CA1132943A - Method for denitration of tobacco employing electrodialysis - Google Patents
Method for denitration of tobacco employing electrodialysisInfo
- Publication number
- CA1132943A CA1132943A CA359,584A CA359584A CA1132943A CA 1132943 A CA1132943 A CA 1132943A CA 359584 A CA359584 A CA 359584A CA 1132943 A CA1132943 A CA 1132943A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- extract
- electrodialysis
- membranes
- solubles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 101
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 42
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 17
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Substances [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010052322 limitin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATLAQRSQSGOMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium platinum Chemical compound [Nb].[Pt] ATLAQRSQSGOMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100042848 Rattus norvegicus Smok gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001415 potassium malate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011033 potassium malate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/127,479 US4253929A (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1980-03-05 | Method for denitration of tobacco employing electrodialysis |
| US127,479 | 1980-03-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1132943A true CA1132943A (en) | 1982-10-05 |
Family
ID=22430349
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA359,584A Expired CA1132943A (en) | 1980-03-05 | 1980-09-05 | Method for denitration of tobacco employing electrodialysis |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4253929A (en, 2012) |
| EP (1) | EP0035052B1 (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JPS56140880A (en, 2012) |
| AU (1) | AU540522B2 (en, 2012) |
| BR (1) | BR8101234A (en, 2012) |
| CA (1) | CA1132943A (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE3069870D1 (en, 2012) |
| DK (1) | DK97481A (en, 2012) |
| ES (1) | ES8205347A1 (en, 2012) |
| GR (1) | GR73893B (en, 2012) |
| PH (1) | PH16773A (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4301817A (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1981-11-24 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method for selective denitration of tobacco |
| US4364401A (en) * | 1980-03-05 | 1982-12-21 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method for selective denitration of tobacco |
| US4685478A (en) * | 1981-10-01 | 1987-08-11 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Thermophilic denitrification of tobacco |
| US4636288A (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1987-01-13 | Vaughan Daniel J | Electrodialytic conversion of multivalent metal salts |
| DE3439900A1 (de) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-04-30 | Alexei 8000 München Filippenko | Tabakfeinschnitt |
| US4936962A (en) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-06-26 | Fmc Corporation | Process for adjusting the pH of an aqueous flowable fluid |
| CH677325A5 (en, 2012) * | 1989-04-28 | 1991-05-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | |
| US5435941A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-07-25 | University Of Louisville | Tobacco extract composition and method |
| JP4159395B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-11 | 2008-10-01 | カゴメ株式会社 | 野菜汁からの硝酸性窒素の除去方法 |
| WO2004098323A1 (ja) * | 2003-05-06 | 2004-11-18 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | 再生タバコ材の製造方法 |
| US20060162733A1 (en) * | 2004-12-01 | 2006-07-27 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Process of reducing generation of benzo[a]pyrene during smoking |
| US9049886B2 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2015-06-09 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Methods and apparatus for the selective removal of constituents from aqueous tobacco extracts |
| CZ2013234A3 (cs) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-06-04 | Membrain S.R.O. | Způsob výroby dusičnanu draselného metodou elektrodialýzy a zařízení k provádění tohoto způsobu |
| US10111458B1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2018-10-30 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for inhibiting formation of nitrosamines |
| CN104223356A (zh) * | 2014-09-03 | 2014-12-24 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种利用两性离子交换膜改善烟草提取物品质的方法 |
| CN105146721A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Pb含量的选择性降低方法 |
| CN105169949A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中As含量的选择性降低方法 |
| CN105029670B (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-06-16 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Zn含量的选择性降低方法 |
| CN105146722A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-16 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Hg含量的选择性降低方法 |
| CN105077560A (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-11-25 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Se含量的选择性降低方法 |
| CN105124741B (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Ni含量的选择性降低方法 |
| US10499684B2 (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2019-12-10 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived flavorants |
| CN106474926A (zh) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-08 | 合肥科佳高分子材料科技有限公司 | 一种通过电渗析技术调控烟草提取或萃取液中糖碱比的方法 |
| US11091446B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-08-17 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Methods of selectively forming substituted pyrazines |
| CN108802131A (zh) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 深圳市西尔曼科技有限公司 | 乙酸电极及其制作方法 |
| CN110693065B (zh) * | 2019-09-20 | 2022-07-01 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种在线控制电渗析处理烟梗提取液离子脱除程度的方法 |
| EP4450142A1 (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-10-23 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Plant extract production method |
| CN117378804A (zh) * | 2023-11-22 | 2024-01-12 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种通过置换电渗析系统降低烟草提取液中nh4+离子的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3493488A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1970-02-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Electrodialysis apparatus |
| FR1547493A (fr) * | 1967-07-25 | 1968-11-29 | Perfectionnements apportés aux moyens pour enlever des ions d'une solution | |
| US3616801A (en) * | 1968-10-28 | 1971-11-02 | Philip Morris Inc | Process for the treatment of tobacco to effect ion removal |
| US3645884A (en) * | 1969-07-10 | 1972-02-29 | Edwin R Gilliland | Electrolytic ion exchange apparatus |
| US3755135A (en) * | 1971-01-20 | 1973-08-28 | A Johnson | Electric demineralizing apparatus |
| US3869376A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1975-03-04 | Alvaro R Tejeda | System for demineralizing water by electrodialysis |
| US3847164A (en) * | 1973-10-11 | 1974-11-12 | Kimberly Clark Co | Method of making reconstituted tobacco having reduced nitrates |
| US4131118A (en) * | 1976-11-12 | 1978-12-26 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method for removal of potassium nitrate from tobacco extracts |
| US4131117A (en) * | 1976-12-21 | 1978-12-26 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method for removal of potassium nitrate from tobacco extracts |
-
1980
- 1980-03-05 US US06/127,479 patent/US4253929A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1980-09-05 EP EP80105313A patent/EP0035052B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-09-05 DE DE8080105313T patent/DE3069870D1/de not_active Expired
- 1980-09-05 CA CA359,584A patent/CA1132943A/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-02-17 GR GR64167A patent/GR73893B/el unknown
- 1981-02-27 BR BR8101234A patent/BR8101234A/pt unknown
- 1981-03-04 DK DK97481A patent/DK97481A/da unknown
- 1981-03-04 ES ES500050A patent/ES8205347A1/es not_active Expired
- 1981-03-04 JP JP3109281A patent/JPS56140880A/ja active Granted
- 1981-03-04 PH PH25314A patent/PH16773A/en unknown
- 1981-03-04 AU AU68080/81A patent/AU540522B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3069870D1 (en) | 1985-02-07 |
| BR8101234A (pt) | 1981-09-08 |
| EP0035052A1 (en) | 1981-09-09 |
| JPS56140880A (en) | 1981-11-04 |
| GR73893B (en, 2012) | 1984-05-16 |
| EP0035052B1 (en) | 1984-12-27 |
| ES500050A0 (es) | 1982-06-01 |
| ES8205347A1 (es) | 1982-06-01 |
| AU6808081A (en) | 1981-09-10 |
| AU540522B2 (en) | 1984-11-22 |
| JPS5729144B2 (en, 2012) | 1982-06-21 |
| DK97481A (da) | 1981-09-06 |
| US4253929A (en) | 1981-03-03 |
| PH16773A (en) | 1984-02-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1132943A (en) | Method for denitration of tobacco employing electrodialysis | |
| EP0035273B1 (en) | Method for selective denitration of tobacco | |
| EP0034922B1 (en) | Tobacco treatment | |
| US4364401A (en) | Method for selective denitration of tobacco | |
| US4302308A (en) | Method for electrolytic denitration of tobacco | |
| US3616801A (en) | Process for the treatment of tobacco to effect ion removal | |
| EP0249925B1 (en) | Method for generating acid and base regenerants and use thereof to regenerate ion-exchange resins | |
| JPS62297484A (ja) | 硫酸亜鉛電解液の精製方法 | |
| US4146455A (en) | Process for treating whey | |
| US3931003A (en) | Ion exchanger for the treatment of waste water | |
| JP2723422B2 (ja) | 生活用水の製造方法 | |
| US4180451A (en) | Apparatus for treating whey | |
| US5064538A (en) | Membrane process for acid recovery | |
| DE2845797C2 (en, 2012) | ||
| CN105148735A (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的选择性调控方法 | |
| CN105029670B (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Zn含量的选择性降低方法 | |
| US3325389A (en) | Process for pretreatment of whey to increase demineralization rate | |
| CN105124742B (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Cr含量的选择性降低方法 | |
| CN105077561B (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Cu含量的选择性降低方法 | |
| DD150227A5 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von alkalimetallhydroxid | |
| CN105124741B (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中Ni含量的选择性降低方法 | |
| CN105148734A (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中铵离子的选择性调控方法 | |
| CN105169949A (zh) | 一种造纸法再造烟叶萃取液中As含量的选择性降低方法 | |
| CN117378804A (zh) | 一种通过置换电渗析系统降低烟草提取液中nh4+离子的方法 | |
| SU899064A1 (ru) | Электродиализатор |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |