BG99563A - Device for filtering of soiled liquids, in particular of waste oils - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention deals with filtering and processing polluted liquids, in particular used oil, but also creosotes or coolants or cooling water. The aim of the invention is to provide a compact, portable and economic device having however a high specific capacity for filtering out of the liquid particles measuring down to a few micrometers, so that for example the purified oils may be reduced. For that purpose, a device for filtering polluted liquids, in particular oils such as used oils and creosotes, but also coolants or cooling water, has a filter, pumps which press the liquid through the filter, and additional fine filters.

Description

The invention relates to a device for filtering contaminated liquids.

A device with a high throughput filter which is "capable of being rated as a powerful filter, and with a pump for pumping oil through this Filter, is already known, this device allowing the separation of the coarsest foreign particles from the exhaust oil, so that it can it is burned while reducing residues. The oil refined with the device described above cannot be reused in any way, such as lubricating oil.

In addition, large installations, whole factories for the purification and regeneration of waste oils are already known, so that they can be used again, respectively. again. Well-known large-scale installations can only be built on a large scale at cost,

- 2 have reached many millions of German marks and are only economically viable when all waste oils from a large adjacent catchment area can be transported to them. However, this involves large transport costs, which on the one hand are accumulated on those sources that transmit old used oils, and on the other hand, recovered oils still cannot be economically advantageous over new oils. Therefore, in particular where waste oils are obtained, there is a tendency not to send them for regeneration but to remove and otherwise dispose of them, in some cases unauthorized.

From / 1 / there is already a known device for the recovery and recovery of waste lubricating oil. The publication proceeds from the fact that large amounts of lubricating oil are disposed of after use, especially in auto repair shops where large quantities of motor vehicle oils are replaced, which must then be removed in some way. To be recovered again, these oils should be collected and transported in watertight drums in one ^liter of oil Irma where maspopreryabotvatelni large industrial installations. These costs do not create great incentives for the auto repair shop, the gas station or the oil user to save a lot of money. In order to improve the regeneration of waste lubricating oils, (1) provides one facility comprising pumps, filters, heat exchangers and a vacuum evaporator, all housed in a mobile housing. In this way, individual workshops or service stations and non-oil users can have their own oil refining plant, so that the recovery of waste oil should be far more attractive.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that the case concerns a small, domestic or workshop-friendly wastewater treatment plant that can process only a small amount of oil in a single combustion engine for a short time, such as a single internal combustion engine. a few liters - a maximum of 5 or 7 liters. A larger amount of oil cannot be processed, and therefore, a single 5-micron filter as standard is also fitted with a single filter with a throughput of 0.5 microns. This greatly reduces productivity. In addition, only oils that have been used in motor vehicles and contain only a small number of well-defined pollutants, such as fuel constituents and / or oils, can be refined with the known device. carbon derivatives. With this ustoistio it is not possible to further purify the waste oils, especially those which in the industrial production are contaminated with metal chips or other similar contaminants.

Referring to (2) refers to a device for filtering liquids, namely, those which are released when drilling for oil; it is therefore concerned with coolants. The N publication describes a device according to the prior art that has three Filters. I am more

the exact estestio nothing has been said to these Filters. Because they are pre- only these were seen Filters, only liquids with

a narrow spectrum of pollutants in the form of solid particles, or the purification is unsatisfactory, since with a wider range of particles the filters become very useless and need to be replaced. In addition, as soon as metal particles appear, the filters become very fast

• ·

B / 3 / shows an apparatus for regenerating solids from liquids obtained from printing presses and with an extremely small amount of solids. In this case, the device has a reservoir into which the contaminated liquid flows. On the top of one sieve there is a liquid outlet. At the bottom is an extruder, which only solids precipitating solids are removed.

Therefore, the object of the invention is to avoid, and to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages, the development and improvement of a similar oil filtration device - in such a way that with its help and with a comparatively higher productivity of 3 rakes per 5,000 to 6,000 m per month, contaminated liquids, more waste oils can be purified in such a way that they can be reused as lubricating oils. The same applies to coolants and coolant.

The object of the invention is solved by a device according to claim 1.

The powerful Filter refers to a Filter that filters only the coarse particles mentioned in the introductory part, which is why it has a high throughput. In order not to reduce the overall performance of the installation relative to the performance of this first Filter or the so-called powerful Filter, the invention provides for the parallel arrangement of several of the finest Filters.

The Magnetic Filter reduces the load on the Fine Fil + three, and thus reduces the frequency of cleaning and replacement required. The magnetizing particles, thus the more fluent magnetizing metals, are thus removed in advance from the spent oil, thereby achieving the removal of particles of the order of magnitude up to these white or black-shining metals. 5 microns contained in the purified oil.

It turned out that by further fitting the finest filters, the usually existing particle size of 120 microns or more could be reduced by 10 to 20 times, ie. up to a size of 5 microns, so that, by means of the invention and the corresponding device, oils containing particles of this order alone can be purified, i. up to a maximum of 15 microns, and the amount of oil particles is also reduced several times in the order of 20 times. 1 'thus, in one particular test, it was found that by means of the device according to the invention, the gravimetric contamination according to ISO / DIS 4405 could be reduced from 427 mg / l to 26 mg / liter.

The pump is suitably located before the first Filter. Other suitable variants provide that Fine Filters can be included in groups for fluid treatment. In this way, the conditions are ensured that from the numerous Fine filters available, one or more groups can be further used for Filtering to continue the operation of the device according to the invention, as long as at least one group is disconnected from the fluid flow and so these Fine Filters can be replaced, respectively. the material of these Filters. This contributes to the cost-effective operating mode of the device according to the invention.

The finest Filters in this case are advantageously made so that they have a cylindrical body with a central hollow axis, with intermittent Filter Material interconnected, such that their Finier Filters themselves correspond to the Filters of the Filters, as may be found, for example, in / 4 / or / 5 /, the contents of which in this sense may well be the subject of this application.

In view of the possible leakage of oil when cleaning and replacing the SuperFine Filters, an appropriate option is to provide one or more oil traps under the SuperFine Filters.

The efficient treatment of tar oils, which may also contain sand, is mainly due to the fact that after the pump and the first high-performance filter, a heating device can be fitted with an ox and steam removal apparatus.

Other suitable embodiments provide that the inlet step is a pre-storage tank fitted with a sieve. In this way, by settling in the pre-storage tank, the largest particles with a weight significantly different from the oil to be cleaned can be removed in advance, so that these particles do not burden the actual filtering and purification installation.

While in the first embodiment of the invention, the additional magnetic filter is advantageously located inside the super-fine filter device, in another embodiment of the invention, the magnetic filter is provided as the inlet step of the device. In this case, a pump with a lever is inserted into the magnetic filter in a suitable layout through which, according to the liquid used, the latter is connected to a passing heater.

- Ί or to Filter with narrow leaks, respectively. separator. Thanks to this layout it is possible to refine both oils, waste oils, respectively. tar oils, but also coolants, respectively. cooling water, whereby the latter, after passing through large installations, reach the magnetic filter at the entrance step. This heated liquid may further be cooled to the required temperature by a heat exchanger or heat exchanger according to the invention. cooling unit. The ambassadors can be heated to the required temperature accordingly. Through the Narrow Gap Filter, respectively. the separator located in the coolant or respectively. The cooling water oil can be / is separated from the water and friction waste, so it will become more fragile before the purified liquid enters the Super Fine Filters. This way, the real Filtering and Purifier device is not loaded. Accordingly, when refining oils, metal particles are removed by means of a magnetic jack, a wide-screen filter, and also through a roll of ketch. In this way, these particles do not load the actual Filter and Purifier.

Other modifications include the installation of a double filter through which fluid can be filtered through alternating switching.

Thus, in the second embodiment of the device according to the invention, only one installation is needed in order to efficiently purify oils, respectively. coolants / water.

In order to check the operation of the device according to the invention, it may further be provided for the placement of observation windows in the power supply or in the power supply. and / or piping outlet and availability of sampling point. In order to check the bandwidth, an alternative option is to provide a flowmeter.

With the aid of the invention, a device can be implemented which can be portably located where the oil is obtained, such as at forwarding offices, bus companies, factories, where the machines operate with oil, etc., so that these enterprises can to self-purify and reuse the resulting oils without having to turn to third parties for that purpose. This also applies to large auto repair shops that operate as a third party service provider and replace their customers. In addition, transportable devices according to the invention may also be provided as regional small central collection and treatment points for service stations and smaller auto repair shops where self-cleaning would not yet be wasteful.

As a singshoot, this saves on long roads and transport costs. The cost of an installation according to the invention, despite the relatively high productivity, a

hence the comparative high productivity as a quality guideline, but also great power in quantitative terms, namely improving the degree of purity about 100 times lower than those for pentral

our installations. The device according to the invention can be operated much more economically than in the already known large installations, in particular because the economy of the operating mode does not require continuous supply of waste oil.

- 9 Provided that the above is a monthly designation of 5,000 to 6,000 m 'with the necessary funds to buy the device around 150,000 German marks (without the heating device), the installation can also be adapted to the actual expected receipt of waste oils, such as being considered as having a smaller or more permeable capacity, in particular, by means of a layout having superfine Filters parallel to the oil flow path, one is to reduce the volume bandwidth.

Other advantages and features of the invention derive from the claims and from the description below, the coupling in detail is an exemplary embodiment of the device according to the invention by means of a drawing. The drawing shows: FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention; FIG.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged and slightly more detailed layout of the actual Filter and Purifier, side view;

FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the device of FIG. 2;

4 is a schematic overall view of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention;

Figure 5 - Top view of the back of a superfine Filters battery; and

Fig.6 - Superfine battery Filters of Fig.5 in side view.

The device according to the invention, in the first embodiment shown, initially has a pre-storage tank 1 in which precipitations of predominantly 10 larger particles with substantially greater specific gravity than the liquid to be filtered can take place. As a rule, the liquid should remain in this tank 1 for pre-storage for 24 hours before being handed over for further processing in the device according to the invention.

The pre-storage tank 1 has a feed tube 51 reaching a location below the sieve 52. A suction sleeve 2 enters the pre-storage tank 1 above the sieve 52 through which the liquid from the pre-storage tank 1 is sucked in by a pump. Sieves prevent large particles from being sucked into one of the suction heads 2a of the suction sleeve 2 and possibly sucked in. The suction head 2a of the suction sleeve 2 is designed as a popup so that the head always lies on the surface 55 of the liquid - regardless of the filling level, and the suction sleeve 2 sucks the liquid only from its upper part. In order for the suction head 2a to monitor the level of the liquid, the suction sleeve 2 is made movable at least in the direction of the axis; for this purpose, as depicted, it may be shaped like a telescopic tube 54; alternatively it can be a flexible hose.

In the illustrated embodiment, the sieve 52, in the area of the discharge tube 51, is an extruder 55 with stationary magnets 56 disposed around it. The blows attract magnetizing particles, especially the larger ones; this is facilitated by the fluid flow through the extruder. In this connection, the supply of air and liquid may also contribute. The magnetized particles 56 are further scraped from the extruder and are removed from the extruder 1.

An additional coarse filter 57 is located in the suction line 2 connected to the suction sleeve 2.

It can be connected to - for processing tar oils - a heating unit 3 in order to heat the tar oils to be purified and thus to give them a lower viscosity on the one hand, and on the other to dispose of the moisture contained in the liquid. For this bake it is heated to a temperature above 10 ° C, so that the water is evaporated and can be separated.

This is done in a volumetric pass-through apparatus 4 which can be connected to the heating unit 3.

This is followed by the actual filter device 6 with receiver 7, a magnetic filter 8, a pump unit 9, which is preferably a 0.6 bar tooth pump unit with a capacity of several kilowatts. In this situation, the pump 9 is connected to a first Filter 11 with comparatively high performance to filter coarse particles, which is hereinafter referred to as a powerful Filter. Where appropriate, such a Filter as the gender designation ST.E 270 030 by EPE Epnensteiner GmbH ft Co. may be used here. Filterbau in D-68775 Ketsch. The sweaty Filter 11 is carried by a frame

12. The receiver of the powerful Filter 11 appears laterally at 13 (Figure 2), and while the discharge is centrally pop the Filter 11 at 14. Such nozzles of the Powerful Filters are generally already known.

The embossed, '' 'illuminated, heated in the powerful Filter is then fed to the Super Fine Filters 16, which filter even the tiniest particles of heated oil, finally passing it through the exhaust port 17 for further resp. for new use.

• · · · w β «- '·' * *« · * · '-> »·« ·· «9» ·· «·« ·· ·· · * · ···

- 12 The Magnetic Filter 8 has a very powerful magnet by which magnetizing particles are extracted from the flow of liquid. On the upper side of the magnetic filter 8 is provided an air outlet valve 21. Further, the magnetic filter 8 has an indicator 22. In addition, it is provided with its own circuit breaker 23 so that it can be switched on or off as desired (Fig. 3).

A terminal box 24 is provided for the power supply and operation of the entire facility.

Pump unit 9 is aspirated by a coarse or additional Filter 26 so that the coarsest particles in the pump unit 9 are prevented from disrupting or damaging the pump unit, insofar as these particles have not already been separated into the tank 1 for advance storage, for example, because they are not sharply differentiated by the specific gravity of the liquid or else such a tank 1 is not used for pre-storage.

In addition, a shut-off valve 8a is provided on the receiver 7a between the magnetic filter 8 and the pump assembly 9 in order to shut down the system if necessary. In addition, there may be an observation window through which it is possible to check the consistency, in particular the turbidity of the liquid, compared to the fluid drawn from the exhaust, where such an observation window may also be placed.

The fluid purified through the powerful Filter 11 is fed through a deflection 46 of the exhaust pipe to two parallel passing distribution pipes 27, 28 leading to two groups, therefore, for each pipeline, one consisting of several superfine Filters.

16. In addition, through the switch 29, the fluid can be fed to either a group of super-fine filters, go to the other group of them, or to both at the same time. The first two alternatives make it possible to replace the filters - even though the installation is in operation - which are not currently pumped with fluid, making it unnecessary to shut down the installation altogether. The fluid enters through a central filter 31 located on the underside of the superfine Filters 31 respectively into one superfine filter 16 and also exits laterally on the underside 32 from the filter again, passing through collecting wires to the main tube 33 and therein. - to the outlet flange 34. A flowmeter 36 may be located in the main line 33. In addition, an observation field 37 is provided in front of the outlet Fpanep.

Here, too, a stopping mechanism may be provided.

The spent oil, as well as the tar oils, are initially introduced into the pre-storage tank, where they have sufficient time, for example, for 24 hours, to remove even the bolder solids. It may be possible to provide for a large number of pre-storage tanks, each of which will then be connected to the filter device.

The oil is then aspirated from the pre-storage tank 1 through the suction sleeve 2 by means of the pump unit 9 and, in the case of tar oils, is first passed through the heating induction plant 3, in which it is heated to a temperature of about 100, so that the water moisture can be separated through the evaporator 4.

The liquid to be purified then enters the magnetic separator 8 into which the magnetizing particles are released. Leak-

The pump is then pumped through the pumping unit 11 through the first filter. The liquid is then pumped through the Super Fine Filters 16, where even the smallest particles, up to about 15 microns in size, are filtered. After passing through the Super Fine Filters 16, the purified oil can be withdrawn through the exhaust 34 and fed to it, respectively. reuse.

In another embodiment, the device according to the invention has, first and foremost, a magnetic filter 101 with a self-cleaning device as a pre-filter in which the fluid is introduced by gravity transfer 102. A magnetic pre-filter is carried out in the magnetic filter 101 by extracting magnetizing particles. from the liquid through magnets. The large iron-containing particles are combined in such a way in the filter cake that smaller particles of pollutants are also extracted from the liquid. The Gamma Camera (not shown in the drawing) to reach the Filter Cake reaches a certain filling level, the Filter Cake is automatically removed from the camera

The device shown in Figure 4 can be used for filtering non-spent oil, hydraulic oil, tar oil, as well as for filtering and purifying coolant from machines and coolant from tooling. In the filtration of the first liquids, after adjusting the lever 104 located on the pump 103, the fluid enters through the inlet 105 into a pass-through heater 106. The pump 103, with a pressure of 4 to 5 bar, removes the liquid pre-purified by the magnetic filter 101 from below the magnetic filter. Filter 101 serving as a preliminary tank camera (not pictured). In order to heat the liquid to 80 ° C at a blowing rate of 2 m / h, the passage heater 106 has a predominantly heating output of 84.6 kilowatts. This pass-through heater 106 gives the oil to be purified on the one hand a lower viscosity and, on the other, the available ox, respectively. the moisture available. The through passage heater 106 is provided with a pressure relief valve and a heat regulator to prevent overheating of the liquid. An electromagnetic separator 107 is connected to the pass-through heater 106. Under its influence, the metallic wine particles are agglomerated. After the electromagnetic separator 107, a mechanical filter stage 108 is included, such as a high performance filter or a powerful filter. The filter step is referred to as a wide-leaved or wide-leaved Filter 108. Agglomerated particles are deposited on this wide-leaved Filter, as well as rubble, rubbing, soot, etc., thus forming a filter cake. The throughput is predominantly 220 rpm. In large installations it can also be 400 or 600 l / min. Through the Infinite Roller Tissue Roller (not shown), the filter cake forming particles are brought out almost dry at the end 109 nz of this Filter section 110.

In the second pump 111, the pre-filtered fluid achieves a double Filter 112. This dual Filter 112, whose Filters can be switched as desired, prevents even larger particles from being present in the Super Fine Filter apparatus. In the case of the Dual Filter 112, it may be a ceramic or paper-filter filter. However, a stainless steel screen with a mesh size of 3 to 5 microns may also be used.

Connected directly to the dual filter or mounted after it may be a continuous continuous counter 113. It may have a permanent or daily counter mechanism. In this way, the throughput can be checked for the cleaning of waste oil. Thereafter, the filtered fluid enters the super-fine Filter installation 114, where it is fed to the super-fine Filters 115. The latter filter even the smallest particles of liquid and pass it through exhaust 116 further, through which the Fine-Filtered fluid enters an uncharged empty tank. the purified liquid, in particular oil. Through installation 114 of the SuperFine Filters, as much as possible, special residues of metals such as lead, zinc, aluminum, carbon black, emulsions and ox are filtered out.

Further, the device according to the invention, in its modification, has a distribution box 117 through which all the switches are made and which has warning and overload alarms and which, if necessary, stops, respectively. turns off the loop installation.

When the device of FIG. 4 according to the invention is used to purify the coolants and / or the cooling water then passes the liquid - especially when large quantities of water have to be peeled off - and which, after flowing through large installations, has a temperature of about 50 to 70 ° C, in the same way as oils - through the magnetic filter 101. After this fluid enters through the pump 103 not into the pass-through heater 106, and after moving the lever 104 is fed to a filter with narrow leaks 118. Through this filter 118 with narrow leaks, the oils are separated from water and rubbing. Through an uncircumcised valve in the lower section of Filter 118 with narrow leakage gaps, a solid sludge, respectively. this pollutant. A separator 118 may also be used instead of narrow-gap Filter 118.

After filtration, the liquid medium reaches the heat exchanger, respectively. to cooling unit 119, where it is cooled to about 20 ° C. Following this heat exchanger 119, the super-fine filter installation 114 is either directly switched on, or after switching the post 120, the medium passes through the pump 111, the double filter 112, and possibly through the flowmeter 113 and enters the filter installation 114. In this case, the transfer of the post 120 is from the junction box 117.

All structural members 101 to 120 are mounted on a common support structure (not shown) that can be reinforced with a steel frame. The complete installation can be done mobile or stationary, including all necessary piping, connections and fittings. Then only the power supply connections, as well as the supply and discharge connections for the fluid, must be installed at the installation site.

The depicted in FIG. 5 and 6 of the SuperFine Filters 201 can be used for both the SuperFine Filters 16 in FIGS. 1 to 3 and the SuperFine Filters of FIG. 4. The Super Fine Filters installation has a Filter Battery 202 which, in the embodiment shown 3, has blocks 203, 204, 205 respectively disposed with super Fine Filters 201. Below the Filter Battery 202 is a tank 206 for storing the purified medium. Through the receiver 207 with the distribution pipes 208 heated, respectively. the cooled medium is fed to the individual blocks 203, 204, 205. To each »*

- 18 of the distribution pipes 208 are located on the line stop valve

209. With its help, each Hell Block 203, 204, 205 can be stopped to replace the SuperFine Filters 201. The SuperFine Filters 201 have a body 210 with a lid and a bridge closure. An inlet opening with a barometer 211 is located in front of the superfilter filter body 210. An outlet 212 for sludge and rubbing friction is provided between the stopcock 209 and the barometer 211. After cleaning, in the superfine Filter 201, the purified medium enters the outflow 213, which preferably has a non-return valve. Through this outflow 213, the medium enters either the depicted tank 206, or also a pipeline, to be supplied to the new tank, respectively. reuse it.

References:

/ 1 / US-A-4 179 01 9/2 / US-A-4 352 739/3 / US-A-1 624 385/4 / PE-OB 39 38 686/5 / DE-GM 89 13 769

Claims (22)

PATENT II 1 'Π R E T F. II 1. A device for filtering contaminated liquids, in particular oils, waste oils, tar oils, but also of cooling liquids, cooling water or similar substances, with filters and at least one pumping fluid through the filters (9). , 103), where after a powerful Filter (11, 108) there are several additional, placed perpendicularly to each other in the course of the flow of Super Fine Filters (16, 115, 201), and a magnetic Filter (8, 101) is also provided. ) with a magnet to pull in magnetized solids substance from the liquid. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pump (9) is located before the powerful Filter (11). Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the superfine Filters (16, 115, 201) can be included in fluid treatment groups. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the super-fine filters (16, 115, 201) have a cylindrical body with a central hollow axis, with filter material interposed. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet step is a pre-storage tank provided with at least one sieve (52). 6. A device according to claim 5, characterized in that the inlet (51) is disposed towards and the outlet (2, 2a) is discharged from the reservoir (1) by positioning them on different sides of the sieve (52). ). Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the outlet (2, 2a) leaving the tank (1) is provided with a float. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the extruder (51) is disposed of an extruder (55). Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the extruder (55) is attached to stationary magnetic jaws (56) in such a way that the extruder (55) can scrape off the large particles collected on them and magnetize them. led outside the tank (1). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the direction of leakage, the pump (9) and the first filter (11) are in front of them a heating device (3) with a water-through passage apat (4). Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the magnetic filter (101) represents the inlet step of the device. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the magnetic filter (8) is arranged inside the filter device (6). Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the magnetic filter filter (101) is disposed with a pump (103) with post / (104). 14. A device according to claim 13, characterized in that the pump includes an alternating ipiphod 21 heater <106) for oil, respectively. Narrow gap filter, respectively. coolant separator (118), sand. cooling water. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that an electromagnetic separator (107) and a wide filter (108, 109) are arranged after the pass-through heater (106). Device according to claim 14, characterized in that, after the narrow-gap filter, respectively. separator (118) is a heat exchanger or respectively. you cool the unit (119). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a second pump (111). A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a dual filter (112). A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by an observation window (37) in the inlet and / or outlet wires. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a sampling site. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a flowmeter (36, 113). A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mast is provided, especially pop superfine Filters (16, 115, 201).