BE416938A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE416938A BE416938A BE416938DA BE416938A BE 416938 A BE416938 A BE 416938A BE 416938D A BE416938D A BE 416938DA BE 416938 A BE416938 A BE 416938A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- solution
- ash
- waste
- residue
- Prior art date
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium(0) Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium(0) Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001376 precipitating Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cacl2 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium chloride Chemical class Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxyl anion Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/20—Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from aluminous ores using acids or salts
- C01F7/22—Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from aluminous ores using acids or salts with halides or halogen acids
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
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" procédé d'extraction de l'aluminium des cendres, sco- ries et déchets decharbonnages ".
Les cendres ou scories de chaudières possèdent,comme on sait, une teneur d'environ 30 % d'alumine et même plus.
La décomposition de ces cendres par fusion, en présence de boude ou d'hydroxydes des alcalis pour en extraire l'alumine, est un procédé onéreux et sans valeur pratique.
Il en est de même pour le traitement des cendres et des silicates avec des acides, la décomposition ne pouvant se faire à un taux intéressant qu'à la condition d'un régime permettant d'atteindre des températureb voisines de 200 C. et des pressions denviron 30 atm.
La présente invention a notamment pour but de remé- dier à ces inconvénients et consiste à ajouter aux déchets avant combustion, un sel de calcium, de baryum, de stron- tium, de magnésium ou de béryllium ou un mélange de ces sels, de brûler ces déchets ainsi préparés pour en récupé-
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
rer les calories et obtenir des silicates solubles, à traiter ensuite les cendres obtenues par un acide, et à extraire ensuite l'aluminium par tout moyen approprié.
De préférence ;
1 ) on ajoutera aux déchets avant la combustion, un lait de chaux correspondant avantageusement aux 2,5% en Ca 0 du poids de cendres traité;
2 ) on utilisera comme acide, de préférence de l'acide chlorhyBrique qu'on ajoutera aux cendres finement divisées, puis on chauffera le mélange à la température d'ébullition et sous pression normale;
3R) on séparera les chlorures du résidu insoluble;
4 ) on vaporisera les chlorures et on chauffera le résidu à environ 300 C.
5 ) on enlèvera le chlorure de calcium par lavage ;
EMI2.1
6 ) on enlèvera la silice et on transformera les ii,&6t4 1 m>...t.v des chlorures en carbonates par une lessive de soude (aA. -8-04W-re.. lt òel1u4xj
7 ) le résidu de 6 ) débarrassé du chlorure de cal- cium est traité par une solution d'hydroxyde de sodium pour obtenir une solution d'aluminate .
8 ) on extrait l'alumine sous forme d'hydroxyde par cristallisation d'une solution d'aluminate;
9 ) on obtient l'alumine par calcination de l'hydroxy- de d'aluminium et l'aluminium par l'électrolyse de l'alumi- ne.
A titre d'exemple, on peut procéder comme suit pour extraire des schlamms de l'aluminium :
On mélange 4980 kgs de schlamm. à 20 % de cendres avec un lait de chaux correspondant à 25 kgs de Ca 0 (soit envi- ron 2,5% du poids des cendres). Le combustible ainsi obte- nu est brûlé dans une chaudière . On recueille les cendres et les crasses résiduelles après les avoir finement divi- sées. On ajoute de l'acide chlorhyyrique concentré. On por- .
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
te le tout à la température d'ébullition sous la pression normale pendant environ une heure . On a soin pendant ce temps de brasser l'ensemble au moyen d'un appareil mélan- geur.
On obtient ainsi des produits insolubles/parmi lesquels les fines de charbon et l'acide silicique)et des produits solubles, parmi lesquels se trouvent notamment des chlorures de calcium et d'aluminium . On filtre pour séparer les produits insolubles des produits solubles. Les produits insolubles sont jetés, étant sans grande valeur.
On vaporise le filtrat formé par les produits salubles et on pousse la température de manière à réoupérer l'acide chlorhydrique . Le résidu,obtenu est lavé pour enlever
EMI3.1
le chlorure de calcium . On traite ensuite le résidu par ( eart ar,.a. d,. 4W" ; une lessive de soudeYpour enlever la silice qui a pu être entraînée et transformer les restes des chlorures en carbonates. On filtre et on relave le résidu . L'alumine qui se trouve dans le résidu est dissout par une lessive d'hydroxyde de soude . On obtient ainsi une solution d'aluminate.
EMI3.2
A1203 + ô N'a0H 2 Al (ON-,) 3 H20 On fait cristalliser, ce qui donne l'hydroxyde d'aluminium. On obtient ensuite l'alumine par calcination et l'aluminium par l'électrolyse.
L'addition de Ca 0 sous forme de lait de chaux présente des avantages qui n'avaient pas été remarqués jusqu'ici. On extrait ainsi environ 80 % de la quantité d'alumine contenue dans les cendres alors que sans addition de lait de chaux la proportion tombe à 20 %. Et d'autre part, ainsi que cela se trouve mentionné plus haut, cette addition permet de travailler à une température et à une pression plus basses que celles exigées pour la mise en oeuvre des procédés connus.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
"Process for extracting aluminum from ash, sawn wood and coal waste".
As we know, the ash or slag from boilers has a content of about 30% alumina and even more.
The decomposition of these ashes by melting, in the presence of sludge or hydroxides of the alkalis to extract the alumina, is an expensive process and of no practical value.
It is the same for the treatment of ashes and silicates with acids, the decomposition being able to be done at an interesting rate only on the condition of a regime making it possible to reach temperaturesb close to 200 C. and pressures. of about 30 atm.
The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks and consists in adding to the waste before combustion, a salt of calcium, barium, strontium, magnesium or beryllium or a mixture of these salts, to burn this waste thus prepared for recovery
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
rer the calories and obtain soluble silicates, then treating the ash obtained with an acid, and then extracting the aluminum by any suitable means.
Preferably;
1) a lime milk will be added to the waste before combustion, advantageously corresponding to 2.5% in Ca 0 of the weight of ash treated;
2) one will use as acid, preferably hydrochloric acid which will be added to the finely divided ashes, then the mixture will be heated to the boiling temperature and under normal pressure;
3R) the chlorides will be separated from the insoluble residue;
4) the chlorides will be vaporized and the residue will be heated to about 300 C.
5) the calcium chloride will be removed by washing;
EMI2.1
6) we will remove the silica and we will transform the ii, & 6t4 1 m> ... t.v chlorides into carbonates by a sodium hydroxide solution (aA. -8-04W-re .. lt òel1u4xj
7) the residue of 6) freed from calcium chloride is treated with a solution of sodium hydroxide to obtain an aluminate solution.
8) the alumina is extracted in the form of hydroxide by crystallization of an aluminate solution;
9) Alumina is obtained by calcining aluminum hydroxide and aluminum by electrolysis of aluminum.
By way of example, one can proceed as follows to extract slurries from aluminum:
4980 kgs of schlamm are mixed. at 20% ash with a lime milk corresponding to 25 kgs of Ca 0 (ie about 2.5% of the weight of the ashes). The fuel thus obtained is burned in a boiler. The ash and residual dross are collected after having been finely divided. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is added. We wear.
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
te all at boiling temperature under normal pressure for about an hour. During this time, care is taken to stir the whole by means of a mixing apparatus.
There are thus obtained insoluble products (including carbon fines and silicic acid) and soluble products, including calcium and aluminum chlorides. It is filtered to separate the insoluble products from the soluble products. Insoluble products are thrown away, being of no great value.
The filtrate formed by the salable products is vaporized and the temperature is increased so as to re-cut the hydrochloric acid. The residue obtained is washed to remove
EMI3.1
calcium chloride. The residue is then treated with (eart ar, .a. D ,. 4W "; a sodium hydroxide solution to remove the silica which may have been entrained and transform the residues of the chlorides into carbonates. The residue is filtered and rewashed. The alumina in the residue is dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution to give an aluminate solution.
EMI3.2
Al 2 O 3 + ô N'aOH 2 Al (ON-,) 3 H 2 O Crystallize to give aluminum hydroxide. Alumina is then obtained by calcination and aluminum by electrolysis.
The addition of Ca 0 in the form of milk of lime has advantages which had not been noticed hitherto. Approximately 80% of the amount of alumina contained in the ash is thus extracted, while without the addition of milk of lime, the proportion drops to 20%. And on the other hand, as mentioned above, this addition makes it possible to work at a temperature and at a pressure lower than those required for the implementation of the known methods.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE416938A true BE416938A (en) |
Family
ID=79745
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Country Status (1)
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- BE BE416938D patent/BE416938A/fr unknown
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