BE433389A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE433389A BE433389A BE433389DA BE433389A BE 433389 A BE433389 A BE 433389A BE 433389D A BE433389D A BE 433389DA BE 433389 A BE433389 A BE 433389A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- glucinium
- fluoride
- mixture
- alkaline
- compound
- Prior art date
Links
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium(0) Chemical class [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 glucinium compound Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N BeO Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxyl anion Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000216690 Gracula religiosa Species 0.000 description 2
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L MgCl2 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cacl2 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L mgso4 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000212342 Sium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F3/00—Compounds of beryllium
- C01F3/005—Fluorides or double fluorides of beryllium with alkali metals or ammonium; Preparation of beryllium compounds therefrom
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
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Procédé d'obtention de composés du glucinium ne contenant pas de fluor.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé d'obtention de composés du glucinium ne contenant pas de fluor.
On a déjà proposé des procédés pour la désagrégation de matières premières contenant du glucinium, et dans lesquels le glucinium.est obtenu sous la forme de fluorure de glucinium ou bien d'un fluorure double de glucinium et d'un alcalin.
Pour la transformation subséquente en glucinium métalli- que, il est cependant souvent avantageux que le glucinium se trouve sous forme d'un oxyde ou d'un chlorure.
La présente invention concerne un procédé de transforma-
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tion de fluorure de glucinium ou de fluorures doubles du gluci- nium en oxyde ou en chlorure de glucinium, le fluor étant sé- paré sous for.ne d'un fluorure insoluble et notamment sous for- :ne de fluorure de calcium ou de magnésium.
Conformément à l'invention, on traite la solution aqueuse du produit de désagrégation contenant le fluorure par des les- sives alcalines ou par l'ammoniaque, en présence d'électroly- tes dont les cations sont capables de former des fluorures insolubles-(tels, par exemple, que chlorure de calcium ou de magnésium, sulfate de magnésium), le glucinium se séparant alors sous forme d'hydrate ou hydroxyde de glucinium, tandis que le fluor se précipite à l'état de fluorure insoluble. La présence des dits électrolytes est nécessaire car, autrement, On n'obtient pas la précipitation totale, sous forme, d'hydrate, du glucinium, à partir des composés de glucinium présents en partie sous une forme complexe.
On traite ensuite le mélange précipité par une solution de soude ou de potasse caustique ou bien par des solutions de carbonates alcalins ou d'ammonium.
L'hydrate de glucinium présent dans le précipité se dissout alors presque entièrement, tandis que les fluorures restent intacts. On peut alors aisément traiter, à la manière connue, les solutions obtenues débarrassées de fluor, afin d'obtenir l'oxyde de glucinium. De préférence l'extraction, par solu- tion, du glucinium du mélange s'effectue dès précipitation de ce dernier, parce que, comme on le sait, l'hydroxyde fraiche- ment précipité passe, par "vieillissement", en peu de temps, sous une forme difficilement soluble.
On peut aussi éviter cet inconvénient lorsque, à - partir du mélange d'hydroxyde de glucinium et de fluorure alcalino-terreux obtenu par précipi- tation, conformément à l'invention, on volatilise le glucinium en chlorure de glucinium, suivant l'un des procédés connus pour l'obtention de chlorure de glucinium, à partir de composés du glucinium, par chloruration à haute température en présence de charbon, le fluorure de calcium, ou bien le fluorure de magné-
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
sium, restant alors comme résidu, de l'opération.
Pour éviter la forma-tion dtacide chlorhydrique et, de ce fait, une vola- tilisation concomitjante de composés fluorés, il faut pourtant soumettre le mélange à chlorurer, pendant peu de temps, à une calcination préalable, à une température comprise entre 500 0 et 700 C, l'hydroxyde de glucinium étant ainsi trans- formé en oxyde.
On trouvera ci-après un exemple, donné à titre non limi- tatif bien entendu, de réalisation du procédé qui fait l'objet de l'invention:
On ajoute 840 parties en poids de chlorure de calcium, dissoutes dans une pet-ite quantité d'eau, à 16000 parties en volume d'une solution aqueuse, obtenue par désa¯grégation, con- tenant du fluorure double de sodium et de glucinium (à raison de 3.17 g/I de Be, calculé sous forme de BeO) ; on additionne la solution ainsi obtenue d'ammoniaque à 27.6 % jusqu'à ce qu'elle accuse une réaction faiblement alcaline. Il se sépare ainsi un mélange d'hydrate de glucinium et de fluorure de calcium renfermant 50. 6 parties en poids de BeO.
On isole la matière solide par filtration et, après lavage à l'eau, on la met en solution au moyen d'acide chlorhydrique étendu, puis on la précipite, de nouveau par addition d'ammoniaque. On coule la bouillie ainsi formée dans 8000 parties en volume d'une solution de carbonate d'ammonium à 25 %, et on agite le mé- lange, pendant 20 minutes, à une température de 45 C. Après la filtration, le résidu, constitué par du fluorure difficile- ment soluble, est lavé avec une solution diluée de carbonate d'ammonium. Par ébullition subséquente du filtrat contenant le glucinium, on précipite 113 parties en poids de carbonate basique de glucinium renfermant 45,6 parties en poids d'oxyde de glucinium .
Le rendement en oxyde de glucinium industriel- lement pur, s'élève donc à 90 %, calculé sur la quantité de glucinium présent dans la solution de départ. @
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for obtaining glucinium compounds which do not contain fluorine.
The present invention relates to a process for obtaining glucinium compounds which do not contain fluorine.
Processes have already been proposed for the disintegration of raw materials containing glucinium, and in which the glucinium is obtained in the form of glucinium fluoride or else of a double fluoride of glucinium and an alkali.
For the subsequent conversion to metallic glucinium, however, it is often advantageous if the glucinium is present in the form of an oxide or a chloride.
The present invention relates to a process for transforming
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
tion of glucinium fluoride or of double fluorides of gluci- nium in glucinium oxide or chloride, the fluorine being separated in the form of an insoluble fluoride and in particular in the form of calcium or magnesium fluoride .
In accordance with the invention, the aqueous solution of the disintegration product containing the fluoride is treated with alkaline disinfectants or with ammonia, in the presence of electrolytes whose cations are capable of forming insoluble fluorides (such as , for example, as calcium or magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate), the glucinium then separating out in the form of glucinium hydrate or hydroxide, while the fluorine precipitates in the state of insoluble fluoride. The presence of said electrolytes is necessary because, otherwise, the total precipitation, in hydrate form, of glucinium is not obtained from the glucinium compounds present in part in a complex form.
The precipitated mixture is then treated with a solution of soda or caustic potash or else with solutions of alkaline carbonates or ammonium.
The glucinium hydrate present in the precipitate then dissolves almost completely, while the fluorides remain intact. The solutions obtained freed from fluorine can then be easily treated, in the known manner, in order to obtain glucinium oxide. Preferably the extraction, by solution, of the glucinium from the mixture is carried out as soon as the latter has precipitated, because, as is known, the freshly precipitated hydroxide passes, by "aging", in a short time. , in a hardly soluble form.
This drawback can also be avoided when, from the mixture of glucinium hydroxide and alkaline earth fluoride obtained by precipitation, in accordance with the invention, the glucinium is volatilized to glucinium chloride, according to one of the known processes for obtaining glucinium chloride, from glucinium compounds, by high temperature chlorination in the presence of carbon, calcium fluoride, or magnesium fluoride.
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
sium, then remaining as a residue of the operation.
To avoid the formation of hydrochloric acid and, therefore, a concomitant volatilization of fluorinated compounds, it is nevertheless necessary to subject the mixture to be chlorinated, for a short time, to a preliminary calcination, at a temperature between 500 0 and 700 C, the glucinium hydroxide being thus converted into an oxide.
An example will be found below, given without limitation of course, of carrying out the process which is the subject of the invention:
840 parts by weight of calcium chloride, dissolved in a small amount of water, are added to 16,000 parts by volume of an aqueous solution, obtained by disintegration, containing double fluoride of sodium and glucinium. (at 3.17 g / l of Be, calculated as BeO); the 27.6% ammonia solution thus obtained is added until it exhibits a weakly alkaline reaction. A mixture of glucinium hydrate and calcium fluoride containing 50.6 parts by weight of BeO is thus separated.
The solid material is isolated by filtration and, after washing with water, it is dissolved with diluted hydrochloric acid, then it is precipitated again by addition of ammonia. The slurry thus formed is poured into 8000 parts by volume of a 25% ammonium carbonate solution, and the mixture is stirred for 20 minutes at a temperature of 45 C. After filtration, the residue, consisting of poorly soluble fluoride, is washed with a dilute solution of ammonium carbonate. By subsequent boiling of the filtrate containing glucinium, 113 parts by weight of basic glucinium carbonate containing 45.6 parts by weight of glucinium oxide are precipitated.
The yield of industrially pure glucinium oxide therefore amounts to 90%, calculated on the amount of glucinium present in the starting solution. @
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE433389A true BE433389A (en) |
Family
ID=92771
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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BE433389D BE433389A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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BE (1) | BE433389A (en) |
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- BE BE433389D patent/BE433389A/fr unknown
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