CA1083407A

CA1083407A - Device for treatment of pumpable materials, particularly food and forage materials

Info

Publication number: CA1083407A
Application number: CA264,356A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Ole P. Ulvestad
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1975-11-03
Filing date: 1976-10-28
Publication date: 1980-08-12
Also published as: FR2329337B3; DE2650052C2; NO135197C; SE7612087L; FI763103A; FI58248C; SE416610B; GB1543632A; DE2650052A1; SU694050A3; DK494376A; DK148172B; JPS5257367A; FI58248B; FR2329337A1; JPS6050431B2; NO135197B; DK148172C

Abstract

APPARATUS FOR TREATMENT OF PUMPABLE MATERIALS

A b s t r a c t Apparatus for treatment of pumpable materials, such as foodstuffs and fodder, which includes a container of cylindrical form for subjecting bulk material to at least a pressure and/or heat treatment, The container is provided with at least one axially mounted, radial wall disposed sealingly against side and end walls thereof. The radial wall has a shaft adapted for the supply and removal of the material on opposite sides of the wall. The radial wall and the container are rotatable relative to each other so that particles or individual portions of the material remain substantially at rest relative to the container wall during the treatment.

Description

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ack~round of Invention This invention relate~ to apparatus for the tr~atment of pumpable materials~ e~pecially foodstuffs and fodder, under predetermined conditions of pressure and/or temperature.
Conventlonal apparatus for thi~ purpose have either been designed for batch operation or they have given riae to large differences in tre~tment time for di~imilar portions of the bulk material.
Summary of the Inven ion The main object of the invention i8 thus to make po~ible a wholly continuou~ operation and uniform treatment conditio~s for all portions of the bulk material which is to be treated.
According to the pre~ent invention an apparatus for the treatment -~
j of pumpable material~, ~uch as ~oodstuffs and fod~er, Gomprises i a cylindrical containar in which the bulk material is to be subjeoted to at lea~t a pressure and/or heat treatment, said container being provided ~ith at lea~t one axially mounted, radia~
w~ll dispoaed clo~ely ag~inst side and end walls thereof and said radial wall having a ~haft adapted for the ~upply and removal of .~ - .

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10~33407 ~aid material on opposite side~ of said wall, said wall and 3aid -container being rotatable relative to each other enabling ¢omponent~
of saia material to remain substantially at rest relative to ~aid wall during the treatment.
; ~rief Ve~cr ptlon o~ the Drawings . :
In order that the invention can be more clearly understood, a oonvenient embodiment thereof ~ill now be described, by way o~
; e~ample, with reference to the accompanying drawin~s in which~
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~` Fig. 1 is a per~pective view, with a cut-out portion, of an ~0 appar~tu~ accordine to the invention, ., ~ .
Figs. 2 and 3 are7 respectively1 axial and radial hections through the container in the apparatus of ~ig. 1~ and Fig. 4 i~ a partially cut-off perspective view of a part of the rotor of Figs. 2 and 3.
De~cription of Convenient Emb_ a iment ~. , .
Referring to the drawing~, an apparatus compri3e~ a container 11 having a ciroular, cylindrical slde wall 12 which is clo~ed by end -walls 13. Mounted axially in the container 11 i~ a rotatable radial ~ ;.
wall or roto~ 14 which extends radially outwards toward~ the ~ide ~ 20 wall 12 and bears again~t the latter and the end walls 13. Edge~ of `- of the radial wall 14 can, if de~ired, be provided with a ~ealing me~ns .
which ensures tiBht abutment and prevent~ a flow through from one ~ide to the other.

The radial wall 14 i~ mounted on a ~haft 15 which generally compri~e~

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t~o concentric pipes, namely an outer pipe 15A and an inner, central pipe 15B. The outer pipe 15A is mounted in appropriately ~ealed bearings 16 in the end walls 13. In addition, it is led out throu~h : .:
the upper end wall (see Fig. 2), where it ~upport~ a belt dri~e 17, and at the lower end wall where by means of an appropriate slip ¢oupling 18~ it i~ connected to a pipe 19 which can serve a~ an outlet pipe. The central pipe 15B is led out in a ¢orrespondin~
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-manner from the outer pipe 15A at the upper ~ide of the container 11 ~ - 2 :, , _ _ . . . ...
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~ (see ~ig. 2) a~td with a slip coupling 20 i~ connected to a pipe 21 - which can ssrve as an inlet pipe. ~he connections of pipes 15A ~nd 15B with the interior o~ the container 11 are described below.
i As is evident, e~peoially from Fig. 4~ the radi~l vl~ll 14 is made with a wave structure or corru~ations in a radial direotion with alternate chutes 22 and ribs 23 whioh extend into the shaft 15. In this particular embodiment~ the radial wall 1~ i~ produced as a single ~ layer and the ribs on the one side will thèrefore form chutes on the ; other. On the one ~ide of the radial wall 14, there i~ present an openin~ 24 in the outer pipe 15A which empties into the bottom of ,~
; each chute 22 on this side~ Correspondingly, there are present on ~:
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'.'~''! the oppo~ite side openings 25 in the central pipe 15~ out into the -~ bot~om of tbe ohutes 22 on this si~le. ~he hol]ow ~pace between the central pipe 15B and the outer pipe 15A is sealed a~ainst thi~ side : - .
;~ of the radial wall by means of an axially and radial]y extending wall 26 which conneots the two pipes, the radi~al wall beirlg led into and anshored in the central pipe 15B. 'rhe chute~ 22 on this side are iD addition~ covered with a sc~een or partition 27 so that there formed an outlet slot 28 havin~ an increasin~ breadth outward~
t ~o from the centIal pipe 15~. It is appropriate to dimension this out ~t slot so that its breadth is proportlonal to the square of the distanco ~ ~rom the axi~.
;~ At the bottom o~ Fig. ~, there is shown a screen or partition 27' ; which leaves behind radially extending slots 28' which increase in j~ density and/or breadth outwards from the centre. This slot formation can also be dimensionea ~o that proportionalLty is achieved between ., , : , . .: .
j the openin~ area and the square of the distDnce rrom the axis.

The belt di~c 17 at the Uppel side of the container 11 is conne¢tod - via a drive belt 29 to a motor 30. -~
;, , -- . , l ~0 ~eside~ that whioh i~ ilLustratea, the container oan be provided ; with equipment for heatin~ supI)ly of ad(litiorlal material, pressure ana temperature mea~urement eto.~
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The mode of operation of thi~ apparatus ;~ a~ follo~s There is fed a predetermined quantîty Or material, such e8 fodder ....
which iR to be heat- and pressure-treated, through the upply pipe 21. Such material will in actual circumstances~ e.g. with ground ~laughter hou~e wa~te, be sufficiently fluid to be pumpable. ~he ithdrawal of the material will be brought about and oontrolled by rotation of the radial wall in the direction of the arrow 31 (see ~ Fig 3). The speed of the radial wall 14 1~ adjusted 80 that a revol-; utlon oorresponds to the retention time of the raw material. For X0 example~ an spparatus with a oapacity of lm3/h raw material for retention time of thirty minutes will be able to haYe a volume of 0.5m3 and the speed of the radial wall will be 2 revs./h. The duration of the material in the container 11 i8 thus equal to the time of revolution of the radial ~all which is fixed by the speed of rotation of the motor 30 and the gear ratio of the power transmission. The pres3ure in the material will be able to be controlled by means of a valve in the outlet conduit.
~ he consistency of the material will in mo0t instan¢es, where it i~
necessary~ be able to be adju~ted by the addition or extraction of ~0 fluid 80 that the desired operative co~ditions are achievsd.
The apparatus ~hioh iB described above can be modified in a number of ways~ firstly with respect to the design of tha radial wall. Instead o~ the illustrated oorrugated form, it can be constructed with ~everal planar layers. The qualification is that the rAdial wall be deaigned 80 that all particles of material after feeding to the container remain at re~t in the container, that is to say no flow of the material occurs.
Furthermore, it i~ pos~ible to vary the proportions of the container and the radial wall. It i~ especially u~eful to make the diameter of ~ the outer pipe 15B larger primarily in those cases where there is a ~;
strong demand for uniform treatmant.
~- In an alternativs embodimont~ the supply and withdrawal of the material can occur from the same end of the container. The container .,,= :
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:` ` . :. ' ban also be pro~ided with more than one rat3ial wall, but the supply and withdrawal of the material will then be more dif[icult.
Such an apparatu~ can be utili6ed for a number of purposes in the treatment of foodst~ffs and fodder. It i~ especially appropriate to employ it a~ a holdin~ oell, for example in pa~teurisation and sterilisation of food produot~
It should be appreciated that a number of modification~ can be maae to the embodiment described above. For example, it i8 poBGible to ; arrange the container with a horizontal axi~ and to maintain~the radial wall at re~t while the container i8 rotated.
The invention i~ primarily de~igned for foodstuffs and fodder.
However, it can be u~ed for a ~erie~ of other material~ which can be made pumpable and whi¢h can be maintained under predetermined condition~

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for a certain time, for example at a predetermined pressure, temperature~
p~ value or en~ymatio condition. With the a~ tance of means whioh rotate with the radial wall,certain of these condition~ such as temperature and pH value, can be Yaried during the course of the time `~ of treatment. -.

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Claims

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:-

1. Apparatus for the treatment of pumpable materials, such as foodstuffs and fodder, which comprises a cylindrical container in which the bulk material is to be subjected to at least a treatment selected from at least one or pressure and heat, said container having side and end walls and an axially mounted, radial wall disposed closely against said side and end walls, said radial wall having a shaft adapted for the supply and removal of said material on opposite sides of said wall, said wall and said container being rotatable relative to each other enabling components of said material to remain substantially at rest relative to said wall during the treatment.

2. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the shaft of the radial wall is composed of two concentric pipes of which the outer pipe serves as a withdrawal duct and the inner, central pipe serves as a supply duct, said pipes communicating with different sides of the radial wall along the whole of its length.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the inner pipe has openings disposed longitudinally of the radial wall along a screen forming outlet slots the breadths of which are approximately proportional to the square of the rotational radius.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the radial wall is provided with radial corrugations having recesses on the supply side of the wall covered by the screen which forms separate radial slots.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the radial wall is led into the inner, central pipe and on the supply side of the wall between the inner pipe and the outer pipe there is defined an opening, and wherein an axially and radially extending wall seals said opening.

6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the two pipes of the shaft are led out of opposite ends of the container.