CA1158876A - Deep vibrator - Google Patents
Deep vibratorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1158876A CA1158876A CA000384722A CA384722A CA1158876A CA 1158876 A CA1158876 A CA 1158876A CA 000384722 A CA000384722 A CA 000384722A CA 384722 A CA384722 A CA 384722A CA 1158876 A CA1158876 A CA 1158876A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- suspension tube
- propulsion head
- ground
- deep vibrator
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A deep vibrator includes a propulsion head (1) vibrating in horizontal direction via a driven eccentric, the propulsion head being secured to the lower end of a suspension tube (2) while the outer wall of the suspension tube (2) includes pipes (4) arranged in the longitudinal direction thereof having at the lower end of the propulsion head (1) a spraying nozzle through which water may be fed under pressure, further spraying nozzles being distributed along the length of the pipes (4,5) and so aligned that they spray water into the annular space surrounding the suspension tube (2).
A deep vibrator includes a propulsion head (1) vibrating in horizontal direction via a driven eccentric, the propulsion head being secured to the lower end of a suspension tube (2) while the outer wall of the suspension tube (2) includes pipes (4) arranged in the longitudinal direction thereof having at the lower end of the propulsion head (1) a spraying nozzle through which water may be fed under pressure, further spraying nozzles being distributed along the length of the pipes (4,5) and so aligned that they spray water into the annular space surrounding the suspension tube (2).
Description
TITLE
DEEP VIBRATOR
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention ;
The invention relates to a deep vibrator comprising a propulsion head vibrating in the horizontal direction via a driven eccentric, the propulsion head being secured to the lower end of a suspension tube while the outer wall of the suspension tube includes pipes arranged in the longitudinal direction thereof having at the lower end of the propulsion head a spraying nozzle through which water may be fed under pressure.
Description of the Prior Art Deep vibrators of this kind serve for the production of material columns in the ground, for instance of drainings, stop compressions, concrete piles and the like. To this end, the deep vibrator is driven with its propulsion head actuated by vibrations to the desired depth in the ground. Subsequently, the deep vibrator is withdrawn from the ground by means of a suitable tool while at the same time the proper filling material is filled through the deep vibrator into the hollow space so produced.
A deep vibrator having the features mentioned in the beginning has been known through the journal "Baumaschine und Bautechnik", vol. 1957, no. 12, pp. 411 - 413. This deep vibrator operates in such a way that when immersing the deep vibrator into the ground, its propulsion head i8 caused by an eccentric to oscillate in the horizontal direction. In this way, the propulsion head produces, in the ground surrounding it, an annular space essentially free from ground material so that 1.
, ,.,, . :
11S88 ~'~
by virtue of its proper weight and aided by the pressurized water ejected at its tip, it may be immersed into the ground.
This prior art deep vibrator however operates insofar with a relatively small efficiency as compared to the length covered when immersing per unit of time as the annular space mentioned around its propulsion head is not filled with sufficiently solid material in order to be able to transfer, in a sufficient way, the horizontal oscillations of the eccentric, or the propulsion head, respectively, to the ground material surrounding the propulsion head so that this ground material is not sufficiently pushed back with the disadvantage of a relatively small immersion velocity of this deep vibrator.
Through French Patent Specification No. 1,277,369, a deep vibrator has been known, which is caused to vertically vibrate by means of a vibrator provided on its upper side. In order to avoid, or at least to reduce, adhesion of the deep vibrator to the ground material surrounding it when immersing it into, or withdrawing it from, respectively, the ground, it is provided that pre~surized water is radially ejected via openings provided in the casis of the device.
French Patent Specification No. 455,730 describes a similar device, wherein the body to be immersed is surrounded by a pipe cage in which spraying nozzles are provided.
The two latter devices have in common that they are driven into the ground by vibrations in vertical direction. In that case, no annular space is to be formed at the lower ends of these devices, which would facilitate an immersion of the devices into the ground.
88 ~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
.. ; .
Starting from a deep vibrator of the kind described in the beginning, it is the aim of the present invention to construct it in such a way that its immersion velocity and also its withdrawing velocity may substantially be increased.
To solve this problem, the invention is characterized in that further spraying nozzles are distributed along the length of the pipes and are so aligned that they spray the water into the annular space surrounding the suspension tube.
Experiments performed in sandy grounds have shown that by such a constructionally easy measure an immersion velocity of the deep vibrator is obtained which is three times higher as compared to the prior art deep vibrator mentioned in the beginning. This i5 essentially caused by the fact that along the length of the suspension tube, the ground surrounding the tube i8 dissolved by the pressurized water and i8 washed downward to the propulsion head. This ground material thus fills the annular space around the propulsion head with solid material, particularly sand, and thus causes the vibrations of the propulsion head to be very effectively transferred onto the ground surrounding the propulsion head so that the propulsion head will produce, within a very short period of time, a suffi-ciently large annular space for the propulsion head to immerse the deep vibrator. Experiments have shown that the water there existing does not disturb these processes, probably because it penetrates ~ufficiently rapidly into the surrounding ground.
The characterizing measures as mentioned will moreover cause the ground around the suspension tube to be constantly kept moist so that the mud thereby formed will constitute a kind of lubricant, which prevents the suspension tube from becoming stuck when lowering the deep vibrator or when subsequently withdrawing it. Sandy grounds in particular are dissolved in the vicinity of the suspension tube so that, as experiments have shown, mate-rial piles to a depth of more than about lO meters may be produced with the novel deep vibrator without any difficulties and with a high speed.
The distance of the spraying nozzles relative to each other should be so selected that the annular space around the suspension tube is sufficiently moistened. A distance of about 15 to 25 cm of the spraying nozzles from each other has shown to be sufficient. The spraying nozzles should essentially be provided along the whole length of the suspension tube. In general, two oppositely arranged spraying pipes are sufficient to charge the annular space. More spraying pipes equally distributed around the suspension tube may however be provided as well. ;
For reasons of stability it is preferred to weld the spraying pipes to the suspension tube.
The spraying nozzles of the spraying pipes should spray the water in about a tangential direction relative to the suspension tube because this produces the best efficiency and impairment by the portion of the spraying tubes not yet immersed into the ground i~ the least.
One may also provide that the spraying pipes are subdivided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension tube into groups separately charged with the pressurized water. In that case only those groups are charged with the spraying water which are at least partly immersed into the ground so that the spraying water is not unnecessarily sprayed over the ground. These groups of spraying pipes should, in a top view of the suspension tube, be angularly displaced relative to each other in order to have room for the feed pipe for the pressurized water for the spraying pipes.
~15~38`~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplified embodiments from which further important features may be taken. In the Figures, Figure 1 is a schematic lateral view of the essential elements of a novel deep vibrator;
Figure 2 is a schematic section along the line II-II of Figure 1 showing an additional second group of spraying pipes.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
.
Figure 1 shows the essential elements of a deep vibrator, namely a propulsion head 1, which is secured to the lower end of a suspension tube 2. Hoisting equipment not shown engages with a flange 3 of the suspension tube.
To the wall of the suspension tube, spraying pipes 4 are welded, which include nozzles provided along their lengths spraying water in the direction of the arrows (Figure 2), i.e.
essentially tangentially relative to suspension tube 2. In general, two spraying pipes 4 positioned on suspension tube 2 opposite relative to each other are sufficient.
A second set of such spraying pipes as shown in Figure 2, at 5, may be provided as well. In this way, two groups of spraying pipes 4, 5 are formed, which may separately be charged with pressurized water. The pressure pipes for feeding the water to the spraying pipes are not shown.
The nozzles of the spraying pipes are provided in distances relative to each other of about 15 and 25 cm.
The novel deep vibrator is particularly suited to be used in sandy grounds for depths of more than about 10 meters.
~5~8 ~
Experiments have shown that with the aid of the novel deep vibrator material columns to a depth of 25 m may be produced without any problems in a ground in which prior art deep vibrators could be employed to a depth of about 15 meters only.
6.
DEEP VIBRATOR
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention ;
The invention relates to a deep vibrator comprising a propulsion head vibrating in the horizontal direction via a driven eccentric, the propulsion head being secured to the lower end of a suspension tube while the outer wall of the suspension tube includes pipes arranged in the longitudinal direction thereof having at the lower end of the propulsion head a spraying nozzle through which water may be fed under pressure.
Description of the Prior Art Deep vibrators of this kind serve for the production of material columns in the ground, for instance of drainings, stop compressions, concrete piles and the like. To this end, the deep vibrator is driven with its propulsion head actuated by vibrations to the desired depth in the ground. Subsequently, the deep vibrator is withdrawn from the ground by means of a suitable tool while at the same time the proper filling material is filled through the deep vibrator into the hollow space so produced.
A deep vibrator having the features mentioned in the beginning has been known through the journal "Baumaschine und Bautechnik", vol. 1957, no. 12, pp. 411 - 413. This deep vibrator operates in such a way that when immersing the deep vibrator into the ground, its propulsion head i8 caused by an eccentric to oscillate in the horizontal direction. In this way, the propulsion head produces, in the ground surrounding it, an annular space essentially free from ground material so that 1.
, ,.,, . :
11S88 ~'~
by virtue of its proper weight and aided by the pressurized water ejected at its tip, it may be immersed into the ground.
This prior art deep vibrator however operates insofar with a relatively small efficiency as compared to the length covered when immersing per unit of time as the annular space mentioned around its propulsion head is not filled with sufficiently solid material in order to be able to transfer, in a sufficient way, the horizontal oscillations of the eccentric, or the propulsion head, respectively, to the ground material surrounding the propulsion head so that this ground material is not sufficiently pushed back with the disadvantage of a relatively small immersion velocity of this deep vibrator.
Through French Patent Specification No. 1,277,369, a deep vibrator has been known, which is caused to vertically vibrate by means of a vibrator provided on its upper side. In order to avoid, or at least to reduce, adhesion of the deep vibrator to the ground material surrounding it when immersing it into, or withdrawing it from, respectively, the ground, it is provided that pre~surized water is radially ejected via openings provided in the casis of the device.
French Patent Specification No. 455,730 describes a similar device, wherein the body to be immersed is surrounded by a pipe cage in which spraying nozzles are provided.
The two latter devices have in common that they are driven into the ground by vibrations in vertical direction. In that case, no annular space is to be formed at the lower ends of these devices, which would facilitate an immersion of the devices into the ground.
88 ~
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
.. ; .
Starting from a deep vibrator of the kind described in the beginning, it is the aim of the present invention to construct it in such a way that its immersion velocity and also its withdrawing velocity may substantially be increased.
To solve this problem, the invention is characterized in that further spraying nozzles are distributed along the length of the pipes and are so aligned that they spray the water into the annular space surrounding the suspension tube.
Experiments performed in sandy grounds have shown that by such a constructionally easy measure an immersion velocity of the deep vibrator is obtained which is three times higher as compared to the prior art deep vibrator mentioned in the beginning. This i5 essentially caused by the fact that along the length of the suspension tube, the ground surrounding the tube i8 dissolved by the pressurized water and i8 washed downward to the propulsion head. This ground material thus fills the annular space around the propulsion head with solid material, particularly sand, and thus causes the vibrations of the propulsion head to be very effectively transferred onto the ground surrounding the propulsion head so that the propulsion head will produce, within a very short period of time, a suffi-ciently large annular space for the propulsion head to immerse the deep vibrator. Experiments have shown that the water there existing does not disturb these processes, probably because it penetrates ~ufficiently rapidly into the surrounding ground.
The characterizing measures as mentioned will moreover cause the ground around the suspension tube to be constantly kept moist so that the mud thereby formed will constitute a kind of lubricant, which prevents the suspension tube from becoming stuck when lowering the deep vibrator or when subsequently withdrawing it. Sandy grounds in particular are dissolved in the vicinity of the suspension tube so that, as experiments have shown, mate-rial piles to a depth of more than about lO meters may be produced with the novel deep vibrator without any difficulties and with a high speed.
The distance of the spraying nozzles relative to each other should be so selected that the annular space around the suspension tube is sufficiently moistened. A distance of about 15 to 25 cm of the spraying nozzles from each other has shown to be sufficient. The spraying nozzles should essentially be provided along the whole length of the suspension tube. In general, two oppositely arranged spraying pipes are sufficient to charge the annular space. More spraying pipes equally distributed around the suspension tube may however be provided as well. ;
For reasons of stability it is preferred to weld the spraying pipes to the suspension tube.
The spraying nozzles of the spraying pipes should spray the water in about a tangential direction relative to the suspension tube because this produces the best efficiency and impairment by the portion of the spraying tubes not yet immersed into the ground i~ the least.
One may also provide that the spraying pipes are subdivided in the longitudinal direction of the suspension tube into groups separately charged with the pressurized water. In that case only those groups are charged with the spraying water which are at least partly immersed into the ground so that the spraying water is not unnecessarily sprayed over the ground. These groups of spraying pipes should, in a top view of the suspension tube, be angularly displaced relative to each other in order to have room for the feed pipe for the pressurized water for the spraying pipes.
~15~38`~
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplified embodiments from which further important features may be taken. In the Figures, Figure 1 is a schematic lateral view of the essential elements of a novel deep vibrator;
Figure 2 is a schematic section along the line II-II of Figure 1 showing an additional second group of spraying pipes.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
.
Figure 1 shows the essential elements of a deep vibrator, namely a propulsion head 1, which is secured to the lower end of a suspension tube 2. Hoisting equipment not shown engages with a flange 3 of the suspension tube.
To the wall of the suspension tube, spraying pipes 4 are welded, which include nozzles provided along their lengths spraying water in the direction of the arrows (Figure 2), i.e.
essentially tangentially relative to suspension tube 2. In general, two spraying pipes 4 positioned on suspension tube 2 opposite relative to each other are sufficient.
A second set of such spraying pipes as shown in Figure 2, at 5, may be provided as well. In this way, two groups of spraying pipes 4, 5 are formed, which may separately be charged with pressurized water. The pressure pipes for feeding the water to the spraying pipes are not shown.
The nozzles of the spraying pipes are provided in distances relative to each other of about 15 and 25 cm.
The novel deep vibrator is particularly suited to be used in sandy grounds for depths of more than about 10 meters.
~5~8 ~
Experiments have shown that with the aid of the novel deep vibrator material columns to a depth of 25 m may be produced without any problems in a ground in which prior art deep vibrators could be employed to a depth of about 15 meters only.
6.
Claims (8)
1. A deep vibrator comprising a propulsion head vibrating in the horizontal direction via a driven eccentric, said propulsion head being secured to the lower end of a suspension tube the outer wall of said suspension tube including pipes arranged in the longitudinal direction thereof having at the lower end of said propulsion head a spraying nozzle through which water may be fed under pressure, said spraying nozzles being so distributed along the length of said pipes and aligned that they spray water into the annular space surrounding said suspension tube.
2. The deep vibrator recited in claim 1, wherein said spraying pipes are welded to said suspension tube.
3. The deep vibrator recited in claims 1 or 2, wherein said spraying pipes are subdivided, in the longitudinal direction of said suspension tube, into groups separately charged with the pressurized water.
4. The deep vibrator recited in claim 1 wherein said spraying pipes are subdivided in the longitudinal direction of said suspension tube into groups separately charged with pressurized water, the spraying nozzles of a group of said spraying pipes discharging water only when said group is below the surface of the ground.
5. The deep vibrator recited in claim 1 wherein said spraying nozzles spray water in a direction tangential to the exterior surface of said suspension tube.
6. A process for immersing a deep vibrator into and withdrawing it from ground, said deep vibrator comprising a suspension tube, to the lower end of which a propulsion head is secured, comprising the steps of:
vibrating said propulsion head in the horizontal direction as the propulsion head is immersed into or withdrawn from the ground;
ejecting water under pressure from said suspension tube in the area of the tip of said propulsion head as said propulsion head is immersed and withdrawn from the ground;
releasing water under pressure from said suspension tube into the ground material surrounding said suspension tube causing portions of said ground material to be washed into the annular space surrounding said propulsion head.
vibrating said propulsion head in the horizontal direction as the propulsion head is immersed into or withdrawn from the ground;
ejecting water under pressure from said suspension tube in the area of the tip of said propulsion head as said propulsion head is immersed and withdrawn from the ground;
releasing water under pressure from said suspension tube into the ground material surrounding said suspension tube causing portions of said ground material to be washed into the annular space surrounding said propulsion head.
7. The process recited in claim 6 wherein the composition of said ground is sandy in nature.
8. The process recited in claim 6 wherein said water is released from said suspension tube in a direction tangential to the exterior surface of said suspension tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000384722A CA1158876A (en) | 1981-08-27 | 1981-08-27 | Deep vibrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000384722A CA1158876A (en) | 1981-08-27 | 1981-08-27 | Deep vibrator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1158876A true CA1158876A (en) | 1983-12-20 |
Family
ID=4120817
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000384722A Expired CA1158876A (en) | 1981-08-27 | 1981-08-27 | Deep vibrator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1158876A (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-08-27 CA CA000384722A patent/CA1158876A/en not_active Expired
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |