CA1040876A - Method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles - Google Patents
Method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete pilesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1040876A CA1040876A CA244,040A CA244040A CA1040876A CA 1040876 A CA1040876 A CA 1040876A CA 244040 A CA244040 A CA 244040A CA 1040876 A CA1040876 A CA 1040876A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- borehole
- pile
- concrete mix
- reinforcement
- concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The characteristics feature of the method according to the invention consists in forming a borehole in soil with a diameter smaller than the required pile diameter, as well as in a method of compacting concrete mix poured into the borehole by repeatedly passing a pneumatic mole through the borehole filled with the concrete mix to compact the concre-te mix and the soil in the peripheral zone of the borehole concurrently expanding the reinforcement.
The invention may be widely used in construction pile foundations and for consolidation of earth slopes.
The characteristics feature of the method according to the invention consists in forming a borehole in soil with a diameter smaller than the required pile diameter, as well as in a method of compacting concrete mix poured into the borehole by repeatedly passing a pneumatic mole through the borehole filled with the concrete mix to compact the concre-te mix and the soil in the peripheral zone of the borehole concurrently expanding the reinforcement.
The invention may be widely used in construction pile foundations and for consolidation of earth slopes.
Description
~040~376 ME~HOD 0~ ~AeING BUTT~--IN--PI~E ~EINFORC~D
CONCR~E PIIES
~ e invention relates to the ma~ufacture o~ structuralmembers, and more particularly, to met~ods of makin~ built--i~-place reinforced concrete piles~
~ he invention may be widely used in constructing pile ~oundations, consolidating earth slope~ and the like.
It is widel~ k~own to make built-in~place re~n~orced con-crete piles by a method wherein a borehole is ~ormed in ~oil b~ using any appropriate equip~ent, and t~e~ a reinforcement i8 placed in the bore~ole. ~ubse~ue~tly, the borehole is fil-led with concrete mix w~ich iB then po~itively compacted b~
means of vibrator~ to obtain a pile.
In making the borehole in soil, the borehole diameter is Rlways determined by the desired diameter o~ t~e pile. As the drill~ng oi vertical and inclined boreholes i~ always associa-ted with the employment o~ cumber~ome equipment, the construc-tion of large-diameter piles (more than 300 mm) i8 ~ery labour consumin~ and completely exclude~ any opportunitg of work~n~
in d~fficultly accessible place~ (e-g- when m~king pile founda-tions i~ expand~ng iactory buildings or on o~her sites occu-pied by buildin4s, a~ well as in consolidating rail~a~ beds).
In addition, dur~ng the placing o~ concrete in the borehole and compacti~g of concrete mix, the rein~orcement tends to be displaced ~rom the design po~ition 80 that the load-carryi~g capacit~ of the pile i5 con~iderablg reduced.
~k .
., x,, ..,, ., - .
-- . ..
` `" 1'~4~376 Ensuring the desired strength of structures to be built requires the number of piles used to be increased, or the piles to be made more bulky. -~
The present invention provides a method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles which ensures the pro-vision of piles having an increased load-carrying capacity and allows working at any place, including difficulty accessible sites, with the employment of mobile equipment.
The present invention also provides a method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles having a maximum possible load-carrying capacity which is especially important in constructing pile foundations withstanding horizontal loads.
The present invention also provides a method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles having an improved corrosion resistance and prolonged service life.
According to the present invention there is provided a method for making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles J which comprises the following steps: forming a borehole in soil with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the pile to be ;
built, placing a reinforcement in said borehole, filling the borehole with concrete mix and subsequently repeatedly passing _ a pneumatic mole through the borehole filled with the concrete mix for enlarging the borehole to obtain the desired diameter `'~
,:
`
_ _, '~ '' '
CONCR~E PIIES
~ e invention relates to the ma~ufacture o~ structuralmembers, and more particularly, to met~ods of makin~ built--i~-place reinforced concrete piles~
~ he invention may be widely used in constructing pile ~oundations, consolidating earth slope~ and the like.
It is widel~ k~own to make built-in~place re~n~orced con-crete piles by a method wherein a borehole is ~ormed in ~oil b~ using any appropriate equip~ent, and t~e~ a reinforcement i8 placed in the bore~ole. ~ubse~ue~tly, the borehole is fil-led with concrete mix w~ich iB then po~itively compacted b~
means of vibrator~ to obtain a pile.
In making the borehole in soil, the borehole diameter is Rlways determined by the desired diameter o~ t~e pile. As the drill~ng oi vertical and inclined boreholes i~ always associa-ted with the employment o~ cumber~ome equipment, the construc-tion of large-diameter piles (more than 300 mm) i8 ~ery labour consumin~ and completely exclude~ any opportunitg of work~n~
in d~fficultly accessible place~ (e-g- when m~king pile founda-tions i~ expand~ng iactory buildings or on o~her sites occu-pied by buildin4s, a~ well as in consolidating rail~a~ beds).
In addition, dur~ng the placing o~ concrete in the borehole and compacti~g of concrete mix, the rein~orcement tends to be displaced ~rom the design po~ition 80 that the load-carryi~g capacit~ of the pile i5 con~iderablg reduced.
~k .
., x,, ..,, ., - .
-- . ..
` `" 1'~4~376 Ensuring the desired strength of structures to be built requires the number of piles used to be increased, or the piles to be made more bulky. -~
The present invention provides a method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles which ensures the pro-vision of piles having an increased load-carrying capacity and allows working at any place, including difficulty accessible sites, with the employment of mobile equipment.
The present invention also provides a method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles having a maximum possible load-carrying capacity which is especially important in constructing pile foundations withstanding horizontal loads.
The present invention also provides a method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles having an improved corrosion resistance and prolonged service life.
According to the present invention there is provided a method for making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles J which comprises the following steps: forming a borehole in soil with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the pile to be ;
built, placing a reinforcement in said borehole, filling the borehole with concrete mix and subsequently repeatedly passing _ a pneumatic mole through the borehole filled with the concrete mix for enlarging the borehole to obtain the desired diameter `'~
,:
`
_ _, '~ '' '
- 2 -. : .
. . . .
.: .` : ` . ~ .
. .
, 1~4~)876 .
thereof, whereby the concrete mix and the soil around the borehole are compacted in the radial direction.
The pile reinforcement preferably comprises a tubular frame which is deformed in the transverse direction prior to the installation in the borehole. The pile reinforcement preferably comprises a reeled metal net.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the internal cavity remaining after the extraction of the pneumatic mole is filled with a concrete mix.
The invention essentially consists in the following.
Due to the fact that the compaction of the concrete mix in the borehole is effected by repeatedly passing a pneumatic mole therethrough, an intensive compaction of the concrete mix takes place in the radial direction with respect to the borehole to form a concrete envelope inside the borehole. While being compacted, the concrete transmits the compacting force to the soil in the peripheral zone of the borehole thus enlarging it.
This permits making a borehole of a considerably smaller diameter as compared the design diameter of the pile so that light-weight portable equipment may be used for that purpose. Thus, after 4 - 5 passes of the pneumatic mole through the borehole filled with concrete mix having a diameter of 130 mm, a pile having a diameter from 230 to 250 mm can be built.
1~14~876 Tllis in turll permits building reinforced concrete piles in diLficultly accessible places.
I'he concrete mix, which is radially displaced during the -~compaction, entrains the reinforcement, and, as the degree of com-paction increases, secures it in the clesign position thus providing for a high load-carrying capacity of the pile.
In certain applications, where pile foundations are to withstand horizontal loads, the pile is reinforced with a cylindrical frame. ~ frame may be laced or it may be made of a metal net. The ! ~ frames of such a shape should be deformed in the transverse direc-tion prior to the installation in the borehole. Thus, laced cylin-drical frames are simply compressed at the sides, and frames made of a metal net are reeled. This provides for a more reliable and accu-rate location of reinforcement in the design position and improves the load-carrying capacity of piles withstanding horizontal loads.
Where piles are to be built in weak water-saturated soil or in an aggressive environment, the internal cavity remaining after the extraction of the pneumatic mole is filled with concrete mix to seal the pile. This improves the corrosion resistance of the pile ~O and prolonye its service life. '~
The invention will now be described with reference to s~ecific embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying draw- /~
ings, in which:
'~
~ ';
;,. , . :
,, ~,.
i~4lf~f~6 Figure l shows a longitudinal section of a borehole and a reinforcement frame placed over the borehole;
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the same bore-hole with the reinforcement frame deformed in the transverse direc-tion installed in the borehole;
Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III
in Figure 2;
Figure 4 shows a longitudindl section of the same bore-hole after filling it with concrete mix;
Figure S shows a longitudinal section of the same bore-hole duriny the coMpaction of the concrete mix; fp E`igure 6 snows a longitudinal section of finished pile.
The method of making pile consists in the following.
First a borehole 1 (Figs 1 - 6) is formed in soil using any equipment appropriate for that ~urpose, e.g. a pneumatic mole.
In accordance with the above considerations, the borehole diameter is selected to be by 20 - 40~ smaller than the design dia- f'~
meter of the pile being built. Then the borehole 1 is filled with f~"
a dry concrete mix having a moisture content of up to 16% by weight, f -and subsequently the mix is distributed over the borehole walls with a single pass of a pneumatic mole to form a protective concrete layer 2 therein. A reinforcement in the form of a tubular frame 3 is installed in the borehole 1 until the protective concrete layer ! .
has the time to set. f.;
The reinforcement frame may also comprise a net reeled into tube or single rebars.
1~4~876 The frame 3 should preferabl~ have a larger diameter than the diameter of tl~e initial borehole 1 by 15 - 30~. Prior to the installation in the borehole 1, the frame is deformed in the trans-verse direction so that it could pass into the borehole 1. After the installation of the frame 3, the borehole 1 (Fig. 4) is filled with concrete mix ~ (Figs 4 - 6) which is in~ediately compacted by means of a pneumatic mole 5 as shown in Figure 5 wllich also expands the initial borehole, the pneumatic mole penetrating the concrete mix along the borellole axis in the space within the frame 3.
During tlle above-described compaction of the concrete mix and concurrent expansion of the initial borehole, hence of the pile body, the reinforcement is stretched in the transverse direction along with the compaction of the concrete mix so that the design positioning of the reinforcement in the finished pile is ensured.
Furthermore, the soil around the pile walls is compacted, the bore- -hole walls are strengthened, and the pile body is pressed into soil so that the cohesion between the outer surface of the pile and the soil is improved. r . -After the concrete compaction is completed, the pneumatic mole 5 is reversed to withdraw it from the pile body. ~`
A cavity 6 (Fig. 5) formed by the pneumatic mole is again filled with the concrete mix, and the pneumatic mole is passed sev- .
eral times until the design pile wall thickness is ~'~
.~ ~ ` ' ' ~;
' ,. .
1~4~3876 o~tained. Thus, the manufacture of the reinforced concrete pile is completed.
The above-described method is used for making hollow piles.
In certain applications, where corrosion resistant piles are to be ~uilt, the internal space of the pile is filled with con-crete mix as shown in Figure 6.
`
.. ..
~:
., ': . '. .' ' ' ', . - ,;
. . . .
.: .` : ` . ~ .
. .
, 1~4~)876 .
thereof, whereby the concrete mix and the soil around the borehole are compacted in the radial direction.
The pile reinforcement preferably comprises a tubular frame which is deformed in the transverse direction prior to the installation in the borehole. The pile reinforcement preferably comprises a reeled metal net.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the internal cavity remaining after the extraction of the pneumatic mole is filled with a concrete mix.
The invention essentially consists in the following.
Due to the fact that the compaction of the concrete mix in the borehole is effected by repeatedly passing a pneumatic mole therethrough, an intensive compaction of the concrete mix takes place in the radial direction with respect to the borehole to form a concrete envelope inside the borehole. While being compacted, the concrete transmits the compacting force to the soil in the peripheral zone of the borehole thus enlarging it.
This permits making a borehole of a considerably smaller diameter as compared the design diameter of the pile so that light-weight portable equipment may be used for that purpose. Thus, after 4 - 5 passes of the pneumatic mole through the borehole filled with concrete mix having a diameter of 130 mm, a pile having a diameter from 230 to 250 mm can be built.
1~14~876 Tllis in turll permits building reinforced concrete piles in diLficultly accessible places.
I'he concrete mix, which is radially displaced during the -~compaction, entrains the reinforcement, and, as the degree of com-paction increases, secures it in the clesign position thus providing for a high load-carrying capacity of the pile.
In certain applications, where pile foundations are to withstand horizontal loads, the pile is reinforced with a cylindrical frame. ~ frame may be laced or it may be made of a metal net. The ! ~ frames of such a shape should be deformed in the transverse direc-tion prior to the installation in the borehole. Thus, laced cylin-drical frames are simply compressed at the sides, and frames made of a metal net are reeled. This provides for a more reliable and accu-rate location of reinforcement in the design position and improves the load-carrying capacity of piles withstanding horizontal loads.
Where piles are to be built in weak water-saturated soil or in an aggressive environment, the internal cavity remaining after the extraction of the pneumatic mole is filled with concrete mix to seal the pile. This improves the corrosion resistance of the pile ~O and prolonye its service life. '~
The invention will now be described with reference to s~ecific embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying draw- /~
ings, in which:
'~
~ ';
;,. , . :
,, ~,.
i~4lf~f~6 Figure l shows a longitudinal section of a borehole and a reinforcement frame placed over the borehole;
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the same bore-hole with the reinforcement frame deformed in the transverse direc-tion installed in the borehole;
Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III
in Figure 2;
Figure 4 shows a longitudindl section of the same bore-hole after filling it with concrete mix;
Figure S shows a longitudinal section of the same bore-hole duriny the coMpaction of the concrete mix; fp E`igure 6 snows a longitudinal section of finished pile.
The method of making pile consists in the following.
First a borehole 1 (Figs 1 - 6) is formed in soil using any equipment appropriate for that ~urpose, e.g. a pneumatic mole.
In accordance with the above considerations, the borehole diameter is selected to be by 20 - 40~ smaller than the design dia- f'~
meter of the pile being built. Then the borehole 1 is filled with f~"
a dry concrete mix having a moisture content of up to 16% by weight, f -and subsequently the mix is distributed over the borehole walls with a single pass of a pneumatic mole to form a protective concrete layer 2 therein. A reinforcement in the form of a tubular frame 3 is installed in the borehole 1 until the protective concrete layer ! .
has the time to set. f.;
The reinforcement frame may also comprise a net reeled into tube or single rebars.
1~4~876 The frame 3 should preferabl~ have a larger diameter than the diameter of tl~e initial borehole 1 by 15 - 30~. Prior to the installation in the borehole 1, the frame is deformed in the trans-verse direction so that it could pass into the borehole 1. After the installation of the frame 3, the borehole 1 (Fig. 4) is filled with concrete mix ~ (Figs 4 - 6) which is in~ediately compacted by means of a pneumatic mole 5 as shown in Figure 5 wllich also expands the initial borehole, the pneumatic mole penetrating the concrete mix along the borellole axis in the space within the frame 3.
During tlle above-described compaction of the concrete mix and concurrent expansion of the initial borehole, hence of the pile body, the reinforcement is stretched in the transverse direction along with the compaction of the concrete mix so that the design positioning of the reinforcement in the finished pile is ensured.
Furthermore, the soil around the pile walls is compacted, the bore- -hole walls are strengthened, and the pile body is pressed into soil so that the cohesion between the outer surface of the pile and the soil is improved. r . -After the concrete compaction is completed, the pneumatic mole 5 is reversed to withdraw it from the pile body. ~`
A cavity 6 (Fig. 5) formed by the pneumatic mole is again filled with the concrete mix, and the pneumatic mole is passed sev- .
eral times until the design pile wall thickness is ~'~
.~ ~ ` ' ' ~;
' ,. .
1~4~3876 o~tained. Thus, the manufacture of the reinforced concrete pile is completed.
The above-described method is used for making hollow piles.
In certain applications, where corrosion resistant piles are to be ~uilt, the internal space of the pile is filled with con-crete mix as shown in Figure 6.
`
.. ..
~:
., ': . '. .' ' ' ', . - ,;
Claims (4)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles comprising forming in soil a borehole with a diameter substantially smaller than the required pile diameter, placing a reinforcement in said borehole, filling the borehole with said reinforcement placed therein with concrete mix, positively compacting said concrete mix by repeatedly passing a pneumatic mole therethrough so as to enlarge said borehole to the required pile diameter, whereby the concrete mix and the soil around the borehole are compacted in the radial direction.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcment placed in the borehole comprises a tubular frame which is deformed in the transverse direction prior to the installation in the borehole.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reinforcement placed in the borehole comprises a metal net reeled into tube.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the internal cavity of the pile is filled with concrete after the extraction of the pneumatic mole therefrom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,040A CA1040876A (en) | 1976-01-21 | 1976-01-21 | Method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,040A CA1040876A (en) | 1976-01-21 | 1976-01-21 | Method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1040876A true CA1040876A (en) | 1978-10-24 |
Family
ID=4105034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA244,040A Expired CA1040876A (en) | 1976-01-21 | 1976-01-21 | Method of making built-in-place reinforced concrete piles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1040876A (en) |
-
1976
- 1976-01-21 CA CA244,040A patent/CA1040876A/en not_active Expired
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