BE822337A - Exhaust pollution reduction method - produces hydrogen by action of cerium on water vapour - Google Patents

Exhaust pollution reduction method - produces hydrogen by action of cerium on water vapour

Info

Publication number
BE822337A
BE822337A BE150628A BE150628A BE822337A BE 822337 A BE822337 A BE 822337A BE 150628 A BE150628 A BE 150628A BE 150628 A BE150628 A BE 150628A BE 822337 A BE822337 A BE 822337A
Authority
BE
Belgium
Prior art keywords
cerium
water vapor
pipe
intake manifold
compound containing
Prior art date
Application number
BE150628A
Other languages
French (fr)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE150628A priority Critical patent/BE822337A/en
Application filed filed Critical
Priority to BE153203A priority patent/BE825353R/en
Publication of BE822337A publication Critical patent/BE822337A/en
Priority to GB18694/75A priority patent/GB1504952A/en
Priority to IT23068/75A priority patent/IT1037902B/en
Priority to FR7515102A priority patent/FR2292118A1/en
Priority to SE7506572A priority patent/SE417997B/en
Priority to ES438543A priority patent/ES438543A1/en
Priority to BR7504673A priority patent/BR7504673A/en
Priority to BE161770A priority patent/BE835467R/en
Priority to DE19752551350 priority patent/DE2551350A1/en
Priority to MC751169A priority patent/MC1081A1/en
Priority to LU73821A priority patent/LU73821A1/xx
Priority to ZA00757258A priority patent/ZA757258B/en
Priority to CS757785A priority patent/CS227652B2/en
Priority to NO753872A priority patent/NO141698C/en
Priority to AT876075A priority patent/AT362621B/en
Priority to AU86738/75A priority patent/AU496162B2/en
Priority to NL7513507A priority patent/NL7513507A/en
Priority to PL1975184861A priority patent/PL105710B1/en
Priority to DD189563A priority patent/DD122032A5/xx
Priority to IE2522/75A priority patent/IE43447B1/en
Priority to CA240057A priority patent/CA1054468A/en
Priority to OA55670A priority patent/OA05169A/en
Priority to DK520675A priority patent/DK148555C/en
Priority to JP50139150A priority patent/JPS51101782A/en
Priority to IL48500A priority patent/IL48500A/en
Priority to EG75680A priority patent/EG12030A/en
Priority to AR261283A priority patent/AR208571A1/en
Priority to US06/060,116 priority patent/US4341184A/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/945Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B47/00Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B51/00Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines
    • F02B51/02Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines involving catalysts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/032Producing and adding steam
    • F02M25/035Producing and adding steam into the charge intakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M27/00Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
    • F02M27/02Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02CCAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The method is applicable to internal combustion engines in which the air intake filter (4) passes air (5) through the venturi (2) where it receives fuel (9) through a jet (10) and water vapour (6) through a jet (7). The mixture passes past the throttle valve (8) and through a grill (11) of cerium or cerium compound into the engine intake manifold (3). The combined effect of the water vapour and the cerium is to inhibit the formation of nitrous oxides and carbon-monoxide in the exhaust gases. The method can be used with factory chimneys where a grid of cerium extends across the chimney just above a jet supplying water. In this case the noxious products already formed will be decomposed.

Description

       

  "Procédé et dispositif pour éviter la pollution de l'atmosphère par

  
 <EMI ID=1.1>   <EMI ID=2.1> 

  
L'invention concerne essentiellement un procédé et un dispositif permettant d'éviter la pollution de l'atmosphère par des gaz nocifs tels que les oxydes d'azote et le monoxyde de carbone.

  
Ce problème revêt actuellement une importance particulière, et de nombreux essais ont déjà été tentés pour réduire ou éliminer ces gaz nocifs présents dans les gaz ou fumées rejetés dans l'atmosphère par les cheminées d'usines, les systèmes d'échappement des moteurs à combustion interne des véhicules automobiles, etc.

  
On connaît notamment un grand nombre de procédés et de dispositifs qui sont destinés à purifier les gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion interne. Cependant, ced moyens connus ne donnent pas entière satisfaction, car d'une part, ils sont souvent complexes, coûteux, et d'une fiabilité faible, et d'autre part, ils ne permettent pas d'éliminer totalement les oxydes d'azote et le monoxyde de carbone présents dans les gaz d'échappement.

  
Enfin, ces moyens connus sont pour la plupart destinés à éliminer ou décomposer les gaz nocifs, et non à empêcher leur formation.

  
La présente invention a précisément pour but de pallier les inconvénients de ces moyens connus, et cela grâce à un procédé et un dispositif extrêmement simples, peu coûteux et d'une fiabilité assurée.

  
Le procédé selon l'invention, permettant d'éviter la pollution de l'atmosphère par des gaz nocifs tels que les oxydes d'azote et le monoxyde de carbone, est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à empêcher leur formation et/ou à provoquer leur décomposition au moyen d'hydrogène produit par la décomposition de vapeur d'eau par du cé rium ou un composé contenant du cérium.

  
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on introduit la vapeur d'eau dans un courant de gaz ou de fumée destiné à être rejeté dans l'atmosphère et susceptible de contenir ou de permettre la formation d'oxydes d'azote et de monoxyde de carbone, et on amène le mélange résultant en contact avec du cérium ou un composé contenant du cérium.

  
Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, permettant

  
 <EMI ID=3.1> 

  
à combustion interne, par exemple de véhicule automobile, on introduit la vapeur d'eau dans le collecteur d'admission dudit moteur, dans lequel 00 00 00 **de 0 900 

  
passe également le mélange d'air d'alimentation et de carburant liquide pulvérisé, et on fait passer le mélange résultant à travers une grille de cérium ou d'un composé contenant du cérium, disposée dans ledit collecteur d'admission.

  
On a en effet constaté que l'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans un

  
 <EMI ID=4.1> 

  
et le passage de ce mélange résultant sur une grille de cérium ou d'un composé contenant du cérium, provoquent de façon surprenante l'absence totale d'oxydes d'azote et de monoxyde de carbone dans les gaz d'échappement rejetés à l'atmosphère.

  
Ainsi, d'une façon extrêmement simple et avec des moyens peu coûteux, on élimine les plus grands dangers de pollution de l'atmosphère par des gaz nocifs.

  
Un avantage corollaire de l'invention est que la combustion du mélange combustible se fait de façon plus efficace, que l'on constate une baisse faible, mais réelle de la consommation de carburant, et que simultanément on évite également la formation de calamine.

  
L'invention concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, comprenant une canalisation ou analogue dans laquelle passe un milieu gazeux susceptible de contenir ou de provoquer la formation de gaz nocifs tels que les oxydes d'azote et le monoxyde de car-bone, et qui est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également des moyen  pour l'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans la canalisation précitée et au moins un élément en cérium ou en composé contenant du cérium placé dans ladite canalisation en aval des moyens d'introduction de vapeur d'eau précités.

  
L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront mieux au cours de

  
la description explicative qui va suivre en se reportant aux dessins schématiques annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple illustrant deux modes de réalisation et l'invention et dans lequels :
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un collecteur d'admission de moteur à combustion interne, pourvu du dispositif selon l'invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une cheminée d'usine pourvue du dispositif selon l'invention.

  
En figure 1, on a donc représenté l'application du procédé et du dispositif selon l'invention à un système d'admission de moteur à combustion interne, par exemple pour un véhicule automobile.

  
Ce système d'admission comprend, d'une façon connue en soi, une canalisation 1 dont la paroi interne comprend un Venturi 2, et qui forme l'entrée d'un collecteur d'admission 3 du moteur à combustion interne. L'entrée de la canalisation 1 est coiffée d'un filtre à. air 4, et l'air d'alimentation du moteur pénètre donc par ce filtre à air dans la canalisation 2 et s'écoule dans la direction indiquée par la flèche 5.

  
Un carburateur 6, alimenté de façon classique en carburant liquide tel que de l'essence, est disposé à proximité immédiate de la canalisation 1 et envoie, dans le Venturi 2 de celle-ci, du carburant liquide pulvérisé en fines gouttelettes par l'intermédiaire d'un gicleur non représenté. La flèche 7 indique l'admission de ce carburant pulvérisé dans le Venturi 2 de la canalisation 1.

  
Le système d'admission comprend également un papillon des gaz

  
8 disposé en aval du Venturi 2 et permettant de régler le débit vers les cylindres du mélange d'air d'alimentation et de carburant pulvérisé.

  
Selon l'invention, ce système d'admission comprend également des moyens 9 permettant l'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans le Venturi 2, comme indiqué par la flèche 10. Une grille 11 en cérium ou en un composé contenant du cérium est disposé* en aval du Venturi 2, par exemple juste à l'entrée du collecteur d'admission 3, de telle sorte que le mélange d'air d'alimentation, de carburant pulvérisé, et de vapeur d'eau aspiré dans le collecteur d'admission 3 passe au travers de cette grille 11.

  
Des moyens, non représentés permettent de régler l'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans le Venturi 2 en fonction du régime de fonctionnement du moteur, par exemple de la même façon que le carburateur 6 permet de régler l'admission de carburant dans le Venturi 2.

  
On remarquera également que les moyens 9 d'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans le Venturi 2 peuvent comprendre un réservoir d'eau qui est vaporisée par la chaleur de fonctionnement du moteur à combustion interne.

  
Ce dispositif fonctionne de la façon suivante :
-i-L'air d'alimentation, le carburant pulvérisé, et la vapeur d'eau introduits dans le Venturi 2 sont aspirés dans le collecteur d'admission 3 du moteur, et passent ainsi au travers de la grille 11 de cérium ou d'un composé contenant du cérium. Ce mélange est ensuite distribué dans les divers cylindres du moteur, pour y être brûlé de façon classique, les gaz de combustion produits étant ensuite rejetés à l'atmosphère par le système d'échappement du moteur à combustion interne.

  
On constate alors de façon surprenante que ces gaz d'échappement ne contiennent aucune trace de monoxyde de carbone ou d'oxydes d'azote. En outre, on constate également que la consommation en carburant d'un moteur pourvu du dispositif selon l'invention est légèrement inférieure

  
à celle d'un moteur identique du type classique.

  
On constate encore également que la combustion du mélange combustible dans les cylindres du moteur ne provoque pas la formation de calamine.

  
Il est permis de supposer que la grille 11 disposée à l'entrée du collecteur d'admission 3 du moteur provoque la décomposition de la vapeur d'eau et que l'on obtient ainsi de l'hydrogène, cet hydrogène comprenant

  
de l'hydrogène naissant ou atomique. Le résultat surprenant de cette production d'hydrogène par décomposition de la vapeur d'eau est que l'on empêche la formation et/ou que l'on provoque la décomposition des oxydes d'azote et du monoxyde de carbone dans les gaz de combustion qui seront ensuite rejetés dans l'atmosphère.

  
Ce procédé et ce dispositif selon l'invention peuvent s'appliquer non seulement à des moteurs de combustion interne de véhicule automobile, mais également à la purification des gaz ou des fumées qui sont rejetés dans l'atmosphère par des cheminées d'usine.

  
Un exemple schématique d'une telle réalisation est représenté en coupe en figure 2, dans laquelle on voit qu'une cheminée 15 d'usine est pourvue de moyens 16 permettant d'amener de la vapeur d'eau, comme indiqué en 17, à l'intérieur de la cheminée. Les gaz ou fumées rejetés par cette

  
 <EMI ID=5.1> 

  
de cérium ou de composé contenant du cérium, qui est disposée en aval de

  
 <EMI ID=6.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=7.1> 

  
 <EMI ID=8.1>  

  
et pratiquement d'éliminer le monoxyde de carbone et les oxydes d'azote présents dans les gaz et les fumées rejetés dans l'atmosphère.

  
On remarquera que, dans certains cas, la vapeur d'eau utilisée pourrait être remplacée par n'importe quel milieu susceptible de produire de l'hydrogène par décompositions simples.

  
L'invention n'est donc nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemple. En particulier, elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits et représentés, ainsi que leurscombinaisois, si celles-ci sont exécutées dans le cadre des revendications qui suivent. 

  
Revendications

  
1. Procédé pour éviter la pollution de l'atmosphère par des gaz nocifs tels que les oxydes d'azote et le monoxyde de carbone, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à empêcher leur formation et/ou à provoquer leur décomposition au moyen d'hydrogène produit par la décomposition de vapeur d'eau par du cérium ou un composé contenant du cérium.



  "Method and device for avoiding pollution of the atmosphere by

  
 <EMI ID = 1.1> <EMI ID = 2.1>

  
The invention essentially relates to a method and a device for preventing pollution of the atmosphere by harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.

  
This problem is currently of particular importance, and numerous attempts have already been made to reduce or eliminate these harmful gases present in the gases or fumes discharged into the atmosphere by factory chimneys, the exhaust systems of combustion engines internal motor vehicles, etc.

  
In particular, a large number of methods and devices are known which are intended to purify the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. However, these known means are not entirely satisfactory, because on the one hand, they are often complex, expensive, and of low reliability, and on the other hand, they do not allow the nitrogen oxides to be completely eliminated. and carbon monoxide present in the exhaust gases.

  
Finally, these known means are for the most part intended to eliminate or decompose harmful gases, and not to prevent their formation.

  
The object of the present invention is precisely to overcome the drawbacks of these known means, and this by virtue of an extremely simple, inexpensive method and device with guaranteed reliability.

  
The method according to the invention, making it possible to avoid pollution of the atmosphere by harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, is characterized in that it consists in preventing their formation and / or in cause their decomposition by means of hydrogen produced by the decomposition of water vapor by cerium or a compound containing cerium.

  
According to another characteristic of the invention, the water vapor is introduced into a stream of gas or smoke intended to be discharged into the atmosphere and capable of containing or allowing the formation of nitrogen oxides and monoxide. of carbon, and the resulting mixture is brought into contact with cerium or a compound containing cerium.

  
According to yet another characteristic of the invention, allowing

  
 <EMI ID = 3.1>

  
internal combustion engine, for example from a motor vehicle, water vapor is introduced into the intake manifold of said engine, in which 00 00 00 ** of 0 900

  
The mixture of feed air and pulverized liquid fuel is also passed, and the resulting mixture is passed through a screen of cerium or of a compound containing cerium, disposed in said intake manifold.

  
It has in fact been observed that the introduction of water vapor into a

  
 <EMI ID = 4.1>

  
and passing this resulting mixture over a grid of cerium or of a compound containing cerium, surprisingly cause the total absence of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases discharged to the atmosphere.

  
Thus, in an extremely simple manner and with inexpensive means, the greatest dangers of pollution of the atmosphere by harmful gases are eliminated.

  
A corollary advantage of the invention is that the combustion of the fuel mixture takes place more efficiently, that there is a small, but real drop in fuel consumption, and that at the same time the formation of scale is also avoided.

  
The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the process according to the invention, comprising a pipe or the like through which passes a gaseous medium capable of containing or causing the formation of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, and which is characterized in that it also comprises means for the introduction of water vapor into the above-mentioned pipe and at least one element made of cerium or of a compound containing cerium placed in said pipe in downstream of the aforementioned water vapor introduction means.

  
The invention will be better understood and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will become more apparent in the course of

  
the following explanatory description with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating two embodiments and the invention and in which:
- Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of an internal combustion engine intake manifold, provided with the device according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a factory chimney provided with the device according to the invention.

  
FIG. 1 therefore shows the application of the method and of the device according to the invention to an intake system of an internal combustion engine, for example for a motor vehicle.

  
This intake system comprises, in a manner known per se, a pipe 1, the inner wall of which comprises a Venturi 2, and which forms the inlet of an intake manifold 3 of the internal combustion engine. The inlet of pipe 1 is capped with a filter. air 4, and the air supplied to the engine therefore enters through this air filter into pipe 2 and flows in the direction indicated by arrow 5.

  
A carburetor 6, supplied in a conventional manner with liquid fuel such as gasoline, is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the pipe 1 and sends, into the Venturi 2 of the latter, liquid fuel sprayed in fine droplets via a nozzle not shown. Arrow 7 indicates the admission of this atomized fuel into Venturi 2 in line 1.

  
The intake system also includes a throttle valve

  
8 arranged downstream of the Venturi 2 and making it possible to adjust the flow rate to the cylinders of the mixture of supply air and atomized fuel.

  
According to the invention, this intake system also comprises means 9 allowing the introduction of water vapor into the Venturi 2, as indicated by the arrow 10. A grid 11 made of cerium or of a compound containing cerium is arranged. * downstream of the Venturi 2, for example just at the inlet of the intake manifold 3, so that the mixture of supply air, atomized fuel, and water vapor drawn into the manifold admission 3 passes through this grid 11.

  
Means, not shown, make it possible to adjust the introduction of water vapor into the Venturi 2 as a function of the operating speed of the engine, for example in the same way that the carburetor 6 makes it possible to regulate the admission of fuel into the Venturi. 2.

  
It will also be noted that the means 9 for introducing water vapor into the Venturi 2 can comprise a water tank which is vaporized by the operating heat of the internal combustion engine.

  
This device works as follows:
-i-The feed air, the atomized fuel, and the water vapor introduced into the Venturi 2 are sucked into the intake manifold 3 of the engine, and thus pass through the cerium grid 11 or d a compound containing cerium. This mixture is then distributed in the various cylinders of the engine, to be burned there in a conventional manner, the combustion gases produced then being discharged into the atmosphere by the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.

  
It is then surprisingly found that these exhaust gases do not contain any trace of carbon monoxide or nitrogen oxides. In addition, it is also observed that the fuel consumption of an engine provided with the device according to the invention is slightly lower

  
to that of an identical engine of the conventional type.

  
It is also observed that the combustion of the combustible mixture in the cylinders of the engine does not cause the formation of scale.

  
It can be assumed that the grid 11 arranged at the inlet of the intake manifold 3 of the engine causes the decomposition of the water vapor and that hydrogen is thus obtained, this hydrogen comprising

  
nascent or atomic hydrogen. The surprising result of this production of hydrogen by decomposition of water vapor is that the formation and / or decomposition of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the combustion gases is prevented. which will then be released into the atmosphere.

  
This method and this device according to the invention can be applied not only to internal combustion engines of a motor vehicle, but also to the purification of gases or fumes which are discharged into the atmosphere by factory chimneys.

  
A schematic example of such an embodiment is shown in section in FIG. 2, in which it can be seen that a factory chimney 15 is provided with means 16 making it possible to supply water vapor, as indicated at 17, to inside the fireplace. The gases or fumes released by this

  
 <EMI ID = 5.1>

  
cerium or a compound containing cerium, which is disposed downstream of

  
 <EMI ID = 6.1>

  
 <EMI ID = 7.1>

  
 <EMI ID = 8.1>

  
and virtually eliminating carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides present in gases and fumes released into the atmosphere.

  
It will be noted that, in certain cases, the water vapor used could be replaced by any medium capable of producing hydrogen by simple decompositions.

  
The invention is therefore in no way limited to the embodiments described and shown which have been given only by way of example. In particular, it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and represented, as well as their combinations, if these are carried out within the framework of the following claims.

  
Claims

  
1. Process for avoiding pollution of the atmosphere by harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, characterized in that it consists in preventing their formation and / or causing their decomposition by means of hydrogen produced by the decomposition of water vapor by cerium or a compound containing cerium.


    

Claims (1)

2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'hydrogène obtenu comprend de l'hydrogène naissant. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen obtained comprises nascent hydrogen. 3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit de la vapeur d'eau dans un courant de gaz ou de fumées destinés à être rejetés dans l'atmosphère et susceptibles de contenir ou 3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the water vapor is introduced into a stream of gas or fumes intended to be discharged into the atmosphere and likely to contain or de permettre la formation d'oxydes d'azote et de monoxyde de carbone, et on amène le mélange résultant en contact avec du cérium ou un composé contenant du cérium. to allow the formation of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, and the resulting mixture is brought into contact with cerium or a compound containing cerium. 4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, permettant d'éviter la pollution de l'atmosphère par les gaz d'échappement d'une <EMI ID=9.1> 4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, making it possible to avoid pollution of the atmosphere by exhaust gases of an <EMI ID = 9.1> véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit la vapeur d'eau dans le collecteur d'admission de ladite machine, dans lequel pas.de également le mélange d'air d'alimentation et de carburant liquide pulvérisé, et en fait passer le mélange résultant à travers une grille de cérium ou d'un composé contenant du cérium, disposée dans ledit collecteur d'admission. motor vehicle, characterized in that the water vapor is introduced into the intake manifold of said machine, in which also the mixture of feed air and sprayed liquid fuel is passed, and passes it the resulting mixture through a grid of cerium or of a compound containing cerium, disposed in said intake manifold. 5. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant une canalisation ou analogue dans laquelle passe un milieu gazeux susceptible de contenir ou de provoquer la formation d'oxydes d'azote et de monoxyde de carbone, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également des moyens pour l'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans la canalisation, et au moins un élément en cérium ou en composé contenant du cérium placé dans ladite canalisation en aval des moyens d'introduction de vapeur d'eau. 5. Device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a pipe or the like through which passes a gaseous medium capable of containing or causing the formation of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, characterized in that it also comprises means for the introduction of water vapor into the pipe, and at least one element made of cerium or of a compound containing cerium placed in said pipe downstream of the means for introducing vapor of water. 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément est une grille disposée transversalement dans ladite canalisation. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said element is a grid disposed transversely in said pipe. r- <EMI ID=10.1> r- <EMI ID = 10.1> 7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé 7. Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized en ce que ladite canalisation est un collecteur d'admission de machine thermique tel qu'un moteur à combustion interne. in that said pipe is an intake manifold for a thermal engine such as an internal combustion engine. 8. Système d'admission pour un moteur à combustion interne, 8. Intake system for an internal combustion engine, par exemple de véhicule automobile, comprenant un carburateur débouchant dans le Venturi d'un collecteur d'admission conduisant aux cylindres du moteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens d'introduction de vapeur d'eau dans le Venturi et une grille de cérium ou de composé contenant du cérium disposée dans le collecteur en aval des moyens précités d'introduction de vapeur d'eau. for example of a motor vehicle, comprising a carburetor opening into the Venturi of an intake manifold leading to the cylinders of the engine, characterized in that it comprises means for introducing water vapor into the Venturi and a cerium or a compound containing cerium placed in the collector downstream of the aforementioned means for introducing water vapor. 9. Procédé en substance comme décrit et représenté. 9. Process substantially as described and shown. 10. Système et dispositif en substance comme décrits et représentés. 10. System and device substantially as described and shown.
BE150628A 1974-11-19 1974-11-19 Exhaust pollution reduction method - produces hydrogen by action of cerium on water vapour BE822337A (en)

Priority Applications (29)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE150628A BE822337A (en) 1974-11-19 1974-11-19 Exhaust pollution reduction method - produces hydrogen by action of cerium on water vapour
BE153203A BE825353R (en) 1974-11-19 1975-02-10 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AVOIDING POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES SUCH AS NITROGEN OXIDES AND CARBON MONOXIDE
GB18694/75A GB1504952A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-05-05 Process and arrangement for reducing pollution of the atmosphere by exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
IT23068/75A IT1037902B (en) 1974-11-19 1975-05-06 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE TO AVOID POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES
FR7515102A FR2292118A1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-05-09 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AVOIDING POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES
SE7506572A SE417997B (en) 1974-11-19 1975-06-09 SET AND DEVICE TO REDUCE POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE WITH EXHAUST GAS FROM A COMBUSTION ENGINE
ES438543A ES438543A1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-06-13 Process and arrangement for reducing pollution of the atmosphere by exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
BR7504673A BR7504673A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-07-22 PROCESS AND APPARATUS TO PREVENT ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION BY HARMFUL GASES AND EXHAUST GASES FROM AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CHAMINES FROM INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES FOR DISCHARGE OF GASES OR CONTAMINANTS
BE161770A BE835467R (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-12 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AVOIDING POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES SUCH AS NITROGEN OXIDES AND CARBON MONOXIDE
DE19752551350 DE2551350A1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-15 Removing harmful gases, esp from engine exhausts - by treatment with steam over cerium or germanium, opt as alloys
MC751169A MC1081A1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-17 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AVOIDING POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES
AT876075A AT362621B (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-18 DEVICE FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF WATER VAPOR INTO THE AIR INTAKE PIPE OF A COMBUSTION CHAMBER, IN PARTICULAR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
ZA00757258A ZA757258B (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-18 Method and device avoiding the pollution of the atmosphere by noxious gases
LU73821A LU73821A1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-18
CS757785A CS227652B2 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-18 Method of prevention against contamination by harmful gases
NO753872A NO141698C (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-18 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR AA TO AVOID POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE EXHAUST GAS OF COMBUSTION ENGINES
AR261283A AR208571A1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 METHOD TO AVOID CONTAMINATION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES AND A DEVICE TO PUT THE METHOD INTO PRACTICE
IE2522/75A IE43447B1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 Process and arrangement for reducing pollution of the atmosphere by exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine
NL7513507A NL7513507A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREVENTION OF POLLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERE BY HARMFUL GASES.
PL1975184861A PL105710B1 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION OF LIQUID FUELS IN A COMBUSTION ENGINE
DD189563A DD122032A5 (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19
AU86738/75A AU496162B2 (en) 1975-11-19 Method and device avoiding the pollution ofthe atmosphere by noxious gases
CA240057A CA1054468A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 Method and device avoiding the pollution of the atmosphere by noxious gases
OA55670A OA05169A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 Method and device for preventing pollution of the atmosphere with harmful gases.
DK520675A DK148555C (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING THE CREATION OF MAIN NITROGEN OXIDES AND CARBON MONOXIDE IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
JP50139150A JPS51101782A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 Taikiosenkaihihoho oyobi sochi
IL48500A IL48500A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 Method and apparatus for preventing the pollution of the atmosphere by noxious gases
EG75680A EG12030A (en) 1974-11-19 1975-11-19 Process and means to prevent air pollution with gases
US06/060,116 US4341184A (en) 1974-11-19 1979-07-23 Method and device avoiding the pollution of the atmosphere by noxious gases

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE150628A BE822337A (en) 1974-11-19 1974-11-19 Exhaust pollution reduction method - produces hydrogen by action of cerium on water vapour

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BE822337A true BE822337A (en) 1975-03-14

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BE150628A BE822337A (en) 1974-11-19 1974-11-19 Exhaust pollution reduction method - produces hydrogen by action of cerium on water vapour

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BE (1) BE822337A (en)
ZA (1) ZA757258B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012093207A1 (en) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-12 Jose Buendia Chemically generating hydrogen and removing pollution

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012093207A1 (en) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-12 Jose Buendia Chemically generating hydrogen and removing pollution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA757258B (en) 1976-10-27

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