CA1113221A - Multichamber photoreactor - Google Patents
Multichamber photoreactorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1113221A CA1113221A CA308,721A CA308721A CA1113221A CA 1113221 A CA1113221 A CA 1113221A CA 308721 A CA308721 A CA 308721A CA 1113221 A CA1113221 A CA 1113221A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- radiation
- flow
- set forth
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 208000036366 Sensation of pressure Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptasodium;tungsten;nonatriacontahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W].[W] RVRCFVVLDHTFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 suartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- QNGVNLMMEQUVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-diethylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 QNGVNLMMEQUVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001268418 Lixa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017276 Salvia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001072909 Salvia Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000946381 Timon Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003455 independent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOHZPMXAZQZXHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pipemidic acid Chemical compound N1=C2N(CC)C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=CN=C1N1CCNCC1 JOHZPMXAZQZXHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010085990 projectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
- A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
- A23B2/50—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by irradiation without heating
- A23B2/53—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by irradiation without heating with ultraviolet light
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
- C02F2201/3221—Lamps suspended above a water surface or pipe
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
- C02F2201/3227—Units with two or more lamps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
- C02F2201/3228—Units having reflectors, e.g. coatings, baffles, plates, mirrors
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP2735550.6 | 1977-08-06 | ||
| DE19772735550 DE2735550A1 (de) | 1977-08-06 | 1977-08-06 | Mehrkammer-photoreaktor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1113221A true CA1113221A (en) | 1981-12-01 |
Family
ID=6015819
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA308,721A Expired CA1113221A (en) | 1977-08-06 | 1978-08-03 | Multichamber photoreactor |
Country Status (13)
Families Citing this family (79)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2904242A1 (de) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-08-14 | Guenther O Prof Dr Schenck | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung, insbesondere zur entkeimung und desinfektion |
| JPS588811B2 (ja) * | 1979-04-10 | 1983-02-17 | マルイ工業株式会社 | 緑藻類の生育抑制および除去方法 |
| US4336223A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1982-06-22 | Leon Hillman | Ultraviolet method for disinfection and sterilization of fluids |
| US4400270A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1983-08-23 | Adco Aerospace, Inc. | Ultraviolet apparatus for disinfection and sterilization of fluids |
| EP0045201A1 (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1982-02-03 | Liquipak International B.V. | A method of rendering material aseptic |
| US4322291A (en) * | 1980-08-19 | 1982-03-30 | Ho Kuo Sheng | Water-dispensers |
| NO147551C (no) * | 1980-11-10 | 1983-05-04 | Int Farvefabrik As | Apparat til desinfeksjon av vaesker. |
| JPS60159596A (ja) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-21 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 生物汚損防止方法 |
| AT388365B (de) * | 1986-11-17 | 1989-06-12 | Venturama Ag | Vorrichtung zur aufbereitung von wasser |
| US5186907A (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1993-02-16 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for treating organic waste gas |
| DE4124843A1 (de) * | 1991-07-26 | 1993-01-28 | Ultra Systems Gmbh Uv Oxidatio | Verfahren zur aufbereitung von mit organischen substanzen belastetem rohtrinkwasser |
| US5208461A (en) * | 1991-10-03 | 1993-05-04 | Simon Hydro-Aerobics, Inc. | Ultra-violet wastewater disinfection system |
| US5322569A (en) * | 1991-10-08 | 1994-06-21 | General Dynamics Corporation | Ultraviolet marine anti-biofouling systems |
| US5288412A (en) * | 1992-01-09 | 1994-02-22 | Voorhees Michael T | Gray water processing system |
| CA2131564A1 (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1993-09-16 | Ronald L. Barnes | Apparatus and process for cleaning ocular prostheses |
| DE651730T1 (de) * | 1992-07-23 | 1996-03-14 | Diversey Corp., Mississauga, Ontario | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur überwachung von mikroorganismen. |
| US5453310A (en) * | 1992-08-11 | 1995-09-26 | E. Khashoggi Industries | Cementitious materials for use in packaging containers and their methods of manufacture |
| US5401394A (en) * | 1993-01-11 | 1995-03-28 | Amway Corporation | Water treatment system ultraviolet bulb voltage monitor circuit |
| DE4438052C2 (de) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-07-16 | Guenther O Prof Dr Schenck | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Strahlungsquelle zur oxidativen Photopurifikation |
| DE19517039C2 (de) * | 1994-10-25 | 2002-07-18 | Guenther O Schenck | Vorrichtung zur oxidativen Photopurifikation |
| US5792433A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 1998-08-11 | Photoscience Japan Corporation | Light irradiating device with easily replaceable light irradiating lamps |
| DK0824368T3 (da) * | 1995-05-09 | 2000-07-03 | Labatt Brewing Co Ltd | Statisk indretning til strømningsblanding af fluider |
| US5696380A (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1997-12-09 | Labatt Brewing Company Limited | Flow-through photo-chemical reactor |
| US5730934A (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1998-03-24 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Method and apparatus for sterilizing packaging TRX-349 |
| GB9719894D0 (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1997-11-19 | Newman Paul B D | Microbial decontamination of food |
| WO2000026029A1 (en) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-11 | Xenon Corporation | A spiral-shaped lamp for uv curing of coatings and bonding for a digital versatile disk (dvd) or compact disk (cd) |
| US6429438B1 (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2002-08-06 | Waterhealth International, Inc. | Ultraviolet light detector for liquid disinfection unit |
| US6264836B1 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2001-07-24 | Robert M. Lantis | Method and apparatus for decontaminating fluids using ultraviolet radiation |
| US6332981B1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-12-25 | Walter Thomas Loyd | Ultra violet liquid purification system |
| US6779318B2 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2004-08-24 | The Coca-Cola Company | System and method for continuously forming, sealing and filling flexible packages |
| US6405764B1 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2002-06-18 | The Coca-Cola Company | System and method for packaging of beverages in containers at controlled temperatures |
| US6443189B1 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2002-09-03 | The Coca-Cola Company | Valve assembly for filling containers |
| US8734654B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2014-05-27 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Method for treating a substance with wave energy from an electrical arc and a second source |
| US7622693B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2009-11-24 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Plasma whirl reactor apparatus and methods of use |
| US10188119B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2019-01-29 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Method for treating a substance with wave energy from plasma and an electrical arc |
| US7422695B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2008-09-09 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Treatment of fluids with wave energy from a carbon arc |
| US8981250B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2015-03-17 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Apparatus for treating a substance with wave energy from plasma and an electrical Arc |
| US7857972B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-12-28 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Apparatus for treating liquids with wave energy from an electrical arc |
| US8734643B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2014-05-27 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | Apparatus for treating a substance with wave energy from an electrical arc and a second source |
| US8764978B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2014-07-01 | Foret Plasma Labs, Llc | System for treating a substance with wave energy from an electrical arc and a second source |
| CA2457147A1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-02-27 | Trojan Technologies Inc. | Energy-based process for fluid treatment and system therefor |
| US7169311B2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2007-01-30 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Apparatus for disinfecting water using ultraviolet radiation |
| AU2002363320B2 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2006-02-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Ultraviolet disinfecting apparatus |
| US7015568B2 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2006-03-21 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | System for ultraviolet atmospheric seed layer remediation |
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-
1977
- 1977-08-06 DE DE19772735550 patent/DE2735550A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1978
- 1978-06-20 IE IE1237/78A patent/IE46938B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-06-23 AT AT0457578A patent/AT377961B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-06 AU AU37758/78A patent/AU523883B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-07-11 US US05/923,710 patent/US4255383A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-07-14 DK DK315678A patent/DK149323C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-07-24 ES ES471983A patent/ES471983A1/es not_active Expired
- 1978-08-03 DE DE7878100585T patent/DE2860373D1/de not_active Expired
- 1978-08-03 EP EP78100585A patent/EP0000773B1/de not_active Expired
- 1978-08-03 CA CA308,721A patent/CA1113221A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-08-04 NO NO782669A patent/NO147471C/no unknown
- 1978-08-04 PT PT68390A patent/PT68390A/pt unknown
- 1978-08-04 IT IT26476/78A patent/IT1097691B/it active
- 1978-08-07 JP JP9551378A patent/JPS5436092A/ja active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-06-02 US US06/155,580 patent/US4317041A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4317041A (en) | 1982-02-23 |
| DK315678A (da) | 1979-02-07 |
| ES471983A1 (es) | 1979-02-16 |
| EP0000773B1 (de) | 1981-01-28 |
| NO782669L (no) | 1979-02-07 |
| DK149323C (da) | 1986-10-06 |
| AU523883B2 (en) | 1982-08-19 |
| IE46938B1 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
| AT377961B (de) | 1985-05-28 |
| IT1097691B (it) | 1985-08-31 |
| EP0000773A1 (de) | 1979-02-21 |
| JPS5436092A (en) | 1979-03-16 |
| NO147471B (no) | 1983-01-10 |
| IT7826476A0 (it) | 1978-08-04 |
| US4255383A (en) | 1981-03-10 |
| DK149323B (da) | 1986-05-05 |
| DE2860373D1 (en) | 1981-03-19 |
| NO147471C (no) | 1983-04-20 |
| JPS6140480B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1986-09-09 |
| AU3775878A (en) | 1980-01-10 |
| DE2735550A1 (de) | 1979-02-08 |
| PT68390A (en) | 1978-09-01 |
| IE781237L (en) | 1979-02-06 |
| ATA457578A (de) | 1984-10-15 |
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