CA1052037A - Method for preparing pigmented polyesters - Google Patents
Method for preparing pigmented polyestersInfo
- Publication number
- CA1052037A CA1052037A CA243,635A CA243635A CA1052037A CA 1052037 A CA1052037 A CA 1052037A CA 243635 A CA243635 A CA 243635A CA 1052037 A CA1052037 A CA 1052037A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- glycol
- pressure
- slurry
- molecular weight
- polyester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000485 pigmenting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 aromatic dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RVJVAMZRPQBPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-2-ene-1,1-diol Chemical class OC1(O)CCCC=C1 RVJVAMZRPQBPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical class [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)CC1 PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPGVFZRQOZKYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(1,3,2-dioxaphospholan-2-yloxy)ethoxy]-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane Chemical compound O1CCOP1OCCOP1OCCO1 YPGVFZRQOZKYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLWMHPMIPBFBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dioxabicyclo[6.2.2]dodeca-1(10),8,11-triene-2,7-dione;3,6-dioxabicyclo[6.3.1]dodeca-1(12),8,10-triene-2,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OCCOC(=O)C2=CC=C1C=C2.O=C1OCCOC(=O)C2=CC=CC1=C2 SBLWMHPMIPBFBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYOFTXWVYIGTCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K [OH-].[Sb+3].OCC([O-])=O.OCC([O-])=O Chemical compound [OH-].[Sb+3].OCC([O-])=O.OCC([O-])=O WYOFTXWVYIGTCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical class OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane;methanol Chemical compound OC.OC.C1CCCCC1 VEIOBOXBGYWJIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011091 sodium acetates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/547,686 US3932345A (en) | 1975-02-06 | 1975-02-06 | Method for preparing pigmented polyesters wherein the pigment glycol slurry is preheated |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1052037A true CA1052037A (en) | 1979-04-03 |
Family
ID=24185706
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA243,635A Expired CA1052037A (en) | 1975-02-06 | 1976-01-15 | Method for preparing pigmented polyesters |
Country Status (21)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3932345A (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JPS51103194A (en, 2012) |
| AT (1) | AT355309B (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE838003A (en, 2012) |
| BR (1) | BR7600659A (en, 2012) |
| CA (1) | CA1052037A (en, 2012) |
| CH (1) | CH597273A5 (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE2601012A1 (en, 2012) |
| ES (1) | ES444548A1 (en, 2012) |
| FI (1) | FI760148A7 (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR2300102A1 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB1504831A (en, 2012) |
| IE (1) | IE42400B1 (en, 2012) |
| IN (1) | IN142861B (en, 2012) |
| IT (1) | IT1053481B (en, 2012) |
| NL (1) | NL7601249A (en, 2012) |
| NO (1) | NO140105C (en, 2012) |
| PH (1) | PH11006A (en, 2012) |
| SE (1) | SE416213B (en, 2012) |
| TR (1) | TR19014A (en, 2012) |
| ZA (1) | ZA76248B (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2036947B1 (es) * | 1991-11-08 | 1994-01-16 | Colorpoint S A | Portador de aditivos obtenido por poliestirificacion de productos de origen natural en su mayoria, biodegradable, polivalente y su procedimiento de fabricacion. |
| DE4432839A1 (de) * | 1994-09-15 | 1996-03-21 | Zimmer Ag | Verfahren zur Einstellung des Trübungsgrades von Ethylenterephthalat-Polymeren |
| US6423764B1 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2002-07-23 | Milliken & Company | Method of producing colored polyester thermoplastic materials through specific solid-state procedures |
| US9004272B2 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2015-04-14 | Ackley Machine Corporation | Method and apparatus for transporting and processing a plurality of articles |
| JP5400264B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-17 | 2014-01-29 | 帝人株式会社 | ポリエステル組成物の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2962466A (en) * | 1957-02-07 | 1960-11-29 | Du Pont | Process of introducing modifier into a polymer melt |
| NL96716C (nl) * | 1957-10-19 | 1961-01-16 | Onderzoekings Inst Res Nv | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van gepigmenteerde polyesters van tereftaalzuur en voorwerpen vervaardigd uit deze polyesters |
| US3275590A (en) * | 1962-02-21 | 1966-09-27 | Du Pont | Dispersing carbon black in terephthalate polyesters by sand grinding |
-
1975
- 1975-02-06 US US05/547,686 patent/US3932345A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-01-13 DE DE19762601012 patent/DE2601012A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-01-14 GB GB1336/76A patent/GB1504831A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-01-14 AT AT22276A patent/AT355309B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-01-15 CA CA243,635A patent/CA1052037A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-01-16 IN IN96/CAL/76A patent/IN142861B/en unknown
- 1976-01-16 ZA ZA248A patent/ZA76248B/xx unknown
- 1976-01-16 IE IE82/76A patent/IE42400B1/en unknown
- 1976-01-19 PH PH17990A patent/PH11006A/en unknown
- 1976-01-22 ES ES444548A patent/ES444548A1/es not_active Expired
- 1976-01-22 FI FI760148A patent/FI760148A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-01-26 FR FR7602002A patent/FR2300102A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-01-28 BE BE163878A patent/BE838003A/xx unknown
- 1976-01-28 TR TR19014A patent/TR19014A/xx unknown
- 1976-01-30 IT IT47881/76A patent/IT1053481B/it active
- 1976-02-03 BR BR7600659A patent/BR7600659A/pt unknown
- 1976-02-04 SE SE7601212A patent/SE416213B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-05 NO NO760384A patent/NO140105C/no unknown
- 1976-02-05 JP JP51011840A patent/JPS51103194A/ja active Pending
- 1976-02-06 CH CH147776A patent/CH597273A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-06 NL NL7601249A patent/NL7601249A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE838003A (fr) | 1976-05-14 |
| ES444548A1 (es) | 1977-05-16 |
| IE42400B1 (en) | 1980-07-30 |
| IN142861B (en, 2012) | 1977-09-03 |
| US3932345A (en) | 1976-01-13 |
| JPS51103194A (en, 2012) | 1976-09-11 |
| TR19014A (tr) | 1977-01-11 |
| PH11006A (en) | 1977-10-20 |
| SE7601212L (sv) | 1976-08-09 |
| IE42400L (en) | 1976-08-06 |
| IT1053481B (it) | 1981-08-31 |
| FR2300102A1 (fr) | 1976-09-03 |
| AT355309B (de) | 1980-02-25 |
| ATA22276A (de) | 1979-07-15 |
| GB1504831A (en) | 1978-03-22 |
| NO760384L (en, 2012) | 1976-08-09 |
| NL7601249A (nl) | 1976-08-10 |
| ZA76248B (en) | 1977-01-26 |
| DE2601012A1 (de) | 1976-08-19 |
| CH597273A5 (en, 2012) | 1978-03-31 |
| AU1042976A (en) | 1977-07-28 |
| NO140105B (no) | 1979-03-26 |
| FI760148A7 (en, 2012) | 1976-08-07 |
| NO140105C (no) | 1979-07-04 |
| FR2300102B1 (en, 2012) | 1980-01-11 |
| BR7600659A (pt) | 1976-08-31 |
| SE416213B (sv) | 1980-12-08 |
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