BR112023017713A2 - Composições compreendendo profármacos cliváveis por enzima e nafamostato de liberação controlada e métodos de uso dos mesmos - Google Patents

Composições compreendendo profármacos cliváveis por enzima e nafamostato de liberação controlada e métodos de uso dos mesmos

Info

Publication number
BR112023017713A2
BR112023017713A2 BR112023017713A BR112023017713A BR112023017713A2 BR 112023017713 A2 BR112023017713 A2 BR 112023017713A2 BR 112023017713 A BR112023017713 A BR 112023017713A BR 112023017713 A BR112023017713 A BR 112023017713A BR 112023017713 A2 BR112023017713 A2 BR 112023017713A2
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
nafamostat
methods
release
controlled
enzyme
Prior art date
Application number
BR112023017713A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lynn Kirkpatrick
Original Assignee
Ensysce Biosciences Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ensysce Biosciences Inc filed Critical Ensysce Biosciences Inc
Publication of BR112023017713A2 publication Critical patent/BR112023017713A2/pt

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13Amines
    • A61K31/155Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H2N—C(=NH)—NH2), isourea (N=C(OH)—NH2), isothiourea (—N=C(SH)—NH2)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/167Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface
    • A61K9/1676Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface having a drug-free core with discrete complete coating layer containing drug
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/16Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
    • A61K31/165Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/197Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A61K31/235Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group
    • A61K31/24Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group having an amino or nitro group
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A61K31/235Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group
    • A61K31/24Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring attached to a carboxyl group having an amino or nitro group
    • A61K31/245Amino benzoic acid types, e.g. procaine, novocaine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/485Morphinan derivatives, e.g. morphine, codeine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/04Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/07Tetrapeptides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/32Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
    • A61K47/38Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/54Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
    • A61K47/542Carboxylic acids, e.g. a fatty acid or an amino acid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/62Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
    • A61K47/64Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/50Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
    • A61K47/51Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
    • A61K47/62Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
    • A61K47/65Peptidic linkers, binders or spacers, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1617Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A61K9/1623Sugars or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose; Derivatives thereof; Homeopathic globules
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1635Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1652Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5026Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5073Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
    • A61K9/5078Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings with drug-free core

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

composições compreendendo profármacos cliváveis por enzima e nafamostato de liberação controlada e métodos de uso dos mesmos. a presente invenção refere-se a composições farmacêuticas e métodos de uso das mesmas, em que as composições farmacêuticas incluem um pro-fármaco de agente ativo que fornece liberação controlada enzimaticamente de um agente ativo e nafamostato de liberação controlada ou um sal farmaceuticamente aceitável do mesmo.
BR112023017713A 2021-03-09 2022-03-08 Composições compreendendo profármacos cliváveis por enzima e nafamostato de liberação controlada e métodos de uso dos mesmos BR112023017713A2 (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202163158663P 2021-03-09 2021-03-09
PCT/US2022/019265 WO2022192197A1 (en) 2021-03-09 2022-03-08 Compositions comprising enzyme-cleavable prodrugs and controlled release nafamostat and methods of use thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR112023017713A2 true BR112023017713A2 (pt) 2023-09-26

Family

ID=83194419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR112023017713A BR112023017713A2 (pt) 2021-03-09 2022-03-08 Composições compreendendo profármacos cliváveis por enzima e nafamostato de liberação controlada e métodos de uso dos mesmos

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20220287992A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP4304576A1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2024508946A (pt)
KR (1) KR20230175187A (pt)
CN (1) CN117715632A (pt)
AU (1) AU2022234679A1 (pt)
BR (1) BR112023017713A2 (pt)
CA (1) CA3209375A1 (pt)
IL (1) IL305493A (pt)
MX (1) MX2023010506A (pt)
TW (1) TW202302082A (pt)
WO (1) WO2022192197A1 (pt)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5958459A (en) * 1991-12-24 1999-09-28 Purdue Pharma L.P. Opioid formulations having extended controlled released
EP2203056A1 (en) * 2007-09-25 2010-07-07 Nirmal Mulye Controlled release pharmaceutical compositions
CN102186467B (zh) * 2008-10-17 2014-06-04 特色疗法股份有限公司 具有减弱释放酚类阿片样物质的药用组合物
US20110262355A1 (en) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Jenkins Thomas E Compositions comprising enzyme-cleavable opioid prodrugs and inhibitors thereof
US20120232066A1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-09-13 Jenkins Thomas E Compositions for reducing risk of adverse events caused by drug-drug interactions
US10335406B2 (en) * 2015-10-01 2019-07-02 Elysium Therapeutics, Inc. Opioid compositions resistant to overdose and abuse
EP3934635A4 (en) * 2019-03-06 2022-12-07 Ensysce Biosciences, Inc. COMPOSITIONS OF ENZYME-CLEAVABLE AMPHETAMINE PRODRUGS AND INHIBITORS THEREOF

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3209375A1 (en) 2022-09-15
MX2023010506A (es) 2023-09-20
EP4304576A1 (en) 2024-01-17
CN117715632A (zh) 2024-03-15
KR20230175187A (ko) 2023-12-29
IL305493A (en) 2023-10-01
TW202302082A (zh) 2023-01-16
JP2024508946A (ja) 2024-02-28
US20220287992A1 (en) 2022-09-15
AU2022234679A1 (en) 2023-09-14
WO2022192197A1 (en) 2022-09-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
BR112021009595A2 (pt) Terapia de combinação incluindo um inibidor de krasg12c e um ou mais agentes farmaceuticamente ativos adicionais para o tratamento de cânceres
BR112015023922A2 (pt) composição farmacêutica compreendendo um ativador de ampk e um agente serotonérgico e métodos de uso destes
BR102016017090B8 (pt) Composição tópica de baixo ph e método para aumentar a aplicação tópica de um ingrediente ativo cosmeticamente aceitável
BR112017010551A2 (pt) composto, métodos para ativação de guanilato ciclase solúvel, para tratamento de uma ou mais condições selecionadas a partir de uma doença em um paciente e para tratamento de uma doença ou condição, composição farmacêutica, uso de um composto, e, medicamento.
BRPI0714055B8 (pt) compostos moduladores de propriedades farmacocinéticas de terapêuticos, composições farmacêuticas que compreendem os referidos compostos e usos dos mesmo
BR112012006686B8 (pt) compostos de amida substituída, composições farmacêuticas contendo os ditos compostos, e uso dos mesmos para prevenir e/ou tratar doenças causadas pelo lpa
BR112015007778A2 (pt) profármacos neutralizantes de vegf para o tratamento de condições oculares
BR112018069601A2 (pt) derivados de indolina substituídos como inibidores da replicação viral da dengue
BR112022004424A2 (pt) Pró-fármacos antivirais e formulações dos mesmos
AR096892A1 (es) Una combinación farmacéutica para el tratamiento del melanoma
BR112021025764A2 (pt) Derivado de pirimidina que inibe o crescimento de células cancerígenas e uso medicinal do mesmo
BR112019022307A2 (pt) Derivados da pirrolopirimidina úteis como inibidores de replicação de vírus da influenza.
BR112021011325A2 (pt) Derivados de rapamicina
BR112023000220A2 (pt) Formulações de longa ação
BR112019018615A2 (pt) compostos antimicrobianos, composições e usos dos mesmos
EP4234021A3 (en) Pharmaceutical composition comprising an adenosine derivative for use in the prevention or treatment of diabetic nephropathy
BR112021021158A2 (pt) Sistema de aplicação tópica contendo nanofibras de celulose
MA44079B1 (fr) Compositions pharmaceutiques comprenant un dérivé de phénylaminopyrimidine
PE20211738A1 (es) Formulacion basada en ciclodextrina de un inhibidor de bcl-2
BR112022025012A2 (pt) Inibidores de quinase de nek7
BR112018073419A2 (pt) combinação, uso da combinação, método para o tratamento, composto, método para o tratamento de doença de alzheimer e composição farmacêutica
BR112023017713A2 (pt) Composições compreendendo profármacos cliváveis por enzima e nafamostato de liberação controlada e métodos de uso dos mesmos
BR112019000509A2 (pt) composto ou sal farmaceuticamente aceitável do mesmo e composição farmacêutica
BR112022006381A2 (pt) Pró-fármacos de inibidores de mieloperoxidase
MX2023006235A (es) Composiciones para administracion de farmacos y metodos de uso de las mismas.