BG113100A - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The reduction gear finds application in mechanical engineering and wherever it is necessary to achieve a high gear reduction ratio when transforming movements. It consists of a housing with a cover and a flange, in which are arranged the input and output shafts. The input shaft (7) is mounted via bearings in the output shaft (6) and in the cover (1) and on it are formed two off-centred journals, located at 180 degrees. On the first journal is mounted a first generator (15), on the second - a second generator (12), and on the housing (2) are mounted a gear rim (4a), in engagement with the first generator (15) and a gear rim (4), in engagement with the second generator (12). The output shaft (6) is mounted via bearings in the flange (3) and to it is mounted a separator (5), with openings (19) into which enter second pins (16), pressed-on into the second generator (12), and pins (13), pressed-on into the first generator (17) are positioned in openings (14) of the second generator (12). The reduction gear has a simple and technological design and reduced cost, as well as at the same time it provides interchangeability in terms of power and gear reduction ratio with a double-stage heliocentric-type reducer with involute teeth.

Description

A declaration of license readiness has been submitted according to Art. 30 of the ZPRPM.

REDUCER

Field of technique

The reducer is used in mechanical engineering and other areas where it is necessary to achieve a high transmission ratio when transforming movements, in particular in hoist construction, when the reducer and the motor of the hoist need to be located on two opposite sides of the lifting drum.

Prior art

Planetary reducers [1] are known, which consist of a housing with a cover and a flange mounted to it, in which an input and an output shaft are located, connected to at least one gear, which has a ring gear with internal involute teeth, to which two or more planet gears with external teeth driven by a sun gear with external involute teeth from the input shaft.

The kinematic capabilities of planetary reducers are limited to a gear ratio of up to 11, for one gear (degree), and their construction is complex and insufficiently technological.

Technical essence

The task is to create a reducer with a simplified and technological design with reduced dimensions, number of parts and weight, resp. with a reduced cost, as in terms of power and gear ratio, the reducer is interchangeable with a two-stage planetary reducer with involute teeth.

The objectives are achieved by means of a reducer comprising a housing on both sides of which a cover and a flange are mounted, and in which an input and output shaft are located, connected to at least one gear having a ring gear with internal teeth. The input shaft of the reducer is supported in the output shaft and in the cover. Two eccentric necks are formed on the input shaft, located at 180 degrees to each other, and by means of a corresponding bearing, a first generator is mounted on the first neck, and a second generator is mounted on the second eccentric neck. A ring gear meshing with the first generator and a ring gear meshing with the second generator are immovably mounted on the housing. The output shaft is supported in the flange by means of a bearing and a lock bearing, which is axially fixed to the flange. A separator is mounted on the output shaft, in which holes are made, into which large thumbs enter, which are driven into the second generator. Thumbs driven into the first generator fit into holes made in the second generator.

Another implementation option is when cylindrical rollers are installed at equal distances along the periphery of the generators. It is expedient to have one of the generators with cylindrical surfaces and the other with cylindrical rollers.

In order to better close the lid, it is possible to insert a cap.

The advantages of the proposed reducer are expressed in reduced dimensions, number of parts and weight, resp. reduced cost, while at the same time ensuring its interchangeability in terms of power and gear ratio with a two-stage planetary reducer is involute teeth.

Explanations of the attached figures

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the reducer;

Figure 2 - first generator with cylindrical surfaces on the periphery;

Figure 3 - second generator is cylindrical surfaces along the periphery;

Figure 4 - separator;

Figure 5 - ring gear with internal teeth, the same for both generators.

Implementation examples

Different designs of the reducer have been developed according to the proposed new solution without being limited to the specific examples presented below:

Example 1:

A planetary reducer (fig. 1-5) was created, including a housing 2, on both sides of which, by means of screws and pins, a cover 1 and a flange 3, which serves to connect the entire reducer to an executive mechanism, are immovably mounted, respectively. An input shaft 7 and an output shaft 6 are located in the housing, connected by a ring gear with internal teeth.

The input shaft 7 is supported by means of a small bearing 8 in the output shaft 6, and by means of a bearing 20 it is supported in the cover 1. On the input shaft 7, two eccentric necks are made, located at 180 degrees to each other, and on the first neck by means of a roller bearing 17, a first generator 15, with cylindrical surfaces 23 on the periphery, is mounted, and by means of a roller bearing 11, a second generator 12, with cylindrical surfaces 23 on the periphery, is mounted on the second eccentric neck. In the interior of the housing 2 fixed, by means of screws and pins, a ring gear 4a, which is in engagement with the first generator 15, and a ring gear 4, which is in engagement with the second generator 12, are fixed. Ring gear 4a and ring gear 4 have the same type and number of internal teeth 24. The output shaft 6 is supported in the flange 3 by means of a large bearing 9 and a locking bearing 10, which is axially locked by a plate 21, screws 22 are attached to the flange 3. A separator is mounted on the output shaft 6 by means of splines 5. In the holes 19 made in the separator 5, large thumbs 16 enter, which are driven into the second generator 12. Thumbs 13, driven into the first generator 17, go into holes 14, made in the second generator 12. Cap 18 is driven into cover 1.

The presented planetary reducer with tubular meshes is single-stage with two planets - first generator 15 and second generator 12.

Example 2:

A reducer was developed, in which the required number of cylindrical rollers (not shown) with cylindrical surfaces 23 are mounted on the periphery of the generator, at equal distances.

Example 3:

A reducer was created in which, by analogy with the reducers of Examples 1 and 2, one of the generators on its periphery has cylindrical surfaces 23, and the other one has cylindrical rollers.

Using the reducer

The action of the offered planetary gearbox is as follows:

When rotating, the input shaft 7, by means of a bearing 17 mounted on an eccentric neck, transmits movement to the first generator 15, which raises its rollers (cylindrical surfaces 23) to engage with the internal teeth 24 of the ring gear 4a, and by means of a bearing 11 , mounted on the other eccentric neck, a movement is transmitted to a second generator 12, which raises its rollers (cylindrical surfaces 23) to engage with the internal teeth 24 of the ring gear 4.

The difference between the number of teeth 24 of the ring gear 4a and the number of rollers (cylindrical surfaces 23) of the first generator 15 (eg 1) is the same as between the number of teeth 24 of the ring gear 4 and the number of rollers (cylindrical surfaces 23) of the second generator 12, and it determines the reduction of revolutions of the input shaft 7. This reduction is equal to the number of rollers (cylindrical surfaces 23) of the first generator 15, resp. of the second generator 12, which rotate in the opposite direction of rotation of the input shaft 7. Fingers 13, which are in contact with holes 14, transmit the torque from the first generator 15 to the second generator 12. The big fingers 16, enter holes 19 of the separator 5 and rotate it with the same revolutions and direction as on the first generator 15, resp. second generator 12. Separator 5 by means of splines is mounted to the output shaft 6 and transmits its rotational movement to it. In turn, the output shaft 6 has external splines that transmit rotation to the connected executive mechanism, for example a lifting drum.

Literature:

1. Arnaudov, K., D. Karaivanov, "Planetary Gears", Publishing House of BAS "Prof. Marin Drinov", Sofia.

Claims (5)

1. A reducer comprising a housing with a cover and a flange mounted to it, in which an input and an output shaft are located, connected by at least one gear with a ring gear with internal teeth, characterized in that the input shaft (7) is supported in the output shaft (6) and in the cover (1) and on it two eccentric necks are formed, located at 180 degrees to each other, and on the first neck the first generator (15) is mounted, and on the second eccentric neck the second generator (12 ), a ring gear (4a) that engages with the first generator (15) and a gear ring (4) that engages with the second generator (12) are immovably fixed on the housing (2), such as the output shaft (6) is supported in the flange (3) by means of a bearing (9) and a locking bearing (10), axially fixed to the flange (3), and a separator (5) is mounted to it, in which holes (19) are made, into which large thumbs (16) that are driven into the second generator (12) and thumbs (13) driven into the first generator (17) are positioned holes (14) made in the second generator (12). 2. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that cylindrical surfaces (23) are formed on the periphery of the first generator (15) and/or the second generator (12). 3. Gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that cylindrical rollers are mounted on the periphery of the first generator (15) and/or the second generator (12). 4. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that cylindrical surfaces (23) are formed on the periphery of one of the generators, and cylindrical rollers are mounted on the periphery of the other. 5. A reducer according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a cap (18) is installed in the cover (1).