CA1105412A - Production of spinel coated anodes from mixture of compounds of cobalt and other metal - Google Patents
Production of spinel coated anodes from mixture of compounds of cobalt and other metalInfo
- Publication number
- CA1105412A CA1105412A CA281,096A CA281096A CA1105412A CA 1105412 A CA1105412 A CA 1105412A CA 281096 A CA281096 A CA 281096A CA 1105412 A CA1105412 A CA 1105412A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- cobalt
- substrate
- anode
- modifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 229910015952 MxCo3-xO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000595 mu-metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001869 cobalt compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021583 Cobalt(III) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Co]F YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010007387 therin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012702 metal oxide precursor Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 229910001362 Ta alloys Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- IQYVXTLKMOTJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) chlorate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O IQYVXTLKMOTJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Co+2] ASKVAEGIVYSGNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910016506 CuCo2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003119 ZnCo2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Inorganic materials [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021094 Co(NO3)2-6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002552 Fe K Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004077 HF-HNO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004279 X-ray Guinier Methods 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008334 ZrO(NO3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052767 actinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QQINRWTZWGJFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N actinium atom Chemical compound [Ac] QQINRWTZWGJFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFSBSHDDAGNCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Co+2] LFSBSHDDAGNCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012789 electroconductive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Inorganic materials [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N technetium atom Chemical compound [Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/077—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide
- C25B11/0771—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the compound being a non-noble metal oxide of the spinel type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/702,251 US4061549A (en) | 1976-07-02 | 1976-07-02 | Electrolytic cell anode structures containing cobalt spinels |
| US702,251 | 1976-07-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1105412A true CA1105412A (en) | 1981-07-21 |
Family
ID=24820439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA281,096A Expired CA1105412A (en) | 1976-07-02 | 1977-06-21 | Production of spinel coated anodes from mixture of compounds of cobalt and other metal |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4061549A (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JPS536279A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU504376B1 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE856390A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7704352A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1105412A (enExample) |
| CH (1) | CH634879A5 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2729272C2 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES460303A1 (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI65818C (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2356745A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1534449A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1126744B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL186184C (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO149822C (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ184422A (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE431565B (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA773664B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL50217A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1980-01-31 | Israel State | Electrocatalytically acitve spinel type mixed oxides |
| CA1117589A (en) | 1978-03-04 | 1982-02-02 | David E. Brown | Method of stabilising electrodes coated with mixed oxide electrocatalysts during use in electrochemical cells |
| FR2419985A1 (fr) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-10-12 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Electrode pour electrolyse du chlorure de sodium |
| US4181585A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1980-01-01 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrode and method of producing same |
| US4243503A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1981-01-06 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Method and electrode with admixed fillers |
| US4272353A (en) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-06-09 | General Electric Company | Method of making solid polymer electrolyte catalytic electrodes and electrodes made thereby |
| DE3024611A1 (de) * | 1980-06-28 | 1982-01-28 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Edelmetallfreie elektrode |
| US4368110A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1983-01-11 | The Dow Chemical Company | Substituted cobalt oxide spinels |
| US4369105A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1983-01-18 | The Dow Chemical Company | Substituted cobalt oxide spinels |
| CA1186282A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1985-04-30 | Donald L. Caldwell | Substituted cobalt oxide spinels, electrodes for oxygen manufacture, and substituted cobalt oxide spinels |
| US4366042A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1982-12-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Substituted cobalt oxide spinels |
| US4428805A (en) | 1981-08-24 | 1984-01-31 | The Dow Chemical Co. | Electrodes for oxygen manufacture |
| US4419278A (en) * | 1981-05-04 | 1983-12-06 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Photoactive semiconductor material using true solid/solid solution mixed metal oxide |
| US4396485A (en) * | 1981-05-04 | 1983-08-02 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Film photoelectrodes |
| US4430315A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1984-02-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Catalytic decomposition of hypochlorite using substituted cobalt oxide spinels |
| IT1163101B (it) * | 1983-02-14 | 1987-04-08 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | Anodi a bassa sovratensione di ossigeno a base di piombo attivati superficialmente e procedimento di attivazione |
| US4871703A (en) * | 1983-05-31 | 1989-10-03 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for preparation of an electrocatalyst |
| US4668371A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
| US4670123A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-06-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
| US4666580A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-05-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Structural frame for an electrochemical cell |
| JPS6334996U (enExample) * | 1986-08-26 | 1988-03-07 | ||
| US4889577A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1989-12-26 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making an improved supported membrane/electrode structure combination wherein catalytically active particles are coated onto the membrane |
| US4752370A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Supported membrane/electrode structure combination wherein catalytically active particles are coated onto the membrane |
| US5039389A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1991-08-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
| US4738741A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-04-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming an improved membrane/electrode combination having interconnected roadways of catalytically active particles |
| JP2002030494A (ja) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-31 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 耐腐食性導電部材 |
| AT411464B (de) * | 2001-12-27 | 2004-01-26 | Swarovski & Co | Verfahren zur färbung geschliffener schmucksteine |
| CN1781180A (zh) * | 2003-05-01 | 2006-05-31 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 灯的制造方法 |
| US10208384B2 (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2019-02-19 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Efficient water oxidation catalysts and methods of oxygen and hydrogen production by photoelectrolysis |
| CN115505958B (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2025-04-04 | 武汉工程大学 | 泡沫金属负载双尖晶石型氧化物CuCo2O4-Co3O4及其衍生物的制备、应用 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3711382A (en) * | 1970-06-04 | 1973-01-16 | Ppg Industries Inc | Bimetal spinel surfaced electrodes |
| US3706644A (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1972-12-19 | Ppg Industries Inc | Method of regenerating spinel surfaced electrodes |
-
1976
- 1976-07-02 US US05/702,251 patent/US4061549A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1977
- 1977-06-16 AU AU26156/77A patent/AU504376B1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-17 NZ NZ184422A patent/NZ184422A/xx unknown
- 1977-06-20 ZA ZA00773664A patent/ZA773664B/xx unknown
- 1977-06-21 CA CA281,096A patent/CA1105412A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-24 GB GB26536/77A patent/GB1534449A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-29 DE DE2729272A patent/DE2729272C2/de not_active Expired
- 1977-06-30 IT IT50057/77A patent/IT1126744B/it active
- 1977-06-30 NO NO772311A patent/NO149822C/no unknown
- 1977-06-30 NL NLAANVRAGE7707280,A patent/NL186184C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 SE SE7707684A patent/SE431565B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 BE BE179017A patent/BE856390A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 CH CH814277A patent/CH634879A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-07-01 FR FR7720407A patent/FR2356745A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-07-01 BR BR7704352A patent/BR7704352A/pt unknown
- 1977-07-01 JP JP7896777A patent/JPS536279A/ja active Pending
- 1977-07-01 ES ES460303A patent/ES460303A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-07-01 FI FI772067A patent/FI65818C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-07-10 JP JP56108043A patent/JPS6033195B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE431565B (sv) | 1984-02-13 |
| FI65818B (fi) | 1984-03-30 |
| FI772067A7 (enExample) | 1978-01-03 |
| ES460303A1 (es) | 1978-12-01 |
| CH634879A5 (de) | 1983-02-28 |
| DE2729272A1 (de) | 1978-02-09 |
| JPS536279A (en) | 1978-01-20 |
| JPS6033195B2 (ja) | 1985-08-01 |
| DE2729272C2 (de) | 1987-03-12 |
| BR7704352A (pt) | 1978-04-18 |
| NO149822C (no) | 1984-06-27 |
| NO149822B (no) | 1984-03-19 |
| FR2356745A1 (fr) | 1978-01-27 |
| SE7707684L (sv) | 1978-01-03 |
| NL186184C (nl) | 1990-10-01 |
| NO772311L (no) | 1978-01-03 |
| ZA773664B (en) | 1978-05-30 |
| GB1534449A (en) | 1978-12-06 |
| NZ184422A (en) | 1980-05-27 |
| BE856390A (fr) | 1978-01-02 |
| AU504376B1 (en) | 1979-10-11 |
| NL7707280A (nl) | 1978-01-04 |
| FI65818C (fi) | 1984-07-10 |
| JPS5779190A (en) | 1982-05-18 |
| FR2356745B1 (enExample) | 1980-04-11 |
| IT1126744B (it) | 1986-05-21 |
| US4061549A (en) | 1977-12-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA1105412A (en) | Production of spinel coated anodes from mixture of compounds of cobalt and other metal | |
| US4142005A (en) | Process for preparing an electrode for electrolytic cell having a coating of a single metal spinel, Co3 O4 | |
| US3977958A (en) | Insoluble electrode for electrolysis | |
| US3882002A (en) | Anode for electrolytic processes | |
| US4395436A (en) | Process for preparing electrochemical material | |
| US4070504A (en) | Method of producing a valve metal electrode with valve metal oxide semi-conductor face and methods of manufacture and use | |
| US7247229B2 (en) | Coatings for the inhibition of undesirable oxidation in an electrochemical cell | |
| US4005004A (en) | Electrode coating consisting of a solid solution of a noble metal oxide, titanium oxide, and zirconium oxide | |
| Cox et al. | Electrosynthesis at oxide coated electrodes part 1 the kinetics of ethanol oxidation at spinel electrodes in aqueous base | |
| US3801490A (en) | Pyrochlore electrodes | |
| HU215398B (hu) | Katód ioncserélős membránnal ellátott cellákban lefolytatandó elektrokémiai folyamatokhoz, különösen alkáli-kloridok elektrolízisére szolgáló elektrolitikus cella kialakításához és eljárás a katód előállítására | |
| EP0014596B1 (en) | Method for producing electrodes having mixed metal oxide catalyst coatings | |
| US3986942A (en) | Electrolytic process and apparatus | |
| US4456518A (en) | Noble metal-coated cathode | |
| JPH04231491A (ja) | 電気触媒陰極およびその製造法 | |
| NO341164B1 (no) | Kloratanodebelegg med jevn overflatemorfologi | |
| US4369105A (en) | Substituted cobalt oxide spinels | |
| US4072585A (en) | Valve metal electrode with valve metal oxide semi-conductive coating having a chlorine discharge catalyst in said coating | |
| US3689383A (en) | Method of coating an electrode | |
| US4428805A (en) | Electrodes for oxygen manufacture | |
| JPH0343353B2 (enExample) | ||
| GB1573297A (en) | Electrode manufacture | |
| Cardarelli | Miscellaneous electrical materials | |
| US4368110A (en) | Substituted cobalt oxide spinels | |
| KR800000480B1 (ko) | 전해조용 금속 양극 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |