BE1018635A5 - METAL STOP AND EXPANSION JOINT FOR CONCRETE SLABS. - Google Patents

Abstract

The joint for concrete slabs is made from two parts (1,2) arranged on either side of a median plane (A) between two concrete slabs and which end in the upper part of the joint with a cold rolled continuous flat iron (3, 8) arranged horizontally and in that these continuous flat bars (3, 8) are aligned and mutually supported by support means (16, 18) arranged at regular distances and integral with their surfaces so as to obtain a joint with a smooth and stable upper edge between the adjacent concrete slabs (14, 15). Each support means (16, 18) being provided with a longitudinal flange, located along the median plane A, intended for the assembly of the flat bars (3, 8) of the joint by connecting means (9) and d 'a wing arranged transversely with respect to the median plane A, part of which (19, 20) extends beyond this median plane A, intended to mutually support, on either side, the two juxtaposed flat bars ( 3, 8) so as to keep them exactly and continuously on the same horizontal plane.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Metal stop and expansion joint for concrete slabs.

The present invention relates to the production of concrete surfaces and more particularly to the metal gasket used for this purpose to delimit the slabs.

To produce large concrete surfaces, this surface is divided into rectangular or square sections constituting the concrete slabs. This sharing is general made using metal profiles defining each concrete slab and constituting the joint between the slabs.

Advantageously, these seals are provided with means for absorbing variations in the dimensions of the slabs due to thermal variations. These joints must also be able to absorb heavy loads while maintaining the correct level of the slab surface and avoiding any deterioration of the edges of concrete slabs.

For this purpose, these joints must meet the following criteria: - provide effective protection of the sharp edge of concrete slabs; - guarantee a positive anchorage to avoid any risk of taking off with the slab; - allow the realization of a sufficient thickness of material to avoid shearing of the slab due to weak points caused by the profile of the joint; - Allow the removal or expansion of the slabs by means such as an interlocking type tenon and sleeve, which further ensure the maintenance level slabs.

Generally, these joints for concrete slabs are made from sheet steel profiles and more particularly of the type with double profile male and female interlocking such as tenon and sleeve which allows the expansion of the slabs and which oppose displacements. vertical when passing heavy loads.

A commonly used joint is made using a double substantially omega-shaped profile whose outer contour of one marries the inner contour of the other. The male central portion of the seal must necessarily have a sufficient volume to allow its filling by the concrete during molding.

For a constant thickness of the slab and in the case where the upper part of the joint should be increased for reasons of high load carrying capacity, the lower part of the seal automatically becomes insufficient and, consequently, this lower part will no longer be able to support these loads due to lack of thickness of the matrix. As a result, it is necessary to have many models of joints with different heights.

Another problem encountered with this type of profile is that, in case of limited height of the concrete slab, the minimum dimensions of the omega-shaped profile still remains very important because of the necessary volume of the central part (male). of the seal. As a result, the mass of concrete that remains in the upper part of the edge of the slab, located above the interlocking profile, is largely insufficient to withstand the normal loads (vertical) on the surface of the slab and that, consequently, this part is exposed to the degradations by cracking or by wadding of the concrete.

Currently, there are already male and female interlocking seals offset downward from the median line of the slab to obtain a greater material thickness above the interlocking for increased strength. against the loads on the edges of the slabs.

WO 99/55968 also discloses a structural joint for concrete slabs comprising on the one hand an L-shaped female profile whose vertical flange extends along the edge of the slab and up to the stop of the latter and whose double horizontal wing extends towards the inside of the slab and secondly an L-shaped male profile whose vertical wing also extends along the edge of the slab and up to the upper edge thereof and whose horizontal flange extends to the outside of the slab so as to engage in the female profile of the adjacent slab.

The problem with this type of profile is that it is laminated in continuous length and, when placed in concrete, it cuts the thickness of the slab into two parts near the joint. At this point, there is more than half the thickness of the concrete on each side of the male and female profile which causes breakage initiators in the longitudinal direction of the slab.

Although this joint offers good resistance against vertical loads, there are nevertheless cracking primers at the ends of the horizontal sections of the profiles due to the fact that these joints extend continuously over the entire length of the slab while weakening the edges. concrete slabs. Indeed, the thickness or height of the concrete slabs is calculated to support maximum vertical loads but the edges of the slabs no longer have all the height necessary to support these loads as they are interrupted over their entire length by horizontal wing of the joint profile.

Another problem of this type of joint is that it offers only a limited resistance to the deformations of the sharp edge of the concrete slab, since the thickness of the profile which extends to the upper surface remains limited to the thickness of the sheet forming the profile. It is important to use joints that effectively strengthen the sharp edge of concrete slabs.

In general, structural joints for concrete slabs comprise on the one hand, an L-shaped female metal profile whose vertical flange extends along the edge of the slab and up to the upper edge of that and on the other hand, an L-shaped male profile whose vertical wing also extends along the edge of the slab and up to the upper edge thereof, extending continuously. along the entire length of the slab. These two profiles meet face to face to form the reinforced lips of the concrete slabs to join. These metal seals are heavy and expensive.

Another problem encountered with most of the joints produced in the world, lies in the fact that it is almost impossible to guarantee that the upper edges of the two half-slabs are perfectly at the same level due to a lack of precision in the execution of the profiles. or cut plates in addition to the difference between the diameters of the assembly holes and the diameter of the screws.

BE 1016147 A3 discloses a lighter metal gasket for concrete surfaces that partially meets the above problems. Indeed, this seal is characterized in that the upper surfaces of the two parts of the joint are made using continuous cold rolled flat irons so as to obtain a smooth upper surface and a sharp edge of the joint between the adjacent slab. In this embodiment, the flat irons are placed on edge, that is to say with their small side up. There is, however, no support or solid support between juxtaposed flat irons and it is possible that a difference in elevation occurs during heavy loads at the joint. Indeed, the flat iron are only connected during the assembly of the joint, by plastic bolts which are intended to break during shrinkage of the adjacent concrete slab. At this time there is no longer any link or support between the flat iron of the joint and effective maintenance at a horizontal level is no longer possible.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above by economical, simple and effective means which will be described in more detail below.

For the sake of having lips on the surface of the concrete, which are presentable; sufficiently wide with sharp corners and anchors as close as possible to the concrete surface, with a robust and inexpensive profile; the object of the present invention is to construct joints as follows: - the cold-drawn steel plates, forming the lips, will be arranged horizontally with the studs welded under the lower surface of these dishes, so very close to the surface of the slab and will be bent inward of the concrete thickness for an ideal anchorage.

To ensure the same level to the half-slabs facing each other, the underside of the dishes will be provided with welded supports which extend under the lower surface of the flat juxtaposed so as to support exactly at the level of the carrier plate and vice versa.

Each of the dishes forming the lips of the joints are supported by the flat juxtaposed and this to less than 1 / 10th of a millimeter.

These supports are pierced with holes so as to assemble them by screws and nuts, generally made of plastic so as to break during thermal shrinkage of the concrete slabs.

For this purpose, the metal gasket according to the present invention is produced according to the features as described in the appended claims.

In order to make the invention clearly understood, an embodiment of the joint is described in the description which follows and in which reference is made to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 shows the preparation of a surface portion to be concreted at using a set of joints according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a perspective detail of a first portion of the joint with a medial separation plate comprising male elements; Figure 3 shows a perspective detail of the second part of the seal according to the invention; Figure 4 is a perspective view of an assembly of the two parts according to the invention before pouring concrete; Figure 5 is a plan view of the assembly according to Figure 4; Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the metal seal after pouring concrete; Figures 7 and 8 are successively a side view and a plan view showing the underside of the drawn steel plates with their cooperating supports.

In Figure 1, there is shown a joint assembly, comprising male parts 1 and female parts 2, distributing the surface to be concreted in sections or square or rectangular slabs.

Figures 2 and 3 show details of the seal in vertical section A-A in Figure 1.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the first part 1 of the gasket, according to the invention, is made from a continuous flat iron 3, of rectangular section, arranged horizontally, one of the smaller side faces coinciding with with a median plane A, which lies between the concrete slabs, and will be arranged side by side with a side face of a continuous flat iron of the juxtaposed concrete slab.

On the lower broad side of this flat iron 3 are welded, at regular distances, a series of studs 6 provided at their end with a head or enlargement 7. These studs 6 extend vertically downwards for a certain distance and are then inclined slightly downwards and inwards of the slab at an angle sufficient to allow effective attachment of the part 1 of the seal in the mass of the concrete.

Under the lower wide face of the flat iron 3 are also welded, at regular distances, supports 16. Each support 16 has a wing whose outer face along the median plane A between the joints. This wing is advantageously provided with a hole intended for joining the joints by connecting means 9.

The support 16 also has a transverse wing, part of which is welded to the lower face of the flat iron 3 and the other part 19 extends beyond the median plane A so as to support the flat iron 8 (Fig. 3) constituting the joint of the concrete slab juxtaposed.

In order to achieve a vertical separation between the juxtaposed concrete slabs, a vertical plate 4 is provided, as usual, which extends down substantially along the median plane A. This vertical plate 4 is advantageously welded onto the vertical portion and on the inner side of the studs 6 which is near the median A between the slabs. This sheet 4 extends down to about half the height of the concrete slab.

At this level and on the lower side of the sheet 4 are welded, at regular distances, pins 5 which extend horizontally on either side of the sheet 4 and therefore the median plane A.

Under the tenons 5, the lower part of this first part 1 of the seal, is extended downwards by a second sheet 17. This lower plate 17 extends over the entire length of the seal and in substance down to the bottom of the slab. concrete.

Figure 3 shows the second part 2 of the seal according to the invention. This part is also made with the aid of a longitudinal flat iron 8, arranged horizontally upwards of the joint so as to be arranged side by side with the flat iron 3 of the first part 1.

On the lower wide face of the flat iron 8 are welded, at regular distances, a series of studs 12 provided at their end with a head or enlargement 13. These studs 12 extend vertically downwards for a distance and are then inclined slightly downwardly and inwardly of the slab at an angle sufficient to allow effective attachment of the portion 2 of the seal in the mass of the concrete.

Under the lower face of the flat iron 8 are also welded, at regular distances, supports 18 which will be advantageously identical to the supports 16 of the first part. Each support 18 has a wing whose outer face is along the median plane A between the joints. This wing is also provided with a hole arranged opposite the hole of the support 16 so as to be able to connect the two parts of the joint by means of assemblies 9.

The support 16 also has a transverse wing, part of which is welded to the lower face of the flat iron 8 and the other part 20 extends beyond the medial plane A so as to support the flat iron 3 of the gasket. the concrete slab juxtaposed.

The second portion 2 of the seal also comprises a series of independent sleeves 10, of equivalent length to the tenons 5 of the first part of the seal. These sleeves 10 will be substantially U-shaped forming a hollow portion 11 intended to cooperate with the protruding parts of the tenons 5. The sleeves 10 will advantageously be made of plastic and will be engaged separately on each of the protruding parts of the studs 5 before the casting concrete.

In Figure 4 there is shown a joint section assembled before molding the concrete and showing the sleeves 10 of the second part 2 of the seal hung on the protruding parts of the pins 5 of the first part 1 of the seal. The two flat irons 3 and 8, arranged horizontally, are juxtaposed and form the upper sharp edge along the median plane A located between the concrete slabs.

The flat iron 3 and 8 are connected together by means of assembly or connection means such as bolts, preferably made of plastic, which can be introduced into the holes 9 provided in the lateral faces of the supports 16. and 18, respectively integral flat irons 3 and 8. It is expected that these plastic bolts break after the concrete slabs, solidified, have narrowed. We can also see the arrangement of the studs 12.

FIG. 5 is a plan view corresponding to FIG. 4 on which can also be seen the flat bars 3 and 8 juxtaposed and a portion of the tenons 5 protruding from the sheet 4 as well as the series of studs 6 of the first part 1. can also see the sleeves 10 hooked on the protruding parts of the studs 5 and the series of studs 12 of the second part 2 of the seal.

Figure 6 shows a cross section in a joint made according to the invention after pouring concrete. On the left, we can see, a concrete slab 14 whose upper edge, along the median plane A, is provided with the flat iron 3 firmly attached to the inside of the slab using the studs 6 with heads 7 and separated from the concrete of the slab 15, located on the right, thanks to the plates 4 and 17. The tenons 5, which are located towards the mid-height of the slabs prevent displacements of levels in the vertical direction between the slabs 14 and 15 during significant stresses on the upper surface.

On the right side, we can see a concrete slab 15 whose upper edge, along the median plane A, is provided with the flat iron 8 firmly attached to the inside of the slab using the studs 12 with heads 13 The sleeve 10 is integral with the slab 15 but can move freely on the protruding portion of the post 5 of the slab 14.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show an exemplary embodiment of the supports 16 and 18 in the form of steel slices of a T-profile. In fact, pieces cut in slices from a length of a T-shaped profile are suitable particularly well and are readily available in the market.

The support pieces are edge welded to the lower part of the flat bars 3 and 8 so that their longitudinal wings overlap along the median plane A and their holes 9 for their connecting means coincide. Since they are arranged in quincunxes, the wing portions 19 and 20, located transversely to the median plane A, and which extend beyond this median plane, support on both sides the two iron plates 3 and 8 so as to maintain them exactly and continuously on the same horizontal plane. The wing portion 19 therefore supports the flat iron 8 and the wing portion 20 supports the flat iron 3.

The implementation of the joints according to the invention is carried out as follows:

When the joints 1, 2 are assembled by means of connecting means such as screws passing through the holes 9 provided in the supports 16 and 18, as shown in FIG. 1, concrete is poured into each delimited section. by the joints 1, 2 to form a global surface composed of juxtaposed concrete slabs.

The concrete is poured until it arrives flush (upper surface) flat irons 3, 8. At this time, the concrete will have poured on both sides of the separation plates 4, 17 and will have coated the studs 6, 12, the pieces of the pins 5 on the one hand of the separation or median plane A and the sleeves 10 on the other hand of the separation.

After hardening, a seal is thus obtained as shown in FIG. 6, where the edge of a first slab 14 incorporating the first seal part 1 and the edge of a second slab 15 incorporating the second part 2 of the seal according to the invention.

During the shrinkage due to the drying of the concrete, the temporary fastening means provided in the holes 9 will break and the slab 15 can then take off from the slab 14 and move slightly to the right. At the same time, the sleeves 10 will move slightly in the same way to the right while remaining attached to the protruding parts of the tenons 5 of the slab 14 and thus ensuring a distribution of loads and maintains the vertical level between the slabs of concrete.

This displacement, which may also occur due to temperature variations, will be much more flexible and without clashes or retained through the sleeves 10 of plastic. The vertical loads exerted on the upper surface will, therefore, distributed evenly over the two slab edges.

The parts of the slabs located between the pieces of the pins 5 and sleeves 10 also allow the recovery of significant loads without excessive play at the joint. Indeed, these parts retain the total thickness of the slab thus avoiding as much as possible the cracks and the fracture initiators in the longitudinal direction near the seal.

Thanks to the invention, the ideal combination of the tenon and sleeve anchoring principle is thus obtained while leaving at regular intervals total thicknesses of the concrete, which gives the slab an optimal resistance by significantly reducing break primers.

Another advantage of the seal according to the invention is that the amount of steel required is greatly reduced while providing reinforced and straight sharp edges because they can be made from drawn flat iron rather than folded edges. sheet metal in the case of sheet steel profiles that are rougher and more expensive to produce.

A further advantage of the invention is that the manufacture of the upper parts of the two parts 1 and 2 of the joint, consisting of the flat irons 3 and 8, the supports 16 and 18 and studs 6 and 12, can occur easily and easily. large series since they are identical and in principle form an inverted image of one another.

Of course, other embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A joint for concrete slabs comprising means for separating (1, 2) slabs (14, 15) along a median plane (A) and means for horizontally moving the slabs relative to one another avoiding any vertical displacement between the edges of slabs, the seal consisting of - a first part (1), incorporated in a first slab (14), comprising an upper edge (3) and a vertical wall (4) provided, towards the mid-height of the concrete slab and at regular distances, from a series of tenons (5) which extend horizontally on either side of the median plane (A) and of which a protruding part extends towards the outside the slab (14) and - a second part (2), incorporated in a second slab (15), comprising in its upper part an upper edge (8) and a series of sleeve-shaped elements ( 10), which extend inwardly of the slab (15) and which are arranged in front of the 5 (5) so as to cooperate with their protruding parts, characterized in that the parts (1, 2) terminate towards the top of the joint by a continuous flat cold-rolled flat iron (3, 8) arranged horizontally and in that these flat flat irons (3, 8) are aligned and mutually supported by support means (16, 18) arranged at regular distances and secured to their lower surfaces so as to obtain a joint with a smooth and stable upper surface between the slabs adjacent (14, 15). 2. Joint according to claim 1, characterized in that each support means (16, 18) is provided with a longitudinal flange, located along the median plane A, for the assembly of flat irons (3, 8) the joint by connecting means (9) and a wing disposed transversely to the medial plane A, a part (19, 20) extends beyond this median plane A, intended to support each other, on the other hand, the two flat iron juxtaposed (3, 8) so as to maintain exactly and continuously on the same horizontal plane. 3. Joint according to claim 1, characterized in that on the underside of the continuous flat bars (3, 8) are welded, at regular distances, a series of studs (6, 12) which extend vertically downwards on a certain distance and are then inclined slightly inwards and downwards at an angle sufficient to allow effective attachment of the parts (1, 2) of the joint in the mass of the concrete with their ends ending in enlargements or heads (7, 13). 4. Joint according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that on the vertical section and on the inner side of the studs (6) which is near the median plane A is welded a vertical plate (4) which extends towards the down to about half the height of the concrete slab. 5. Joint according to claim 4, characterized in that on the lower side of the vertical sheet (4) are welded at regular distances, tenons (5) which extend horizontally on either side of the sheet ( 4) and consequently the median plane (A). 6. Joint according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a second vertical plate (17) is welded below the tenons (5) and which extends over the entire length of the joint and down to the bottom of the slab of concrete. 7. Joint according to claim 1, characterized in that the second portion (2) of the seal also comprises a series of sleeves (10), substantially U-shaped whose hollow portion (11) is intended to cooperate with the parts protuberant pins (5) of the first part (1) of the seal. 8. Joint according to claim 7, characterized in that the sleeves (10) are made of plastic.