BE660194A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE660194A BE660194A BE660194A BE660194A BE660194A BE 660194 A BE660194 A BE 660194A BE 660194 A BE660194 A BE 660194A BE 660194 A BE660194 A BE 660194A BE 660194 A BE660194 A BE 660194A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- lactam
- radical
- promoter
- polymerization
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- -1 6-membered heterocyclic aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprolactam Natural products O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011952 anionic catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Natural products O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012632 extractable Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- QISSLHPKTCLLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Acetylcaprolactam Chemical compound CC(=O)N1CCCCCC1=O QISSLHPKTCLLDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZVSKZLHKADLHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzanilide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZVSKZLHKADLHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorocarbonic acid Chemical class OC(Cl)=O AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl chloroformate Chemical compound CCOC(Cl)=O RIFGWPKJUGCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LCEDQNDDFOCWGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholine-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CN1CCOCC1 LCEDQNDDFOCWGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCN1 XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- UBQKCCHYAOITMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-2-ol Chemical group OC1=CC=CC=N1 UBQKCCHYAOITMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000000183 1,3-benzoxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OPOJRMTZHYUKLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,3,5-triazin-2-one Chemical class O=C1N=CN=CN1 OPOJRMTZHYUKLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASSKVPFEZFQQNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzoxazolinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(O)=NC2=C1 ASSKVPFEZFQQNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFFBIQMNKOJDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(Br)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZFFBIQMNKOJDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LISKAOIANGDBTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxypyridine Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=N1 LISKAOIANGDBTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGWGXZKGWFYOHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dimethylazetidin-2-one Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(=O)N1 IGWGXZKGWFYOHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHCDZZIXAMDCBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC[Na] Chemical compound CCC[Na] AHCDZZIXAMDCBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGLMVXWAHNTPRF-CMDGGOBGSA-N CCN1N=C(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=NC2=CC(=CC(OC)=C2N1C\C=C\CN1C(NC(=O)C2=CC(C)=NN2CC)=NC2=CC(=CC(OCCCN3CCOCC3)=C12)C(N)=O)C(N)=O Chemical compound CCN1N=C(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=NC2=CC(=CC(OC)=C2N1C\C=C\CN1C(NC(=O)C2=CC(C)=NN2CC)=NC2=CC(=CC(OCCCN3CCOCC3)=C12)C(N)=O)C(N)=O JGLMVXWAHNTPRF-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical class ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940111121 antirheumatic drug quinolines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930185173 caprolactin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005521 carbonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCSAXWHQFYOIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridin-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=N1 GCSAXWHQFYOIFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- RZTAMFZIAATZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N felodipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)C1C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RZTAMFZIAATZDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010506 ionic fission reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002597 lactoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;carbanide;bromide Chemical compound [CH3-].[Mg+2].[Br-] NXPHGHWWQRMDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XVDBWWRIXBMVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphanyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(N(C)C)N(C)C XVDBWWRIXBMVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDIDYFBTIZOPLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylbenzamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SDIDYFBTIZOPLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005054 naphthyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002916 oxazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmagnesium bromide Chemical compound Br[Mg]C1=CC=CC=C1 ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004892 pyridazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003246 quinazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(=O)C=CC2=C1 LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003419 tautomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/08—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
- C08G69/14—Lactams
- C08G69/16—Preparatory processes
- C08G69/18—Anionic polymerisation
- C08G69/20—Anionic polymerisation characterised by the catalysts used
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US347056A US3397185A (en) | 1964-02-24 | 1964-02-24 | Anionic polymerization of lactams with a carbonate diester containing nu-heterocyclic substituent as promoter |
| DE19651570195 DE1570195A1 (de) | 1964-02-24 | 1965-02-24 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyamiden durch Polymerisation von Lactamen |
| BE660194A BE660194A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1965-02-24 | 1965-02-24 | |
| FR6875A FR1431165A (fr) | 1964-02-24 | 1965-02-24 | Procédé de préparation de polyamides à partir de lactames, compositions de lactames polymérisables, polyamides obtenus et articles mis en forme à partir de ces polyamides |
| GB8022/65A GB1057782A (en) | 1964-02-24 | 1965-02-24 | Polymerisation of lactams |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE660194A BE660194A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1965-02-24 | 1965-02-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BE660194A true BE660194A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1965-06-16 |
Family
ID=3847322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE660194A BE660194A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1964-02-24 | 1965-02-24 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE660194A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
-
1965
- 1965-02-24 BE BE660194A patent/BE660194A/fr unknown
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