Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
  • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
  • H01J37/32917—Plasma diagnostics
  • H01J37/32935—Monitoring and controlling tubes by information coming from the object and/or discharge
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
  • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
  • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
  • B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
  • B04C5/28—Multiple arrangement thereof for parallel flow
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
  • C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
  • C07C29/80—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by distillation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
  • C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
  • C07C29/80—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by distillation
  • C07C29/82—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by distillation by azeotropic distillation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
  • C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
  • C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
  • C07C29/86—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment by liquid-liquid treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
  • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
  • C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
  • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
  • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
  • G05D23/1919—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means characterised by the type of controller
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
  • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
  • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
  • H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
  • H01J37/32018—Glow discharge
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S422/00—Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing
  • Y10S422/907—Corona or glow discharge means

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Cyclones (AREA)
• Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
• Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
• Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
• Lasers (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=32398014

Family Applications (4)

Family Applications Before (3)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (72)

Family Cites Families (26)

• 0
  • BE BE569245D patent/BE569245A/xx unknown
  • NL NL193023D patent/NL193023A/xx unknown
  • NL NL112276D patent/NL112276C/xx active
  • BE BE569243D patent/BE569243A/xx unknown
  • BE BE569244D patent/BE569244A/xx unknown
  • NL NL86851D patent/NL86851C/xx active
  • NL NL232778D patent/NL232778A/xx unknown
  • NL NL232698D patent/NL232698A/xx unknown
  • BE BE543129D patent/BE543129A/xx unknown
• 1953
  • 1953-12-09 CH CH355233D patent/CH355233A/de unknown
  • 1953-12-09 CH CH847062A patent/CH386584A/de unknown
• 1954
  • 1954-12-04 DE DEE9938A patent/DE1156624B/de active Pending
  • 1954-12-04 DE DEE14221A patent/DE1058806B/de active Pending
  • 1954-12-04 DE DEE14222A patent/DE1035446B/de active Pending
  • 1954-12-09 GB GB38546/57A patent/GB805165A/en not_active Expired
  • 1954-12-09 GB GB38545/57A patent/GB805164A/en not_active Expired
  • 1954-12-09 GB GB35643/54A patent/GB805163A/en not_active Expired
• 1955
  • 1955-04-16 CH CH343553D patent/CH343553A/de unknown
  • 1955-05-28 CH CH349283D patent/CH349283A/de unknown
  • 1955-07-04 AT AT624958A patent/AT212954B/de active
  • 1955-08-22 FR FR1147934D patent/FR1147934A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1955-11-15 DE DEB37919A patent/DE1146338B/de active Pending
  • 1955-11-18 US US547718A patent/US2874801A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1955-11-22 CH CH343761D patent/CH343761A/de unknown
  • 1955-11-29 GB GB34141/55A patent/GB776918A/en not_active Expired
  • 1955-12-02 FR FR1147954D patent/FR1147954A/fr not_active Expired
• 1956
  • 1956-05-25 DE DEE12437A patent/DE1029641B/de active Pending
  • 1956-05-28 GB GB16471/56A patent/GB824947A/en not_active Expired
  • 1956-05-28 FR FR1153552D patent/FR1153552A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1956-05-28 US US587624A patent/US2884511A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1956-12-07 US US626934A patent/US3018409A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1958
  • 1958-10-08 US US766116A patent/US3004133A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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