined together at their contact places as a whole in a single working step by electric resistance welding.
As illustrated, each mixer element 2 - 5 is oE the same length 1.
Referring to Figure 2, five embodiments (I - V) of static mixers were compared Eor measured pressure drop and relative mixer length ~l/d). As illus-trated, the variation coefficient ~/x is plotted along the ordinate while the relative mixer length L/d of the entire mixer, comprising a number of mixer ele-ments is plotted along abscissa. ~ denotes the measured standard deviation from the measured means concentration x of a tracer in a mixture produced in a static mixer. The standard deviation ~ from the calculated means value x of the homo-geneity of ingredients for mixing which a mixer provides can be found, e.g., by means of electrical conductivity measurements (cf. Chem.-Ing. Techn~ 51 ~1979), 7~61 Nr. 5, pp. 353 - 354).
The formal equation~ r Zo is used ~or the pressure drop A P as found by measurements in static mixers in the case of laminar flow. "~" is *he pressure drop multiple and represents the ratio of the pressure drop in a static mixer to the empty casing at the same viscosity ~ , ~ repr0sents the ~low velocity, L the length of the casing and d the diameter of the tube.
The following table gives the geometric data for mixer. types I - V.
Type ~ m/d lld ~_ I 0.08 0.15 1.63 45 I~ 0.1 0.2 0.75 45 III 0.125 0.3 1. 45 IV ~.167 0.4 1.5 45 V ~ ~ 0 ~ ~ ~ 45 The construction of khe Type I mixer is similar to those described in German A.S. 2,328,795 and 2,522,106.
The characteristic curves ~/x = f ~L/d~ for Types f - V are plot~ed in the diagram o Figure 2. ~,/x = 10 2 means that the standard deviation rom the mean value is 1% and the mixture can be considered to be homogeneous.
The table below gives measured values of relative mixer length for /x = 10 2 and the associated pressure drop multiples z for types I - V.
-Type L/d I 8 go It can ~e gathered from the foregoing data that the relative mixer lengths ~or Types II, III and IV are not much greater than for Type I, but the pressure drop multiple o~ Types II, III and IV can ~e reduced considerably below t~e pressure drop ~Or Type I.
It will also be apparent that the pressure drop reduction is not in approximately the same relationshlp as the increase in relative mixer length as has previously been assumed but is much stronger and more pronounced.
A comparison of the results ~or Type V with the results for Types lQ II - I~ shows that a substantial reduction of the pressure drop multiple is linked with a substantial increase in relati~e mixer length; the increase of L/d and the decrease of z as compared with Type I are in approximately the same re-lationship.
The interesting feature in a comparison o~ the mixing devices with one another is the pressure drop/throughput ~or the same quality of mixing. Pressure drop, throughput and relative mixer length are interconnected by way of the specific power requirement W which is a dimensionless characteristic of a mixer ~cf. e.g., E. Dolling: "Zur Darstellung von Mischvorga'ngen in hochviskosen FlUssigkeiten'', Dissertation, Techn. Hochschule Aachen/Germany/1971 and H.
2Q Brunemann and G. gohn: "Statische Mischer~', Aufbereitungstechnik, 1972, 1, pp.
16 - 231.
1~'7'`~0~
T~e spcci~fic p~er r~qu~rement ~ is de~ned ~y the formula:
~ 32 ~ dL 2 in which h p V denotes the power requirement, ~ denotes vlscosity and V denotes volume flo~.
For a glven quality of mixing~ W is lowest for the technically optimal mixing device.
The following table gives the observed values of specific power require-ment W for mixing devic0s for which mixer elements of Types I - V are used.
Type W
-As the ta~le shows, a device having mixer elements III can be considered to be the technically optimal mixing device, although the diferences from devices having mixer element Types II and IV are so slight that the three Types II, III
and IV can be regarded as virtually equivalent. HoweverJ th~ speciic power requirement W differs considerably for types I and V and can therefore be con-sidered unsuitable for the purposes~ the invention.
The surprising knowledge underlying the invention is based on the fact that the difference in mixing efficiency of the mixer element types I - V is much less than predicted by the well known layer formation law ~H. Brunemann ancl G. John Chemie-Ing.-Techn. 43 (1971 Nr. 6, pages 347 - 354~):
N = a '7'~
N denotes the number of layers formed, a denotes the number of channels in an elemen-t, i.e. in the case a = d/b, and N denotes the number of mixer elements. In case of constant L/d ra-tio of the elements it is also possible to write the above equation as:
N = (d/b)k (L/d) where d = diameter of the tube b = web width k = a constant factor L = length of the casing The following table gives once again a comparison of the mixing efficiency and the pressure drop of the element types I - V, based on measured values ~ and as calculated according to the layer formation law.
The comparison is given relative to -type I:
I 1~ 1` ~1 .
I 90 124,3,108 lO-2 1 1 l II 50 lO1.108 1.~.10 4.3 1.8 1.8 III 35 81~.7.10 2.8.~10 25 ~2.8 2 6 IV 20 61.7.10 7,3.10 253 7.3 4.5 V 16 4~6.6.104 ~ 65l5 36 5.6 As it can be seen in the above table, the layer forma-tion law predicts much more reduced eEficiency than demonstrated by the invention if fewer webs are used. The content of the invention 77(~61 is therefore that this prejudice has been overcome.
Thus, the mixer according -to -the invention should have a length (l) of from 0.75 to 1.5 times the diameter (d) of the flow passage of the casing l, a web spacing (m) of from 0.2 to 0.4 times -the diameter (d) and a maximum web width (b) of from 0.1 to 0.167 times the diameter (d).
- 8a
Claims (5)
1. A static mixer comprising a tubular casing defining a flow passage having a predetermined diameter (d) along a longitudinal axis of said passage; and at least one mixer element disposed in said flow passage, said mixer element having a length (1) of from 0.75 to 1.5 times said diameter (d) and including at least two groups of webs, said webs of each group being disposed in parallel relation to each other at a predetermined transverse spacing (m) of from 0.2 to 0.4 times said diameter (d), in angular relation to said axis of said passage and in crossing relation to said webs of the other group, each said web having a maximum web width (b) of from 0.1 to 0.167 times said diameter (d).
2. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said maximum web width (b) is 0.1 times said diameter (d), said spacing (m) is 0.2 times said diameter (d), and said length (1) is 0.75 times said diameter (d).
3. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said maximum web width (b) is 0.125 times said diameter (d), said spacing is 0.3 times said diameter (d) and said length (1) is equal to said diameter (d).
4. A. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein said maximum web width (b) is 0.167 times said diameter (d), said spacing (m) is 0.4 times said diameter (d) and said length (1) is 1.5 times said diameter (d).
5. A static mixer as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least two of said mixer elements are disposed in said passage in consecutive relation and in 90° relation to each other along said longitudinal axis.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH9623/79-4 | 1979-10-26 | ||
| CH962379A CH642564A5 (en) | 1979-10-26 | 1979-10-26 | STATIC MIXING DEVICE. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1177061A true CA1177061A (en) | 1984-10-30 |
Family
ID=4353927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000363278A Expired CA1177061A (en) | 1979-10-26 | 1980-10-27 | Static mixer with composite criss-cross web structure |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5662531A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU534423B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE884546A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1177061A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH642564A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2943688A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES263049Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2468401A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2061746B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1133888B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX151266A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL188561C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE441061B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA805085B (en) |
Families Citing this family (39)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH647162A5 (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1985-01-15 | Sulzer Ag | DEVICE FOR LIQUID-SOLID FLUID FILMS. |
| CH664505A5 (en) * | 1984-03-05 | 1988-03-15 | Sulzer Ag | STATIC MIXING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR MACHINES PROCESSING HIGH VISCOSE PLASTIC MELTING. |
| EP0175882A1 (en) * | 1984-09-07 | 1986-04-02 | Contraves Ag | Thermostatic device for a laboratory reactor |
| US4919541A (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1990-04-24 | Sulzer Brothers Limited | Gas-liquid mass transfer apparatus and method |
| NL8601495A (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1988-01-04 | Suiker Unie | METHOD AND REACTOR VESSEL FOR THE FERMENTATION PREPARATION OF POLYSACCHARIDES, IN PARTICULAR XANTHANE. |
| CH676799A5 (en) * | 1988-11-01 | 1991-03-15 | Sulzer Ag | |
| FR2703263B1 (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1995-05-19 | Rhone Poulenc Nutrition Animal | Process for the preparation of spherules of active principles. |
| US5636981A (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1997-06-10 | Lilly Engineering Company | Fuel oil burner |
| EP0727249B1 (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1999-05-06 | Sulzer Chemtech AG | Static mixer for very viscous liquids |
| ATE179631T1 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1999-05-15 | Sulzer Chemtech Ag | STATIC MIXER FOR THICK FLUIDS |
| NL1001834C2 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-10 | Indupal B V | Flow-through heat exchanger, device comprising it and evaporation device. |
| US6224833B1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2001-05-01 | Koch-Glitsch, Inc. | Apparatus for contacting of gases and solids in fluidized beds |
| US6394644B1 (en) * | 1999-06-21 | 2002-05-28 | Koch-Glitsch, Inc. | Stacked static mixing elements |
| DE10005457A1 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-08-09 | Bayer Ag | Static mixer |
| DE20002920U1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2000-04-20 | Schröder & Boos Misch- und Anlagentechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 27578 Bremerhaven | Homogenizer |
| FR2807336B1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2002-12-13 | Pour Le Dev De L Antipollution | STATIC MIXER |
| DE50200013D1 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-07-31 | Sulzer Chemtech Ag Winterthur | Pipe mixer with a longitudinal installation body |
| CA2491755C (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2010-06-22 | Sulzer Chemtech Usa, Inc. | Assembly of crossing elements and method of constructing same |
| CA2665052C (en) | 2006-10-09 | 2014-12-09 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Making discrete solid particles of polymeric material |
| CA2660883C (en) | 2006-10-09 | 2014-12-09 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Carbonising and/or activating carbonaceous material |
| US8628233B2 (en) | 2007-05-24 | 2014-01-14 | Atlas Holding Ag | Flow channel for a mixer heat exchanger |
| TWI417135B (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2013-12-01 | Sulzer Chemtech Ag | Static mixing element |
| EP2011562A1 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-07 | StaMixCo Technology AG | Mixer insert, static mixing device and method for manufacturing a static mixer insert |
| EP2042284B1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2011-08-03 | Sulzer Chemtech AG | Device for creating a reactionable flowable compound and its use |
| WO2010066457A1 (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-17 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | Static mixer comprising a static mixing element, method of mixing a fluid in a conduit and a formula for designing such a static mixing element |
| EP2286904B1 (en) | 2009-08-12 | 2012-04-18 | Fluitec Invest AG | Static mixing device for flowable materials |
| EP2368625A1 (en) | 2010-03-22 | 2011-09-28 | Sulzer Chemtech AG | Method and device for dispersion |
| GB2496897A (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2013-05-29 | Colvistec Ag | Measurement of colour strength of a diffusely reflective liquid e.g. paint |
| EP2711163A1 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-26 | Hirschberg Engineering | Three-dimensional body |
| EP2801374A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2014-11-12 | Sulzer Chemtech AG | An apparatus for germ reduction of a fluid and a process for use thereof |
| US9777973B2 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2017-10-03 | Promix Solutions Ag | Device for mixing and heat exchange |
| US9162206B2 (en) | 2013-12-05 | 2015-10-20 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Reactor bed component for securing rigid assemblies |
| EP3081285B1 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2018-02-14 | Fluitec Invest AG | Static mixing device for flowing materials |
| DE102015121351A1 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-08 | Stamixco Ag | Mixer insert, static mixer and manufacturing process |
| CN110022969A (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2019-07-16 | 科思创德国股份有限公司 | The hybrid element with the constructional depth shortened for static mixer |
| EP3495036B1 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-05-18 | Stamixco AG | Mixer insert for static mixer, static mixer and method of manufacturing |
| RU2744373C1 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-03-05 | Ильдар Ринатович Вальшин | Method for mixing medium transported through pipeline and device for carrying out said method |
| CH717741A2 (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2022-02-15 | Sulzer Management Ag | Device for adding or dissipating heat, for carrying out reactions, and for mixing and dispersing flowing media. |
| DE202020105691U1 (en) | 2020-10-05 | 2020-11-09 | Scheugenpflug Gmbh | One-piece static mixer |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK149324C (en) * | 1973-06-06 | 1986-10-06 | Bayer Ag | FLOW MIXER WITHOUT MOVING PARTS |
| DE2522106C3 (en) * | 1975-05-17 | 1982-04-15 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Device for the continuous mixing of flowable substances and method for producing a mixing insert |
| CH611178A5 (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1979-05-31 | Sulzer Ag | Process for manufacturing a stack for a static mixing device |
-
1979
- 1979-10-26 CH CH962379A patent/CH642564A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-10-30 DE DE19792943688 patent/DE2943688A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-01-03 FR FR8000071A patent/FR2468401A1/en active Granted
- 1980-07-19 DE DE19808019476U patent/DE8019476U1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-07-23 NL NLAANVRAGE8004240,A patent/NL188561C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-07-30 BE BE0/201583A patent/BE884546A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-08-19 ZA ZA00805085A patent/ZA805085B/en unknown
- 1980-09-05 ES ES1980263049U patent/ES263049Y/en not_active Expired
- 1980-09-22 JP JP13222580A patent/JPS5662531A/en active Pending
- 1980-10-14 IT IT25329/80A patent/IT1133888B/en active
- 1980-10-15 MX MX184342A patent/MX151266A/en unknown
- 1980-10-21 AU AU63538/80A patent/AU534423B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-10-24 SE SE8007497A patent/SE441061B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-10-27 CA CA000363278A patent/CA1177061A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-10-27 GB GB8034470A patent/GB2061746B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES263049Y (en) | 1983-02-01 |
| NL188561C (en) | 1992-08-03 |
| NL8004240A (en) | 1981-04-28 |
| FR2468401A1 (en) | 1981-05-08 |
| GB2061746B (en) | 1983-03-23 |
| DE8019476U1 (en) | 1981-03-12 |
| ES263049U (en) | 1982-07-16 |
| IT1133888B (en) | 1986-07-24 |
| MX151266A (en) | 1984-10-26 |
| FR2468401B1 (en) | 1983-05-13 |
| CH642564A5 (en) | 1984-04-30 |
| ZA805085B (en) | 1981-08-26 |
| DE2943688A1 (en) | 1981-05-14 |
| AU534423B2 (en) | 1984-01-26 |
| SE441061B (en) | 1985-09-09 |
| AU6353880A (en) | 1981-04-30 |
| IT8025329A0 (en) | 1980-10-14 |
| NL188561B (en) | 1992-03-02 |
| SE8007497L (en) | 1981-04-27 |
| JPS5662531A (en) | 1981-05-28 |
| BE884546A (en) | 1980-11-17 |
| GB2061746A (en) | 1981-05-20 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1177061A (en) | Static mixer with composite criss-cross web structure | |
| US3664638A (en) | Mixing device | |
| CA1250282A (en) | Static mixer for viscous melts | |
| DE2525020B2 (en) | STATIC MIXER FOR FLUID MATERIALS | |
| US4201482A (en) | Perforated mixing elements for static and dynamic mixers | |
| DE2030618C3 (en) | Inclined clarifier | |
| Kolb et al. | The sol-gel transition modelled by irreversible aggregation of clusters | |
| US3825645A (en) | Extrusion method and apparatus | |
| DE59501565D1 (en) | STATIC MICRO MIXER | |
| DE2205371A1 (en) | Mixing device | |
| IE39372L (en) | Mixer. | |
| US20110080801A1 (en) | Static mixing device for flowable substances | |
| JPH09901A (en) | Mixer and usage thereof | |
| DE3536365C2 (en) | ||
| US4840493A (en) | Motionless mixers and baffles | |
| US4826089A (en) | Treating asphaltene bearing fuels | |
| KR890700458A (en) | Fiber-reinforced polymer composition and method and apparatus for making same | |
| US4096214A (en) | Multicellular reactor with liquid/gas phase contacts | |
| US2376349A (en) | Loosely dumped filling body | |
| DE3878970T2 (en) | PRRAEPARATIVE CHROMATOGRAPHIESAUULE. | |
| DE2622530A1 (en) | MIXING DEVICE | |
| Charrier et al. | Flow of short glass fibre-filled polymer melts | |
| EP0011176A1 (en) | Packing to be fitted in columns, apparatuses or tubes used in engineering | |
| DE3100642A1 (en) | Hollow block | |
| JPS57101022A (en) | Polyester fiber having improved dimensional stability |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |