BE400129A - - Google Patents

Description

       

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  Improvements made to the purification of hydrocarbons.



   Hydrocarbons, benzols or petroleum derived or synthetic gasolines, used mainly for the operation of engines generally contain gums or resins, the presence of which is a cause of drawbacks known to all those who use these products.



   They also contain products (for example diolefins) which give rise, over time, during storage, to gums similar to those already existing in the initial product.



   The object of the present invention is to eliminate

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 these disadvantages by separating the existing gums (current gums) and the products which can give rise to gums during storage (potential gums).



   The process used to obtain these results consists in first treating the hydrocarbons with an oxidant which transforms all of the gumable products into gums (as would a sufficiently prolonged storage).



   The oxidizing bodies or the mixtures of oxidizing bodies used are inorganic or organic compounds: among the former, and simply by way of nonlimiting example, mention may be made of the permanganates, chromates, dichromates, perborates of metals, lead dioxide, peroxides, persulphates and other oxidizing mineral bodies, said oxidizing bodies acting in a neutral, alkaline or acidic medium, aqueous or not, hot or cold.



   The product thus treated is then completely separated, by simple distillation, from the existing or formed gums; the gums remain in the residue, and the proportion is very low (unlike what occurs in purification processes using sulfuric acid and soda used up to now which give losses of up to 10 to 15% and sometimes more); the yield of purified hydrocarbons can reach 98% of the treated product.,
This oxidation treatment also separates most of the sulfur whose presence, above all! in the state of hydrogen sulphide, offers drawbacks for engines which use insufficiently purified hydrocarbons.



   By way of example, mention will be made in particular of the use as an oxidizing agent of potassium permanganate in the proportion of approximately 0.001 by weight of the hydrocarbons.

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 treated bures, to which approximately the same amount of sulfuric acid can be added. The whole is treated by the means employed in the hydrocarbon industry; mixing by stirring; the liquid separated by decantation from the reaction residue is distilled and gives the purified product, the gum content of which, very much within the limits adopted by the hydrocarbon trade, is, in fact, practically zero.



   By way of indication, it will be mentioned that tests carried out on a crude 80% benzol gave the following results:
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<tb> Erasable <SEP> products
<tb> Sulfur <SEP> total <SEP> (expressed <SEP> in <SEP> gums
<tb> potential)
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<tb> before <SEP> processing <SEP>: <SEP> 0 <SEP> Gr. <SEP> 41% <SEP> 50 <SEP> Mmgr. <SEP> by <SEP> 100 <SEP> cmc.
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<tb> after <SEP> processing <SEP>: <SEP> 0 <SEP> Gr, <SEP> 08 <SEP>% <SEP> 1 '<SEP> Mmgr. <SEP> by <SEP> 100 <SEP> cmc.
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Claims (1)

ABSTRACT Process for the purification of hydrocarbons (benzols or natural or synthetic petroleum derivatives), consisting essentially in subjecting said hydrocarbons to the action of an oxidizing agent having the effect of immediately transforming into gums or resins substances which would produce them, with the time, during storage. Then, the untreated product is sent to distillation; the gums or resins remain in the residue; they are thus eliminated. In addition, free sulfur, hydrogen sulphide, as well as possibly all other forms of sulfur recognized as harmful for certain applications, are also eliminated by this treatment. In this way, we ultimately obtain a first-rate fuel product.