CA1140444A - Building material in particular for a cryogenic enclosure and enclosure provided with such a material - Google Patents

Building material in particular for a cryogenic enclosure and enclosure provided with such a material

Info

Publication number
CA1140444A
CA1140444A CA000328186A CA328186A CA1140444A CA 1140444 A CA1140444 A CA 1140444A CA 000328186 A CA000328186 A CA 000328186A CA 328186 A CA328186 A CA 328186A CA 1140444 A CA1140444 A CA 1140444A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
layers
layer
thickness
composite material
intermediate layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000328186A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Kotcharian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technigaz
Original Assignee
Technigaz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technigaz filed Critical Technigaz
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1140444A publication Critical patent/CA1140444A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
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    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
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    • B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
    • B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
    • B32B2309/105—Thickness
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2311/24—Aluminium
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    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/08—Glass
    • B32B2315/085—Glass fiber cloth or fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
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    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
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    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
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Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

"Building material in particular for a cryogenic enclosure and enclosure provided with such a material".

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

This invention relates to a layered composite material constituting a layered fluid-tight semi-finished building a structural material in the form of a relatively thin and flexible sheet. This composite material comprises two end layers, in particular of mineral fiber such as glassfiber, having a thickness of from 0.3 to 0.6 mm and metallic inter-mediate layer, notably of aluminum, having a thickness of from 0.04 to 0.10 mm.

Description

4~

The present invention relates -to various improvements in and modifications to the earlier invention of the Applicant, describ-ed in French patent N 75067~2 of March 4, 1975 and in the first certificate o~ addition there-to N 7604810 of February 20, 1976.
The applicant has been able to bring out -the fact -that a judicious choice of the thicknesses of the various layers of the layered composi-te material described in the French patent N
7506732 and in the first certi~icate of addition N 7604810 thereto, preferably simultaneously with the selection of speci-fic materials for constituting the various layers of this layered composite material, allow the best conditions of fluid-tightness, mechanical resistance and flexibility to be obtained, as will be set ~orth later in more detail.
It will be recalled that the layered composite ma-terial according to the French patent N 7506732 comprises at least three continuous superposed layers or sheets of cold resisting f1exible material, assembled together by cementing, welding or like superficial adherent binding, and c,omprising at least one first end layer forming a tough or mechanically resistant suppor-t, at least one intermediate layer constituted by an impervious film~ and at least one second end layer which may be of the same nature às -the first end layer.
, ~k.

.

4~

It will also be recalled that, in a first form o~ embodi-men-t, -the said firs-t end layer is of mineral ~iber, in particu~
lar glassfiber, fabric, the said intermedia-te layer is of metal and formed par-ticularly of an aluminum or stainless-s-teel sheet, and the said second end layer is of an elas-tomer material.
The French paten-t N 7506732 also mentions a second form of embodimen-t in which -the said firs-t end layer is of mineral ~iber, par-ticularly glassfiber, fabric, -the said intermediate layer is of metal and particularly formed o~ an aluminum or s-tainless-s-teel shee-t, and -the said second end layer is of mineral fiber, in par-ticular glassfiber, fabric, the layered composite material having this structure being par-ticularly usable as a secondary fluid-tight barrier in a heat-insulating composite wall-structure for cryogenic containers.
According to a third form of embodiment described in -the French patent N 7506732, the layered composite material is con-stitu-ted by four layers, -the first three of which ha~e the same structure as in the second form o:E embodimen-t men-tioned above, the fourth layer, which covers the said second end layer, being 20 of an elas-tomer material fulfilling a function of mechanical protection of the said second end layer, such a composite mater-ial being particularly usable -to consti-tu-te a primary ~luid-tigh-t barrier in a hea-t-insula-ting composi-te wall for a cryo-genic container.
The layered composi-te material according to the present inven-tion is of the general type described in the French patent N~ 7506?32 and i~ the first certi~icat of addi-tion N 7604810 thereto and is characterized in tha-t its two end layers have a thickness cf from 0.3 to 0.6 mm, the intermediate layer having a thickness of from 0. oL~ to 0.10 mm.
In case the said layered composi-te material comprises a ~ourth layer of elastomer material covering the said second end layer, -the -thickness of this four-th layer is comprised, according to the present invention, between 0.3 and 1 mm.
In a first preferred form of embodiment of the present invention, in which the layered composite material comprises only three layers, the two said end layers, having each a thick-ness of from 0.3 to 0.6 mm,are of fiberglass, the said interme diate layer being preerably of aluminum or of stainless-steel, more preferably of aluminum. The thickness of each o~ the fiber-glass layers are then more advantageously comprised between 0.3 and 0.4 mm, whereas the intermediate layer of aluminum has a thickness which is more advantageously comprised between 0.04 and 0.07 mm.
In another preferred form of embodiment of the present invention, in which the layered composite material comprises four layers, three of which, placed consecutively, possess the 10 characteristics just described hereabove in connection wit'n the three-layered composite material according to the first preferred form of embodiment of the inven-tion, and the fourth layer cover-ing the said second end layer of glassfiber is of elas-tomer and has a thickness of from 0.3 to 1 mm.
The elastomer used in the layered composite material of the present inven-tion ,in the form of a layer the thickness of which is comprised between 0.3 and 1 mm, is preferably selec-ted from polyester type polyurethane, such as for example the one known under the commercial denomination "Adipren~", polychloroprenes, 20 particularly known under the commercial denomination "Neoprene", and'chlorosulfonated polyethylene, such as for example the one know~ under the commercial denomination "Hypalon".
Generally, the layered composite material according to the present invention may present, in combination with the character~
25 istics indicated abo~e, all or part of the characteristics des-cribed and/or claimed in the French patent N 7506732 and in the first cer-tifioate o~ addition N 7604810 thereto. Of course, this layered composite material can be used for all the applica-tions described in the French patent N 7506732 and the first 30 certificate of addition N 7604810 thereto.
The present invention also relates to a method of surface assembling of the sheets of the said composite material compris-ing two end layers of glassfiber, -the said method being charac-terized in that the adjacent sheets are so arranged that -their 35 peripheral edges are superposed, an adhesive composition being placed between the two fibrous end layers in mutual contact, pertaining to the said superposed edges, so as to penetrate ' between the fibers of the said two fibrous end layers and thus ensure a very strong bond between the said adJacent sheets.

* Trade Mark Other purposes, characterizing features, or advantages of the present invention, especially in i-ts preferred forms of embodiment, are se-t forth ~ereafter.
The form of embodimen-t in which the two ~nd layers of -the layered composi-te material are glassfiber layers produces surpri:sing effects due to -the fact -that -the material allows. a par-ticularly fluid-tight cryogenic-container coating to be ob-tained extremely easily? as indicated previously, by ~urface-j ux-taposing of -the sheets of the said material and by binding them together along their peripheral edges overlapping one ano-ther in superposition, by means of an adhesive, withoùt it being necessary -to apply pressure, the assembling process being effected at room temperature. ~-This remarkable advantage is essentially due to the sym~et-rical structure of the layered composite material according tothis form of embodiment,since -this structure allows the mutual con-tac-t of two rough-surfaced layers formed of fibers, under such conditions that the binding streng:th is maximum on the one hand because precisely of the non-smooth surface of the two mutually confron-ting layers, -thus allowing the two layers to perfectly cling together along the peripheral edges of the layer-ed composite material sheets, and on the o-ther hand, owing to the penetration of the adhesive composition into each of -the said two layers, on ei-ther side of its interface , which is allowed precisely by the porous structure of the layers.
Under such conditions, a highly satisfactory binding can be ob-tained without applying external pressure and without heat-ing, since the assembling of the said sheets can be easily performed by hand.
Moreover, the risks of cleavage inherent in the cementing of sheets with smooth .outer surfaces are avoided by the use of the said layered composite materialf TheA pplicant will now set forth the critical character of the various above-indicated thicknesses, insof~r as it is desir-ed to obtain excellent flexibili-ty, mechanical resistance and fluid-tightness characteristics of the layered composite material according to the present invention.
In the first place, the use of glassfiber layers of smaller 1~4 -thickness -than 0.3 mm would impar-t thereto a tensile streng~h insufficient -to withstand -the tensile stresses occurring at the joints between the heat-insulating panels of a heat-insulating composi-te wall on which the layered composite material of the presen-t invention, forming a primary or a secondary fluid-tight barrier, is placed, such stresses being due -to the thermal con-tractions undergone by the said panels. Moreover, such glass-fiber layers would no-t be capable o~ withstanding the stresses or forces caused by casual breakage or ~racking of a panel of the subjacent heat-insulating bed.
On the other hand, -the thickness of the said glassfiber layers must not exceed about 0.6 mm, because ? if thicknesses exceeding tha-t value are used, the -tensile stresses due to the thermal contraction of -the material may lead to ruptures of -the insula-tion at the dihedral angle of the heat-insulating wall, where the fastenings allowing the said membrane to be secured and -the stresses due to -the thermal contrac~ion to be -taken up or compensa-ted for are located. In other words, the limita-tion c~ the thickness of each of the said layers a-t that value allows the layered composi-te material according -to the invention to be imparted sufficien-t flexibility -to withs-tand withou-t rupture the said stresses or forces.
The use of an intermedia-te layer of excessive thickness, exceeding about 0.10 mm, wo;lld lead to stresses due to -thermal contraction, which might result in insulation ruptures in the dihedral angles. Moreover, such a thickness ~ould lead in in-creased rigidity of -the composite material and would render i.ts use less easy.
On the other hand, the use of an intermediate layer of a thickness smaller than abou-t 0.04 mm would involve a serious risk of formation of porosity in the said layer, resulting in a loss in fluid-tightness of the layered composite material as a whole.
Also to be pointed out is the fact that, in case the said intermediate layer is of aluminum, the aforementioned thickness range allows large-siæe a].uminum sheets, having for example a thickness up to 1.50 m, to be obtained by rolling, thus permitt-ing large-surfac~ sheets for the layered compositematerial of the invention -to be obtained.

1)4'~

As regards the elastomer layer used as a covering layer on a fibrous end layer in a four-layered material, it should be noted that a thickness smaller than 0.3 mm would not allow the said elastomer layer to fulfill its mechanical protection func-tion. In particular, in the case where this elastomer layercovers a fibrous layer, such as for example a glassfiber layer, a -thickness smaller than about 0.3 mm would not allow an ade-quate abrasion resis-tance to be obtained, for the following reason. Owing to the irregularities of the fibrous layer -elastomer layer interface, the elastomer layer is necessarilyvariable in thickness, the said thickness being minimum at the bosses or peaks of the fibrous layer surface, so that the mech-anical protection is poor in local regions, the elastomer being more or less rapidly eliminated by abrasion in those regions, thus denuding the glassfibers, and resulting in a risk of rupture therein. On the contrary, when the thickness of the elastomer layer is comprised between 0.3 and 1 mm, all the regions of the subjacent fibrous layer are perfec-tly protected and there is no risk of rupture in -this last layer.
The use of glassfiber in preference to other types of fib-ers is justified by the high mechanical resistance of -the glass-~ibers compared with those other fibers, with the exception of aromatic polyamide or aramide fibers, such as for example those known under the coMmercial denomina-tion ~Kevla~" manufactured by Dupont de NEMOURS. However, even thovgh the last-named f~bers exhibit higher mechanical resistance than glassfibers do, they suffer from the disadvantage of a much higher Young's modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion than fibe~glass, resulting in thermal stresses much greater than those prodllced by the_ thermal contraction of glassfiber when the layered composi-te material of the present invention constitutes a f1uid-tight barrier covering a bed of heat-insulating panels of a composite heat-insulating wall of a cryogenic container, right above or below the joints between the said panels. Consequently, the glassfibers offer a set of optimum characteristics which render their use highly preferable in the constitution of the composite material according to the present invention.
Of course, the glassfiber layer or layers of the layered -, .
-~ * Trade Mark composite rnaterial according -to the present invention may have different structures or specific te~tures, a preferred texture being that of a woven glassfiber fabric because of its much higher mechanical resistance or s-trength. ' It should also be pointed out that the composite ~aterial according to the present invention displays an excellent cyclic fatigue behavior and that its imperviousness to liquids and gases is very considerably improved compared with the other fleY~ible membranes used in the composite heat-insulating walls for cryo-genic containers according to the prior art. Thus, with a difference in pressure of 1 bar between the two sides of -the membrane, the fhllowing results are obtained, for a leakage rate D, in the case of a membrane according to the presen-t invention, with t~o end ].ayers of glassfiber fabric and one intermediate layer of aluminum, on the one hand, and in the case of membranes of, respectively, "Myla~" (commercial denomination 'of a product manufactured by Dupont de NEMOURS), of elastomer silicone, and of butyl rukber, on the other hand, :
- material according to the inven-tion : D = 6x10-3 cm3/j.m2 - "Mylar membrane : D = 12 cm3/j.m -elastomer silicone membrane : D = 3,9x105cm3/j.m2 - butyl rubber membrane D = 1.9x103cm3/j.m2 It should also be pointed out 'that the known membranes ~u~t me~tioned are difficul-t to use, ~ the assembling of sheets of the corresponding materials to constitute a continuous membrane requires a welding or cementing process with the applicatDn o~
press~re, which is not the case with the material of the present invention, as mentioned earlier.
In the following table are given the tensile streng'th char-acteristics of the layered composite material of the presentinvention, in the form of embodiment corresponding to the use of two end layers of glassfiber fabric and one intermediate layer constituted by an aluminum sheet, each o~ the glassfiber layers having a thickness of 0.3mm and the thickness of the aluminum sheet being 0.04 mm:
* Trade Mark ~,,,~ .

~4i~444 . . ,.. _ .. ". _ _ _ _.. , . . _ .~ ~ . _, .
i Test -tempera-ture Tensile streng-th -------------~ - --------20C ~196~C
. .
Force required to break : :
1 meter of membrane : 15 tons : 26 tons ---- .
Brea~ingstress- , 3000 bars , 5250 bars :

Of course, -the presen-t invention is by no means limited to the forms of embodiment described. In particu:Lar, it comprises all means constituting technical equivalents to the means des-cribed, as well as their combinations, should the latter be carried out according to i-ts gist and used within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (7)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A layered composite material constituting a layered fluid-tight semi-finished structural or building material in the form of a relatively thin and flexible sheet, plate or strip, comprising an intermediate layer between and in contact with first and second layers, the first and second layers having a thickness of from 0.3 to 0.6 mm and the intermediate layer having a thickness of from 0.04 to 0.10 mm, the first and second layers being of mineral fiber fabric and the intermediate layer being a metallic sheet selected aluminum and stainless steel, and in that the first said layer is of a mineral fiber, in particular glass fiber, fabric, the said intermediate layer is constituted by an impervious sheet of aluminum or stainless-steel and the second said layer is of mineral fiber, in particular glassfiber, fabric.
2. A composite material according to claim 1, wherein the first and second layers are of glassfiber fabric.
3. A composite material according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate layer is of a sheet of aluminum.
4. A composite material according to claim 1, including an elastomer layer covering the second layer, the thickness of the elastomer layer being between 0.3 and 1 mm.
5. A composite material according to claim 3, wherein the first and second layers of glassfiber fabric have a thickness of from 0.3 to 0.4 mm and the aluminum sheet has a thickness of from 0.04 to 0.07 mm.
6. A composite material according to claim 4, charac-terized in that the elastomer layer is selected from elastomer polyurethanes, polychloroprenes and elastomer chlorosulfonated polyethylenes.
7. Method of forming a layered composite fluid-tight semi-finished structural or building material in the form of a relatively thin and flexible sheet, plate or strip and comprising an intermediate layer between and in contact with first and second layers, the intermediate layer being a metallic sheet selected from aluminum and stainless steel having a thickness of from about 0.04 to 0.10 mm, and the first and second layers being of mineral fiber fabric each having a thickness of from about 0.3 to 0.6 mm, the method comprising positioning the intermediate layer between and in contact with the first and second layers, superposing peripheral edges of the first and second layers and placing an adhesive composition therebetween and bringing the peripheral edges of the first and second layers into mutual contact enabling the adhesive composition to penetrate into fibres thereof to strongly and sealingly bind the superposed peripheral edges together.
CA000328186A 1978-05-23 1979-05-23 Building material in particular for a cryogenic enclosure and enclosure provided with such a material Expired CA1140444A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7815303 1978-05-23
FR7815303A FR2426661A2 (en) 1978-05-23 1978-05-23 CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL IN PARTICULAR FOR CRYOGENIC ENCLOSURES AND ENCLOSURES PROVIDED WITH SUCH MATERIAL

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BE (1) BE876477A (en)
BR (1) BR7903230A (en)
CA (1) CA1140444A (en)
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DK (1) DK164448C (en)
ES (1) ES254557Y (en)
FI (1) FI69987C (en)
FR (1) FR2426661A2 (en)
GB (1) GB2025317B (en)
IT (1) IT1115231B (en)
MX (1) MX153374A (en)
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AT405441B (en) * 1997-01-22 1999-08-25 Jos Heiser Vormals J Winter S RIGID HIGH PRESSURE GAS TANK
DE602007005696D1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2010-05-12 Shell Int Research HE CRYOGENIC CONDITIONS
CN103016950B (en) * 2012-12-31 2014-11-26 南京航空航天大学 Manufacturing method of composite material pressure container

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US3138517A (en) * 1960-05-27 1964-06-23 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Metalized laminate
US3392864A (en) * 1965-02-03 1968-07-16 Nasa Usa Insulation system
FR2341536A2 (en) * 1976-02-20 1977-09-16 Technigaz Laminated constructional material for cryogenic containers - consisting of mechanically resistant support, impermeable intermediate layer, sealed protective cover
US4105819A (en) * 1975-03-04 1978-08-08 Technigaz Laminated sheets particularly for cryogenic enclosures, pipes, and the like

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DE2920989A1 (en) 1979-11-29
ES254557U (en) 1981-09-01
FR2426661B2 (en) 1981-12-11
PT69654A (en) 1979-06-01
GB2025317B (en) 1983-01-19
DK210479A (en) 1979-11-24
FI69987C (en) 1986-09-12
IT7922889A0 (en) 1979-05-22
MX153374A (en) 1986-10-07
FI791607A (en) 1979-11-24
DK164448B (en) 1992-06-29
FI69987B (en) 1986-01-31
DE2920989C2 (en) 1991-12-12
GB2025317A (en) 1980-01-23
BR7903230A (en) 1979-12-11
FR2426661A2 (en) 1979-12-21
DK164448C (en) 1992-11-09
ES254557Y (en) 1982-02-16
IT1115231B (en) 1986-02-03
JPS54164314A (en) 1979-12-27
BE876477A (en) 1979-11-23
NL7904107A (en) 1979-11-27

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