CA1120849A - Catalyst delivery system for combustion chamber - Google Patents
Catalyst delivery system for combustion chamberInfo
- Publication number
- CA1120849A CA1120849A CA000316837A CA316837A CA1120849A CA 1120849 A CA1120849 A CA 1120849A CA 000316837 A CA000316837 A CA 000316837A CA 316837 A CA316837 A CA 316837A CA 1120849 A CA1120849 A CA 1120849A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- liquid
- oil
- water
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/02—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/002—Supplying water
- F23L7/005—Evaporated water; Steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
Abstract
Abstract A system for delivering a catalyst into a forced draft entry port of a chemical reaction chamber, such as a fossil fuel combustion chamber, includes a container having an aqueous solution of the catalyst. A suction line extends from an air space above the solution to the entry port. An intake line at atmospheric pressure enters the container and has an end submerged below the surface of the aqueous solution through a float for maintaining the end at a predetermined distance below the surface and thereby establishing a predetermined back pressure.
A layer of oil floats on top of the aqueous solution and may contain a second dissolved catalyst. Air from the intake line bubbles up through the aqueous solution and the oil layer absorbing minute quantities of the catalysts which are carried by the air into the reaction chamber.
Platinum and manganese catalysts improve the efficiency of fossil fuel combustion such as that of the home oil burner.
A layer of oil floats on top of the aqueous solution and may contain a second dissolved catalyst. Air from the intake line bubbles up through the aqueous solution and the oil layer absorbing minute quantities of the catalysts which are carried by the air into the reaction chamber.
Platinum and manganese catalysts improve the efficiency of fossil fuel combustion such as that of the home oil burner.
Description
112l`~849 Water has b~n us~d to improv~ fo~il fu~l combustion in both automotive engines and oil fired furnaces. In the case of automotive engines, air has been humidified prior to the mixing of the gasoline with the air. In the case of oil fired furnaces, steam has been used to atomize the oil. Various techniques have been used for the mixing of water with the constituent substances of the combustion process. These techniques include the spraying of water into a chamber of air as taught in United States Patent 3,107,657 to Cook, the passing of water through gasoline as tàught in United States Patent ~,724,429 to Tomlinson, the forcing of a stream of fine bubbles of air through water as taught in United States Patent 3,767,172 to Mills~ and~the injection of a fine spray of water~into a gas flame as taught in United States Patent 3,809,523 to Varekamp. A more recent technique, taught in United States Patent 3,862,819 to Wentworth, involves the dlspersion of a small portion of the inlet air to a combustion ~chamber, and bubbling the air through water covered wlth a l~ayer of oil. ~
A problem arlses~with~th-~teohniques taught by~the first four of the above~paténts in~that they require the 25 ~ continuous replenishment~of~the~water supply. While ater~use~has~been~reducèd;in the~system of the Wentworth paeent,~i~t is desirable to increasè the efficiency of the combustion to a;greater~extent than that provided by Wentworth. Also, as noted by Wentworth, the systems of the first four patents w~th the larger use of water may cause damage suah as shortening the life of an au~tomobile engine.
In ~acoordance with the invention, one or more cat~-lysts~ are dissolved in ~liquids through which a gas is 35~bubbled for subsequent passage into a chamber wherein a :1~2~849 chemical reaction, such as the combustion of fossil fuel, takes place. A preferred embodiment for the delivery of minute quantities of water containing a catalyst to the oil burner of a furnace comprises a flask containing water in which has been dissolved a chloride of platinum catalyst. A petroleum based oil layer is floated on top of the water. A second catalyst, manganese naphthanate, which is insoluble in water, is dissolved in the oil. The oil burner has a forced air intake port to which is attached a suction line from an air space in the flask above the layer of oil. An intake line brings air at atmospheric pressure into the flask, an end of the intake line being submerged below the surface of the water to provide for the bubbling of air through the water and oil in response to suction of the suction line. A float is attached to the suction line for floating the end of the suction line at a predetermined depth to establish a predetermined back pressure, whereby the bubbling is regulated by the difference between the suction pressure and~the atmospheric pressure independently of the depth of the water. The di;ssolving of the platinum and ~manganese catalysts provides for a fine dispersion of the ~catalysts at the molecular level which permits the absorption of minute quantities of finely dispérsed càt~alyst into the alr bubbles.~ Intimate mixing of the catalysts with the~constituent components of the combus-tio~n~process is thereby attained. The flask with its floa~ting inlet line and outlet suation line may be used for other catalysts, and liauids other than water, such as alcohol, may be utilized. Barium may also be utilized ;in additiog to the aforementioned platinum and manganese as~a catalytic combustion metal. While other halogen compounds of platinum~, such as platinum tetrebromide, may be utllized, the preferred embodiment employs dihydrogen-~platinum hexachloride which decomposes at 60C. The ~; decomposition is believed to make molecular platinum available to the burning fuel, thereby enhancing the .
1~2~49 combustion. $hus, platinum metal is combined with chlorinedissolved in water, carried off by air, and released as a metal at the combustion site at a temperature lower than the combustion temperature.
According to an embodiment of the invention there is pro-vided a method for the delivery for a platinum group metal catalyst to a combustion chamber having an air intake poxt, comprising the steps of: dissolving a platinum group metal compound in a liquid; and passing combustion air to the intake port via the platinum group metal compound solution to entrain the platinum group metal catalyst in the air in a mist or vapor form.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a catalyst delivery system in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the top portion of a flask of Figure l; and 20~ ~ Figures 3 and 4 show, respectively, a side view and a plan vLew~of an alternative embodiment of a float of Figure 1.
Referring to Figure 1, a catalyst delivery system 10 ~comprises a flask 12, a tube 14 having a float 16 positioned near the lower end thereof, a tube 18 having a shut-off valve 20, a furnace 22 with an oil burner 24 therein, and a centri-fugal fan 26 which forces air into the burner 24. The tube 18 has an end 28 which is passed through an aperture in the housing 29 of the fan 26, the end 28 facing in the downstream direction of the air flow thereby inducing suction in the tube 18. Vanes 30 rotate in the direction of arrow 32 to draw air in at the l~Z~8~
port 32 and discharge the air via port 34. The tube 18 serves as an outlet of the flask 12 and is secured at an aperture 36 thereof. The tube 14 is slidably secured to the flask 12 by a tube segment 38 which is fixedly secured to an aperture 40 of the flask. The upper end of the tube 14 is open to the at-mosphere.
The flask 12 is partially filled with water 42 with a layer of oil 44 on the surface of the water. The suction of the tube 18 reduces the air pressure in the space 46 above the oil 44 and water 42 resulting in a lowering of the water level in the tube 14. The float 16 maintains:the bottom end of the tube 14 a predetermined distance below the surface of the water. The position of the float 16 on the tube 14 is ad-justed so that the back pressure of the column of water in the tube 14 is less than the suction in tube 18, whereby atmospheric air is : ' : :
: 20 :
~ .
- 3a -84~
drawn down through the tube 14 and bubbles up past the float 16 and into the space 46. The air bubbles absorb minute quantities of water vapor and oil as well as substances dissolved therein. In particular, soluble compounds of metals, such as platinum and manganese which serve as catalysts in combustion reactions, are dissolved in the water 42 and oil 44, respectively.
The dissolving of catalysts in the liquids contained in the flask 12 provides a fine dispersion of the catalysts such that molecules of the catalysts can be carried off by the emerging air bubbles and, via tube 18, to the combustion region within the furnace 22. The substances in the liquids of the flask 12 may be absorbed into the air in the manner of absorbing water vapor to ma~e air humid, or alternatively, the substances may be suspended in the air such as aerosols or droplets of water in a fog.
The absorption at the molecular level is preferred since it permits the metering of minute quantities of the catalysts in precisely the amount desired without any catalyst waste. In contrast, the suspension of aerosols of the catalyst is more wasteful since far more catalyst is consumed than is required. In addition, the suspension of aerosols consumes much of the water so that refilling of the flask 12 is required at much more frequent intervals.
The viscosity of the liquid is an important factor in limiting the production of aerosols from the bursting b;ubbles at the interface of the liquid and air. Thus, while a liquid of lower viscosity such as water permits vigorous bubbling and the consequent splatterlng and formation of aerosols, a viscous liquid such as heavy oil permits no more than a gradual movement of bubbles without the splattering and formation of aerosols. The layer of oil 44 has sufficient viscosity to insure that no splattering of either the oil 44 of water 42 occurs with the consequent conservation of the oil and water, and the catalysts dissolved therein.
The f lask 12 is made of a rigid material impervious t~ t~ ui~ tain~ t~l~r~in. In tl~ pr~f~rr~
~m~odinl~r~ wn~r~in oil ~ind wat~r ar~ u~d, the flask may be mad~ of L31~s or, ~r~farably, of ~ ~hatt~r resistant plastic such a~ a polyearbonate resin marketed under the S name LEXAN. The float 16 is a right circular cylinder of foamed polyurethane, and has an aperture therein for the passage of the tube 14. In assembling the flask 12, the float 16 is first positioned on the tube 14, and then the tube is passed through the open bottom of the flask and slid through the tube segment 38. A cover plate 48 is then adhesively secured to a rim S0 around the bottom edge of the flask 12. Bolts 52 pass through a flange 54 of the flask for securing it to a mounting surface, such as the floor of a furnace room. The lower end of the tuba 14 is cut at an angle of approxLmately 45 degrees to permit bubbling even when the bottom end of the tube is near to or in contact with the cover plate 48. The cover plate, the tubes 14 and 18, and the tube segment 38 are all constructed of the same material used in making the flask 12.
In a practical example, the tube segment 38 has a length of one inch and an insidé diameter of 0.750 inch.
The tube 14 ha8 an in81de diameter of S/8 inch. The outside surface of the~tube~14 is~ground to provide an outside diameter of 0.748 inch~which gives~0.001 inch clearanco around~ the~tube~;~l4.~ Thereby, there is a sufficiently snu~ it between the~tube 14 and the tube b segment 38 to penmit~no mor ~ehan a negligible amount of ~air to pass between the tube 14~and the tube segment 38 3~0~ whilo ponmitting tho~tùbe to slide within the tube segment. The flask 12 has a paraboloidal shape With a height of nine inches and a base diameter of sixteen inches~ A fiheet of 1/8 inch thick LEXAN was u~ed in fabricating the flask 12. The diameter of the tu~e lB
may be equal to that of the tube 14 or slightly smaller, such as 1/2 inch outside diameter.
Figure 2 shows an~ alternative embodiment of the top porti~n of the flask 12 of Figure 1, indentified by * a trade mark .....
.
~1:121~
the legend 12A, and also an alternative form of the float identified by the legend 16A. A plate 56 of the same material utilized in making the flask 12A is adhesively secured to the inner surface of the top of the flask. A
valve 58, such as the shut-off valve 20 of Figure 1, is secured by a section of pipe 60 having a 1/2 inch pipe thread to the plate 56. Instead of grinding the outer surface of the tube 14, the diameter of the tube 14 is retained at 0.750 inch, and the plate 56 is provided with an aperture reamed to 0.752 inch. The resulting clearance is the same as that described above for the flask 12 of~Figure 1. The lower edge of the float 16A
is cur~ed to provide for a smooth flow of bubbles around it.
Figures 3-4 show an alternative embodiment of the float 16 of Figure 1, identified by the legend 16B. The bottom surface of the float 16B curves gently upwards toward the top surface for promoting a smooth flow of bubbles. A set of radial spurs 62 is positioned about the periphery of the float 16B for retarding the propagation of bubbles through the oil 44 and thereby further inhibiting any splattering. Thus, both the increased viscosity of the oil 44 and the physical structure o~ the float 16B coact to inhi~it splattering and the formation of aerosols of water and oil.
R~ferring again to Figure 1, the time of propagation of a bubble through the layer of oil 44 depends on the thickness of the layer of oil, and may be adjusted by adding or deleting a quantity of oil. The propagation time within the water may be increased by enlarging the diameter of the float to lengthen the path through which the bubbles flow. In this way, the relative amounts of oil, water~ and catalysts dissolved therein may be regulated. Oil such as that utilized in two-cycle gasoline engines has been utilized effectively for the layer of oil 44. Catalysts such as platinum and manganese have been utilized. Chloride and naphthanate l~Zt~ 9 have been utilized for forming solutions, respectively, in water and oil. Thus, dihydrogen-platinum hexachloride dissolves in the water and manganese naphthanate dissolves in the oil. The rate of absorption of the catalysts into the air carried by the tube 18 is proportional to the bubbling rate, which is regulated by the height of the column of water in the tube 14. The height of the column of water is preset by the venting of the tube 14 to the atmosphere and the position of the float 16 relative to the end of the tube. Upon initial installation of the tube 14, the float 16 is positioned high up on the tube and the oil and water are then poured in through the top end of the tube. After the oil and water have reached their equilibrium positions, and after suction by the fan 26 is commenced via the tube 18, the float 16 is urged into position by withdrawing the tube 14 upwardly through the aperture in the top of the flask 12.
By way of example, where the oil burner 24 burns oil at the rate of approximately 15 gallons per hour, the flask 12 is filled to a height of six inches with water 42 and the layer of oil 44 is 1/4 inch deep. The concentra-tion of the catalyst is not critical since the bubbling rate can be adjusted to provide a desired temperature to the flame of the burner 24. With respect to the catalyst H2PtC16 6H2O, a concentration of one gram of catalyst dissolved in 32 gallons of water has been used. A
bubbling rate of 2-4 bubbles per second has been used.
'.
.
.
. .
.
A problem arlses~with~th-~teohniques taught by~the first four of the above~paténts in~that they require the 25 ~ continuous replenishment~of~the~water supply. While ater~use~has~been~reducèd;in the~system of the Wentworth paeent,~i~t is desirable to increasè the efficiency of the combustion to a;greater~extent than that provided by Wentworth. Also, as noted by Wentworth, the systems of the first four patents w~th the larger use of water may cause damage suah as shortening the life of an au~tomobile engine.
In ~acoordance with the invention, one or more cat~-lysts~ are dissolved in ~liquids through which a gas is 35~bubbled for subsequent passage into a chamber wherein a :1~2~849 chemical reaction, such as the combustion of fossil fuel, takes place. A preferred embodiment for the delivery of minute quantities of water containing a catalyst to the oil burner of a furnace comprises a flask containing water in which has been dissolved a chloride of platinum catalyst. A petroleum based oil layer is floated on top of the water. A second catalyst, manganese naphthanate, which is insoluble in water, is dissolved in the oil. The oil burner has a forced air intake port to which is attached a suction line from an air space in the flask above the layer of oil. An intake line brings air at atmospheric pressure into the flask, an end of the intake line being submerged below the surface of the water to provide for the bubbling of air through the water and oil in response to suction of the suction line. A float is attached to the suction line for floating the end of the suction line at a predetermined depth to establish a predetermined back pressure, whereby the bubbling is regulated by the difference between the suction pressure and~the atmospheric pressure independently of the depth of the water. The di;ssolving of the platinum and ~manganese catalysts provides for a fine dispersion of the ~catalysts at the molecular level which permits the absorption of minute quantities of finely dispérsed càt~alyst into the alr bubbles.~ Intimate mixing of the catalysts with the~constituent components of the combus-tio~n~process is thereby attained. The flask with its floa~ting inlet line and outlet suation line may be used for other catalysts, and liauids other than water, such as alcohol, may be utilized. Barium may also be utilized ;in additiog to the aforementioned platinum and manganese as~a catalytic combustion metal. While other halogen compounds of platinum~, such as platinum tetrebromide, may be utllized, the preferred embodiment employs dihydrogen-~platinum hexachloride which decomposes at 60C. The ~; decomposition is believed to make molecular platinum available to the burning fuel, thereby enhancing the .
1~2~49 combustion. $hus, platinum metal is combined with chlorinedissolved in water, carried off by air, and released as a metal at the combustion site at a temperature lower than the combustion temperature.
According to an embodiment of the invention there is pro-vided a method for the delivery for a platinum group metal catalyst to a combustion chamber having an air intake poxt, comprising the steps of: dissolving a platinum group metal compound in a liquid; and passing combustion air to the intake port via the platinum group metal compound solution to entrain the platinum group metal catalyst in the air in a mist or vapor form.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a catalyst delivery system in accordance with the invention;
Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the top portion of a flask of Figure l; and 20~ ~ Figures 3 and 4 show, respectively, a side view and a plan vLew~of an alternative embodiment of a float of Figure 1.
Referring to Figure 1, a catalyst delivery system 10 ~comprises a flask 12, a tube 14 having a float 16 positioned near the lower end thereof, a tube 18 having a shut-off valve 20, a furnace 22 with an oil burner 24 therein, and a centri-fugal fan 26 which forces air into the burner 24. The tube 18 has an end 28 which is passed through an aperture in the housing 29 of the fan 26, the end 28 facing in the downstream direction of the air flow thereby inducing suction in the tube 18. Vanes 30 rotate in the direction of arrow 32 to draw air in at the l~Z~8~
port 32 and discharge the air via port 34. The tube 18 serves as an outlet of the flask 12 and is secured at an aperture 36 thereof. The tube 14 is slidably secured to the flask 12 by a tube segment 38 which is fixedly secured to an aperture 40 of the flask. The upper end of the tube 14 is open to the at-mosphere.
The flask 12 is partially filled with water 42 with a layer of oil 44 on the surface of the water. The suction of the tube 18 reduces the air pressure in the space 46 above the oil 44 and water 42 resulting in a lowering of the water level in the tube 14. The float 16 maintains:the bottom end of the tube 14 a predetermined distance below the surface of the water. The position of the float 16 on the tube 14 is ad-justed so that the back pressure of the column of water in the tube 14 is less than the suction in tube 18, whereby atmospheric air is : ' : :
: 20 :
~ .
- 3a -84~
drawn down through the tube 14 and bubbles up past the float 16 and into the space 46. The air bubbles absorb minute quantities of water vapor and oil as well as substances dissolved therein. In particular, soluble compounds of metals, such as platinum and manganese which serve as catalysts in combustion reactions, are dissolved in the water 42 and oil 44, respectively.
The dissolving of catalysts in the liquids contained in the flask 12 provides a fine dispersion of the catalysts such that molecules of the catalysts can be carried off by the emerging air bubbles and, via tube 18, to the combustion region within the furnace 22. The substances in the liquids of the flask 12 may be absorbed into the air in the manner of absorbing water vapor to ma~e air humid, or alternatively, the substances may be suspended in the air such as aerosols or droplets of water in a fog.
The absorption at the molecular level is preferred since it permits the metering of minute quantities of the catalysts in precisely the amount desired without any catalyst waste. In contrast, the suspension of aerosols of the catalyst is more wasteful since far more catalyst is consumed than is required. In addition, the suspension of aerosols consumes much of the water so that refilling of the flask 12 is required at much more frequent intervals.
The viscosity of the liquid is an important factor in limiting the production of aerosols from the bursting b;ubbles at the interface of the liquid and air. Thus, while a liquid of lower viscosity such as water permits vigorous bubbling and the consequent splatterlng and formation of aerosols, a viscous liquid such as heavy oil permits no more than a gradual movement of bubbles without the splattering and formation of aerosols. The layer of oil 44 has sufficient viscosity to insure that no splattering of either the oil 44 of water 42 occurs with the consequent conservation of the oil and water, and the catalysts dissolved therein.
The f lask 12 is made of a rigid material impervious t~ t~ ui~ tain~ t~l~r~in. In tl~ pr~f~rr~
~m~odinl~r~ wn~r~in oil ~ind wat~r ar~ u~d, the flask may be mad~ of L31~s or, ~r~farably, of ~ ~hatt~r resistant plastic such a~ a polyearbonate resin marketed under the S name LEXAN. The float 16 is a right circular cylinder of foamed polyurethane, and has an aperture therein for the passage of the tube 14. In assembling the flask 12, the float 16 is first positioned on the tube 14, and then the tube is passed through the open bottom of the flask and slid through the tube segment 38. A cover plate 48 is then adhesively secured to a rim S0 around the bottom edge of the flask 12. Bolts 52 pass through a flange 54 of the flask for securing it to a mounting surface, such as the floor of a furnace room. The lower end of the tuba 14 is cut at an angle of approxLmately 45 degrees to permit bubbling even when the bottom end of the tube is near to or in contact with the cover plate 48. The cover plate, the tubes 14 and 18, and the tube segment 38 are all constructed of the same material used in making the flask 12.
In a practical example, the tube segment 38 has a length of one inch and an insidé diameter of 0.750 inch.
The tube 14 ha8 an in81de diameter of S/8 inch. The outside surface of the~tube~14 is~ground to provide an outside diameter of 0.748 inch~which gives~0.001 inch clearanco around~ the~tube~;~l4.~ Thereby, there is a sufficiently snu~ it between the~tube 14 and the tube b segment 38 to penmit~no mor ~ehan a negligible amount of ~air to pass between the tube 14~and the tube segment 38 3~0~ whilo ponmitting tho~tùbe to slide within the tube segment. The flask 12 has a paraboloidal shape With a height of nine inches and a base diameter of sixteen inches~ A fiheet of 1/8 inch thick LEXAN was u~ed in fabricating the flask 12. The diameter of the tu~e lB
may be equal to that of the tube 14 or slightly smaller, such as 1/2 inch outside diameter.
Figure 2 shows an~ alternative embodiment of the top porti~n of the flask 12 of Figure 1, indentified by * a trade mark .....
.
~1:121~
the legend 12A, and also an alternative form of the float identified by the legend 16A. A plate 56 of the same material utilized in making the flask 12A is adhesively secured to the inner surface of the top of the flask. A
valve 58, such as the shut-off valve 20 of Figure 1, is secured by a section of pipe 60 having a 1/2 inch pipe thread to the plate 56. Instead of grinding the outer surface of the tube 14, the diameter of the tube 14 is retained at 0.750 inch, and the plate 56 is provided with an aperture reamed to 0.752 inch. The resulting clearance is the same as that described above for the flask 12 of~Figure 1. The lower edge of the float 16A
is cur~ed to provide for a smooth flow of bubbles around it.
Figures 3-4 show an alternative embodiment of the float 16 of Figure 1, identified by the legend 16B. The bottom surface of the float 16B curves gently upwards toward the top surface for promoting a smooth flow of bubbles. A set of radial spurs 62 is positioned about the periphery of the float 16B for retarding the propagation of bubbles through the oil 44 and thereby further inhibiting any splattering. Thus, both the increased viscosity of the oil 44 and the physical structure o~ the float 16B coact to inhi~it splattering and the formation of aerosols of water and oil.
R~ferring again to Figure 1, the time of propagation of a bubble through the layer of oil 44 depends on the thickness of the layer of oil, and may be adjusted by adding or deleting a quantity of oil. The propagation time within the water may be increased by enlarging the diameter of the float to lengthen the path through which the bubbles flow. In this way, the relative amounts of oil, water~ and catalysts dissolved therein may be regulated. Oil such as that utilized in two-cycle gasoline engines has been utilized effectively for the layer of oil 44. Catalysts such as platinum and manganese have been utilized. Chloride and naphthanate l~Zt~ 9 have been utilized for forming solutions, respectively, in water and oil. Thus, dihydrogen-platinum hexachloride dissolves in the water and manganese naphthanate dissolves in the oil. The rate of absorption of the catalysts into the air carried by the tube 18 is proportional to the bubbling rate, which is regulated by the height of the column of water in the tube 14. The height of the column of water is preset by the venting of the tube 14 to the atmosphere and the position of the float 16 relative to the end of the tube. Upon initial installation of the tube 14, the float 16 is positioned high up on the tube and the oil and water are then poured in through the top end of the tube. After the oil and water have reached their equilibrium positions, and after suction by the fan 26 is commenced via the tube 18, the float 16 is urged into position by withdrawing the tube 14 upwardly through the aperture in the top of the flask 12.
By way of example, where the oil burner 24 burns oil at the rate of approximately 15 gallons per hour, the flask 12 is filled to a height of six inches with water 42 and the layer of oil 44 is 1/4 inch deep. The concentra-tion of the catalyst is not critical since the bubbling rate can be adjusted to provide a desired temperature to the flame of the burner 24. With respect to the catalyst H2PtC16 6H2O, a concentration of one gram of catalyst dissolved in 32 gallons of water has been used. A
bubbling rate of 2-4 bubbles per second has been used.
'.
.
.
. .
.
Claims (3)
1. A method for the delivery for a platinum group metal catalyst to a combustion chamber having an air intake port, comprising the steps of:
dissolving a platinum group metal compound in a liquid;
and passing combustion air to said intake port via said platinum group metal compound solution to entrain said platinum group metal catalyst in said air in a mist or vapor form.
dissolving a platinum group metal compound in a liquid;
and passing combustion air to said intake port via said platinum group metal compound solution to entrain said platinum group metal catalyst in said air in a mist or vapor form.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said liquid is water and said compound is a chloride of platinum.
3. A method according to 1 or 2 for delivering a platinum group metal compound solution to a forced draft inlet port of a combustion chamber, comprising:
providing an entry point for air at a distance below the surface of said liquid;
maintaining the distance of the air entry point below the liquid surface independently of the depth of said liquid; and coupling a suction line from a point above said liquid surface within a container of said liquid to said inlet port for drawing said air from said entry point through said liquid to produce bubbles of said air, said maintaining means having an extended external surface for guiding said bubbles through an extended region through said liquid for absorbing said catalyst into said air.
providing an entry point for air at a distance below the surface of said liquid;
maintaining the distance of the air entry point below the liquid surface independently of the depth of said liquid; and coupling a suction line from a point above said liquid surface within a container of said liquid to said inlet port for drawing said air from said entry point through said liquid to produce bubbles of said air, said maintaining means having an extended external surface for guiding said bubbles through an extended region through said liquid for absorbing said catalyst into said air.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86241177A | 1977-12-20 | 1977-12-20 | |
| US862,411 | 1977-12-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1120849A true CA1120849A (en) | 1982-03-30 |
Family
ID=25338433
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000316837A Expired CA1120849A (en) | 1977-12-20 | 1978-11-24 | Catalyst delivery system for combustion chamber |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5496836A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4281778A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1120849A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2854126A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK568578A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2412345A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2010393B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL56145A0 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO784276L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ189018A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7813002L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA786860B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4410467A (en) * | 1981-11-09 | 1983-10-18 | Wentworth Fred Albert Jr | Ion-vapor generator and method |
| US4475483A (en) * | 1983-04-15 | 1984-10-09 | Robinson Barnett J | Catalyst delivery system |
| JPS60207824A (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-19 | バ−ネツト・ジエイ・ロビンソン | Catalyst delivery system |
| DE4018797C1 (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1991-05-23 | Miltiathis Markou | |
| TR26566A (en) * | 1991-07-02 | 1995-03-15 | Miltiathis Markou | A METHOD AND REGULATION FOR IMPROVING COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY IN AN ICIN COMBUSTION ENGINE. |
| DE4129297C2 (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1998-11-19 | Oberland Mangold Gmbh | Device for supplying a fuel additive for an internal combustion engine |
| DE29818498U1 (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-02-24 | Celcat International Ltd | Device for introducing a composition containing cerium oxide into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
| AR074096A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2010-12-22 | Bortolussi Osvaldo Daniel | ECOLOGICAL DEVICE / FUEL OPTIMIZER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES THAT INCREASES A MASS OF MOISTURE AIR THAT ENTERS SUCH ENGINE EITHER BY VACUUM SUCTION OR BY NORMAL ASPIRATION |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2460700A (en) * | 1947-07-01 | 1949-02-01 | Leo Corp | Method of operating an internal-combustion engine |
| BE698505A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1967-11-03 | ||
| CH535896A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1973-04-15 | Maingeot Raymond | Process for improving the combustion of a fuel and for reducing the proportion of harmful elements in its residues |
| GB1364696A (en) * | 1970-12-04 | 1974-08-29 | Kleinig F L | Liquid injection apparatus for internal combustion engine |
| BE772389A (en) * | 1971-09-09 | 1972-01-17 | Colle Andre Gabriel | AIR CONDITIONING PROCESS AND APPARATUS. |
| AR208304A1 (en) * | 1974-01-02 | 1976-12-20 | Wentworth F | A METHOD FOR ADDING WATER VAPOR TO THE COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURE IN A COMBUSTION APPARATUS THAT HAS FORCED AIR INTAKE AND A APPARATUS TO CARRY OUT THE METHOD |
| JPS5551124B2 (en) * | 1974-06-04 | 1980-12-22 | ||
| JPS51128031A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1976-11-08 | Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd | Process of preventing generation of no# |
| DK87377A (en) * | 1976-03-01 | 1977-09-02 | K R Schena | CATALYST GENERATOR |
| US4014637A (en) * | 1976-03-01 | 1977-03-29 | Schena Kenneth R | Catalyst generator |
| US4009984A (en) * | 1976-03-08 | 1977-03-01 | Morrison Charles F | Vapor injection system for fuel combustion |
-
1978
- 1978-11-24 CA CA000316837A patent/CA1120849A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-27 NZ NZ189018A patent/NZ189018A/en unknown
- 1978-12-01 GB GB7846964A patent/GB2010393B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-06 ZA ZA786860A patent/ZA786860B/en unknown
- 1978-12-07 IL IL56145A patent/IL56145A0/en unknown
- 1978-12-11 JP JP15213878A patent/JPS5496836A/en active Granted
- 1978-12-15 DE DE19782854126 patent/DE2854126A1/en active Granted
- 1978-12-18 DK DK568578A patent/DK568578A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-12-18 SE SE7813002A patent/SE7813002L/en unknown
- 1978-12-19 NO NO784276A patent/NO784276L/en unknown
- 1978-12-19 FR FR7835642A patent/FR2412345A1/en active Granted
- 1978-12-21 AU AU42817/78A patent/AU4281778A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU4281778A (en) | 1980-06-26 |
| DE2854126A1 (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| NO784276L (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| GB2010393B (en) | 1982-06-30 |
| SE7813002L (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| FR2412345A1 (en) | 1979-07-20 |
| DK568578A (en) | 1979-06-21 |
| GB2010393A (en) | 1979-06-27 |
| NZ189018A (en) | 1980-04-28 |
| FR2412345B1 (en) | 1984-09-28 |
| DE2854126C2 (en) | 1988-09-29 |
| JPS6359042B2 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
| JPS5496836A (en) | 1979-07-31 |
| ZA786860B (en) | 1980-01-30 |
| IL56145A0 (en) | 1979-03-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4295816A (en) | Catalyst delivery system | |
| US4475483A (en) | Catalyst delivery system | |
| EP0036765B1 (en) | Exhaust gas scrubber for internal combustion engines | |
| CA1268566A (en) | Method and device for water-airing | |
| CA1120849A (en) | Catalyst delivery system for combustion chamber | |
| US4201555A (en) | Method and apparatus for degasification of liquid by induced vortexing | |
| EP0239693B1 (en) | Method of supplying air masses and producing jets of water | |
| CA2025986A1 (en) | Purification and aeration of open waters | |
| US5350543A (en) | Method and apparatus for aerating an aqueous solution | |
| EP0372353A2 (en) | Fuel for reducing the noxiousness of exhaust gases, particularly for internal-combustion engines | |
| RU195744U1 (en) | WATER OXYGENATION DEVICE | |
| US4965022A (en) | Process for dissolving a gas in a liquid | |
| US4687494A (en) | Apparatus and method for pumping air | |
| RU2007118471A (en) | LIQUID AND FOAM CLEANING DEVICE | |
| US4173449A (en) | Surfactant system for fuel catalyzer | |
| GB2059790A (en) | Apparatus for combining a liquid and a gas | |
| SU1671161A3 (en) | Method for feeding air and obtaining circulating flows of water | |
| US1232694A (en) | Carbonator. | |
| EP2320059A1 (en) | Ecological/fuel optimization device for internal combustion engines which increases a moist air mass entering said engine by means of vacuum suction or normal aspiration | |
| SU794261A1 (en) | Air hydraulic plant | |
| CN201273239Y (en) | Oil-gas separating device of motorcycle | |
| JPS6115934Y2 (en) | ||
| RU2150043C1 (en) | Gas-burner unit | |
| SU1065353A1 (en) | Apparatus for deaerating liquid | |
| RU2078722C1 (en) | Reservoir for crude oil and oil products |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |