BE351523A - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- BE351523A BE351523A BE351523DA BE351523A BE 351523 A BE351523 A BE 351523A BE 351523D A BE351523D A BE 351523DA BE 351523 A BE351523 A BE 351523A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- phosphate
- ammonium chloride
- ammonia
- fertilizer
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
Links
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monochloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M NaHCO3 Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SATZVFKUEAMFPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;sodium;chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na].[Cl-] SATZVFKUEAMFPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009621 Solvay process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical class [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108060001306 CEP131 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- POECFFCNUXZPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;carbonic acid;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O.OC([O-])=O POECFFCNUXZPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B11/00—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes
- C05B11/04—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid
- C05B11/12—Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes using mineral acid using aqueous hydrochloric acid
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Procédé de fabrication d'un engrais phosphaté- ammoniacal.
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de fabri- cation d'un engrais phosphaté ammoniacal.
Ainsi que cela est bien connu, les phosphates naturels sont traités par l'acide sulfurique en vue de les transformer en superphosphates assimilables par les plantes.. Cette opéra- tion est rendue très coûteuse par suite de l'emploi de l'aci- de sulfurique*-
Le procédé, objet de la présente invention, a pour but de supprimer l'emploi de l'acide sulfurique pour la transfor- mat&on du phosphate naturel en superphosphate ou phosphate soluble et en même temps d'obtenir un engrais phosphaté bon marché contenant, outre des phosphates solubles libres, une certaine quantité de matières azotées.
Dans ce but, le procédé objet de l'invention, est caracté- risé en ordre principal par ce fait que l'on soumet, à un malaxage énergique, un mélange de phosphate naturel, d'origi-
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
ne quel conque, très finement divisé et de chlorure d'ammonium, et qu'on laisse ensuite reposer ce mélange pendant plusieurs jours, de manière a donner naissance à une certaine propor- tion de phosphate soluble,,.
Dans la réalisation pratique de l'invention, on mélange ces corps, dans les proportions de 2 de phosphate pour 1 de chlorure d'ammonium. On constate que le mélange subit une transformation lente et qu' au bout de 3 à 4 jours, une partie du phosphate est devenue .soluble dans l'eau dans des propor- tions variant entre 10% et 14%
Les phosphates peuvent être @'origine quelconque, on peut utiliser des phosphates naturels, minéraux, ou encore des sco- ries de déphosphoration de hauts-fourneaux,
Le chlorure d'ammonium peut également provenir de n'impor- te quelle source. Toutefois, il a été constaté que pour obte- nir de bons résultats il fallait que ce corps soit à l'état extrêmement pur.
En effet, il est bien connu, que ce corps renferme souvent du chlorure de sodium qui brûle les plantes, ce qui proscrit l'emploi du chlorure ammoniaque comme engrais pour certaines cultures, par exemple, pour celle du tabac,
Parmi les sources de chlorure ammonique susceptibles de fournir ce corps en grandes quantités on peut citer, le chlo- rure ammonique obtenu comme sous-produit dans la fabrication de la soude à l'ammoniaque par le procédé Solvay.
Ainsi que cela est bien connu, dans ce procédé le chlorure de sodium est décomposé par le carbonate d'ammonium en bi- carbonate de sodium et chlorure ammonique. Ce dernier corps n'est toutefois jamais pur et contient toujours du carbonate et du bi- carbonate de sodium et du chlorure de sodium.-
Afin de séparer le chlorure ammonique de ces impuretés on chauffe en vase clos la solution de chlorure ammonique sé- parée par filtration du bi-carbonate de soude de manière à éliminer le carbonate ât le bi-carbonate de soude; il reste, en solution le chlorure de sodium et le chlorure d'ammonium.
Ces deux corps sont ensuite séparés en /, soumettant la solu-
<Desc/Clms Page number 3>
tion à un refroidissement; le chlorure d'ammonium est obtenu sous forme de cristaux tandis que les eaux mères contenant le chlorure de sodium sont renvoyées à la carbonatation.
Afin de mieux faire comprendre l'invention on en décrira ci-après un exemple de réalisation.
200 kgr de phosphate naturel en poussières sont malaxés énergiquement pendant 5 minutes avec 100 kgr de pâte de chlo- rure ammonique provenant de la séparation du chlorure ammoni- que des eaux mères de la fabrication de la soude par le procé- dé à l'ammoniaque* On obtient après deux ou trois jours dans le cas d'un phosphate M'dila ( 65%) un engrais, dontenant 11% de phosphate soluble et 10% d'azote ammoniacal.
Le produit obtenu convient donc tout particulièrement com- me engrais en raison de sa forte teneur en phosphate soluble et en azote libre* D'autre part, ce produit étant entièrement neutre, on n'a plus à craindre les inconvénients du chlorure ammonique seul dont l'utilisation est proscrite pour certai- nes cultures comme expliqué ci-dessus.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for the manufacture of a phosphate-ammoniacal fertilizer.
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an ammoniacal phosphate fertilizer.
As is well known, natural phosphates are treated with sulfuric acid with a view to transforming them into superphosphates which can be assimilated by plants. This operation is made very expensive owing to the use of the acid. sulfuric*-
The object of the method of the present invention is to eliminate the use of sulfuric acid for the transformation of rock phosphate into soluble superphosphate or phosphate and at the same time to obtain an inexpensive phosphate fertilizer containing, in addition free soluble phosphates, a certain amount of nitrogenous matter.
For this purpose, the process which is the subject of the invention is characterized in the main order by the fact that a mixture of natural phosphate, of origin, is subjected to vigorous mixing.
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
any shell, very finely divided and ammonium chloride, and this mixture is then allowed to stand for several days, so as to give rise to a certain proportion of soluble phosphate ,,.
In the practical embodiment of the invention, these bodies are mixed in the proportions of 2 of phosphate to 1 of ammonium chloride. It is found that the mixture undergoes a slow transformation and that after 3 to 4 days some of the phosphate has become soluble in water in proportions varying between 10% and 14%.
The phosphates can be of any origin, it is possible to use natural or mineral phosphates, or else blast furnace dephosphorization slags,
Ammonium chloride can also be obtained from any source. However, it has been found that in order to obtain good results this body must be in an extremely pure state.
Indeed, it is well known, that this body often contains sodium chloride which burns plants, which prohibits the use of ammonia chloride as fertilizer for certain crops, for example, for that of tobacco,
Among the sources of ammonium chloride capable of supplying this body in large quantities, mention may be made of ammonium chloride obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of sodium hydroxide with ammonia by the Solvay process.
As is well known, in this process sodium chloride is decomposed by ammonium carbonate into sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride. The latter body, however, is never pure and always contains sodium carbonate and bicarbonate and sodium chloride.
In order to separate the ammonium chloride from these impurities, the ammonium chloride solution separated by filtration of the sodium bicarbonate is heated in a closed vessel so as to remove the carbonate and the sodium bicarbonate; sodium chloride and ammonium chloride remain in solution.
These two bodies are then separated into /, subjecting the solution to
<Desc / Clms Page number 3>
tion to cooling; ammonium chloride is obtained in the form of crystals while the mother liquors containing sodium chloride are returned to carbonation.
In order to better understand the invention, an exemplary embodiment thereof will be described below.
200 kgr of rock phosphate dust are vigorously mixed for 5 minutes with 100 kgr of ammonium chloride paste from the separation of ammonium chloride from the mother liquors for the manufacture of soda by the ammonia process. * After two or three days, in the case of M'dila phosphate (65%), a fertilizer is obtained, including 11% soluble phosphate and 10% ammoniacal nitrogen.
The product obtained is therefore very particularly suitable as a fertilizer because of its high content of soluble phosphate and free nitrogen. On the other hand, this product being entirely neutral, there is no longer any need to fear the drawbacks of ammonium chloride alone. the use is prohibited for certain crops as explained above.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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BE351523A true BE351523A (en) |
Family
ID=26450
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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BE351523D BE351523A (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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BE (1) | BE351523A (en) |
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0
- BE BE351523D patent/BE351523A/fr unknown
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